{"$update": {"2713": {"$update": {"ARO_category": {"$insert": {"43746": {"category_aro_name": "disinfecting agents and intercalating dyes", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "43746", "category_aro_accession": "3005386", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Molecules that intercalate DNA or act as disinfectants that also interact with antimicrobial resistance mechanisms, e.g. molecule efflux, and thus are the targets of disinfectant resistance."}}}}}, "3920": {"$update": {"ARO_description": "CMY-96 is a beta-lactamase found in Escherichia coli. It confers resistance to cephamycin. Detected directly from NCBI and submitted without publication on 07-JUN-2016.", "model_param": {"$update": {"blastp_bit_score": {"$update": {"param_value": "700"}}}}}}, "2711": {"$update": {"ARO_category": {"$insert": {"43746": {"category_aro_name": "disinfecting agents and intercalating dyes", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "43746", "category_aro_accession": "3005386", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Molecules that intercalate DNA or act as disinfectants that also interact with antimicrobial resistance mechanisms, e.g. molecule efflux, and thus are the targets of disinfectant resistance."}}}}}, "1305": {"$update": {"ARO_category": {"$insert": {"43746": {"category_aro_name": "disinfecting agents and intercalating dyes", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "43746", "category_aro_accession": "3005386", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Molecules that intercalate DNA or act as disinfectants that also interact with antimicrobial resistance mechanisms, e.g. molecule efflux, and thus are the targets of disinfectant resistance."}}}}}, "1786": {"$update": {"ARO_category": {"$insert": {"43746": {"category_aro_name": "disinfecting agents and intercalating dyes", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "43746", "category_aro_accession": "3005386", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Molecules that intercalate DNA or act as disinfectants that also interact with antimicrobial resistance mechanisms, e.g. molecule efflux, and thus are the targets of disinfectant resistance."}}}}}, "2323": {"$update": {"ARO_category": {"$insert": {"43746": {"category_aro_name": "disinfecting agents and intercalating dyes", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "43746", "category_aro_accession": "3005386", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Molecules that intercalate DNA or act as disinfectants that also interact with antimicrobial resistance mechanisms, e.g. molecule efflux, and thus are the targets of disinfectant resistance."}}}}}, "2321": {"$update": {"ARO_category": {"$insert": {"43746": {"category_aro_name": "disinfecting agents and intercalating dyes", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "43746", "category_aro_accession": "3005386", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Molecules that intercalate DNA or act as disinfectants that also interact with antimicrobial resistance mechanisms, e.g. molecule efflux, and thus are the targets of disinfectant resistance."}}}}}, "696": {"$update": {"ARO_description": "CfrA is a chloramphenicol-florfenicol resistance gene and methyltransferase enzyme. Methylation of position 8 of A2503 in 23S rRNA confers resistance to chloramphenicol antibiotics first identified by Schwarz 2000 as cfr from Staphylococcus sciuri. Additional Oxazolidinone resistance mediated by the cfr gene in a human isolated was first reported from Colombia in linezolid- and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus."}}, "3805": {"$update": {"ARO_category": {"$insert": {"43746": {"category_aro_name": "disinfecting agents and intercalating dyes", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "43746", "category_aro_accession": "3005386", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Molecules that intercalate DNA or act as disinfectants that also interact with antimicrobial resistance mechanisms, e.g. molecule efflux, and thus are the targets of disinfectant resistance."}}}}}, "1317": {"$update": {"ARO_category": {"$insert": {"36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "35975": {"category_aro_name": "cefazolin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35975", "category_aro_accession": "0000058", "category_aro_class_name": "Antibiotic", "category_aro_description": "Cefazolin (INN), also known as cefazoline or cephazolin, is a first generation cephalosporin antibiotic. 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The 7-alpha-methoxy group increases resistance to beta-lactamases."}, "35981": {"category_aro_name": "amoxicillin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35981", "category_aro_accession": "0000064", "category_aro_class_name": "Antibiotic", "category_aro_description": "Amoxicillin is a moderate-spectrum, bacteriolytic, beta-lactam antibiotic used to treat bacterial infections caused by susceptible microorganisms. A derivative of penicillin, it has a wider range of treatment but remains relatively ineffective against Gram-negative bacteria. It is commonly taken with clavulanic acid, a beta-lactamase inhibitor. Like other beta-lactams, amoxicillin interferes with the synthesis of peptidoglycan."}, "36981": {"category_aro_name": "ampicillin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36981", "category_aro_accession": "3000637", "category_aro_class_name": "Antibiotic", "category_aro_description": "Ampicillin is a penicillin derivative that is highly acid stable, with its activity similar to benzylpenicillin."}, "35996": {"category_aro_name": "clavulanic acid", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35996", "category_aro_accession": "0000079", "category_aro_class_name": "Adjuvant", "category_aro_description": "Clavulanic acid is a beta-lactamase inhibitor (marketed by GlaxoSmithKline, formerly Beecham) combined with penicillin group antibiotics to overcome certain types of antibiotic resistance. It is used to overcome resistance in bacteria that secrete beta-lactamase, which otherwise inactivates most penicillins."}, "36990": {"category_aro_name": "cefixime", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36990", "category_aro_accession": "3000646", "category_aro_class_name": "Antibiotic", "category_aro_description": "Cefixime is a cephalosporin resistant to most beta-lactamases. It is active against many enterobacteria, but activity against staphylococci is poor."}, "35927": {"category_aro_name": "cefoxitin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35927", "category_aro_accession": "0000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Antibiotic", "category_aro_description": "Cefoxitin is a cephamycin antibiotic often grouped with the second generation cephalosporins. Cefoxitin is bactericidal and acts by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms. Cefoxitin's 7-alpha-methoxy group and 3' leaving group make it a poor substrate for most beta-lactamases."}, "40924": {"category_aro_name": "amoxicillin-clavulanic acid", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "40924", "category_aro_accession": "3003997", "category_aro_class_name": "Antibiotic", "category_aro_description": "An antibiotic cocktail containing the beta-lactam antibiotic Amoxicillin and the beta-lactamase inhibitor Clavulanic Acid (potassium clavulanate)."}}}}}, "3830": {"$update": {"ARO_category": {"$insert": {"43746": {"category_aro_name": "disinfecting agents and intercalating dyes", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "43746", "category_aro_accession": "3005386", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Molecules that intercalate DNA or act as disinfectants that also interact with antimicrobial resistance mechanisms, e.g. molecule efflux, and thus are the targets of disinfectant resistance."}}}}}, "3755": {"$update": {"ARO_category": {"$insert": {"43746": {"category_aro_name": "disinfecting agents and intercalating dyes", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "43746", "category_aro_accession": "3005386", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Molecules that intercalate DNA or act as disinfectants that also interact with antimicrobial resistance mechanisms, e.g. molecule efflux, and thus are the targets of disinfectant resistance."}}}}}, "715": {"$update": {"ARO_category": {"$insert": {"36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. 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It is resistant to staphylococci beta-lactamases but hydrolyzed by enterobacterial beta-lactamases."}, "35962": {"category_aro_name": "cephamycin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35962", "category_aro_accession": "0000044", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephamycins are a group of beta-lactam antibiotics, very similar to cephalosporins. Together with cephalosporins, they form a sub-group of antibiotics known as cephems. Cephamycins are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms. The 7-alpha-methoxy group increases resistance to beta-lactamases."}, "35995": {"category_aro_name": "piperacillin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35995", "category_aro_accession": "0000078", "category_aro_class_name": "Antibiotic", "category_aro_description": "Piperacillin is an acetylureidopenicillin and has an extended spectrum of targets relative to other beta-lactam antibiotics. It inhibits cell wall synthesis in bacteria, and is usually taken with the beta-lactamase inhibitor tazobactam to overcome penicillin-resistant bacteria."}, "35981": {"category_aro_name": "amoxicillin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35981", "category_aro_accession": "0000064", "category_aro_class_name": "Antibiotic", "category_aro_description": "Amoxicillin is a moderate-spectrum, bacteriolytic, beta-lactam antibiotic used to treat bacterial infections caused by susceptible microorganisms. 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The presence of an aminothiazolyl sidechain increases ceftriazone's resistance to beta-lactamases. Like other third-generation cephalosporins, it has broad spectrum activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria."}, "35927": {"category_aro_name": "cefoxitin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35927", "category_aro_accession": "0000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Antibiotic", "category_aro_description": "Cefoxitin is a cephamycin antibiotic often grouped with the second generation cephalosporins. Cefoxitin is bactericidal and acts by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms. 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The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "35975": {"category_aro_name": "cefazolin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35975", "category_aro_accession": "0000058", "category_aro_class_name": "Antibiotic", "category_aro_description": "Cefazolin (INN), also known as cefazoline or cephazolin, is a first generation cephalosporin antibiotic. 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It is active against many enterobacteria, but activity against staphylococci is poor."}, "40924": {"category_aro_name": "amoxicillin-clavulanic acid", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "40924", "category_aro_accession": "3003997", "category_aro_class_name": "Antibiotic", "category_aro_description": "An antibiotic cocktail containing the beta-lactam antibiotic Amoxicillin and the beta-lactamase inhibitor Clavulanic Acid (potassium clavulanate)."}, "35987": {"category_aro_name": "ertapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35987", "category_aro_accession": "0000070", "category_aro_class_name": "Antibiotic", "category_aro_description": "Ertapenem is a carbapenem antibiotic and is highly resistant to beta-lactamases like other carbapenems. It inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis."}}}}}, "2254": {"$update": {"model_param": {"$update": {"snp": {"$update": {"param_value": {"$insert": {"10275": "H457L", "10274": "H457N"}}, "clinical": {"$insert": {"10275": "H457L", "10274": "H457N"}}}}}}}}, "2775": {"$update": {"ARO_category": {"$insert": {"43746": {"category_aro_name": "disinfecting agents and intercalating dyes", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "43746", "category_aro_accession": "3005386", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Molecules that intercalate DNA or act as disinfectants that also interact with antimicrobial resistance mechanisms, e.g. molecule efflux, and thus are the targets of disinfectant resistance."}}}}}, "1256": {"$update": {"ARO_category": {"$insert": {"43746": {"category_aro_name": "disinfecting agents and intercalating dyes", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "43746", "category_aro_accession": "3005386", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Molecules that intercalate DNA or act as disinfectants that also interact with antimicrobial resistance mechanisms, e.g. molecule efflux, and thus are the targets of disinfectant resistance."}}}}}, "1390": {"$update": {"ARO_category": {"$insert": {"43746": {"category_aro_name": "disinfecting agents and intercalating dyes", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "43746", "category_aro_accession": "3005386", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Molecules that intercalate DNA or act as disinfectants that also interact with antimicrobial resistance mechanisms, e.g. molecule efflux, and thus are the targets of disinfectant resistance."}}}}}, "2769": {"$update": {"ARO_category": {"$insert": {"43746": {"category_aro_name": "disinfecting agents and intercalating dyes", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "43746", "category_aro_accession": "3005386", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Molecules that intercalate DNA or act as disinfectants that also interact with antimicrobial resistance mechanisms, e.g. molecule efflux, and thus are the targets of disinfectant resistance."}}}}}, "442": {"$update": {"ARO_category": {"$insert": {"43746": {"category_aro_name": "disinfecting agents and intercalating dyes", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "43746", "category_aro_accession": "3005386", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Molecules that intercalate DNA or act as disinfectants that also interact with antimicrobial resistance mechanisms, e.g. molecule efflux, and thus are the targets of disinfectant resistance."}}}}}, "2761": {"$update": {"ARO_category": {"$insert": {"43746": {"category_aro_name": "disinfecting agents and intercalating dyes", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "43746", "category_aro_accession": "3005386", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Molecules that intercalate DNA or act as disinfectants that also interact with antimicrobial resistance mechanisms, e.g. molecule efflux, and thus are the targets of disinfectant resistance."}}}}}, "2760": {"$update": {"ARO_category": {"$insert": {"43746": {"category_aro_name": "disinfecting agents and intercalating dyes", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "43746", "category_aro_accession": "3005386", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Molecules that intercalate DNA or act as disinfectants that also interact with antimicrobial resistance mechanisms, e.g. molecule efflux, and thus are the targets of disinfectant resistance."}}}}}, "1647": {"$update": {"ARO_category": {"$insert": {"43746": {"category_aro_name": "disinfecting agents and intercalating dyes", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "43746", "category_aro_accession": "3005386", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Molecules that intercalate DNA or act as disinfectants that also interact with antimicrobial resistance mechanisms, e.g. molecule efflux, and thus are the targets of disinfectant resistance."}}}}}, "2207": {"$update": {"ARO_category": {"$insert": {"43746": {"category_aro_name": "disinfecting agents and intercalating dyes", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "43746", "category_aro_accession": "3005386", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Molecules that intercalate DNA or act as disinfectants that also interact with antimicrobial resistance mechanisms, e.g. molecule efflux, and thus are the targets of disinfectant resistance."}}}}}, "_version": "3.1.2", "3905": {"$update": {"ARO_description": "CMY-166 is a beta-lactamase found in Escherichia coli. 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"category_aro_accession": "3005386", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Molecules that intercalate DNA or act as disinfectants that also interact with antimicrobial resistance mechanisms, e.g. molecule efflux, and thus are the targets of disinfectant resistance."}}}}}, "1344": {"$update": {"ARO_category": {"$insert": {"43746": {"category_aro_name": "disinfecting agents and intercalating dyes", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "43746", "category_aro_accession": "3005386", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Molecules that intercalate DNA or act as disinfectants that also interact with antimicrobial resistance mechanisms, e.g. molecule efflux, and thus are the targets of disinfectant resistance."}}}}}, "3754": {"$update": {"ARO_category": {"$insert": {"43746": {"category_aro_name": "disinfecting agents and intercalating dyes", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "43746", "category_aro_accession": "3005386", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Molecules that intercalate DNA or act as disinfectants that also interact with antimicrobial resistance mechanisms, e.g. molecule efflux, and thus are the targets of disinfectant resistance."}}}}}, "154": {"$update": {"ARO_category": {"$insert": {"43746": {"category_aro_name": "disinfecting agents and intercalating dyes", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "43746", "category_aro_accession": "3005386", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Molecules that intercalate DNA or act as disinfectants that also interact with antimicrobial resistance mechanisms, e.g. molecule efflux, and thus are the targets of disinfectant resistance."}}}}}, "2732": {"$update": {"ARO_category": {"$insert": {"43746": {"category_aro_name": "disinfecting agents and intercalating dyes", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "43746", "category_aro_accession": "3005386", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Molecules that intercalate DNA or act as disinfectants that also interact with antimicrobial resistance mechanisms, e.g. molecule efflux, and thus are the targets of disinfectant resistance."}}}}}, "2056": {"$update": {"ARO_category": {"$insert": {"43746": {"category_aro_name": "disinfecting agents and intercalating dyes", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "43746", "category_aro_accession": "3005386", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Molecules that intercalate DNA or act as disinfectants that also interact with antimicrobial resistance mechanisms, e.g. molecule efflux, and thus are the targets of disinfectant resistance."}}}}}, "2208": {"$update": {"ARO_category": {"$insert": {"43746": {"category_aro_name": "disinfecting agents and intercalating dyes", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "43746", "category_aro_accession": "3005386", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Molecules that intercalate DNA or act as disinfectants that also interact with antimicrobial resistance mechanisms, e.g. molecule efflux, and thus are the targets of disinfectant resistance."}}}}}, "182": {"$update": {"ARO_category": {"$insert": {"43746": {"category_aro_name": "disinfecting agents and intercalating dyes", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "43746", "category_aro_accession": "3005386", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Molecules that intercalate DNA or act as disinfectants that also interact with antimicrobial resistance mechanisms, e.g. molecule efflux, and thus are the targets of disinfectant resistance."}}}}}, "3898": {"$update": {"ARO_description": "CMY-156 is a beta-lactamase found in Escherichia coli. It confers resistance to cephamycin. Detected directly from NCBI and submitted without publication on 14-FEB-2018.", "model_param": {"$update": {"blastp_bit_score": {"$update": {"param_value": "700"}}}}}}, "3899": {"$update": {"ARO_description": "CMY-160 is a beta-lactamase found in Escherichia coli. It confers resistance to cephamycin. Detected directly from NCBI and submitted without publication on 29-MAY-2018.", "model_param": {"$update": {"blastp_bit_score": {"$update": {"param_value": "700"}}}}}}, "735": {"$update": {"ARO_category": {"$insert": {"37084": {"category_aro_name": "cefalotin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "37084", "category_aro_accession": "3000704", "category_aro_class_name": "Antibiotic", "category_aro_description": "Cefalotin is a semisynthetic cephalosporin antibiotic activate against staphylococci. It is resistant to staphylococci beta-lactamases but hydrolyzed by enterobacterial beta-lactamases."}}}}}, "3892": {"$update": {"ARO_description": "CMY-107 is a beta-lactamase found in Escherichia coli. It confers resistance to cephamycin. Detected directly from NCBI and submitted without publication on 07-JUN-2016.", "model_param": {"$update": {"blastp_bit_score": {"$update": {"param_value": "775"}}}}}}, "3893": {"$update": {"ARO_description": "CMY-158 is a beta-lactamase found in Escherichia coli. It confers resistance to cephamycin. Detected directly from NCBI and submitted without publication on 06-NOV-2018.", "model_param": {"$update": {"blastp_bit_score": {"$update": {"param_value": "775"}}}}}}, "3890": {"$update": {"ARO_description": "CMY-134 is a beta-lactamase found in Escherichia coli. It confers resistance to cephamycin. Detected directly from NCBI and submitted without publication on 07-JUN-2016.", "model_param": {"$update": {"blastp_bit_score": {"$update": {"param_value": "775"}}}}}}, "3891": {"$update": {"ARO_description": "CMY-143 is a beta-lactamase found in Escherichia coli. It confers resistance to cephamycin. Detected directly from NCBI and submitted without publication on 16-NOV-2016.", "model_param": {"$update": {"blastp_bit_score": {"$update": {"param_value": "700"}}}}}}, "3896": {"$update": {"ARO_description": "CMY-147 is a beta-lactamase found in Escherichia coli. It confers resistance to cephamycin. Detected directly from NCBI and submitted without publication on 23-FEB-2017.", "model_param": {"$update": {"blastp_bit_score": {"$update": {"param_value": "700"}}}}}}, "3897": {"$update": {"ARO_description": "CMY-146 is a beta-lactamase found in Escherichia coli. It confers resistance to cephamycin. Detected directly from NCBI and submitted without publication on 18-JAN-2017.", "model_param": {"$update": {"blastp_bit_score": {"$update": {"param_value": "700"}}}}}}, "3894": {"$update": {"ARO_description": "CMY-173 is a beta-lactamase found in Escherichia coli. It confers resistance to cephamycin. Detected directly from NCBI and submitted without publication on 23-SEP-2020.", "model_param": {"$update": {"blastp_bit_score": {"$update": {"param_value": "775"}}}}}}, "2425": {"$update": {"ARO_category": {"$insert": {"43746": {"category_aro_name": "disinfecting agents and intercalating dyes", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "43746", "category_aro_accession": "3005386", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Molecules that intercalate DNA or act as disinfectants that also interact with antimicrobial resistance mechanisms, e.g. molecule efflux, and thus are the targets of disinfectant resistance."}}}}}, "3281": {"$update": {"ARO_description": "AbuO is akin to the TolC outer membrane efflux protein. Deletion in A. baumannii results in increased susceptibility to antibiotics including amikacin, carbenicillin, ceftriaxone, meropenem, streptomycin, and tigecycline as well as disinfectants benzyalkonium chloride and chlorhexidine."}}, "3280": {"$update": {"ARO_category": {"$insert": {"43746": {"category_aro_name": "disinfecting agents and intercalating dyes", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "43746", "category_aro_accession": "3005386", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Molecules that intercalate DNA or act as disinfectants that also interact with antimicrobial resistance mechanisms, e.g. molecule efflux, and thus are the targets of disinfectant resistance."}}}}}, "2213": {"$update": {"ARO_category": {"$insert": {"43746": {"category_aro_name": "disinfecting agents and intercalating dyes", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "43746", "category_aro_accession": "3005386", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Molecules that intercalate DNA or act as disinfectants that also interact with antimicrobial resistance mechanisms, e.g. molecule efflux, and thus are the targets of disinfectant resistance."}}}}}, "2212": {"$update": {"ARO_category": {"$insert": {"43746": {"category_aro_name": "disinfecting agents and intercalating dyes", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "43746", "category_aro_accession": "3005386", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Molecules that intercalate DNA or act as disinfectants that also interact with antimicrobial resistance mechanisms, e.g. molecule efflux, and thus are the targets of disinfectant resistance."}}}}}, "2211": {"$update": {"ARO_category": {"$insert": {"43746": {"category_aro_name": "disinfecting agents and intercalating dyes", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "43746", "category_aro_accession": "3005386", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Molecules that intercalate DNA or act as disinfectants that also interact with antimicrobial resistance mechanisms, e.g. molecule efflux, and thus are the targets of disinfectant resistance."}}}}}, "3904": {"$update": {"ARO_description": "CMY-165 is a beta-lactamase found in Escherichia coli. It confers resistance to cephamycin. Detected directly from NCBI and submitted without publication on 23-AUG-2019.", "model_param": {"$update": {"blastp_bit_score": {"$update": {"param_value": "700"}}}}}}, "995": {"$update": {"ARO_category": {"$insert": {"43746": {"category_aro_name": "disinfecting agents and intercalating dyes", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "43746", "category_aro_accession": "3005386", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Molecules that intercalate DNA or act as disinfectants that also interact with antimicrobial resistance mechanisms, e.g. molecule efflux, and thus are the targets of disinfectant resistance."}}}}}, "3906": {"$update": {"ARO_description": "CMY-149 is a beta-lactamase found in Proteus mirabilis. It confers resistance to cephamycin. Detected directly from NCBI and submitted without publication on 01-MAY-2017.", "model_param": {"$update": {"blastp_bit_score": {"$update": {"param_value": "700"}}}}}}, "3907": {"$update": {"ARO_description": "CMY-139 is a beta-lactamase found in Escherichia coli. It confers resistance to cephamycin. Detected directly from NCBI and submitted without publication on 07-JUN-2016.", "model_param": {"$update": {"blastp_bit_score": {"$update": {"param_value": "700"}}}}}}, "3900": {"$update": {"ARO_description": "CMY-162 is a beta-lactamase found in Escherichia coli. It confers resistance to cephamycin. Detected directly from NCBI and submitted without publication on 21-JUN-2018.", "model_param": {"$update": {"blastp_bit_score": {"$update": {"param_value": "700"}}}}}}, "600": {"$update": {"ARO_category": {"$insert": {"36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. 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The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "35975": {"category_aro_name": "cefazolin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35975", "category_aro_accession": "0000058", "category_aro_class_name": "Antibiotic", "category_aro_description": "Cefazolin (INN), also known as cefazoline or cephazolin, is a first generation cephalosporin antibiotic. It is administered parenterally, and is active against a broad spectrum of bacteria."}, "37084": {"category_aro_name": "cefalotin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "37084", "category_aro_accession": "3000704", "category_aro_class_name": "Antibiotic", "category_aro_description": "Cefalotin is a semisynthetic cephalosporin antibiotic activate against staphylococci. It is resistant to staphylococci beta-lactamases but hydrolyzed by enterobacterial beta-lactamases."}, "35981": {"category_aro_name": "amoxicillin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35981", "category_aro_accession": "0000064", "category_aro_class_name": "Antibiotic", "category_aro_description": "Amoxicillin is a moderate-spectrum, bacteriolytic, beta-lactam antibiotic used to treat bacterial infections caused by susceptible microorganisms. A derivative of penicillin, it has a wider range of treatment but remains relatively ineffective against Gram-negative bacteria. It is commonly taken with clavulanic acid, a beta-lactamase inhibitor. Like other beta-lactams, amoxicillin interferes with the synthesis of peptidoglycan."}, "36981": {"category_aro_name": "ampicillin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36981", "category_aro_accession": "3000637", "category_aro_class_name": "Antibiotic", "category_aro_description": "Ampicillin is a penicillin derivative that is highly acid stable, with its activity similar to benzylpenicillin."}, "35996": {"category_aro_name": "clavulanic acid", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35996", "category_aro_accession": "0000079", "category_aro_class_name": "Adjuvant", "category_aro_description": "Clavulanic acid is a beta-lactamase inhibitor (marketed by GlaxoSmithKline, formerly Beecham) combined with penicillin group antibiotics to overcome certain types of antibiotic resistance. It is used to overcome resistance in bacteria that secrete beta-lactamase, which otherwise inactivates most penicillins."}, "36990": {"category_aro_name": "cefixime", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36990", "category_aro_accession": "3000646", "category_aro_class_name": "Antibiotic", "category_aro_description": "Cefixime is a cephalosporin resistant to most beta-lactamases. It is active against many enterobacteria, but activity against staphylococci is poor."}, "35979": {"category_aro_name": "ceftriaxone", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35979", "category_aro_accession": "0000062", "category_aro_class_name": "Antibiotic", "category_aro_description": "Ceftriaxone is a third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic. The presence of an aminothiazolyl sidechain increases ceftriazone's resistance to beta-lactamases. Like other third-generation cephalosporins, it has broad spectrum activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria."}, "40924": {"category_aro_name": "amoxicillin-clavulanic acid", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "40924", "category_aro_accession": "3003997", "category_aro_class_name": "Antibiotic", "category_aro_description": "An antibiotic cocktail containing the beta-lactam antibiotic Amoxicillin and the beta-lactamase inhibitor Clavulanic Acid (potassium clavulanate)."}, "35987": {"category_aro_name": "ertapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35987", "category_aro_accession": "0000070", "category_aro_class_name": "Antibiotic", "category_aro_description": "Ertapenem is a carbapenem antibiotic and is highly resistant to beta-lactamases like other carbapenems. It inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis."}}}}}, "3902": {"$update": {"ARO_description": "CMY-164 is a beta-lactamase found in Escherichia coli. It confers resistance to cephamycin. Detected directly from NCBI and submitted without publication on 26-JUN-2019.", "model_param": {"$update": {"blastp_bit_score": {"$update": {"param_value": "700"}}}}}}, "3903": {"$update": {"ARO_description": "CMY-161 is a beta-lactamase found in Escherichia coli. It confers resistance to cephamycin. Detected directly from NCBI and submitted without publication on 24-MAY-2018.", "model_param": {"$update": {"blastp_bit_score": {"$update": {"param_value": "700"}}}}}}, "3908": {"$update": {"ARO_description": "CMY-148 is a beta-lactamase found in Escherichia coli. It confers resistance to cephamycin. Detected directly from NCBI and submitted without publication on 01-MAY-2017.", "model_param": {"$update": {"blastp_bit_score": {"$update": {"param_value": "700"}}}}}}, "3909": {"$update": {"ARO_description": "CMY-163 is a beta-lactamase found in Escherichia coli. It confers resistance to cephamycin. Detected directly from NCBI and submitted without publication on 25-JUN-2018.", "model_param": {"$update": {"blastp_bit_score": {"$update": {"param_value": "700"}}}}}}, "1191": {"$update": {"ARO_category": {"$insert": {"43746": {"category_aro_name": "disinfecting agents and intercalating dyes", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "43746", "category_aro_accession": "3005386", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Molecules that intercalate DNA or act as disinfectants that also interact with antimicrobial resistance mechanisms, e.g. molecule efflux, and thus are the targets of disinfectant resistance."}}}}}, "45": {"$update": {"ARO_category": {"$insert": {"43746": {"category_aro_name": "disinfecting agents and intercalating dyes", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "43746", "category_aro_accession": "3005386", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Molecules that intercalate DNA or act as disinfectants that also interact with antimicrobial resistance mechanisms, e.g. molecule efflux, and thus are the targets of disinfectant resistance."}}}}}, "2223": {"$update": {"ARO_category": {"$insert": {"43746": {"category_aro_name": "disinfecting agents and intercalating dyes", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "43746", "category_aro_accession": "3005386", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Molecules that intercalate DNA or act as disinfectants that also interact with antimicrobial resistance mechanisms, e.g. molecule efflux, and thus are the targets of disinfectant resistance."}}}}}, "2035": {"$update": {"ARO_category": {"$insert": {"36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "35975": {"category_aro_name": "cefazolin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35975", "category_aro_accession": "0000058", "category_aro_class_name": "Antibiotic", "category_aro_description": "Cefazolin (INN), also known as cefazoline or cephazolin, is a first generation cephalosporin antibiotic. It is administered parenterally, and is active against a broad spectrum of bacteria."}, "36981": {"category_aro_name": "ampicillin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36981", "category_aro_accession": "3000637", "category_aro_class_name": "Antibiotic", "category_aro_description": "Ampicillin is a penicillin derivative that is highly acid stable, with its activity similar to benzylpenicillin."}}}}}, "3915": {"$update": {"ARO_description": "CMY-145 is a beta-lactamase found in Escherichia coli. It confers resistance to cephamycin. Detected directly from NCBI and submitted without publication on 18-JAN-2017.", "model_param": {"$update": {"blastp_bit_score": {"$update": {"param_value": "700"}}}}}}, "1442": {"$update": {"ARO_category": {"$insert": {"43746": {"category_aro_name": "disinfecting agents and intercalating dyes", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "43746", "category_aro_accession": "3005386", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Molecules that intercalate DNA or act as disinfectants that also interact with antimicrobial resistance mechanisms, e.g. molecule efflux, and thus are the targets of disinfectant resistance."}}}}}, "3917": {"$update": {"ARO_description": "CMY-96 is a beta-lactamase found in Citrobacter sp. It confers resistance to cephamycin. Detected directly from NCBI and submitted without publication on 09-NOV-2018.", "model_param": {"$update": {"blastp_bit_score": {"$update": {"param_value": "700"}}}}}}, "3916": {"$update": {"ARO_description": "CMY-122 is a beta-lactamase found in Citrobacter freundii. It confers resistance to cephamycin. Detected directly from NCBI and submitted without publication on 07-MAY-2016.", "model_param": {"$update": {"blastp_bit_score": {"$update": {"param_value": "700"}}}}}}, "618": {"$update": {"ARO_category": {"$insert": {"43746": {"category_aro_name": "disinfecting agents and intercalating dyes", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "43746", "category_aro_accession": "3005386", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Molecules that intercalate DNA or act as disinfectants that also interact with antimicrobial resistance mechanisms, e.g. molecule efflux, and thus are the targets of disinfectant resistance."}}}}}, "3914": {"$update": {"ARO_description": "CMY-125 is a beta-lactamase found in Citrobacter freundii. It confers resistance to cephamycin. Detected directly from NCBI and submitted without publication on 07-MAY-2016.", "model_param": {"$update": {"blastp_bit_score": {"$update": {"param_value": "700"}}}}}}, "3913": {"$update": {"ARO_description": "CMY-124 is a beta-lactamase found in Citrobacter freundii. It confers resistance to cephamycin. Detected directly from NCBI and submitted without publication on 07-JUN-2016.", "model_param": {"$update": {"blastp_bit_score": {"$update": {"param_value": "700"}}}}}}, "3912": {"$update": {"ARO_description": "CMY-141 is a beta-lactamase found in Escherichia coli. It confers resistance to cephamycin. Detected directly from NCBI and submitted without publication on 09-JUN-2018.", "model_param": {"$update": {"blastp_bit_score": {"$update": {"param_value": "700"}}}}}}, "3911": {"$update": {"ARO_description": "CMY-142 is a beta-lactamase found in Escherichia coli. It confers resistance to cephamycin. Detected directly from NCBI and submitted without publication on 05-JUN-2016.", "model_param": {"$update": {"blastp_bit_score": {"$update": {"param_value": "700"}}}}}}, "3910": {"$update": {"ARO_description": "CMY-154 is a beta-lactamase found in Escherichia coli. It confers resistance to cephamycin. Detected directly from NCBI and submitted without publication on 21-JUN-2017.", "model_param": {"$update": {"blastp_bit_score": {"$update": {"param_value": "700"}}}}}}, "3919": {"$update": {"ARO_description": "CMY-155 is a beta-lactamase found in Klebsiella sp. KF07. It confers resistance to cephamycin. Detected directly from NCBI and submitted without publication on 01-AUG-2017.", "model_param": {"$update": {"blastp_bit_score": {"$update": {"param_value": "700"}}}}}}, "3918": {"$update": {"ARO_description": "CMY-171 is a beta-lactamase found in Escherichia coli. It confers resistance to cephamycin. Detected directly from NCBI and submitted without publication on 14-APR-2020.", "model_param": {"$update": {"blastp_bit_score": {"$update": {"param_value": "700"}}}}}}, "_timestamp": "2021-04-23T16:39:24+00:00", "3786": {"$update": {"ARO_category": {"$insert": {"36526": {"category_aro_name": "phenicol antibiotic", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36526", "category_aro_accession": "3000387", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Phenicols are broad spectrum bacteriostatic antibiotics acting on bacterial protein synthesis. More specifically, the phenicols block peptide elongation by binding to the peptidyltansferase centre of the 70S ribosome."}, "36524": {"category_aro_name": "chloramphenicol", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36524", "category_aro_accession": "3000385", "category_aro_class_name": "Antibiotic", "category_aro_description": "Chloramphenicol is a bacteriostatic antimicrobial originally derived from the bacterium Streptomyces venezuelae. It was the first antibiotic to be manufactured synthetically on a large scale. It functions by inhibiting peptidyl transferase activity of the bacterial ribosome, binding to A2451 and A2452 residues in the 23S rRNA of the 50S ribosomal subunit and preventing peptide bond formation."}}}}}, "1975": {"$update": {"ARO_category": {"$insert": {"43746": {"category_aro_name": "disinfecting agents and intercalating dyes", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "43746", "category_aro_accession": "3005386", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Molecules that intercalate DNA or act as disinfectants that also interact with antimicrobial resistance mechanisms, e.g. molecule efflux, and thus are the targets of disinfectant resistance."}}}}}, "355": {"$update": {"ARO_category": {"$insert": {"35975": {"category_aro_name": "cefazolin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35975", "category_aro_accession": "0000058", "category_aro_class_name": "Antibiotic", "category_aro_description": "Cefazolin (INN), also known as cefazoline or cephazolin, is a first generation cephalosporin antibiotic. It is administered parenterally, and is active against a broad spectrum of bacteria."}, "40951": {"category_aro_name": "piperacillin-tazobactam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "40951", "category_aro_accession": "3004021", "category_aro_class_name": "Antibiotic", "category_aro_description": "An antibiotic cocktail containing the penam beta-lactam antibiotic Piperacillin and the beta-lactamase inhibitor Tazobactam."}, "35996": {"category_aro_name": "clavulanic acid", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35996", "category_aro_accession": "0000079", "category_aro_class_name": "Adjuvant", "category_aro_description": "Clavulanic acid is a beta-lactamase inhibitor (marketed by GlaxoSmithKline, formerly Beecham) combined with penicillin group antibiotics to overcome certain types of antibiotic resistance. It is used to overcome resistance in bacteria that secrete beta-lactamase, which otherwise inactivates most penicillins."}, "35995": {"category_aro_name": "piperacillin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35995", "category_aro_accession": "0000078", "category_aro_class_name": "Antibiotic", "category_aro_description": "Piperacillin is an acetylureidopenicillin and has an extended spectrum of targets relative to other beta-lactam antibiotics. It inhibits cell wall synthesis in bacteria, and is usually taken with the beta-lactamase inhibitor tazobactam to overcome penicillin-resistant bacteria."}, "35994": {"category_aro_name": "tazobactam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35994", "category_aro_accession": "0000077", "category_aro_class_name": "Adjuvant", "category_aro_description": "Tazobactam is a compound which inhibits the action of bacterial beta-lactamases."}, "40924": {"category_aro_name": "amoxicillin-clavulanic acid", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "40924", "category_aro_accession": "3003997", "category_aro_class_name": "Antibiotic", "category_aro_description": "An antibiotic cocktail containing the beta-lactam antibiotic Amoxicillin and the beta-lactamase inhibitor Clavulanic Acid (potassium clavulanate)."}}}}}, "352": {"$update": {"ARO_category": {"$insert": {"36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "35975": {"category_aro_name": "cefazolin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35975", "category_aro_accession": "0000058", "category_aro_class_name": "Antibiotic", "category_aro_description": "Cefazolin (INN), also known as cefazoline or cephazolin, is a first generation cephalosporin antibiotic. It is administered parenterally, and is active against a broad spectrum of bacteria."}, "37084": {"category_aro_name": "cefalotin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "37084", "category_aro_accession": "3000704", "category_aro_class_name": "Antibiotic", "category_aro_description": "Cefalotin is a semisynthetic cephalosporin antibiotic activate against staphylococci. It is resistant to staphylococci beta-lactamases but hydrolyzed by enterobacterial beta-lactamases."}, "35962": {"category_aro_name": "cephamycin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35962", "category_aro_accession": "0000044", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephamycins are a group of beta-lactam antibiotics, very similar to cephalosporins. Together with cephalosporins, they form a sub-group of antibiotics known as cephems. Cephamycins are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms. The 7-alpha-methoxy group increases resistance to beta-lactamases."}, "35981": {"category_aro_name": "amoxicillin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35981", "category_aro_accession": "0000064", "category_aro_class_name": "Antibiotic", "category_aro_description": "Amoxicillin is a moderate-spectrum, bacteriolytic, beta-lactam antibiotic used to treat bacterial infections caused by susceptible microorganisms. A derivative of penicillin, it has a wider range of treatment but remains relatively ineffective against Gram-negative bacteria. It is commonly taken with clavulanic acid, a beta-lactamase inhibitor. Like other beta-lactams, amoxicillin interferes with the synthesis of peptidoglycan."}, "36981": {"category_aro_name": "ampicillin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36981", "category_aro_accession": "3000637", "category_aro_class_name": "Antibiotic", "category_aro_description": "Ampicillin is a penicillin derivative that is highly acid stable, with its activity similar to benzylpenicillin."}, "35996": {"category_aro_name": "clavulanic acid", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35996", "category_aro_accession": "0000079", "category_aro_class_name": "Adjuvant", "category_aro_description": "Clavulanic acid is a beta-lactamase inhibitor (marketed by GlaxoSmithKline, formerly Beecham) combined with penicillin group antibiotics to overcome certain types of antibiotic resistance. It is used to overcome resistance in bacteria that secrete beta-lactamase, which otherwise inactivates most penicillins."}, "36990": {"category_aro_name": "cefixime", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36990", "category_aro_accession": "3000646", "category_aro_class_name": "Antibiotic", "category_aro_description": "Cefixime is a cephalosporin resistant to most beta-lactamases. It is active against many enterobacteria, but activity against staphylococci is poor."}, "35979": {"category_aro_name": "ceftriaxone", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35979", "category_aro_accession": "0000062", "category_aro_class_name": "Antibiotic", "category_aro_description": "Ceftriaxone is a third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic. The presence of an aminothiazolyl sidechain increases ceftriazone's resistance to beta-lactamases. Like other third-generation cephalosporins, it has broad spectrum activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria."}, "35927": {"category_aro_name": "cefoxitin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35927", "category_aro_accession": "0000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Antibiotic", "category_aro_description": "Cefoxitin is a cephamycin antibiotic often grouped with the second generation cephalosporins. Cefoxitin is bactericidal and acts by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms. Cefoxitin's 7-alpha-methoxy group and 3' leaving group make it a poor substrate for most beta-lactamases."}, "40924": {"category_aro_name": "amoxicillin-clavulanic acid", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "40924", "category_aro_accession": "3003997", "category_aro_class_name": "Antibiotic", "category_aro_description": "An antibiotic cocktail containing the beta-lactam antibiotic Amoxicillin and the beta-lactamase inhibitor Clavulanic Acid (potassium clavulanate)."}}}}}, "3901": {"$update": {"ARO_description": "CMY-140 is a beta-lactamase found in Escherichia coli. It confers resistance to cephamycin. Detected directly from NCBI and submitted without publication on 09-JUN-2018.", "model_param": {"$update": {"blastp_bit_score": {"$update": {"param_value": "700"}}}}}}, "1368": {"$update": {"ARO_category": {"$insert": {"43746": {"category_aro_name": "disinfecting agents and intercalating dyes", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "43746", "category_aro_accession": "3005386", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Molecules that intercalate DNA or act as disinfectants that also interact with antimicrobial resistance mechanisms, e.g. molecule efflux, and thus are the targets of disinfectant resistance."}}}}}}, "$insert": {"3922": {"model_id": "3922", "ARO_accession": "3005207", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "578", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "a beta-lactamase gene found in Klebsiella pneumoniae. Directly submitted to NCBI without publication on 07-Nov-2018", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6285": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGCGTTTTATTCGCCTGTGTATTATCTCCCTGTTAGCCACCCTGCCGCTGGCGGTACACGCCAGCCCGCAGCCGCTTGAGCAAATTAAACTAAGCGAAAGCCAGCTGTCGGGCCGCGTAGGCATGATAGAAATGGATCTGGCCAGCGGCCGCACGCTGACCGCCTGGCGCGCCGATGAACGCTTTCCCATGATGAGCACCTTTAAAGTAGTGCTCTGCGGCGCAGTGCTGGCGCGGGTGGATGCCGGTGACGAACAGCTGGAGCGAAAGATCCACTATCGCCAGCAGGATCTGGTGGACTACTCGCCGGTCAGCGAAAAACATCTTGCCGACGGCATGACGGTCGGCGAACTCTGCGCCGCCGCCATTACCATGAGCGATAACAGCGCCGCCAATCTGCTGCTGGCCACCGTCGGCGGCCCCGCAGGATTGACTGCCTTTTTGCGCCAGATCGGCGACAACGTCACCCGCCTTGACCGCTGGGAAACGGAACTGAATGAGGCGCTTCCCGGCGACGCCCGCGACACCACTACCCCGGCCAGCATGGCCGCGACCCTGCGCAAGCTGCTGACCAGCCAGCGTCTGAGCGCCCGTTCGCAACGGCAGCTGCTGCAGTGGATGGTGGACGCTCGAGTCGCCGGACCGTTGATCCGCTCCGTGCTGCCGGCGGGCTGGTTTATCGCCGATAAGACCGGAGCTGGCGAACGGGGTGCGCGCGGGATTGTCGCCCTGCTTGGCCCGAATAACAAAGCAGAGCGCATCGTGGTGATTTATCTGCGGGATACCCCGGCGAGCATGGCCGAGCGAAATCAGCAAATCGCCGGGATCGGCGCGGCGCTGATCGAGCACTGGCAACGCTAA", "fmax": "861", "accession": "NG_062276.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Klebsiella pneumoniae", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "573", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "35915"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_122630863.1", "sequence": "MRFIRLCIISLLATLPLAVHASPQPLEQIKLSESQLSGRVGMIEMDLASGRTLTAWRADERFPMMSTFKVVLCGAVLARVDAGDEQLERKIHYRQQDLVDYSPVSEKHLADGMTVGELCAAAITMSDNSAANLLLATVGGPAGLTAFLRQIGDNVTRLDRWETELNEALPGDARDTTTPASMAATLRKLLTSQRLSARSQRQLLQWMVDARVAGPLIRSVLPAGWFIADKTGAGERGARGIVALLGPNNKAERIVVIYLRDTPASMAERNQQIAGIGAALIEHWQR"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "36024": {"category_aro_name": "SHV beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36024", "category_aro_accession": "3000015", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "SHV-1 shares 68 percent of its amino acids with TEM-1 and has a similar overall structure. The SHV-1 beta-lactamase is most commonly found in K. pneumoniae and is responsible for up to 20% of the plasmid-mediated ampicillin resistance in this species. ESBLs in this family also have amino acid changes around the active site, most commonly at positions 238 or 238 and 240. More than 60 SHV varieties are known."}}, "ARO_name": "SHV-205", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43563", "model_name": "SHV-205", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "3923": {"model_id": "3923", "ARO_accession": "3005208", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "582", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "A beta-lactamase gene from Klebsiella pneumoniae. Submitted directly to NCBI without publication on 07-NOV-2018", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6286": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGCGTTATTTTCGCCTGTGTATTATCTCTCTGTTAGCCACCCTGCCGCTGGCGGTACACGCCAGCCCGCAGCCGCTTGAGCAAATTAAACTAAGCGAAAGCCAGCTGTCGGGCCGCGTAGGCATGATAGAAATGGATCTGGCCAGCGGCCGCACGCTGACCGCCTGGCGCGCCGATGAACGCTTTCCCATGATGAGCACCTTTAAAGTAGTGCTCTGCGGCGCAGTGCTGGCGCGGGTGGATGCCGGTGACGAACAGCTGGAGCGAAAGATCCACTATCGCCAGCAGGATCTGGTGGACTACTCGCCGGTCAGCGAAAAACACCTTGCCGACGGCATGACGGTCGGCGAACTCTGTGCCGCCGCCATTACCATGAGCGATAACAGCGCCGCCAATCTGCTGCTGGCCACCGTCGGCGGCCCCGTAGGATTGACTGCCTTTTTGCGCCAGATCGGCGACAACGTCACCCGCCTTGACCGCTGGGAAACGGAACTGAATGAGGCGCTTCCCGGCGACGCCCGCGACACCACTACCCCGGCCAGCATGGCCGCGACCCTGCGCAAGCTGCTGACCAGCCAGCGTCTGAGCGCCCGTTCGCAACGGCAGCTGCTGCAGTGGATGGTGGACGATCGGGTCGCCGGACCGATGATCCGCTCCGTGCTGCCGGCGGGCTGGTTTATCGCCGATAAGACCGGAGCTGGCGAACGGGGTGCGCGCGGGATTGTCGCCCTGCTTGGCCCGAATAACAAAGCAGAGCGCATTGTGGTGATTTATCTGCGGGATACGCCGGCGAGCATGGCCGAGAGAAATCAGCAAATCGCCGGGATCGGCGCGGCGCTGATCGAGCACTGGCAACGCTAA", "fmax": "861", "accession": "NG_062294.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Klebsiella pneumoniae", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "573", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "35915"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_122630876.1", "sequence": "MRYFRLCIISLLATLPLAVHASPQPLEQIKLSESQLSGRVGMIEMDLASGRTLTAWRADERFPMMSTFKVVLCGAVLARVDAGDEQLERKIHYRQQDLVDYSPVSEKHLADGMTVGELCAAAITMSDNSAANLLLATVGGPVGLTAFLRQIGDNVTRLDRWETELNEALPGDARDTTTPASMAATLRKLLTSQRLSARSQRQLLQWMVDDRVAGPMIRSVLPAGWFIADKTGAGERGARGIVALLGPNNKAERIVVIYLRDTPASMAERNQQIAGIGAALIEHWQR"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "36024": {"category_aro_name": "SHV beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36024", "category_aro_accession": "3000015", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "SHV-1 shares 68 percent of its amino acids with TEM-1 and has a similar overall structure. The SHV-1 beta-lactamase is most commonly found in K. pneumoniae and is responsible for up to 20% of the plasmid-mediated ampicillin resistance in this species. ESBLs in this family also have amino acid changes around the active site, most commonly at positions 238 or 238 and 240. More than 60 SHV varieties are known."}}, "ARO_name": "SHV-222", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43564", "model_name": "SHV-222", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "3926": {"model_id": "3926", "ARO_accession": "3005211", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "580", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "Beta-lactamase gene from Klebsiella pneumoniae. Directly submitted to NCBI without publication", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6289": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGCGTTATATTCGCCTGTGTATTATCTCCCTGTTAGCCACCCTGCCGCTGGCGGTACACGCCAGCCCGCAGCCGCTTGAGCAAATTAAACTAAGCGAAAGCCAGCTGTCGGGCCGCGTAGGCATGATAGAAATGGATCTGGCCAGCGGCCGCACGCTGACCGCCTGGCACGCCGATGAACGCTTTCCCATGATGAGCACCTTTAAAGTAGTGCTCTGCGGCGCAGTGCTGGCGCGGATGGATGCCGGTGACGAACAGCTGGAGCGAAAGATCCACTATCGCCAGCAGGATCTGGTGGACTACTCGCCGGTCAGCGAAAAACACCTTGCCGACGGCATGACGGTCGGCGAACTCTGCGCCGCCGCCATTACCATGAGCGATAACAGCGCCGCCAATCTGCTGCTGGCCACCGTCGGCGGCCCCGCAGGATTGACTGCCTTTTTGCGCCAGATCGGCGACAACGTCACCCGCCTTGACCGCTGGGAAACGGAACTGAATGAGGCGCTTCCCGGCGACGCCCGCGACACCACTACCCCGGCCAGCATGGCCGCGACCCTGCGCAAGCTGCTGACCAGCCAGCGTCTGAGCGCCCGTTCGCAACGGCAGCTGCTGCAGTGGATGGTGGACGATCGGGTCGCCGGACCGTTGATCCGCTCCGTGCTGCCGGCGGGCTGGTTTATCGCCGATAAGACCGGAGCTGGCGAGCGGGGTGCGCGCGGGATTGTCGCCCTGCTTGGCCCGAATAACAAAGCAGAGCGCATCGTGGTGATTTATCTGCGGGATACGCCGGCGAGCATGGCCGAGCGAAATCAGCAAATCGCCGGGATCGGCGCGGCGCTGATCGAGCACTGGCAACGCTAA", "fmax": "861", "accession": "NG_062244.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Klebsiella pneumoniae", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "573", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "35915"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_122630838.1", "sequence": "MRYIRLCIISLLATLPLAVHASPQPLEQIKLSESQLSGRVGMIEMDLASGRTLTAWHADERFPMMSTFKVVLCGAVLARMDAGDEQLERKIHYRQQDLVDYSPVSEKHLADGMTVGELCAAAITMSDNSAANLLLATVGGPAGLTAFLRQIGDNVTRLDRWETELNEALPGDARDTTTPASMAATLRKLLTSQRLSARSQRQLLQWMVDDRVAGPLIRSVLPAGWFIADKTGAGERGARGIVALLGPNNKAERIVVIYLRDTPASMAERNQQIAGIGAALIEHWQR"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "36024": {"category_aro_name": "SHV beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36024", "category_aro_accession": "3000015", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "SHV-1 shares 68 percent of its amino acids with TEM-1 and has a similar overall structure. The SHV-1 beta-lactamase is most commonly found in K. pneumoniae and is responsible for up to 20% of the plasmid-mediated ampicillin resistance in this species. ESBLs in this family also have amino acid changes around the active site, most commonly at positions 238 or 238 and 240. More than 60 SHV varieties are known."}}, "ARO_name": "SHV-201", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43567", "model_name": "SHV-201", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "3927": {"model_id": "3927", "ARO_accession": "3005212", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "580", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "A beta-lactamase gene from Klebsiella pneumoniae. Directly submitted to NCBI without publication on 07-NOV-2018", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6290": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGCGTTATATTCGCCTGTGTATTATCTCCCTGTTAGCCACCCTGCCGCTGGCGGTACACGCCAGCCCGCAGCCGCTTGAGCAAATTAAACTAAGCGAAAGCCAGCTGTCGGGCCGCGTAGGCATGATAGAAATGGATCTGGCCAGCGGCCGCACGCTGACCGCCTGGCGCGCCGATGAACGCTTTCCCATGATGAGCACCTTTAAAGTAGTGCTCTGCGGCGCAGTGCTGGCGCGGATGGATGCCGGTGACGAACAGCTGGAGCGAAAGATCCACTATCGCCAGCAGGATCTGGTGGACTACTCGCCGGTCAGCGAAAAACATCTTGCCGACGGCATGACGGTCGGCGAACTCTGCGCCGCCGCCATTACCATGAGCGATAACAGCGCCGCCAATCTGCTGCTGGCCACCGTCGGCGGCCCCGCAGGATTGACTGCCTTTTTGCGCCAGATCGGCGACAACGTCACCCGCCTTGACCGCTGGGAAACGGAACTGAATGAGGCGCTTCCCGGCGACGCCCGCGACACCACTACCCCGGCCAGCATGGCCGCGACCCTGCGCAAGCTGCTGACCAGCCAGCGTCTGAGCGCCCGTTCGCAACGGCAGCTGCTGCAGTGGATGGTGGACGATCGAGTCGCCGGACCGTTGATCCGCTCCGTGCTGCCGGCGGGCTGGTTTATCGCCGATAAGACCGGAGCTGGCGAACGGGGTGCGCGCGGGATTGTCGCCCTGCTTGGCCCGAATAACAAAGCAGAGCGCATCGTGGTGATTTATCTGCGGGATACCCCGGCGAGCATGGCCGAGCGAAATCAGCAAATCGCCGGGATCGGCGCGGCGCTGATCGAGCACTGGCAACGCTAA", "fmax": "861", "accession": "NG_062284.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Klebsiella pneumoniae", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "573", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "35915"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_122630867.1", "sequence": "MRYIRLCIISLLATLPLAVHASPQPLEQIKLSESQLSGRVGMIEMDLASGRTLTAWRADERFPMMSTFKVVLCGAVLARMDAGDEQLERKIHYRQQDLVDYSPVSEKHLADGMTVGELCAAAITMSDNSAANLLLATVGGPAGLTAFLRQIGDNVTRLDRWETELNEALPGDARDTTTPASMAATLRKLLTSQRLSARSQRQLLQWMVDDRVAGPLIRSVLPAGWFIADKTGAGERGARGIVALLGPNNKAERIVVIYLRDTPASMAERNQQIAGIGAALIEHWQR"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "36024": {"category_aro_name": "SHV beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36024", "category_aro_accession": "3000015", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "SHV-1 shares 68 percent of its amino acids with TEM-1 and has a similar overall structure. The SHV-1 beta-lactamase is most commonly found in K. pneumoniae and is responsible for up to 20% of the plasmid-mediated ampicillin resistance in this species. ESBLs in this family also have amino acid changes around the active site, most commonly at positions 238 or 238 and 240. More than 60 SHV varieties are known."}}, "ARO_name": "SHV-212", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43568", "model_name": "SHV-212", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "3924": {"model_id": "3924", "ARO_accession": "3005209", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "580", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "A beta-lactamase gene from Klebsiella pneumoniae. Submitted directly to NCBI without publication on 10-AGU-2017", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6287": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGCGTTATTTTCGCCTGTGTATTATCTCCCTGTTAGCCACCCTGCCGCTGGCGGTACACGCCAGCCCGCAGTCGCTTGAGCAAATTAAACTAAGCGAAAGCCAGCTGTCGGGCCGCGTAGGCATGATAGAAATGGATCTGGCCAGCGGCCGCACGCTGACCGCCTGGCGCGCCGATGAACGCTTTCCCATGATGAGCACCTTTAAAGTAGTGCTCTGCGGCGCAGTGCTGGCGCGGGTGGATGCCGGTGACGAACAGCTGGAGCGAAAGATCCACTATCGCCAGCAGGATCTGGTGGACTACTCGCCGGTCAGCGAAAAACACCTTGCCGACGGCATGACGGTCGGCGAACTCTGTGCCGCCGCCATTACCATGAGCGATAACAGCGCCGCCAATCTGCTGCTGGCCACCGTCGGCGGCCCCGTAGGATTGACTGCCTTTTTGCGCCAGATCGGCGACAACGTCACCCGCCTTGACCGCTGGGAAACGGAACTGAATGAGGCGCTTCCCGGCGACGCCCGCGACACCACTACCCCGGCCAGCATGGCCGCGACCCTGCGCAAGCTGCTGACCAGCCAGCGTCTGAGCGCCCGTTCGCAACGGCAGCTGCTGCAGTGGATGGTGGACGATCGGGTCGCCGGACCGTTGATCCGCTCCGTGCTGCCGGCGGGCTGGTTTATCGCCGATAAGACCGGAGCTGGCGAACGGGGTGCGCGCGGGATTGTCGCCCTGCTTGGCCCGAATAACAAAGCAGAGCGGATTGTGGTGATTTATCTGCGGGATACGCCGGCGAGCATGGCCGAGCGAAATCAGCAAATCGCCGGGATCGGCGCGGCGCTGATCGAGCACTGGCAACGCTAA", "fmax": "861", "accession": "NG_055284.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Klebsiella pneumoniae", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "573", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "35915"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_088245226.1", "sequence": "MRYFRLCIISLLATLPLAVHASPQSLEQIKLSESQLSGRVGMIEMDLASGRTLTAWRADERFPMMSTFKVVLCGAVLARVDAGDEQLERKIHYRQQDLVDYSPVSEKHLADGMTVGELCAAAITMSDNSAANLLLATVGGPVGLTAFLRQIGDNVTRLDRWETELNEALPGDARDTTTPASMAATLRKLLTSQRLSARSQRQLLQWMVDDRVAGPLIRSVLPAGWFIADKTGAGERGARGIVALLGPNNKAERIVVIYLRDTPASMAERNQQIAGIGAALIEHWQR"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "36024": {"category_aro_name": "SHV beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36024", "category_aro_accession": "3000015", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "SHV-1 shares 68 percent of its amino acids with TEM-1 and has a similar overall structure. The SHV-1 beta-lactamase is most commonly found in K. pneumoniae and is responsible for up to 20% of the plasmid-mediated ampicillin resistance in this species. ESBLs in this family also have amino acid changes around the active site, most commonly at positions 238 or 238 and 240. More than 60 SHV varieties are known."}}, "ARO_name": "SHV-198", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43565", "model_name": "SHV-198", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "3925": {"model_id": "3925", "ARO_accession": "3005210", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "580", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "Beta-lactamase gene from Klebsiella pneumoniae. Directly submitted to NCBI without publication.", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6288": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGCGTTATATTCGCCTGTGTATTATCTCCCTGTTAGCCAACCTGCCGCTGGCGGTACACGCCAGCCCGCAGCCGCTTGAGCAAATTAAACTAAGCGAAAGCCAGCTGTCGGGCCGCGTAGGCATGATAGAAATGGATCTGGCCAGCGGCCGCACGCTGACCGCCTGGCGCGCCGATGAACGCTTTCCCATGATGAGCACCTTTAAAGTAGTGCTCTGCGGCGCAGTGCTGGCGCGGGTGGATGCCGGTGACGAACAGCTGGAGCGAAAGATCCACTATCGCCAGCAGGATCTGGTGGACTACTCGCCGGTCAGCGAAAAACACCTTGCCGACGGCATGACGGTCGGCGAACTCTGTGCCGCCGCCATTACCATGAGCGATAACAGCGCCGCCAATCTGCTGCTGGCCACCGTCGGCGGCCCCGCAGGATTGACTGCCTTTTTGCGCCAGATCGGCGACAACGTCACCCGCCTTGACCGCTGGGAAACGGAACTGAATGAGGCGCTTTCCGGCGACGCCCGCGACACCACTACCCCGGCCAGCATGGCCGCGACCCTGCGCAAGCTGCTGACCAGCCAGCGTCTGAGCGCCCGTTCGCAACGGCAGCTGCTGCAGTGGATGGTGGACGATCGGGTCGCCGGACCGTTGATCCGCTCCGTGCTGCCGGCGGGCTGGTTTATCGCCGATAAGACCGGAGCTGGCGAACGGGGTGCGCGCGGGATTGTCGCCCTGCTTGGCCCGAATAACAAAGCAGAGCGGATTGTGGTGATTTATCTGCGGGATACGCCGGCGAGCATGGCCGAGCGAAATCAGCAAATCGCCGGGATCGGCGCGGCGCTGATCGAGCACTGGCAACGCTAA", "fmax": "861", "accession": "NG_051484.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Klebsiella pneumoniae", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "573", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "35915"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_068981648.1", "sequence": "MRYIRLCIISLLANLPLAVHASPQPLEQIKLSESQLSGRVGMIEMDLASGRTLTAWRADERFPMMSTFKVVLCGAVLARVDAGDEQLERKIHYRQQDLVDYSPVSEKHLADGMTVGELCAAAITMSDNSAANLLLATVGGPAGLTAFLRQIGDNVTRLDRWETELNEALSGDARDTTTPASMAATLRKLLTSQRLSARSQRQLLQWMVDDRVAGPLIRSVLPAGWFIADKTGAGERGARGIVALLGPNNKAERIVVIYLRDTPASMAERNQQIAGIGAALIEHWQR"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "36024": {"category_aro_name": "SHV beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36024", "category_aro_accession": "3000015", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "SHV-1 shares 68 percent of its amino acids with TEM-1 and has a similar overall structure. The SHV-1 beta-lactamase is most commonly found in K. pneumoniae and is responsible for up to 20% of the plasmid-mediated ampicillin resistance in this species. ESBLs in this family also have amino acid changes around the active site, most commonly at positions 238 or 238 and 240. More than 60 SHV varieties are known."}}, "ARO_name": "SHV-195", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43566", "model_name": "SHV-195", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "3928": {"model_id": "3928", "ARO_accession": "3005213", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "700", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "A beta-lactamase gene from Klebsiella pneumoniae. Submitted directly to NCBI without publication on 26-JUN-2018", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6291": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGCGTTATATTCGCCTGTGTATTATCTCCCTGTTAGCCACCCTGCCGCTGGCGGTACACGCCAGCCCGCAGCCGCTTGAGCAAATTAAACTAAGCGAAAGCCAGCTGTCGGGCCGCGTAGGCATGATAGAAATGGATCTGGCCAGCGGCCGCACGCTGACCGCCTGGCGCGCCGATGAACGCTTTCCCATGATGAGCACCTTTAAAGTAGTGCTCTGCGGCGCAGTGCTGGCGCGGGTGGATGCCGATGACGAACAGCTGGAGCGAAAGATCCACTATCGCCAGCAGGATCTGGTGGACTACTCGCCGGTCAGCGAAAAATACCTTGCCGACGGCATGACGGTCGGCGAACTCTGTGCCGCCGCCATTACCATGAGCGATAACAGCGCCGCCAATCTGCTGCTGGCCACCGTCGGCGGCCCCGTAGGATTGACTGCCTTTTTGCGCCAGATCGGCGACAACGTCACCCGCCTTGACCGCTGGGAAACGGAACTGAATGAGGCGCTTCCCGGCGACGCCCGCGACACCACTACCCCGGCCAGCATGGCCGCGACCCTGCGCAAGCTGCTGACCAGCCAGCGTCTGAGCGCCCGTTCGCAACGGCAGCTGCTGCAGTGGATGGTGGACGATCGGGTCGCCGGACCGTTGATCCGCTCCGTGCTGCCGGCGGGCTGGTTTATCGCCGATAAGACCGGAGCTGGCGAACGGGGTGCGCGCGGGATTGTCGCCCTGCTTGGCCCGAATAACAAAGCAGAGCGCATTGTGGTGATTTATCTGCGGGATACGCCGGCGAGCATGGCCGAGCGAAATCAGCAAATCGCCGGGATCGGCGCGGCGCTGATCGAGCACTGGCAACGCTAA", "fmax": "861", "accession": "NG_057611.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Klebsiella pneumoniae", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "573", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "35915"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_109791212.1", "sequence": "MRYIRLCIISLLATLPLAVHASPQPLEQIKLSESQLSGRVGMIEMDLASGRTLTAWRADERFPMMSTFKVVLCGAVLARVDADDEQLERKIHYRQQDLVDYSPVSEKYLADGMTVGELCAAAITMSDNSAANLLLATVGGPVGLTAFLRQIGDNVTRLDRWETELNEALPGDARDTTTPASMAATLRKLLTSQRLSARSQRQLLQWMVDDRVAGPLIRSVLPAGWFIADKTGAGERGARGIVALLGPNNKAERIVVIYLRDTPASMAERNQQIAGIGAALIEHWQR"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "36024": {"category_aro_name": "SHV beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36024", "category_aro_accession": "3000015", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "SHV-1 shares 68 percent of its amino acids with TEM-1 and has a similar overall structure. The SHV-1 beta-lactamase is most commonly found in K. pneumoniae and is responsible for up to 20% of the plasmid-mediated ampicillin resistance in this species. ESBLs in this family also have amino acid changes around the active site, most commonly at positions 238 or 238 and 240. More than 60 SHV varieties are known."}}, "ARO_name": "SHV-204", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43569", "model_name": "SHV-204", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "3929": {"model_id": "3929", "ARO_accession": "3005214", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "580", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "A beta-lactamase gene from Escherichia coli. Directly submitted to NCBI without publication on 05-JAN-2017", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6292": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGCGTTATATTCGCCTGTGTATTATCTCCCTGTTAGCCACCCTGCCGCTGGCGGTACACGCCAGCCCGCAGCCGCTTGAGCAAATTAAACTAAGCGAAAGCCAGCTGTCGGGCCGCGTAGGCATGATAGAAATGGATCTGGCCAGCGGCCGCACGCTGACCGCCTGGCGCGCCGATGAACGCTTTCCCATGATGAGCACCTTTAAAGTAGTGCTCTGCGGCGCAGTGCTGGCGCGGGTGGATGCCGGTGACGAACAGCTGGAGCGAAAGATCCACTATCGCCAGCAGGATCTGGTGGACTACTCGCCGGTCAGCGAAAAACACCTTGCCGACGGCATGACGGTCGGCGAACTCTGCGCCGCCGCCATTACCATGAGCGATAACGGCGCCGCCAATCTGCTACTGGCCACCGTCGGCGGCCCCGCAGGATTGACTGCCTTTTTGCGCCAGATCGGCGACAACGTCACCCGCCTTGACCGCTGGGAAACGGAACTGAATGAGGCGCTTCCCGGCGACGCCCGCGACACCACTACCCCGGCCAGCATGGCCGCGACCCTGCGTAAGCTGCTGACCAGCCAGCGTCTGAGCGCCCGTTCGCAACGGCAGCTGCTGCAGTGGATGGTGGACGATCGGGTCGCCGGACCGTTGATCCGCTCCGTGCTGCCGGCGGGCTGGTTTATCGCCGATAAGACCGGAGCTGGCGAGCGGGGTGCGCGCGGGATTGTCGCCCTGCTTGGCCCGAATAACAAAGCAGAGCGCATTGTGGTGATTTATCTGCGGGATACCCCGGCGAGCATGGCCGAGCGAAATCAGCAAATCGCCGGGATCGGCGCGGCGCTGATCGAGCACTGGCAACGCTAA", "fmax": "861", "accession": "NG_052582.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Escherichia coli", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "562", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "35914"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_072081993.1", "sequence": "MRYIRLCIISLLATLPLAVHASPQPLEQIKLSESQLSGRVGMIEMDLASGRTLTAWRADERFPMMSTFKVVLCGAVLARVDAGDEQLERKIHYRQQDLVDYSPVSEKHLADGMTVGELCAAAITMSDNGAANLLLATVGGPAGLTAFLRQIGDNVTRLDRWETELNEALPGDARDTTTPASMAATLRKLLTSQRLSARSQRQLLQWMVDDRVAGPLIRSVLPAGWFIADKTGAGERGARGIVALLGPNNKAERIVVIYLRDTPASMAERNQQIAGIGAALIEHWQR"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "36024": {"category_aro_name": "SHV beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36024", "category_aro_accession": "3000015", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "SHV-1 shares 68 percent of its amino acids with TEM-1 and has a similar overall structure. The SHV-1 beta-lactamase is most commonly found in K. pneumoniae and is responsible for up to 20% of the plasmid-mediated ampicillin resistance in this species. ESBLs in this family also have amino acid changes around the active site, most commonly at positions 238 or 238 and 240. More than 60 SHV varieties are known."}}, "ARO_name": "SHV-197", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43570", "model_name": "SHV-197", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4026": {"model_id": "4026", "ARO_accession": "3005294", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "800", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "PDC-461 is a class C beta-lactamase found in Pseudomonas aeruginosa", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6392": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGCGCGATACCAGATTCCCCTGCCTGTGCGGCATCGCCGCTTCCACACTGCTGTTCGCCACCACCCCGGCCATTGCCGGCGAGGCCCCGGCGGATCGCCTGAAGGCACTGGTCGACGCCGCCGTACAACCGGTGATGAAGGCCAATGACATTCCGGGCCTGGCCGTAGCCATCAGCCTGAAAGGAGAACCGCATTACTTCAGCTATGGGCTGGCCTCGAAAGAGGACGGCCGCCGGGTGACGCCGGAGACCCTGTTCGAGATCGGCTCGGTGAGCAAGACCTTCACCGCCACCCTAGCCGGCTATGCCCTGGCCCAGGACAAGATGCGCCTCGACGACCGCGTCAGCCAGCACTGGCCGGCACTGCAGGGCAGCCGCTTCGACGGCATCAGCCTGCTCGACCTCGCGACCTATACCGCCGGCGGCTTGCCGCTGAAGTTCCCCGACTCGGTGCAGAAGGACCAGGCACAGATCCGCGACTACTACCGCCAGTGGCAGCCGACCTACGCGCCGGGCAGCCAGCGCCTCTATTCCAACCCGAGCATCGGCCTGTTCGGCTATCTCGCCGCGCGCAGCCTGGGCCAGCCGTTCGAACGACTCATGGAGCAGCAAGTGTTCCCGGCACTGGGCCTCGAACAGACCCACCTCGACGTGCCCGAGGCGGCGCTGGCGCAGTACGCCCAGGGCTACGGCAAGGACGACCGCCCCCTACGGGCCGGTCCCGGCCCGCTGGATGCCGAAGGCTACGGGGTGAAGACCAGCGCGGCCGACCTGCTGCGCTTCGTCGATGCCAACCTGCATCCGGAGCGCCTGGACAGGCCCTGGGCGCAGGCGCTCGATGCCACCCATCGCGGTTACTACAAGGTCGGCGACATGACCCAGGGCCTGGGCTGGGAAGCCTACGACTGGCCGATCTCCCTGAAGCGCCTGCAGGCCGGCAACTCGACGCCGATGGCGCTGCAACCGCACAGGATCGCCAGGCTGCCCGCGCCACAGGCGCTGGAGGGCCAGCGCCTGCTGAACAAGACCGGTTCCACCAACGGCTTCGGCGCCTACGTGGCGTTCGTCCCGGGCCGCGACCTGGGACTGGTGATCCTGGCCAACCGCAACTATCCCAATGCCGAGCGGGTGAAGATCGCCTACGCCATCCTCAGCGGCCTGGAGCAGCAGGGCAAGGTGCCGCTGAAGCGCTGA", "fmax": "1194", "accession": "NG_071219.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Pseudomonas aeruginosa", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "287", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "36752"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_197749410.1", "sequence": "MRDTRFPCLCGIAASTLLFATTPAIAGEAPADRLKALVDAAVQPVMKANDIPGLAVAISLKGEPHYFSYGLASKEDGRRVTPETLFEIGSVSKTFTATLAGYALAQDKMRLDDRVSQHWPALQGSRFDGISLLDLATYTAGGLPLKFPDSVQKDQAQIRDYYRQWQPTYAPGSQRLYSNPSIGLFGYLAARSLGQPFERLMEQQVFPALGLEQTHLDVPEAALAQYAQGYGKDDRPLRAGPGPLDAEGYGVKTSAADLLRFVDANLHPERLDRPWAQALDATHRGYYKVGDMTQGLGWEAYDWPISLKRLQAGNSTPMALQPHRIARLPAPQALEGQRLLNKTGSTNGFGAYVAFVPGRDLGLVILANRNYPNAERVKIAYAILSGLEQQGKVPLKR"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36237": {"category_aro_name": "PDC beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36237", "category_aro_accession": "3000098", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "PDC beta-lactamases are class C beta-lactamases that are found in Pseudomonas aeruginosa."}, "35923": {"category_aro_name": "monobactam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35923", "category_aro_accession": "0000004", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Monobactams are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Unlike penams and cephems, monobactams do not have any ring fused to its four-member lactam structure. Monobactam antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}}, "ARO_name": "PDC-461", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43651", "model_name": "PDC-461", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4027": {"model_id": "4027", "ARO_accession": "3005295", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "800", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "PDC-19a is a class C beta-lactamase found in Pseudomonas (multispecies)", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6393": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGCGCGATACCAGATTCCCCTGCCTGTGCGGCATCGCCGCTTCCACACTGCTGTTCGCCACCACCCCGGCCATTGCCGATGAGGCCCCGGCGGATCGCCTGAAGGCACTGGTCGACGCCGCCGTACAACCGGTGATGAAGGCCAATGACATTCCGGGCTTGGCCGTAGCCATCAGCCTGAAAGGAGAACCGCATTACTTCAGCTATGGGCTGGCCTCGAAAGAGGACGGCCGCCGGGTGACGCCGGAGACCCTGTTCGAGATCGGCTCGGTGAGCAAGACCTTCACCGCCACCCTCGCCGGCTATGCCCTGGCCCAGGACAAGATGCGCCTCGACGACCGCGCCAGCCAGCACTGGCCGGCGCTGCAGGGCAGCCGCTTCGACGGCATCAGCCTGCTCGACCTCGCGACCTATACCGCCGGCGGCTTGCCGCTGCAGTTCCCCGACTCGGTGCAGAAGGACCAGGCACAGATCCGCGACTACTACCGCCAGTGGCAGCCGACCTACGCGCCGGGCAGCCAGCGCCTCTATTCCAACCCGAGCATCGGCCTGTTCGGCTATCTCGCCGCGCGCAGCCTGGGCCAGCCGTTCGAACGGCTCATGGAGCAGCAATTGTTCCCGGCACTGGGCCTCGAACAGACCCACCTCGACGTGCCCGAGGCGGCGCTGGCGCAGTACGCCCAGGGCTACGGCAAGGACGACCGCCCGCTACGGGTCGGTCCCGGCCCGCTGGATGCCGAAGGCTACGGGGTGAAGACCAGCGCGGCCGACCTGCTGCGCTTCGTCGATGCCAACCTGCATCCGGAGCGCCTGGACAGGCCCTGGGCGCAGGCGCTCGATGCCACCCATCGCGGTTACTACAAGGTCGGCGACATGACCCAGGGCCTGGGCTGGGAAGCCTACGACTGGCCGATCTCCCTGAAGCGCCTGCAGGCCGGCAACTCGACGCCGATGGCGCTGCAACCACACAGGATCGCCAGGCTGCCCGCGCCACAGGCGCTGGAGGGCCAGCGCCTGCTGAACAAGACCGGCTCCACCAACGGCTTCGGCGCCTACGTGGCGTTCATTCCGGGCCGCGACCTGGGCCTGGTGATCCTGGCCAACCGCAACTATCCCAATGCCGAGCGGGTGAAGATCGCCTACGCCATCCTCAGCGGCCTGGAGCAGCAGGCCAAGGTGCCGCTGAAGCGCTGA", "fmax": "1194", "accession": "NG_049889.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Pseudomonas", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "286", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "37066"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_003132320.1", "sequence": "MRDTRFPCLCGIAASTLLFATTPAIADEAPADRLKALVDAAVQPVMKANDIPGLAVAISLKGEPHYFSYGLASKEDGRRVTPETLFEIGSVSKTFTATLAGYALAQDKMRLDDRASQHWPALQGSRFDGISLLDLATYTAGGLPLQFPDSVQKDQAQIRDYYRQWQPTYAPGSQRLYSNPSIGLFGYLAARSLGQPFERLMEQQLFPALGLEQTHLDVPEAALAQYAQGYGKDDRPLRVGPGPLDAEGYGVKTSAADLLRFVDANLHPERLDRPWAQALDATHRGYYKVGDMTQGLGWEAYDWPISLKRLQAGNSTPMALQPHRIARLPAPQALEGQRLLNKTGSTNGFGAYVAFIPGRDLGLVILANRNYPNAERVKIAYAILSGLEQQAKVPLKR"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36237": {"category_aro_name": "PDC beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36237", "category_aro_accession": "3000098", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "PDC beta-lactamases are class C beta-lactamases that are found in Pseudomonas aeruginosa."}, "35923": {"category_aro_name": "monobactam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35923", "category_aro_accession": "0000004", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Monobactams are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Unlike penams and cephems, monobactams do not have any ring fused to its four-member lactam structure. Monobactam antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}}, "ARO_name": "PDC-19a", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43652", "model_name": "PDC-19a", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4024": {"model_id": "4024", "ARO_accession": "3005292", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "800", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "PDC-19b is a class C beta-lactamase found in Pseudomonas aeruginosa", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6390": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGCGCGATACCAGATTCTCCTGCCTGTGCGGCATCGCCGCTTCCACACTGCTGTTCGCCACCACCCCGGCCATTGCCGATGAGGCCCCGGCGGATCGCCTGAAGGCACTGGTCGACGCCGCCGTACAACCGGTGATGAAGGCCAATGACATTCCGGGCCTGGCCGTAGCCATCAGCCTGAAAGGAGAACCGCATTACTTCAGCTATGGGCTGGCCTCGAAAGAGGACGGCCGCCGGGTGACGCCGGAGACCCTGTTCGAGATCGGCTCGGTGAGCAAGACCTTCACCACCACCCTCGCCGGCTATGCCCTGGCCCAGGACAAGATGCGCCTCGACGACCGCGCCAGCCAGCACTGGCCGGCGCTGCAGGGCAGCCGCTTCGACGGCATCAGCCTGCTCGACCTCGCGACCTATACCGCCGGCGGCTTGCCGCTGCAGTTCCCCGACTCGGTGCAGAAGGACCAGGCACAGATCCGCGACTACTACCGCCAGTGGCAGCCGACCTACGCGCCGGGCAGTCAGCGCCTCTATTCCAACCCGAGCATCGGCCTGTTCGGCTATCTCGCCGCGCGCAGCCTGGGCCAGCCGTTCGAACGGCTCATGGAGCAGCAATTGTTCCCGGCACTGGGCCTCGAACAGACCCACCTCGACGTGCCCGAGGCGGCGCTGGCGCAGTACGCCCAGGGCTACGGCAAGGACGACCGCCCGCTACGGGTCGGTCCCGGCCCGCTGGATGCCGAAGGCTACGGGGTGAAGACCAGCGCGGCCGACCTGCTGCGCTTCGTCGATGCCAACCTGCATCCGGAGCGCCTGGACAGGCCCTGGGCGCAGGCGCTCGATGCCACCCATCGCGGTTACTACAAGGTCGGCGACATGACCCAGGGCCTGGGCTGGGAAGCCTACGACTGGCCGATCTCCCTGAAGCGCCTGCAGGCCGGCAACTCGACGCCGATGGCGCTGCAACCACACAGGATCGCCAGGCTGCCCGCGCCACAGGCGCTGGAGGGCCAGCGCCTGCTGAACAAGACCGGCTCCACCAACGGCTTCGGCGCCTACGTGGCGTTCGTCCCGGGCCGCGACCTGGGCCTGGTGATCCTGGCCAACCGCAACTATCCCAATGCCGAGCGGGTGAAGATCGCCTACGCCATCCTCAGCGGCCTGGAGCAGCAGGCCAAGGTGCCGCTGAAGCGCTGA", "fmax": "1194", "accession": "NG_049890.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Pseudomonas aeruginosa", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "287", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "36752"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_023874922.1", "sequence": "MRDTRFSCLCGIAASTLLFATTPAIADEAPADRLKALVDAAVQPVMKANDIPGLAVAISLKGEPHYFSYGLASKEDGRRVTPETLFEIGSVSKTFTTTLAGYALAQDKMRLDDRASQHWPALQGSRFDGISLLDLATYTAGGLPLQFPDSVQKDQAQIRDYYRQWQPTYAPGSQRLYSNPSIGLFGYLAARSLGQPFERLMEQQLFPALGLEQTHLDVPEAALAQYAQGYGKDDRPLRVGPGPLDAEGYGVKTSAADLLRFVDANLHPERLDRPWAQALDATHRGYYKVGDMTQGLGWEAYDWPISLKRLQAGNSTPMALQPHRIARLPAPQALEGQRLLNKTGSTNGFGAYVAFVPGRDLGLVILANRNYPNAERVKIAYAILSGLEQQAKVPLKR"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36237": {"category_aro_name": "PDC beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36237", "category_aro_accession": "3000098", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "PDC beta-lactamases are class C beta-lactamases that are found in Pseudomonas aeruginosa."}, "35923": {"category_aro_name": "monobactam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35923", "category_aro_accession": "0000004", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Monobactams are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Unlike penams and cephems, monobactams do not have any ring fused to its four-member lactam structure. Monobactam antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}}, "ARO_name": "PDC-19b", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43649", "model_name": "PDC-19b", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4025": {"model_id": "4025", "ARO_accession": "3005293", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "800", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "PDC-380 is a class C beta-lactamase found in Pseudomonas aeruginosa", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6391": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGCGCGATACCAGATTCCCCTGCCTGTGCGGCATCGCCGCTTCCACACTGCTGTTCGCCACCACCCCGGCCATTGCCGGCGAGGCCCCGACGGATCGCCTGAAGGCACTGGTCGACGCCGCCGTACAACCGGTGATGAAGGCCAATGACATTCCGGGCCTGGCCGTAGCCATCAGCCTGAAAGGAGAACCGCATTACTTCAGCTATGGGCTGGCCTCGAAAGAGGACGGCCGCCGGGTGACGCCGGAGACCCTGTTCGAGATCGGCTCGGTGAGCAAGACCTTCACCGCCACCCTCGCCGGCTATGCCCTGACCCAGGACAAGATGCGCCTCGACGACCGCGCCAGCCAGCACTGGCCGGCACTGCAGGGCAGCCGCTTCGACGGCATCAGCCTGCTCGACCTCGCGACCTATACCGCCGGCGGCTTGCCGCTGCAGTTCCCCGACTCGGTGCAGAAGGACCAGGCACAGATCCGCGACTACTACCGCCAGTGGCAGCCGACCTACGCGCCGGGCAGCCAGCGCCTCTATTCCAACCCGAGCATCGGCCTGTTCGGCTATCTCGCCGCGCGCAGCCTGGGCCAGCCGTTCGAACGGCTCATGGAGCAGCAAGTGTTCCCGGCACTGGGCCTCGAACAGACCCACCTCGACGTGCCCGAGGCGGCGTTGGCGCAGTACGCCCAGGGCTACGGCAAGGACGACCGCCCGCTACGGGTCGGTCCCGGCCCGCTGGATGCCGAAGGCTACGGGGTGAAGACCAGCGCGGCCGACCTGCTGCGCTTCGTCGATGCCAACCTGCATCCGGAGCGCCTGGACAGGCCCTGGGCGCAGGCGCTCGATGCCACCCATCGCGGTTACTACAAGGTCGGCGACATGACCCAGGGCCTGGGCTGGGAAGCCTACGACTGGCCGATCTCCCTGAAGCGCCTGCAGGCCGGCAACTCGACGCCGATGGCGCTGCAACCGCACAGGATCGCCAGGCTGCCCGCGCCACAGGCGCTGGAGGGCCAGCGCCTGCTGAACAAGACCGGTTCCACCAACGGCTTCGGCGCCTACGTGGCGTTCGTCCCGGGCCGCGACCTGGGACTGGTGATCCTGGCCAACCGCAACTATCCCAATGCCGAGCGGGTGAAGATCGCCTACGCCATCCTCAGCGGCCTGGAGCAGCAGGGCAAGGTGCCGCTGAAGCGCTGA", "fmax": "1194", "accession": "NG_065932.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Pseudomonas aeruginosa", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "287", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "36752"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_148044466.1", "sequence": "MRDTRFPCLCGIAASTLLFATTPAIAGEAPTDRLKALVDAAVQPVMKANDIPGLAVAISLKGEPHYFSYGLASKEDGRRVTPETLFEIGSVSKTFTATLAGYALTQDKMRLDDRASQHWPALQGSRFDGISLLDLATYTAGGLPLQFPDSVQKDQAQIRDYYRQWQPTYAPGSQRLYSNPSIGLFGYLAARSLGQPFERLMEQQVFPALGLEQTHLDVPEAALAQYAQGYGKDDRPLRVGPGPLDAEGYGVKTSAADLLRFVDANLHPERLDRPWAQALDATHRGYYKVGDMTQGLGWEAYDWPISLKRLQAGNSTPMALQPHRIARLPAPQALEGQRLLNKTGSTNGFGAYVAFVPGRDLGLVILANRNYPNAERVKIAYAILSGLEQQGKVPLKR"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36237": {"category_aro_name": "PDC beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36237", "category_aro_accession": "3000098", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "PDC beta-lactamases are class C beta-lactamases that are found in Pseudomonas aeruginosa."}, "35923": {"category_aro_name": "monobactam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35923", "category_aro_accession": "0000004", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Monobactams are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Unlike penams and cephems, monobactams do not have any ring fused to its four-member lactam structure. Monobactam antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}}, "ARO_name": "PDC-380", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43650", "model_name": "PDC-380", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4022": {"model_id": "4022", "ARO_accession": "3005290", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "800", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "PDC-352 is a class C beta-lactamase found in Pseudomonas aeruginosa", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6388": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGCGCGATACCAGATTCCCCTGCCTGTGCGGCATCGCCGCTTCCACACTGCTGTTCGCCACCACCCCGGCCATTGCCGGCGAGGCCCCGGCGGATCGCCTGAAGGCACTGGTCGACGCCGCCGTACAACCGGTGATGAAGGCCAATGACATTCCGGGCCTGGCCGTAGCCATCAGCCTGAAAGGAGAACCGCATTACTTCAGCTATGGGCTGGCCTCGAAAGAGGACGGCCGCCGGGTGACGCCGGAGACCCTGTTCGAGATCGGCTCGGTGAGCAAGACCTTCACCGCCACCCTCGCCGGCTATGCCCTGGCCCAGGACAAGATGCGTCTCGACGACCGCGCCAGCCAGCACTGGCCGGCACTGCAGGGCAGCCGCTTCGACGGCATCAGCCTGCTCGACCTCGCGACCTATACCGCCGGCGGCTTGCCGCTGCAGTTCCCCGACTCGGTGCAGAAGGACCAGGCACAGATCCGCGACTACTACCGCCAGTGGCAGCCGACCTACGCGCCGGGCAGCCAGCGCCGCTATTCCAACCCGAGCATCGGCCTGTTCGGCTATCTCGCCGCGCGCAGCCTGGGCCAGCCGTTCGAACGGCTCATGGAGCAGCAAGTGTTCCCGGCACTGGGCCTCGAACAGACCCACCTCGACGTGCCCGAGGCGGCGCTGGCGCAGTACGCCCAGGGCTACGGCAAGGACGACCGCCCGCTACGGGTCGGTCCCGGCCCGCTGGATGCCGAAGGCTACGGGGTGAAGACCAGCGCGGCCGACCTGCTGCGCTTCGTCGATGCCAACCTGCATCCGGAGCGCCTGGACAGGCCCTGGGCGCAGGCGCTCGATGCCACCCATCGCGGTTACTACAAGGTCGGCGACATGACCCAGGGCCTGGGCTGGGAAGCCTACGACTGGCCGATCTCCCTGAAGCGCCTGCAGGCCGGCAACTCGACGCCGATGGCGCTGCAACCGCACAGGATCGCCAGGCTGCCCGCGCCACAGGCGCTGAAGGGCCAGCGCCTGCTGAACAAGACCGGTTCCACCAGCGGCTTCGGCGCCTACGTGGCGTTCGTCCCGGGCCGCGACCTGGGCCTGGTGATCCTGGCCAACCGCAACTATCCCAATGCCGAGCGGGTGAAGATCGCCTACGCCATCCTCAGCGGCCTGGAGCAGCAGGGCAAGGTGCCGCTGAAGCGCTGA", "fmax": "1194", "accession": "NG_065904.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Pseudomonas aeruginosa", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "287", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "36752"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_148044444.1", "sequence": "MRDTRFPCLCGIAASTLLFATTPAIAGEAPADRLKALVDAAVQPVMKANDIPGLAVAISLKGEPHYFSYGLASKEDGRRVTPETLFEIGSVSKTFTATLAGYALAQDKMRLDDRASQHWPALQGSRFDGISLLDLATYTAGGLPLQFPDSVQKDQAQIRDYYRQWQPTYAPGSQRRYSNPSIGLFGYLAARSLGQPFERLMEQQVFPALGLEQTHLDVPEAALAQYAQGYGKDDRPLRVGPGPLDAEGYGVKTSAADLLRFVDANLHPERLDRPWAQALDATHRGYYKVGDMTQGLGWEAYDWPISLKRLQAGNSTPMALQPHRIARLPAPQALKGQRLLNKTGSTSGFGAYVAFVPGRDLGLVILANRNYPNAERVKIAYAILSGLEQQGKVPLKR"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36237": {"category_aro_name": "PDC beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36237", "category_aro_accession": "3000098", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "PDC beta-lactamases are class C beta-lactamases that are found in Pseudomonas aeruginosa."}, "35923": {"category_aro_name": "monobactam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35923", "category_aro_accession": "0000004", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Monobactams are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Unlike penams and cephems, monobactams do not have any ring fused to its four-member lactam structure. Monobactam antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}}, "ARO_name": "PDC-352", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43647", "model_name": "PDC-352", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4023": {"model_id": "4023", "ARO_accession": "3005291", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "800", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "PDC-464 is a class C beta-lactamase found in Pseudomonas aeruginosa", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6389": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGCGCGATACCAGATTCCCCTGCCTGTGCGGCATCGCCGCTTCCACACTGCTGTTCGCCACCACCCCGGCCATTGCCGGCGAGGCCCCGGCGGATCGCCTGAAGGCACTGGTCGACGCCGCCGTACAACCGGTGATGAAGGCCAATGACATTCCGGGCCTGGCCGTAGCCATCAGCCTGAAAGGAGAACCGCATTACTTCAGCTATGGGCTGGCCTCGAAAGAGGACGGCCGCCGGGTGACGCCGGAGACCCTGTTCGAGATCGGCTCGGTGAGCAAGACCTTCACCGCCACCCTAGCCGGCTATGCCCTGGCCCAGGACAAGATGCGCCTCGACGACCGCGTCAGCCAGCACTGGCCGGCACTGCAGGGCAGCCGCTTCGACGGCATCAGCCTGCTCGACCTCGCGACCTATACCGCCGGCGGCTTGCCGCTGAAGTTCCCCGACTCGGTGCAGAAGGACCAGGCACAGATCCGCGACTACTACCGCCAGTGGCAGCCGACCTACGCGCCGGGCAGCCAGCGCCTCTATTCCAACCCGAGCATCGGCCTGTTCGGCTATCTCGCCGCGCGCAGCCTGGGCCAGCCGTTCGAACGACTCATGGAGCAGCAAGTGTTCCCGGCACTGGGCCTCGAACAGACCTACCTCGACGTGCCCGAGGCGGCGCTGGCGCAGTACGCCCAGGGCTACGGCAAGGACGACCGCCCCCTACGGGCCGGTCCCGGCCCGCTGGATGCCGAAGGCTACGGGGTGAAGACCAGCGCGGCCGACCTGCTGCGCTTCGTCGATGCCAACCTGCATCCGGAGCGCCTGGACAGGCCCTGGGCGCAGGCGCTCGATGCCACCCATCGCGGTTACTACAAGGTCGGCGACATGACCCAGGGCCTGGGCTGGGAAGCCTACGACTGGCCGATCTCCCTGAAGCGCCTGCAGGCCGGCAACTCGACGCCGATGGCGCTGCAACCGCACAGGATCGCCAGGCTGCCCGCGCCACAGGCGCTGGAGGGCCAGCGCCTGCTGAACAAGACCGGTTCCACCAGCGGCTTCGGCGCCTACGTGGCGTTCGTCCCGGGCCGCGACCTGGGACTGGTGATCCTGGCCAACCGCAACTATCCCAATGCCGAGCGGGTGAAGATCGCCTACGCCATCCTCAGCGGCCTGGAGCAGCAGGGCAAGGTGCCGCTGAAGCGCTGA", "fmax": "1194", "accession": "NG_071222.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Pseudomonas aeruginosa", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "287", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "36752"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_197749413.1", "sequence": "MRDTRFPCLCGIAASTLLFATTPAIAGEAPADRLKALVDAAVQPVMKANDIPGLAVAISLKGEPHYFSYGLASKEDGRRVTPETLFEIGSVSKTFTATLAGYALAQDKMRLDDRVSQHWPALQGSRFDGISLLDLATYTAGGLPLKFPDSVQKDQAQIRDYYRQWQPTYAPGSQRLYSNPSIGLFGYLAARSLGQPFERLMEQQVFPALGLEQTYLDVPEAALAQYAQGYGKDDRPLRAGPGPLDAEGYGVKTSAADLLRFVDANLHPERLDRPWAQALDATHRGYYKVGDMTQGLGWEAYDWPISLKRLQAGNSTPMALQPHRIARLPAPQALEGQRLLNKTGSTSGFGAYVAFVPGRDLGLVILANRNYPNAERVKIAYAILSGLEQQGKVPLKR"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36237": {"category_aro_name": "PDC beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36237", "category_aro_accession": "3000098", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "PDC beta-lactamases are class C beta-lactamases that are found in Pseudomonas aeruginosa."}, "35923": {"category_aro_name": "monobactam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35923", "category_aro_accession": "0000004", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Monobactams are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Unlike penams and cephems, monobactams do not have any ring fused to its four-member lactam structure. Monobactam antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}}, "ARO_name": "PDC-464", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43648", "model_name": "PDC-464", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4020": {"model_id": "4020", "ARO_accession": "3005288", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "800", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "PDC-337 is a class C beta-lactamase found in Pseudomonas aeruginosa", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6386": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGCGCGATACCAGATTCCCCTGCCTGTGCGGCATCGCCGCTTCCACACTGCTGTTCGCCGCCACCCCGGCCATTGCCGGCGAGGCCCCGGCGGATCGCCTGAAGGCACTGGTCGACGCCGCCGTACAACCGGTGATGAAGGCCAATGACATTCCGGGCCTGGCCGTAGCCATCAGCCTGAAAGGAGAACCGCATTACTTCAGCTATGGGCTGGCCTCGAAAGAGGACGGCCGCCGGGTGACGCCGGAGACCCTGTTCGAGATCGGCTCGGTGAGCAAGACCTTCACCGCCACCCTCGCCGGCTATGCCCTGGCCCAGGACAAGATGCGCCTCGACGACCGCGCCAGCCAGCACTGGCCGGCGCTGCAGGGCAGCCGCTTCGACGGCATCAGCCTGCTCGACCTCGCGACCTATACCGCCGGCGGCTTGCCGCTGCAGTTCCCCGACTCGGTGCAGAAGGACCAGGCACAGATCCGCGACTACTACCGCCAGTGGCAGCCGACCTACGCGCCGGGCAGTCAGCGCCTCTATTCCAACCCGAGCATCGGCCTGTTCGGCTATCTCGCCGCGCGCAGCCTGGGCCAGCCGTTCGAACGGCTCATGGAGCAGCAATTGTTCCCGGCACTGGGCCTCGAACAGACCCACCTCGACGTGCCCGAGGCGGCGCTGGCGCAGTACGCCCAGGGCTACGGCAAGGACGACCGCCCGCTACGGGTCGGTCCCGGCCCGCTGGATGCCAAAGGCTACGGGGTGAAGACCAGCGCGGCCGACCTGCTGCGCTTCGTCGATGCCAACCTGCATCCGGAGCGCCTGGACAGGCCCTGGGCGCAGGCGCTCGATGCCACCCATCGCGGTTACTACAAGGTCGGCGACATGACCCAGGGCCTGGGCTGGGAAGCCTACGACTGGCCGATCTCCCTGAAGCGCCTGCAGGCCGGCAACTCGACGCCGATGGCGCTGCAACCACACAGGATCGCCAGGCTGCCCGCGCCACAGGCGCTGGAGGGCCAGCGCCTGCTGAACAAGACCGGCTCCACCAACGGCTTCGGCGCCTACGTGGCGTTCGTCCCGGGCCGCGACCTGGGCCTGGTGATCCTGGCCAACCGCAACTATCCCAATGCCGAGCGGGTGAAGATCGCCTACGCCATCCTCAGCGGCCTGGAGCAGCAGCCCAAGGTGCCGCTGAAGCGCTGA", "fmax": "1194", "accession": "NG_065889.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Pseudomonas aeruginosa", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "287", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "36752"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_148044429.1", "sequence": "MRDTRFPCLCGIAASTLLFAATPAIAGEAPADRLKALVDAAVQPVMKANDIPGLAVAISLKGEPHYFSYGLASKEDGRRVTPETLFEIGSVSKTFTATLAGYALAQDKMRLDDRASQHWPALQGSRFDGISLLDLATYTAGGLPLQFPDSVQKDQAQIRDYYRQWQPTYAPGSQRLYSNPSIGLFGYLAARSLGQPFERLMEQQLFPALGLEQTHLDVPEAALAQYAQGYGKDDRPLRVGPGPLDAKGYGVKTSAADLLRFVDANLHPERLDRPWAQALDATHRGYYKVGDMTQGLGWEAYDWPISLKRLQAGNSTPMALQPHRIARLPAPQALEGQRLLNKTGSTNGFGAYVAFVPGRDLGLVILANRNYPNAERVKIAYAILSGLEQQPKVPLKR"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36237": {"category_aro_name": "PDC beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36237", "category_aro_accession": "3000098", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "PDC beta-lactamases are class C beta-lactamases that are found in Pseudomonas aeruginosa."}, "35923": {"category_aro_name": "monobactam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35923", "category_aro_accession": "0000004", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Monobactams are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Unlike penams and cephems, monobactams do not have any ring fused to its four-member lactam structure. Monobactam antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}}, "ARO_name": "PDC-337", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43645", "model_name": "PDC-337", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4021": {"model_id": "4021", "ARO_accession": "3005289", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "800", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "PDC-212 is a class C beta-lactamase found in Pseudomonas aeruginosa", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6387": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGCGCGATACCAGATTCCCCTGCCTGTGCGGCATCGCCGCTTCCACACTGCTGTTCGCCACCACCCCGGCCATTGCCGGCGAGGCCCCGGCGGATCGCCTGAAGGCACTGGTCGACGCCGCCGTACAACCGGTGATGAAGGCCAATGACATTCCGGGCCTGGCCGTAGCCATCAGCCTGAAAGGAGAACCGCATTACTTCAGCTATGGGCTGGCCTCGAAAGAGGACGGCCGCCAGGTGACGCCGGAGACCCTGTTCGAGATCGGCTCGGTGAGCAAGACCTTCACCGCCACCCTCGCCGGCTATGCCCTGGCCCAGGACAAGATGCGCCTCGACGACCGCGCCAGCCAGCACTGGCCGGCACTGCAGGGCAGCCGCTTCGACGGCATCAGCCTGCTCGACCTCGCGATCTATACCGCCGGCGGCTTGCCGCTGCAGTTCCCCGACTCGGTGCAGAAGGACCAGGCACAGATCCGCGACTACTACCGCCAGTGGCAGCCGACCTATGCGCCGGGCAGCCAGCGCCTCTATTCCAACCCGAGCATCGGCCTGTTCGGCTATCTCGCCGCGCGCAGCCTGGGCCAGCCGTTCGAACGACTCATGGAGCAGCAAGTGTTCCCGGCACTGGGCCTCGAACAGACCCACCTCGACGTGCCCGAGGCGGCGCTGGCGCAGTACGCCCAGGGCTACGGCAAGGACGACCGCCCGCTACGGGTCGGTCCCGGCCCGCTGGATGCCGAAGGCTACGGGGTGAAGACCAGCGCGGCCGACCTGCTGCGCTTCGTCGATGCCAACCTGCATCCGGAGCGCCTGGACAGGCCCTGGGCGCAGGCGCTCGATGCCACCCATCGCGGTTACTACAAGGTCGGCGACATGACCCAGGGCCTGGGCTGGGAAGCCTACGACTGGCCGATCTCCCTGAAGCGCCTGCAGGCCGGCAACTCGACGCCGATGGCGCTGCAACCGCACAGGATCGCCAGGCTGCCCGCGCCACAGGCGCTGGAGGGCCAGCGCCTGCTGAACAAGACCGGTTCCACCAACGGCTTCGGCGCCTACGTGGCGTTCGTCCCGGGCCGCGACCTGGGCCTGGTGATCCTGGCCAACCGCAACTATCCCAATGCCGAGCGGGTGAAGATCGCCTACGCCATCCTCAGCGGCCTGGAGCAGCAGGGCAAGGTGCCGCTGAAGCGCTGA", "fmax": "1194", "accession": "NG_055274.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Pseudomonas aeruginosa", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "287", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "36752"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_088245217.1", "sequence": "MRDTRFPCLCGIAASTLLFATTPAIAGEAPADRLKALVDAAVQPVMKANDIPGLAVAISLKGEPHYFSYGLASKEDGRQVTPETLFEIGSVSKTFTATLAGYALAQDKMRLDDRASQHWPALQGSRFDGISLLDLAIYTAGGLPLQFPDSVQKDQAQIRDYYRQWQPTYAPGSQRLYSNPSIGLFGYLAARSLGQPFERLMEQQVFPALGLEQTHLDVPEAALAQYAQGYGKDDRPLRVGPGPLDAEGYGVKTSAADLLRFVDANLHPERLDRPWAQALDATHRGYYKVGDMTQGLGWEAYDWPISLKRLQAGNSTPMALQPHRIARLPAPQALEGQRLLNKTGSTNGFGAYVAFVPGRDLGLVILANRNYPNAERVKIAYAILSGLEQQGKVPLKR"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36237": {"category_aro_name": "PDC beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36237", "category_aro_accession": "3000098", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "PDC beta-lactamases are class C beta-lactamases that are found in Pseudomonas aeruginosa."}, "35923": {"category_aro_name": "monobactam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35923", "category_aro_accession": "0000004", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Monobactams are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Unlike penams and cephems, monobactams do not have any ring fused to its four-member lactam structure. Monobactam antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}}, "ARO_name": "PDC-212", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43646", "model_name": "PDC-212", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4028": {"model_id": "4028", "ARO_accession": "3005296", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "800", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "PDC-272 is a class C beta-lactamase found in Pseudomonas aeruginosa", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6394": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGCGCGATACCAGATTCCCCTGCCTGTGCGGCATCGCCGCTTCCACACTGCTGTTCGCCACCACCCCGGCCATTGCCGGCGAGGCCCCGACGGATCGCCTGAAGGCACTGGTCGACGCCGCCGTACAACCGGTGATGAAGGCCAATGACATTCCGGGCCTGGCCGTAGCCATCAGCCTGAAAGGAGAACCGCATTACTTCAGCTATGGGCTGGCCTCGAAAGAGGACGGCCGCCGGGTGACGCCGGAGACCCTGTTCGAGATCGGCTCGGTGAGCAAGACCTTCACCGCCACCCTCGCCGGCTATGCCCTGGCCCAGGACAAGATGCGCCTCGACGACCGCGCCAGCCAGCACTGGCCGGCACTGCAGGGCAGCCGCTTCGACGGCATCAGCCTGCTCGACCTCGCGACCTATACCGCCGGCGGCTTGCCGCTGCAGTTCCCCGACTCGGTGCAGAAGGACCAGGCACAGATCCGCGACTACTACCGCCAGTGGCAGCCGACCTACGCGCCGGGCAGCCAGCGCCTCTATTCCAACCCGAGCATCGGCCTGTTCGGCTATCTCGCCGCGCGCAGCCTGGGCCAGCCGTTCGAACGGCTCATGGAGCAGCAAGTGTTCCCGGCACTGGGCCTCGAACAGACCCACCTCGACGTGCCCGAGGCGGCGCTGGCGCAGTACGCCCAGGGCTACGGCAAGGACGACCGCCCGCTACGGGTCGGTCCCGGCCCGCTGGATGCCGAAGGCTACGGGGTGAAGACCAGCGCGGCCGACCTGCTGCGCTTCGTCGATGCCAACCTGCATCCGGAGCGCCTGGACAGGCCCTGGGCGCAGGCGCTCGATGCCACCCATCGCGGTTACTACAAGGTCGGCGACATGACCCAGGGCCTGGGCTGGGAAGCCTACGACTGGCCGATCTCCCTGAAGCGCCTGCAGGCCGGCAACTCGACGCCGATGGCGCTGCAACCGCACAGGATCGCCAGGCTGCCCGCGCCACAGGCGCTGGAGGGCCAGCGCCTGCTGAACAAGACCGGTTCCACCAACGGCTTCGGCGCCTACGTGGCGTTCGTCCCGGGCCGCGACCTGGGACTGGTGATCCTGGCCAACCGCAACTATCCCAATGCCGAGCGGGTGAAGATCGCCTACGCCATCCTCAGCGGCCTGGAGCAGCAGGGCAAGGTGCCGCTGAAGCGCTGA", "fmax": "1194", "accession": "NG_057603.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Pseudomonas aeruginosa", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "287", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "36752"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_109791204.1", "sequence": "MRDTRFPCLCGIAASTLLFATTPAIAGEAPTDRLKALVDAAVQPVMKANDIPGLAVAISLKGEPHYFSYGLASKEDGRRVTPETLFEIGSVSKTFTATLAGYALAQDKMRLDDRASQHWPALQGSRFDGISLLDLATYTAGGLPLQFPDSVQKDQAQIRDYYRQWQPTYAPGSQRLYSNPSIGLFGYLAARSLGQPFERLMEQQVFPALGLEQTHLDVPEAALAQYAQGYGKDDRPLRVGPGPLDAEGYGVKTSAADLLRFVDANLHPERLDRPWAQALDATHRGYYKVGDMTQGLGWEAYDWPISLKRLQAGNSTPMALQPHRIARLPAPQALEGQRLLNKTGSTNGFGAYVAFVPGRDLGLVILANRNYPNAERVKIAYAILSGLEQQGKVPLKR"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36237": {"category_aro_name": "PDC beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36237", "category_aro_accession": "3000098", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "PDC beta-lactamases are class C beta-lactamases that are found in Pseudomonas aeruginosa."}, "35923": {"category_aro_name": "monobactam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35923", "category_aro_accession": "0000004", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Monobactams are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Unlike penams and cephems, monobactams do not have any ring fused to its four-member lactam structure. Monobactam antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}}, "ARO_name": "PDC-272", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43653", "model_name": "PDC-272", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4029": {"model_id": "4029", "ARO_accession": "3005297", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "800", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "PDC-255 is a class C beta-lactamase found in Pseudomonas aeruginosa", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6395": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGCGCGATACCAGATTCCCCTGCCTGTGCGGCATCGCCGCTTCCACACTGCTGTTCGCCACCACCCCGGCCATTGCCGGCGAGGCCCCGGCGGATCGCCTGAAGGCACTGGTCGACGCCGCCGTACAACCGGTGATGAAGGCCAATGACATTCCGGGCCTGGCCGTAGCCATCAGCCTGAAAGGAGAACCGCATTACTTCAGCTATGGGCTGGCCTCGAAAGAGGACGGCCGCCAGGTGACGCCGGAGACCCTGTTCGAGATCGGCTCGGTGAGCAAGACCTTCACCGCCACCCTCGCCGGCTATGCCCTGGCCCAGGACAAGATGCGCCTCGACGACCGCGCCAGCCAGCACTGGCCGGCACTGCAGGGCAGCCGCTTCGACGGCATCAGCCTGCTCGACCTCGCGACCTATACCGCCGGCGGCTTGCCGCTGCAGTTCCCCGACTCGGTGCAGAAGGACCAGGCACAGATCCGCGACTACTACCGCCAGTGGCAGCCGACCTACGCGCCGGGCAGCCAGCGCCGCTATTCCAACCCGAGCATCGGCCTGTTCGGCTATCTCGCCGCGCGCAGCCTGGGCCAGCCGTTCGAACGGCTCATGGAGCAGCAAGTGTTCCCGGCACTGGGCCTCGAACAGACCCACCTCGACGTGCCCGAGGCGGCGCTGGCGCAGTACGCCCAGGGCTACGGCAAGGACGACCGCCCGCTACGGGTCGGTCCCGGCCCGCTGGATGCCGAAGGCTACGGGGTGAAGACCAGCGCGGCCGACCTGCTGCGCTTCGTCGATGCCAACCTGCATCCGGAGCGCCTGGACAGGCCCTGGGCGCAGGCGCTCGATGCCACCCATCGCGGTTACTACAAGGTCGGCGACATGACCCAGGGCCTGGGCTGGGAAGCCTACGACTGGCCGATCTCCCTGAAGCGCCTGCAGGCCGGCAACTCGACGCCGATGGCGCTGCAACCGCACAGGATCGCCAGGCTGCCCGCGCCACAGGCGCTGGAGGGCCAGCGCCTGCTGAACAAGACCGGCTCCACCAACGGCTTCGGCGCCTACGTGGCGTTCGTCCCGGGCCGCGACCTGGGACTGGTGATCCTGGCCAACCGCAACTATCCCAATGCCGAGCGGGTGAAGATCGCCTACGCCATCCTCAGCGGCCTGGAGCAGCAGGGCAAGGTGCCGCTGAAGCGCTGA", "fmax": "1194", "accession": "NG_057587.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Pseudomonas aeruginosa", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "287", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "36752"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_109791189.1", "sequence": "MRDTRFPCLCGIAASTLLFATTPAIAGEAPADRLKALVDAAVQPVMKANDIPGLAVAISLKGEPHYFSYGLASKEDGRQVTPETLFEIGSVSKTFTATLAGYALAQDKMRLDDRASQHWPALQGSRFDGISLLDLATYTAGGLPLQFPDSVQKDQAQIRDYYRQWQPTYAPGSQRRYSNPSIGLFGYLAARSLGQPFERLMEQQVFPALGLEQTHLDVPEAALAQYAQGYGKDDRPLRVGPGPLDAEGYGVKTSAADLLRFVDANLHPERLDRPWAQALDATHRGYYKVGDMTQGLGWEAYDWPISLKRLQAGNSTPMALQPHRIARLPAPQALEGQRLLNKTGSTNGFGAYVAFVPGRDLGLVILANRNYPNAERVKIAYAILSGLEQQGKVPLKR"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36237": {"category_aro_name": "PDC beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36237", "category_aro_accession": "3000098", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "PDC beta-lactamases are class C beta-lactamases that are found in Pseudomonas aeruginosa."}, "35923": {"category_aro_name": "monobactam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35923", "category_aro_accession": "0000004", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Monobactams are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Unlike penams and cephems, monobactams do not have any ring fused to its four-member lactam structure. Monobactam antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}}, "ARO_name": "PDC-255", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43654", "model_name": "PDC-255", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "3999": {"model_id": "3999", "ARO_accession": "3005267", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "500", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "TEM-236 is a beta-lactamase.", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6363": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGAGTATTCAACATTTCCGTGTCGCCCTTATTCCCTTTTTTGCGGCATTTTGCCTTCCTGTTTTTGCTCACCCAGAAACGCTGGTGAAAGTAAAAGATGCTGAAGATCAGTTGGGTGCACGAGTGGGTTACATCGAACTGGATCTCAACAGCGGTAAGATCCTTGAGAGTTTTCGCCCCGAAGAACGTTTTCCAATGATGAGCACTTTTAAAGTTCTGCTATGTGGTGCGGTATTATCCCGTGTTGACGCCGGGCAAGAGCAACTCGGTCGCCGCATACACTATTCTCAGAATGACTTGGTTGAGTACTCACCAGTCACAGAAAAGCATCTTACGGATGGCATGACAGTAAGAGAATTATGCAGTGCTGCCATAACCATGAGTGATAACACTGCGGCCAACTTACTTCTGACAACGATCGGAGGACCGAAGGAGCTAACCGCTTTTTTGCACAACATGGGGGATCATGTAACTCGCCTTGATTGTTGGGAACCGGAGCTGAATGAAGCCATACCAAACGACGAGCGTGACACCACGACGCCCGCAGCAATGGCAACAACGTTGCGCAAACTATTAACTGGCGAACTACTTACTCTAGCTTCCCGGCAACAATTAATAGACTGGATGGAGGCGGATAAAGTTGCAGGACCACTTCTGCGCTCGGCCCTTCCGGCTGGCTGGTTTATTGCTGATAAATCTGGAGCCGGTGAGCGTGGGTCTCGCGGTATCATTGCAGCACTGGGGCCAGATGGTAAGCCCTCCCGTATCGTAGTTATCTACACGACGGGGAGTCAGGCAACTATGGATGAACGAAATAGACAGATCGCTGAGATAGGTGCCTCACTGATTAAGCATTGGTAA", "fmax": "861", "accession": "NG_061611.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Escherichia coli", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "562", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "35914"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_116786831.1", "sequence": "MSIQHFRVALIPFFAAFCLPVFAHPETLVKVKDAEDQLGARVGYIELDLNSGKILESFRPEERFPMMSTFKVLLCGAVLSRVDAGQEQLGRRIHYSQNDLVEYSPVTEKHLTDGMTVRELCSAAITMSDNTAANLLLTTIGGPKELTAFLHNMGDHVTRLDCWEPELNEAIPNDERDTTTPAAMATTLRKLLTGELLTLASRQQLIDWMEADKVAGPLLRSALPAGWFIADKSGAGERGSRGIIAALGPDGKPSRIVVIYTTGSQATMDERNRQIAEIGASLIKHW"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "40360": {"category_aro_name": "penem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "40360", "category_aro_accession": "3003706", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penems are a class of unsaturated beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. All penems are all synthetically made and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. They are structurally similar to carbapenems, however, where carbapenems have a carbon, penems have a sulfur."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36023": {"category_aro_name": "TEM beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36023", "category_aro_accession": "3000014", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "TEM-1 is the most commonly-encountered beta-lactamase in gram-negative bacteria. Up to 90% of ampicillin resistance in E. coli is due to the production of TEM-1. Also responsible for the ampicillin and penicillin resistance that is seen in H. influenzae and N. gonorrhoeae in increasing numbers. Although TEM-type beta-lactamases are most often found in E. coli and K. pneumoniae, they are also found in other species of gram-negative bacteria with increasing frequency. The amino acid substitutions responsible for the ESBL phenotype cluster around the active site of the enzyme and change its configuration, allowing access to oxyimino-beta-lactam substrates. Opening the active site to beta-lactam substrates also typically enhances the susceptibility of the enzyme to b-lactamase inhibitors, such as clavulanic acid.  Although the inhibitor-resistant beta-lactamases are not ESBLs, they are often discussed with ESBLs because they are also derivatives of the classical TEM- or SHV-type enzymes. These enzymes were at first given the designation IRT for inhibitor-resistant TEM beta-lactamase; however, all have subsequently been renamed with numerical TEM designations. There are at least 19 distinct inhibitor-resistant TEM beta-lactamases. Inhibitor-resistant TEM beta-lactamases have been found mainly in clinical isolates of E. coli, but also some strains of K. pneumoniae, Klebsiella oxytoca, P. mirabilis, and Citrobacter freundii. Although the inhibitor-resistant TEM variants are resistant to inhibition by clavulanic acid and sulbactam, thereby showing clinical resistance to the beta-lactam-lactamase inhibitor combinations of amoxicillin-clavulanate (Co-amoxiclav), ticarcillin-clavulanate, and ampicillin/sulbactam, they normally remain susceptible to inhibition by tazobactam and subsequently the combination of piperacillin/tazobactam, although resistance has been described."}, "36981": {"category_aro_name": "ampicillin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36981", "category_aro_accession": "3000637", "category_aro_class_name": "Antibiotic", "category_aro_description": "Ampicillin is a penicillin derivative that is highly acid stable, with its activity similar to benzylpenicillin."}, "35923": {"category_aro_name": "monobactam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35923", "category_aro_accession": "0000004", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Monobactams are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Unlike penams and cephems, monobactams do not have any ring fused to its four-member lactam structure. Monobactam antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}}, "ARO_name": "TEM-236", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43624", "model_name": "TEM-236", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "3998": {"model_id": "3998", "ARO_accession": "3005266", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "500", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "TEM-235 is a beta-lactamase.", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6362": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGAGTATTCAACATTTCCGTGTCGCCCTTATTCCCTTTTTTGCGGCATTTTGCCTTCCTGTTTTTGCTCACCCAGAAACGCTGGTGAAAGTAAAAGATGCTGAAGATCAGTTGGGTGCACGAGTGGGTTACATCGAACTGGATCTCAACAGCGGTAAGATCCTTGAGAGTTTTCGCCCCGAAGAACGTTTTCCAATGATGAGCACTTTTAAAGTTCTGCTATGTGGTGCGGTATTATCCCGTGTTGACGCCGGGCAAGAGCAACTCGGTCGCCGCATACACTATTCTCAGAATGACTTGGTTGAGTACTCACCAGTCACAGAAAAGCATCTTACGGATGGCATGACAGTAAGAGAATTATGCAGTGCTGCCATAACCATGAGTGATAACACTGCGGCCAACTTACTTCTGACAACGATCGGAGGACCGAAGGAGCTAACCGCTTTTTTGCACAACATGGGGGATCATGTAACTCGCCTTGATCGTTGGGAACCGGAGCTGAATGAAGCCATACCAAACGACGAGCGTGACACCACGATGCCTGCAGCAATGGCAACAACGTTGCGCAAACTATTAACTGGCGAACTACTTACTCTAGCTTCCCGGCAACAATTAATAGACTGGATGGAGGCGGATAAAGTTGCAGGACCACTTCTGCGCTCGGCCCTTCCGGCTGGCTGGTTTATTGATGATAAATCTGGAGCCGGTGAGCGTGGGTCTCGCGGTATCATTGCAGCACTGGGGCCAGATGGTAAGCCCTCCCGTATCGTAGTTATCTACACGACGGGGAGTCAGGCAACTATGGATGAACGAAATAGACAGATCGCTGAGATAGGTGCCTCACTGATTAAGCATTGGTAA", "fmax": "961", "accession": "NG_059898.1", "fmin": "100", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "mixed culture bacterium PE_gF3SD01_32", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "663178", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "43623"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_110174956.1", "sequence": "MSIQHFRVALIPFFAAFCLPVFAHPETLVKVKDAEDQLGARVGYIELDLNSGKILESFRPEERFPMMSTFKVLLCGAVLSRVDAGQEQLGRRIHYSQNDLVEYSPVTEKHLTDGMTVRELCSAAITMSDNTAANLLLTTIGGPKELTAFLHNMGDHVTRLDRWEPELNEAIPNDERDTTMPAAMATTLRKLLTGELLTLASRQQLIDWMEADKVAGPLLRSALPAGWFIDDKSGAGERGSRGIIAALGPDGKPSRIVVIYTTGSQATMDERNRQIAEIGASLIKHW"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "40360": {"category_aro_name": "penem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "40360", "category_aro_accession": "3003706", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penems are a class of unsaturated beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. All penems are all synthetically made and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. They are structurally similar to carbapenems, however, where carbapenems have a carbon, penems have a sulfur."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36023": {"category_aro_name": "TEM beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36023", "category_aro_accession": "3000014", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "TEM-1 is the most commonly-encountered beta-lactamase in gram-negative bacteria. Up to 90% of ampicillin resistance in E. coli is due to the production of TEM-1. Also responsible for the ampicillin and penicillin resistance that is seen in H. influenzae and N. gonorrhoeae in increasing numbers. Although TEM-type beta-lactamases are most often found in E. coli and K. pneumoniae, they are also found in other species of gram-negative bacteria with increasing frequency. The amino acid substitutions responsible for the ESBL phenotype cluster around the active site of the enzyme and change its configuration, allowing access to oxyimino-beta-lactam substrates. Opening the active site to beta-lactam substrates also typically enhances the susceptibility of the enzyme to b-lactamase inhibitors, such as clavulanic acid.  Although the inhibitor-resistant beta-lactamases are not ESBLs, they are often discussed with ESBLs because they are also derivatives of the classical TEM- or SHV-type enzymes. These enzymes were at first given the designation IRT for inhibitor-resistant TEM beta-lactamase; however, all have subsequently been renamed with numerical TEM designations. There are at least 19 distinct inhibitor-resistant TEM beta-lactamases. Inhibitor-resistant TEM beta-lactamases have been found mainly in clinical isolates of E. coli, but also some strains of K. pneumoniae, Klebsiella oxytoca, P. mirabilis, and Citrobacter freundii. Although the inhibitor-resistant TEM variants are resistant to inhibition by clavulanic acid and sulbactam, thereby showing clinical resistance to the beta-lactam-lactamase inhibitor combinations of amoxicillin-clavulanate (Co-amoxiclav), ticarcillin-clavulanate, and ampicillin/sulbactam, they normally remain susceptible to inhibition by tazobactam and subsequently the combination of piperacillin/tazobactam, although resistance has been described."}, "36981": {"category_aro_name": "ampicillin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36981", "category_aro_accession": "3000637", "category_aro_class_name": "Antibiotic", "category_aro_description": "Ampicillin is a penicillin derivative that is highly acid stable, with its activity similar to benzylpenicillin."}, "35923": {"category_aro_name": "monobactam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35923", "category_aro_accession": "0000004", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Monobactams are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Unlike penams and cephems, monobactams do not have any ring fused to its four-member lactam structure. Monobactam antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}}, "ARO_name": "TEM-235", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43622", "model_name": "TEM-235", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "3997": {"model_id": "3997", "ARO_accession": "3005265", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "500", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "TEM-234 is a beta-lactamase.", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6361": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGAGTATTCAACATTTTCGTGTCGCCCTTATTCCCTTTTTTGCGGCATTTTGCCTTCCTGTTTTTGCTCACCCAGAAACGCTGGTGAAAGTAAAAGATGCTGAAGATCAGTTGGGTGCACGAGTGGGTTACATCGAACTGGATCTCAACAGCGGTAAGATCCTTGAGAGTTTTCGCCCCGAAGAACGTTTTCCAATGATGAGCACTTTTAAAGTTCTGCTATGTGGTGCGGTATTATCCCGTGTTGACGCCGGGCAAGAGCAACTCGGTCGCCGCATACACTATTCTCAGAATGACTTGGTTGAGTACTCACCAGTCACAGAAAAGCATCTTACGGATGGCATGACAGTAAGAGAATTATGCAGTGCTGCCATAACCATGAGTGATAACACTGCTGCCAACTTACTTCTGACAACGATCGGAGGACCGAAGGAGCTAACCGCTTTTTTGCACAACATGGGGGATCATGTAACTCGCCTTGATCGTTGGGAACCGGAGCTGAATGAAGCCATACCAAACGACGAGCGTGACACCACGATGCCTGCAGCAATGGCAACAACGTTGCGCAAACTATTAACTGGCGAACTACTTACTCTAGCTTCCCGGCAACAATTAATAGACTGGATGGAGGCGGATAAAGTTGCAGGACCACTTCTGCGCTCGGCCCTTCCGGCTGGCTGGTTTATTGCTGATAAATCTGGAGCCGGTGAGCGTGGGTCTCGCGGTATCATTGCAGCACTGGGGCCAGATGGTAAGCCCTCCCGTATCGTAGTTATCTACACGACGGGGAGTCAGTCAACTATGGATGAACGAAATAGACAGATCGCTGAGATAGGTGCCTCACTGATTAAGCATTGGTAA", "fmax": "861", "accession": "NG_057609.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Pseudomonas aeruginosa", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "287", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "36752"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_109791210.1", "sequence": "MSIQHFRVALIPFFAAFCLPVFAHPETLVKVKDAEDQLGARVGYIELDLNSGKILESFRPEERFPMMSTFKVLLCGAVLSRVDAGQEQLGRRIHYSQNDLVEYSPVTEKHLTDGMTVRELCSAAITMSDNTAANLLLTTIGGPKELTAFLHNMGDHVTRLDRWEPELNEAIPNDERDTTMPAAMATTLRKLLTGELLTLASRQQLIDWMEADKVAGPLLRSALPAGWFIADKSGAGERGSRGIIAALGPDGKPSRIVVIYTTGSQSTMDERNRQIAEIGASLIKHW"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "40360": {"category_aro_name": "penem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "40360", "category_aro_accession": "3003706", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penems are a class of unsaturated beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. All penems are all synthetically made and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. They are structurally similar to carbapenems, however, where carbapenems have a carbon, penems have a sulfur."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36023": {"category_aro_name": "TEM beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36023", "category_aro_accession": "3000014", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "TEM-1 is the most commonly-encountered beta-lactamase in gram-negative bacteria. Up to 90% of ampicillin resistance in E. coli is due to the production of TEM-1. Also responsible for the ampicillin and penicillin resistance that is seen in H. influenzae and N. gonorrhoeae in increasing numbers. Although TEM-type beta-lactamases are most often found in E. coli and K. pneumoniae, they are also found in other species of gram-negative bacteria with increasing frequency. The amino acid substitutions responsible for the ESBL phenotype cluster around the active site of the enzyme and change its configuration, allowing access to oxyimino-beta-lactam substrates. Opening the active site to beta-lactam substrates also typically enhances the susceptibility of the enzyme to b-lactamase inhibitors, such as clavulanic acid.  Although the inhibitor-resistant beta-lactamases are not ESBLs, they are often discussed with ESBLs because they are also derivatives of the classical TEM- or SHV-type enzymes. These enzymes were at first given the designation IRT for inhibitor-resistant TEM beta-lactamase; however, all have subsequently been renamed with numerical TEM designations. There are at least 19 distinct inhibitor-resistant TEM beta-lactamases. Inhibitor-resistant TEM beta-lactamases have been found mainly in clinical isolates of E. coli, but also some strains of K. pneumoniae, Klebsiella oxytoca, P. mirabilis, and Citrobacter freundii. Although the inhibitor-resistant TEM variants are resistant to inhibition by clavulanic acid and sulbactam, thereby showing clinical resistance to the beta-lactam-lactamase inhibitor combinations of amoxicillin-clavulanate (Co-amoxiclav), ticarcillin-clavulanate, and ampicillin/sulbactam, they normally remain susceptible to inhibition by tazobactam and subsequently the combination of piperacillin/tazobactam, although resistance has been described."}, "36981": {"category_aro_name": "ampicillin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36981", "category_aro_accession": "3000637", "category_aro_class_name": "Antibiotic", "category_aro_description": "Ampicillin is a penicillin derivative that is highly acid stable, with its activity similar to benzylpenicillin."}, "35923": {"category_aro_name": "monobactam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35923", "category_aro_accession": "0000004", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Monobactams are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Unlike penams and cephems, monobactams do not have any ring fused to its four-member lactam structure. Monobactam antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}}, "ARO_name": "TEM-234", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43621", "model_name": "TEM-234", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "3996": {"model_id": "3996", "ARO_accession": "3005264", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "500", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "TEM-233 is a beta-lactamase", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6360": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGAGTATTCAACATTTCCGTGTCGCCCTTATTCCCTTTTTTGCGGCATTTTGCCTTCCTGTTTTTGCTCACCCAGAAACGCTGGTGAAAGTAAAAGATGCTGAAGATCAGTTGGGTGCACGAGTGGGTTACATCGAACTGGATCTCAACAGCGGTAAGATCCTTGAGAGTTTTCGCCCCGAAGAACGTTTTCCAATGATGAGCACTTTTAAAGTTCTGCTATGTGGTGCGGTATTATCCCGTGTGGACGCCGGGCAAGAGCACCTCGGTCGCCGCATACACTATTCTCAGAATGACTTGGTTGAGTCCCCACCAGTCACAGAAAAGCATCTTACGGATGGCATGACAGTAAGAGAATTATGCAGTGCTGCCATAACCATGAGTGATAACACTGCTGCCAACTTACTTCTGACAACGATCGGAGGACCGAAGGAGCTAACCGCTTTTTTGCACAACATGGGGGATCATGTAACTCGCCTTGATCGTTGGGAACCGGAGCTGAATGAAGCCATACCAAACGACGAGCGTGACACCACGATGCCTGCAGCAATGGCAACAACGTTGCGCAAACTATTAACTGGCGAACTACTTACTCTAGCTTCCCGGCAACAATTAATAGACTGGATGGAGGCGGATAAAGTTGCAGGACCACTTCTGCGCTCGGCCCTTCCGGCTGGCTGGTTTATTGCTGATAAATCTGGAGCCGGTGAGCGTGGGTCTCGCGGTATCATTGCAGCACTGGGGCCAGATGGTAAGCCCTCCCGTATCGTAGTTATCTACACGACGGGGAGTCAGGCAACTATGGATGAAGCAAATAGACAGATCGCTGAGATAGGTGCCTCACTGATTAAGCATTGGTAA", "fmax": "861", "accession": "NG_057581.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Escherichia coli", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "562", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "35914"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_109791184.1", "sequence": "MSIQHFRVALIPFFAAFCLPVFAHPETLVKVKDAEDQLGARVGYIELDLNSGKILESFRPEERFPMMSTFKVLLCGAVLSRVDAGQEHLGRRIHYSQNDLVESPPVTEKHLTDGMTVRELCSAAITMSDNTAANLLLTTIGGPKELTAFLHNMGDHVTRLDRWEPELNEAIPNDERDTTMPAAMATTLRKLLTGELLTLASRQQLIDWMEADKVAGPLLRSALPAGWFIADKSGAGERGSRGIIAALGPDGKPSRIVVIYTTGSQATMDEANRQIAEIGASLIKHW"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "40360": {"category_aro_name": "penem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "40360", "category_aro_accession": "3003706", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penems are a class of unsaturated beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. All penems are all synthetically made and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. They are structurally similar to carbapenems, however, where carbapenems have a carbon, penems have a sulfur."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36023": {"category_aro_name": "TEM beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36023", "category_aro_accession": "3000014", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "TEM-1 is the most commonly-encountered beta-lactamase in gram-negative bacteria. Up to 90% of ampicillin resistance in E. coli is due to the production of TEM-1. Also responsible for the ampicillin and penicillin resistance that is seen in H. influenzae and N. gonorrhoeae in increasing numbers. Although TEM-type beta-lactamases are most often found in E. coli and K. pneumoniae, they are also found in other species of gram-negative bacteria with increasing frequency. The amino acid substitutions responsible for the ESBL phenotype cluster around the active site of the enzyme and change its configuration, allowing access to oxyimino-beta-lactam substrates. Opening the active site to beta-lactam substrates also typically enhances the susceptibility of the enzyme to b-lactamase inhibitors, such as clavulanic acid.  Although the inhibitor-resistant beta-lactamases are not ESBLs, they are often discussed with ESBLs because they are also derivatives of the classical TEM- or SHV-type enzymes. These enzymes were at first given the designation IRT for inhibitor-resistant TEM beta-lactamase; however, all have subsequently been renamed with numerical TEM designations. There are at least 19 distinct inhibitor-resistant TEM beta-lactamases. Inhibitor-resistant TEM beta-lactamases have been found mainly in clinical isolates of E. coli, but also some strains of K. pneumoniae, Klebsiella oxytoca, P. mirabilis, and Citrobacter freundii. Although the inhibitor-resistant TEM variants are resistant to inhibition by clavulanic acid and sulbactam, thereby showing clinical resistance to the beta-lactam-lactamase inhibitor combinations of amoxicillin-clavulanate (Co-amoxiclav), ticarcillin-clavulanate, and ampicillin/sulbactam, they normally remain susceptible to inhibition by tazobactam and subsequently the combination of piperacillin/tazobactam, although resistance has been described."}, "36981": {"category_aro_name": "ampicillin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36981", "category_aro_accession": "3000637", "category_aro_class_name": "Antibiotic", "category_aro_description": "Ampicillin is a penicillin derivative that is highly acid stable, with its activity similar to benzylpenicillin."}, "35923": {"category_aro_name": "monobactam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35923", "category_aro_accession": "0000004", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Monobactams are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Unlike penams and cephems, monobactams do not have any ring fused to its four-member lactam structure. Monobactam antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}}, "ARO_name": "TEM-233", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43620", "model_name": "TEM-233", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "3995": {"model_id": "3995", "ARO_accession": "3005263", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "500", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "TEM-232 is a beta-lactamase.", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6359": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGAGTATTCAACATTTTCGTGTCGCCCTTATTCCCTTTTTTGCGGCATTTTGCCTTCCTGTTTTTGCTCACCCAGAAACGCTGGTGAAAGTAAAAGATGCTGAAGATCAGTTGGGTGCACGAGTGGGTTACATCGAACTGGATCTCAACAGCGGTAAGATCCTTGAGAGTTTTCGCCCCGAAGAAAGTTTTCCAATGATGAGCACTTTTAAAGTTCTGCTATGTGGTGCGGTATTATCCCGTGTTGACGCCGGGCAAGAGCAACTCGGTCGCCGCATACACTATTCTCAGAATGACTTGGTTGAGTACTCACCAGTCACAGAAAAGCATCTTACGGATGGCATGACAGTAAGAGAATTATGCAGTGCTGCCATAACCATGAGTGATAACACTGCTGCCAACTTACTTCTGACAACGATCGGAGGACCGAAGGAGCTAACCGCTTTTTTGCACAACATGGGGGATCATGTAACTCGCCTTGATAGTTGGGAACCGGAGCTGAATGAAGCCATACCAAACGACGAGCGTGACACCACGATGCCTGCAGCAATGGCAACAACGTTGCGCAAACTATTAACTGGCGAACTACTTACTCTAGCTTCCCGGCAACAATTAATAGACTGGATGGAGGCGGATAAAGTTGCAGGACCACTTCTGCGCTCGGCCCTTCCGGCTGGCTGGTTTATTGCTGATAAATCTGGAGCCGGTGAGCGTGGGTCTCGCGGTATCATTGCAGCACTGGGGCCAGATGGTAAGCCCTCCCGTATCGTAGTTATCTACACGACGGGGAGTCAGGCAACTATGGATGAACGAAATAGACAGATCGCTGAGATAGGTGCCTCACTGATTAAGCATTGGTAA", "fmax": "861", "accession": "NG_057472.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Klebsiella pneumoniae", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "573", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "35915"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_109545059.1", "sequence": "MSIQHFRVALIPFFAAFCLPVFAHPETLVKVKDAEDQLGARVGYIELDLNSGKILESFRPEESFPMMSTFKVLLCGAVLSRVDAGQEQLGRRIHYSQNDLVEYSPVTEKHLTDGMTVRELCSAAITMSDNTAANLLLTTIGGPKELTAFLHNMGDHVTRLDSWEPELNEAIPNDERDTTMPAAMATTLRKLLTGELLTLASRQQLIDWMEADKVAGPLLRSALPAGWFIADKSGAGERGSRGIIAALGPDGKPSRIVVIYTTGSQATMDERNRQIAEIGASLIKHW"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "40360": {"category_aro_name": "penem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "40360", "category_aro_accession": "3003706", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penems are a class of unsaturated beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. All penems are all synthetically made and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. They are structurally similar to carbapenems, however, where carbapenems have a carbon, penems have a sulfur."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36023": {"category_aro_name": "TEM beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36023", "category_aro_accession": "3000014", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "TEM-1 is the most commonly-encountered beta-lactamase in gram-negative bacteria. Up to 90% of ampicillin resistance in E. coli is due to the production of TEM-1. Also responsible for the ampicillin and penicillin resistance that is seen in H. influenzae and N. gonorrhoeae in increasing numbers. Although TEM-type beta-lactamases are most often found in E. coli and K. pneumoniae, they are also found in other species of gram-negative bacteria with increasing frequency. The amino acid substitutions responsible for the ESBL phenotype cluster around the active site of the enzyme and change its configuration, allowing access to oxyimino-beta-lactam substrates. Opening the active site to beta-lactam substrates also typically enhances the susceptibility of the enzyme to b-lactamase inhibitors, such as clavulanic acid.  Although the inhibitor-resistant beta-lactamases are not ESBLs, they are often discussed with ESBLs because they are also derivatives of the classical TEM- or SHV-type enzymes. These enzymes were at first given the designation IRT for inhibitor-resistant TEM beta-lactamase; however, all have subsequently been renamed with numerical TEM designations. There are at least 19 distinct inhibitor-resistant TEM beta-lactamases. Inhibitor-resistant TEM beta-lactamases have been found mainly in clinical isolates of E. coli, but also some strains of K. pneumoniae, Klebsiella oxytoca, P. mirabilis, and Citrobacter freundii. Although the inhibitor-resistant TEM variants are resistant to inhibition by clavulanic acid and sulbactam, thereby showing clinical resistance to the beta-lactam-lactamase inhibitor combinations of amoxicillin-clavulanate (Co-amoxiclav), ticarcillin-clavulanate, and ampicillin/sulbactam, they normally remain susceptible to inhibition by tazobactam and subsequently the combination of piperacillin/tazobactam, although resistance has been described."}, "36981": {"category_aro_name": "ampicillin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36981", "category_aro_accession": "3000637", "category_aro_class_name": "Antibiotic", "category_aro_description": "Ampicillin is a penicillin derivative that is highly acid stable, with its activity similar to benzylpenicillin."}, "35923": {"category_aro_name": "monobactam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35923", "category_aro_accession": "0000004", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Monobactams are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Unlike penams and cephems, monobactams do not have any ring fused to its four-member lactam structure. Monobactam antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}}, "ARO_name": "TEM-232", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43619", "model_name": "TEM-232", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "3994": {"model_id": "3994", "ARO_accession": "3005262", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "500", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "TEM-231 is a beta-lactamase", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6358": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGAGTATTCAACATTTCCGTGTCGCCCTTATTCCCTTTTTTGCGGCATTTTGCCTTCCTGTTTTTGCTCACCCAGAAACGCTGGTGAAAGTAAAAGATGCTGAAGATCAGTTGGGTGCACGAGTGGGTTACATCGAACTGGATCTCAACAGCGGTAAGATCCTTGAGAGTTTTCGCCCCGAAGAACGTTTTCCAATGATGAGCACTTTTAAAGTTCTGCTATGTGGCGCGGTATTATCCCGTGTTGACGCCGGGCAAGAGCAACTCGGTCGCCGCATACACTATTCTCAGAATGACTTGGTTGAGTACTCACCAGTCACAGAAAAGCATCTTACGGATGGCATGACAGTAAGAGAATTATGCAGTGCTGCCATAACCATGAGTGATAACACTGCGGCCAACTTACTTCTGACAACGATCGGAGGACCGAAGGAGCTAACCGCTTTTTTGCACAACATGGGGGATCATGTAACTCGCCTTGATCGTTGGGAACCGGAGCTGAATGAAGCCATACCAAACGACGAGCGTGACACCACGATACCTGCAGCAATGGCAACAACGTTGCGCAAACTATTAACTGGCGAACTACTTACTCTAGCTTCCCGGCAACAATTAATAGACTGGATGGAGGCGGATAAAGTTGCAGGACCACTTCTGCGCTCGGCCCTTCCGGCTGGCTGGTTTATTGCTGATAAATCTGGAGCCGGTGAGCGTGGGTCTCGCGGTATCATTGCAGCACTGGGGCCAGATGGTAAGCCCTCCCGTATCGTAGTTATCTACACGACGGGGAGTCAGGCAACTATGGATGAACGAAATAGACAGATCGCTGAGATAGGTGCCTCACTGATTAAGCATTGGTAA", "fmax": "861", "accession": "NG_056418.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Escherichia coli", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "562", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "35914"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_104009855.1", "sequence": "MSIQHFRVALIPFFAAFCLPVFAHPETLVKVKDAEDQLGARVGYIELDLNSGKILESFRPEERFPMMSTFKVLLCGAVLSRVDAGQEQLGRRIHYSQNDLVEYSPVTEKHLTDGMTVRELCSAAITMSDNTAANLLLTTIGGPKELTAFLHNMGDHVTRLDRWEPELNEAIPNDERDTTIPAAMATTLRKLLTGELLTLASRQQLIDWMEADKVAGPLLRSALPAGWFIADKSGAGERGSRGIIAALGPDGKPSRIVVIYTTGSQATMDERNRQIAEIGASLIKHW"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "40360": {"category_aro_name": "penem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "40360", "category_aro_accession": "3003706", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penems are a class of unsaturated beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. All penems are all synthetically made and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. They are structurally similar to carbapenems, however, where carbapenems have a carbon, penems have a sulfur."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36023": {"category_aro_name": "TEM beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36023", "category_aro_accession": "3000014", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "TEM-1 is the most commonly-encountered beta-lactamase in gram-negative bacteria. Up to 90% of ampicillin resistance in E. coli is due to the production of TEM-1. Also responsible for the ampicillin and penicillin resistance that is seen in H. influenzae and N. gonorrhoeae in increasing numbers. Although TEM-type beta-lactamases are most often found in E. coli and K. pneumoniae, they are also found in other species of gram-negative bacteria with increasing frequency. The amino acid substitutions responsible for the ESBL phenotype cluster around the active site of the enzyme and change its configuration, allowing access to oxyimino-beta-lactam substrates. Opening the active site to beta-lactam substrates also typically enhances the susceptibility of the enzyme to b-lactamase inhibitors, such as clavulanic acid.  Although the inhibitor-resistant beta-lactamases are not ESBLs, they are often discussed with ESBLs because they are also derivatives of the classical TEM- or SHV-type enzymes. These enzymes were at first given the designation IRT for inhibitor-resistant TEM beta-lactamase; however, all have subsequently been renamed with numerical TEM designations. There are at least 19 distinct inhibitor-resistant TEM beta-lactamases. Inhibitor-resistant TEM beta-lactamases have been found mainly in clinical isolates of E. coli, but also some strains of K. pneumoniae, Klebsiella oxytoca, P. mirabilis, and Citrobacter freundii. Although the inhibitor-resistant TEM variants are resistant to inhibition by clavulanic acid and sulbactam, thereby showing clinical resistance to the beta-lactam-lactamase inhibitor combinations of amoxicillin-clavulanate (Co-amoxiclav), ticarcillin-clavulanate, and ampicillin/sulbactam, they normally remain susceptible to inhibition by tazobactam and subsequently the combination of piperacillin/tazobactam, although resistance has been described."}, "36981": {"category_aro_name": "ampicillin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36981", "category_aro_accession": "3000637", "category_aro_class_name": "Antibiotic", "category_aro_description": "Ampicillin is a penicillin derivative that is highly acid stable, with its activity similar to benzylpenicillin."}, "35923": {"category_aro_name": "monobactam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35923", "category_aro_accession": "0000004", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Monobactams are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Unlike penams and cephems, monobactams do not have any ring fused to its four-member lactam structure. Monobactam antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}}, "ARO_name": "TEM-231", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43618", "model_name": "TEM-231", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "3993": {"model_id": "3993", "ARO_accession": "3005261", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "500", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "TEM-230 is a beta-lactamase.", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6357": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGAGTATTCAACATTTTCGTGTCGCCCTTATTCCCTTTTTTGCGGCATTTTGCCTTCCTGTTTTTGCTCACCCAGAAACGCTGGTGAAAGTAAAAGATGCTGAAGATCAGTTGGGTGCACGAGTGGGTTACATCGAACTGGATCTCAACAGCGGTAAGATCCTTGAGAGTTTTCGCCCCGAAGAACGTTTTCCAATGATGAGCACTTTTAAAGTTCTGCTATGTGGTGCGGTATTATCCCGTGTTGACGCCGGGCAAGAGCAACTCGGTCGCCGCATACACTATTCTCAGAATGACTTGGTTGAGTACTCACCAGTCACAGAAAAGCATCTTACGGATGGCATGACAGTAAGAGAATTATGCAGTGCTGCCATAACCATGAGTGATAACACTGCTGCCAACTTACTTCTGACAACGATCGGAGGACCGAAGGAGCTAACCGCTTTTTTGCACAACATGGGGGATCATGTAACTCGCCTTGATCGTTGGGAACCGGAGCTGAATGAAGCCATACCAAACGACGAGCGTGACACCACGATGCCTGCAGCAATGGCAACAACGTTGCGCAAACTATTAACTGGCGAACTACTTACTCTAGCTTCCCGGCAACAATTAATAGACTGGATGGAGGCGGATAAAGTTGCAGGACCACTTCTGCGCTCGGCCCTTCCGGCTGGCTGGTTTATTGCTGATAAAACTGGAGCCGGTGAGCGTGGGTCTCGCGGTATCATTGCAGCACTGGGGCCAGATGGTAAGCCCTCCCGTATCGTAGTTATCTACATGACGGGGAGTCAGGCAACTATGGATGAACGAAATAGACAGATCGCTGAGATAGGTGCCTCACTGATTAAGCATTGGTAA", "fmax": "861", "accession": "NG_056417.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Escherichia coli", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "562", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "35914"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_104009854.1", "sequence": "MSIQHFRVALIPFFAAFCLPVFAHPETLVKVKDAEDQLGARVGYIELDLNSGKILESFRPEERFPMMSTFKVLLCGAVLSRVDAGQEQLGRRIHYSQNDLVEYSPVTEKHLTDGMTVRELCSAAITMSDNTAANLLLTTIGGPKELTAFLHNMGDHVTRLDRWEPELNEAIPNDERDTTMPAAMATTLRKLLTGELLTLASRQQLIDWMEADKVAGPLLRSALPAGWFIADKTGAGERGSRGIIAALGPDGKPSRIVVIYMTGSQATMDERNRQIAEIGASLIKHW"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "40360": {"category_aro_name": "penem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "40360", "category_aro_accession": "3003706", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penems are a class of unsaturated beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. All penems are all synthetically made and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. They are structurally similar to carbapenems, however, where carbapenems have a carbon, penems have a sulfur."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36023": {"category_aro_name": "TEM beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36023", "category_aro_accession": "3000014", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "TEM-1 is the most commonly-encountered beta-lactamase in gram-negative bacteria. Up to 90% of ampicillin resistance in E. coli is due to the production of TEM-1. Also responsible for the ampicillin and penicillin resistance that is seen in H. influenzae and N. gonorrhoeae in increasing numbers. Although TEM-type beta-lactamases are most often found in E. coli and K. pneumoniae, they are also found in other species of gram-negative bacteria with increasing frequency. The amino acid substitutions responsible for the ESBL phenotype cluster around the active site of the enzyme and change its configuration, allowing access to oxyimino-beta-lactam substrates. Opening the active site to beta-lactam substrates also typically enhances the susceptibility of the enzyme to b-lactamase inhibitors, such as clavulanic acid.  Although the inhibitor-resistant beta-lactamases are not ESBLs, they are often discussed with ESBLs because they are also derivatives of the classical TEM- or SHV-type enzymes. These enzymes were at first given the designation IRT for inhibitor-resistant TEM beta-lactamase; however, all have subsequently been renamed with numerical TEM designations. There are at least 19 distinct inhibitor-resistant TEM beta-lactamases. Inhibitor-resistant TEM beta-lactamases have been found mainly in clinical isolates of E. coli, but also some strains of K. pneumoniae, Klebsiella oxytoca, P. mirabilis, and Citrobacter freundii. Although the inhibitor-resistant TEM variants are resistant to inhibition by clavulanic acid and sulbactam, thereby showing clinical resistance to the beta-lactam-lactamase inhibitor combinations of amoxicillin-clavulanate (Co-amoxiclav), ticarcillin-clavulanate, and ampicillin/sulbactam, they normally remain susceptible to inhibition by tazobactam and subsequently the combination of piperacillin/tazobactam, although resistance has been described."}, "36981": {"category_aro_name": "ampicillin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36981", "category_aro_accession": "3000637", "category_aro_class_name": "Antibiotic", "category_aro_description": "Ampicillin is a penicillin derivative that is highly acid stable, with its activity similar to benzylpenicillin."}, "35923": {"category_aro_name": "monobactam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35923", "category_aro_accession": "0000004", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Monobactams are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Unlike penams and cephems, monobactams do not have any ring fused to its four-member lactam structure. Monobactam antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}}, "ARO_name": "TEM-230", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43617", "model_name": "TEM-230", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "3992": {"model_id": "3992", "ARO_accession": "3005260", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "500", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "TEM-229 is a beta-lactamase.", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6356": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGAGTATTCAACATTTCCGTGTCGCCCTTATTCCCTTTTTTGCGGCATTTTGCCTTCCTGTTTTTGCTCACCCAGAAACGCTGGTGAAAGTAAAAGATGCTGAAGATCAGTTGGGTGCACGAGTGGGTTACATCGAACTGGATCTCAACAGCGGTAAGATCCTTGAGAGTTTTCGCCCCGAAGAACGTTTTCCAATGATGAGCACTTTTAAAGTTCTGCTATGTGGCGCGGTATTATCCCGTATTGACGCCGGGCAAGAGCAACTCGGTCGCCGCATACACTATTCTCAGAATGACTTGGTTGAGTACTCACCAGTCACAGAAAAGCATCTTACGGATGGCATGACAGTAAGAGAATTATGCAGTGCTGCCATAACCATGAGTGATAACACTGCGGCCAACTTACTTCTGACAACGATCGGAGGACCGAAGGAGCTAACCGCTTTTTTGCACAACATGGGGGATCATGTAACTCGCCTTGATCGTTGGGAACCGGAGCTGAATGAAGCCATACCAAACGACGAGCGTGACACCACGATGCCTGTAGCAATGGCAACAACGTTGCGCAAACTATTAACTGGCGAACTACTTACTCTAGCTTCCCGGCAACAATTAATAGACTGGATGGAGGCGGATAAAGTTGCAGGACCACTTCTGCGCTCGGCCCTTCCGGCTGGCTGGTTTATTGCTGATAAATCTGGAGCCGGTGAGCGTGGGTCTCGCGGTATCATTGCAGCACTGGGGCCAGATGGTAAGCCCTCCCGTGTCGTAGTTATCTACACGACGGGGAGTCAGGCAACTATGGATGAACGAAATAGACAGATCGCTGAGATAGGTGCCTCACTGATTAAGCATTGGTAA", "fmax": "861", "accession": "NG_056416.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Bacteria", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "2", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "35506"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_080699425.1", "sequence": "MSIQHFRVALIPFFAAFCLPVFAHPETLVKVKDAEDQLGARVGYIELDLNSGKILESFRPEERFPMMSTFKVLLCGAVLSRIDAGQEQLGRRIHYSQNDLVEYSPVTEKHLTDGMTVRELCSAAITMSDNTAANLLLTTIGGPKELTAFLHNMGDHVTRLDRWEPELNEAIPNDERDTTMPVAMATTLRKLLTGELLTLASRQQLIDWMEADKVAGPLLRSALPAGWFIADKSGAGERGSRGIIAALGPDGKPSRVVVIYTTGSQATMDERNRQIAEIGASLIKHW"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "40360": {"category_aro_name": "penem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "40360", "category_aro_accession": "3003706", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penems are a class of unsaturated beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. All penems are all synthetically made and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. They are structurally similar to carbapenems, however, where carbapenems have a carbon, penems have a sulfur."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36023": {"category_aro_name": "TEM beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36023", "category_aro_accession": "3000014", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "TEM-1 is the most commonly-encountered beta-lactamase in gram-negative bacteria. Up to 90% of ampicillin resistance in E. coli is due to the production of TEM-1. Also responsible for the ampicillin and penicillin resistance that is seen in H. influenzae and N. gonorrhoeae in increasing numbers. Although TEM-type beta-lactamases are most often found in E. coli and K. pneumoniae, they are also found in other species of gram-negative bacteria with increasing frequency. The amino acid substitutions responsible for the ESBL phenotype cluster around the active site of the enzyme and change its configuration, allowing access to oxyimino-beta-lactam substrates. Opening the active site to beta-lactam substrates also typically enhances the susceptibility of the enzyme to b-lactamase inhibitors, such as clavulanic acid.  Although the inhibitor-resistant beta-lactamases are not ESBLs, they are often discussed with ESBLs because they are also derivatives of the classical TEM- or SHV-type enzymes. These enzymes were at first given the designation IRT for inhibitor-resistant TEM beta-lactamase; however, all have subsequently been renamed with numerical TEM designations. There are at least 19 distinct inhibitor-resistant TEM beta-lactamases. Inhibitor-resistant TEM beta-lactamases have been found mainly in clinical isolates of E. coli, but also some strains of K. pneumoniae, Klebsiella oxytoca, P. mirabilis, and Citrobacter freundii. Although the inhibitor-resistant TEM variants are resistant to inhibition by clavulanic acid and sulbactam, thereby showing clinical resistance to the beta-lactam-lactamase inhibitor combinations of amoxicillin-clavulanate (Co-amoxiclav), ticarcillin-clavulanate, and ampicillin/sulbactam, they normally remain susceptible to inhibition by tazobactam and subsequently the combination of piperacillin/tazobactam, although resistance has been described."}, "36981": {"category_aro_name": "ampicillin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36981", "category_aro_accession": "3000637", "category_aro_class_name": "Antibiotic", "category_aro_description": "Ampicillin is a penicillin derivative that is highly acid stable, with its activity similar to benzylpenicillin."}, "35923": {"category_aro_name": "monobactam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35923", "category_aro_accession": "0000004", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Monobactams are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Unlike penams and cephems, monobactams do not have any ring fused to its four-member lactam structure. Monobactam antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}}, "ARO_name": "TEM-229", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43616", "model_name": "TEM-229", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "3991": {"model_id": "3991", "ARO_accession": "3005259", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "500", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "TEM-228 is a beta lactamase.", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6355": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGAGTATTCAACATTTTCGTGTCGCCCTTATTCCCTTTTTTGCGGCATTTTGCCTTCCTGTTTTTGCTCACCCAGAAACGCTGGTGAAAGTAAAAGATGCTGAAGATCAGTTGGGTGCACGAGTGGGTTACATCGAACTGGATCTCAACAGCGGTAAGATCCTTGAGAGTTTTCGCCCCGAAGAACGTTTTCCAATGATGAGCACTTTTAAAGTTCTGCTATGTGGTGCGGTATTATCCCGTGTTGACGCCGGGCAAGAGCAACTCGGTCGCCGCATACACTATTCTCAGAATGACTTGGTTGAGTACTCACCAGTCACAGAAAAGCATCTTACGGATGGCATGACAGTAAGAGAATTATGCAGTGCTGCCATAACCATGAGTGATAACACTGCTGCCAACTTACTTCTGACAACGATCGGAGGACCGAAGGAGCTAACCGCTTTTTTGCACAACATGGGGGATCATGTAACTCGCCTTGATCGTTGGGAACCGGAGCTGAATGAAGCCATACCAAACGACGAGCGTGACACCACGATGCCTGCAACAATGGCAACAACGTTGCGCAAACTATTAACTGGCGAACTACTTACTCTAGCTTCCCGGCAACAATTAATAGACTGGATGGAGGCGGATAAAGTTGCAGGACCACTTCTGCGCTCGGCCCTTCCGGCTGGCTGGTTTATTGCTGATAAATCTGGAGCCGGTGAGCGTGGGTCTCGCGGTATCATTGCAGCACTGGGGCCAGATGGTAAGCCCTCCCGTATCGTAGTTATCTACACGACGGGGAGTCAGGCAACTATGGATGAACGAAATAGACAGATCGCTGAGATAGGTGCCTCACTGATTAAGCATTGGTAA", "fmax": "861", "accession": "NG_068038.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Neisseria gonorrhoeae", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "485", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "36806"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_164461302.1", "sequence": "MSIQHFRVALIPFFAAFCLPVFAHPETLVKVKDAEDQLGARVGYIELDLNSGKILESFRPEERFPMMSTFKVLLCGAVLSRVDAGQEQLGRRIHYSQNDLVEYSPVTEKHLTDGMTVRELCSAAITMSDNTAANLLLTTIGGPKELTAFLHNMGDHVTRLDRWEPELNEAIPNDERDTTMPATMATTLRKLLTGELLTLASRQQLIDWMEADKVAGPLLRSALPAGWFIADKSGAGERGSRGIIAALGPDGKPSRIVVIYTTGSQATMDERNRQIAEIGASLIKHW"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "40360": {"category_aro_name": "penem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "40360", "category_aro_accession": "3003706", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penems are a class of unsaturated beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. All penems are all synthetically made and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. They are structurally similar to carbapenems, however, where carbapenems have a carbon, penems have a sulfur."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36023": {"category_aro_name": "TEM beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36023", "category_aro_accession": "3000014", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "TEM-1 is the most commonly-encountered beta-lactamase in gram-negative bacteria. Up to 90% of ampicillin resistance in E. coli is due to the production of TEM-1. Also responsible for the ampicillin and penicillin resistance that is seen in H. influenzae and N. gonorrhoeae in increasing numbers. Although TEM-type beta-lactamases are most often found in E. coli and K. pneumoniae, they are also found in other species of gram-negative bacteria with increasing frequency. The amino acid substitutions responsible for the ESBL phenotype cluster around the active site of the enzyme and change its configuration, allowing access to oxyimino-beta-lactam substrates. Opening the active site to beta-lactam substrates also typically enhances the susceptibility of the enzyme to b-lactamase inhibitors, such as clavulanic acid.  Although the inhibitor-resistant beta-lactamases are not ESBLs, they are often discussed with ESBLs because they are also derivatives of the classical TEM- or SHV-type enzymes. These enzymes were at first given the designation IRT for inhibitor-resistant TEM beta-lactamase; however, all have subsequently been renamed with numerical TEM designations. There are at least 19 distinct inhibitor-resistant TEM beta-lactamases. Inhibitor-resistant TEM beta-lactamases have been found mainly in clinical isolates of E. coli, but also some strains of K. pneumoniae, Klebsiella oxytoca, P. mirabilis, and Citrobacter freundii. Although the inhibitor-resistant TEM variants are resistant to inhibition by clavulanic acid and sulbactam, thereby showing clinical resistance to the beta-lactam-lactamase inhibitor combinations of amoxicillin-clavulanate (Co-amoxiclav), ticarcillin-clavulanate, and ampicillin/sulbactam, they normally remain susceptible to inhibition by tazobactam and subsequently the combination of piperacillin/tazobactam, although resistance has been described."}, "36981": {"category_aro_name": "ampicillin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36981", "category_aro_accession": "3000637", "category_aro_class_name": "Antibiotic", "category_aro_description": "Ampicillin is a penicillin derivative that is highly acid stable, with its activity similar to benzylpenicillin."}, "35923": {"category_aro_name": "monobactam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35923", "category_aro_accession": "0000004", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Monobactams are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Unlike penams and cephems, monobactams do not have any ring fused to its four-member lactam structure. Monobactam antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}}, "ARO_name": "TEM-228", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43615", "model_name": "TEM-228", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "3990": {"model_id": "3990", "ARO_accession": "3005258", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "500", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "TEM-227 is a beta-lactamase.", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6354": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGAGTATTCAACATTTCCGTGTCGCCCTTATTCCCTTTTTTGCGGCATTTTGCCTTCCTGTTTTTGCTCACCCAGAAACGCTGGTGAAAGTAAAAGATGCTGAAGATAAGTTGGGTGCACGAGTGGGTTACATCGAGCTGGATCTCAACAGCGGTAAGATCCTTGAGAGTTTTCGCCCCGAAGAACGTTTTCCAATGATGAGCACTTTTAAAGTTCTGCTATGTGGTGCGGTATTATCCCGTGTTGACGCCGGGCAAGAGCAACTCGGTCGCCGCATACACTATTCTCAGAATGACTTGGTTAAGTACTCACCAGTCACAGAAAAGCATCTTACGAATGGCATGACAGTAAGAGAATTATGCAGTGCTGCCATAACCATGAGTGATAACACTGCGGCCAACTTACTTCTGACAACGATCGGAGGACCGAAGGAGCTAACCGCTTTTTTGCACAACATGGGGGATCATGTAACCCGCCTTGATCGTTGGGAACCGGAGCTGAATGAAGCCATACCAAACGACGAGCGTGACACCACGATGCCTGCAGCAATGGCAACAACGTTGCGCAAACTATTAACTGGCGAACTACTTACTCTAGCTTCCCGGCAACAATTAATAGACTGGATGGAGGCGGATAAAGTTGCAGGACCACTTCTGCGCTCGGCCCTTCCGGCTGGCTGGTTTATTGCTGATAAATCTGGAGCCAGTGAGCGTGGATCTCGCGGTATCATTGCAGCACTGGGGCCAGATGGTAAGCCCTCCCGTATCGTAGTTATCTACACGACGGGGAGTCAGGCAACTATGGATGAACGAAATAGACAGATCGCTGAGATAGGTACCTCACTGATTAAGCATTGGTAA", "fmax": "861", "accession": "NG_054696.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Escherichia coli", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "562", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "35914"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_085562406.1", "sequence": "MSIQHFRVALIPFFAAFCLPVFAHPETLVKVKDAEDKLGARVGYIELDLNSGKILESFRPEERFPMMSTFKVLLCGAVLSRVDAGQEQLGRRIHYSQNDLVKYSPVTEKHLTNGMTVRELCSAAITMSDNTAANLLLTTIGGPKELTAFLHNMGDHVTRLDRWEPELNEAIPNDERDTTMPAAMATTLRKLLTGELLTLASRQQLIDWMEADKVAGPLLRSALPAGWFIADKSGASERGSRGIIAALGPDGKPSRIVVIYTTGSQATMDERNRQIAEIGTSLIKHW"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "40360": {"category_aro_name": "penem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "40360", "category_aro_accession": "3003706", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penems are a class of unsaturated beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. All penems are all synthetically made and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. They are structurally similar to carbapenems, however, where carbapenems have a carbon, penems have a sulfur."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36023": {"category_aro_name": "TEM beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36023", "category_aro_accession": "3000014", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "TEM-1 is the most commonly-encountered beta-lactamase in gram-negative bacteria. Up to 90% of ampicillin resistance in E. coli is due to the production of TEM-1. Also responsible for the ampicillin and penicillin resistance that is seen in H. influenzae and N. gonorrhoeae in increasing numbers. Although TEM-type beta-lactamases are most often found in E. coli and K. pneumoniae, they are also found in other species of gram-negative bacteria with increasing frequency. The amino acid substitutions responsible for the ESBL phenotype cluster around the active site of the enzyme and change its configuration, allowing access to oxyimino-beta-lactam substrates. Opening the active site to beta-lactam substrates also typically enhances the susceptibility of the enzyme to b-lactamase inhibitors, such as clavulanic acid.  Although the inhibitor-resistant beta-lactamases are not ESBLs, they are often discussed with ESBLs because they are also derivatives of the classical TEM- or SHV-type enzymes. These enzymes were at first given the designation IRT for inhibitor-resistant TEM beta-lactamase; however, all have subsequently been renamed with numerical TEM designations. There are at least 19 distinct inhibitor-resistant TEM beta-lactamases. Inhibitor-resistant TEM beta-lactamases have been found mainly in clinical isolates of E. coli, but also some strains of K. pneumoniae, Klebsiella oxytoca, P. mirabilis, and Citrobacter freundii. Although the inhibitor-resistant TEM variants are resistant to inhibition by clavulanic acid and sulbactam, thereby showing clinical resistance to the beta-lactam-lactamase inhibitor combinations of amoxicillin-clavulanate (Co-amoxiclav), ticarcillin-clavulanate, and ampicillin/sulbactam, they normally remain susceptible to inhibition by tazobactam and subsequently the combination of piperacillin/tazobactam, although resistance has been described."}, "36981": {"category_aro_name": "ampicillin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36981", "category_aro_accession": "3000637", "category_aro_class_name": "Antibiotic", "category_aro_description": "Ampicillin is a penicillin derivative that is highly acid stable, with its activity similar to benzylpenicillin."}, "35923": {"category_aro_name": "monobactam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35923", "category_aro_accession": "0000004", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Monobactams are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Unlike penams and cephems, monobactams do not have any ring fused to its four-member lactam structure. Monobactam antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}}, "ARO_name": "TEM-227", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43614", "model_name": "TEM-227", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "3939": {"model_id": "3939", "ARO_accession": "3005218", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "700", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "CMY-89 is a beta-lactamase found in Escherichia coli. It confers resistance to cephamycin. Detected directly from NCBI and submitted without publication on 01-MAY-2017.", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6302": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGATGAAAAAATCGTTATGCTGCGCTCTGCTGCTGACAGCCTCTTTCTCCACATTTGCTGCCGCAAAAACAGAACAACAGATTGCCGATATCGTTAATCGCACCATCCCCCCGTTGATGCAGGAGCAGGCTATTCCGGGTATGGCCGTTGCCGTTATCTACCAGGGAAAACCCTATTATTTCACCTGGGGTAAAGCCGATATCGCCAATAACCACCCAGTCACGCAGCAAACGCTGTTTGAGCTAGGATCGGTTAGTAAGACGTTTAACGGCGTGTTGGGCGGCGATGCTATCGCCCGCGGCGAAATTAAGCTCAGCGATCCGGTCACGAAATACTGGCCAGAACTGACAGGCAAACAGTGGCAGGGTATCCGCCTGCTGCACTTAGCCACCTATACGGCAGGCGGCCTACCGCTGCAGATCCCCGATGACGTTAGGGATAAAGCCGCATTACTGCATTTTTATCAAAACTGGCAGCCGCAATGGACTCCGGGCGCTAAGCGACTTTACGCTAACTCCAGCATTGGTCTGTTTGGCGCGCTGGCGGTGAAACCCTCAGGAATGAGTTACGAAGAGGCAATGACCAGACGCGTCCTGCAACCATTAAAACTGGCGCATACCTGGATTACGGTTCCGCAGAACGAACAAAAAGATTATGCCTGGGGCTATCGCGAAGGGAAGCCCGTACACGTTTCTCCGGGACAACTTGACGCCGAAGCCTATGGCGTGAAATCCAGCGTTATTGATATGGCCCGCTGGGTTCAGGCCAACATGGATGCCAGCCACGTTCAGGAGAAAACGCTCCAGCAGGGCATTGCGCTTGCGCAGTCTCGCTACTGGCGTATTGGCGATATGTACCAGGGATTAGGCTGGGAGATGCTGAACTGGCCGCTGAAAGCTGATTCGATCATCAACGGCAGCGACAGCAAAGTGGCATTGGCAGCGCTTCCCGCCGTTGAGGTAAACCCGCCCGCCCCCGCAGTGAAAGCCTCATGGGTGCATAAAACGGGCTCCACTGGTGGATTTGGCAGCTACGTAGCCTTCGTTCCAGAAAAAAACCTTGGCATCGTGATGCTGGCAAACAAAAGCTATCCTAACCCTGTCCGTGTCGAGGCGGCCTGGCGCATTCTTGAAAAGCTGCAATAA", "fmax": "1146", "accession": "MF042206", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Escherichia coli", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "562", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "35914"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "ARQ85812.1", "sequence": "MMKKSLCCALLLTASFSTFAAAKTEQQIADIVNRTIPPLMQEQAIPGMAVAVIYQGKPYYFTWGKADIANNHPVTQQTLFELGSVSKTFNGVLGGDAIARGEIKLSDPVTKYWPELTGKQWQGIRLLHLATYTAGGLPLQIPDDVRDKAALLHFYQNWQPQWTPGAKRLYANSSIGLFGALAVKPSGMSYEEAMTRRVLQPLKLAHTWITVPQNEQKDYAWGYREGKPVHVSPGQLDAEAYGVKSSVIDMARWVQANMDASHVQEKTLQQGIALAQSRYWRIGDMYQGLGWEMLNWPLKADSIINGSDSKVALAALPAVEVNPPAPAVKASWVHKTGSTGGFGSYVAFVPEKNLGIVMLANKSYPNPVRVEAAWRILEKLQ"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "36208": {"category_aro_name": "CMY beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36208", "category_aro_accession": "3000069", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "CMY beta-lactamases are plasmid-mediated class C beta-lactamases that encodes for resistance to cephamycins."}, "35962": {"category_aro_name": "cephamycin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35962", "category_aro_accession": "0000044", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephamycins are a group of beta-lactam antibiotics, very similar to cephalosporins. Together with cephalosporins, they form a sub-group of antibiotics known as cephems. Cephamycins are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms. The 7-alpha-methoxy group increases resistance to beta-lactamases."}}, "ARO_name": "CMY-153", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43574", "model_name": "CMY-153", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "3938": {"model_id": "3938", "ARO_accession": "3002102", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "700", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "CMY-89 is a beta-lactamase found in Citrobacter freundii. It confers resistance to cephamycin.", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6301": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGATGAAAAAATCGTTATGCTGCGCGCTGCTGCTGACAGCCTCTTTCCCCACGTTTGCTGCCGCAAAAACAGAACAACAAATTGCCGATATCGTTAACCGCACCATCACACCACTGATGCAGGAGCAGGCTATTCCGGGTATGGCCGTGGCGATTATCTACGAGGGGAAACCTTATTACTTTACCTGGGGTAAAGCCGATATCGCCAATAAACACCCAGTCACGCAGCAAACGCTGTTTGAGCTAGGGTCGGTCAGTAAGACGTTTAACGGCGTGTTGGGCGGCGACGCTATCGCCCGCGGCGAAATTAAGCTCAGCGATCCGGTCACGAAATACTGGCCAGAACTGACAGGCAAACAGTGGCGGGGTATCAGCCTGCTGCACTTAGCCACCTATACAGCGGGTGGCCTGCCGCTGCAGATCCCCGATGACGTTACGGATAAAGCCGAATTACTGCGCTTTTATCAAAACTGGCAACCACAATGGACTCCGGGCGCTAAGCGTCTTTACGCTAACTCCAGCATTGGTCTGTTTGGTGCGCTGGTGGTAAAACCTTCAGGTATGAGCTACGAAGAGGCAATGACCAGACGCGTCCTGCAACCATTAAAACTGGCGCATACCTGGATTACGGTTCCGCAAAGCGAACAAAAAAATTATGCCTGGGGCTATCGCGAAGGGAAGCCTGTACACGTTTCTCCGGGACAACTTGACGCCGAAGCCTATGGCGTGAAATCCAGCGTTATCGATATGGCCCGCTGGGTTCAGGCCAACATGGACGCCAGCCACGTTCAGGAGAAAACGCTCCAGCAGGGCATTGAGCTTGCGCAGTCTCGCTACTGGCGTATTGGTGATATGTACCAGGGATTAGGCTGGGAGATGCTGAACTGGCCGCTGAAAGCTGATTCGATCATCAACGGCAGCGACAGCAAAGTGGCATTGGCAGCGCTTCCCGCCGTTGAGGTAAACCCGCCAGTACCTGCCGTGAAAGCCTCATGGGTGCATAAAACGGGATCCACAGGTGGATTTGGCAGCTACGTTGCCTTCGTTCCAGAAAAAAACCTTGGCATAGTGATGCTGGCAAACAAAAGCTATCCTAACCCTGTCCGCGTCGAGGCGGCCTGGCGCATTCTTGAAAAACTGCAATAA", "fmax": "1146", "accession": "HE819403", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Citrobacter freundii", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "546", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "36915"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "CCK86742.1", "sequence": "MMKKSLCCALLLTASFPTFAAAKTEQQIADIVNRTITPLMQEQAIPGMAVAIIYEGKPYYFTWGKADIANKHPVTQQTLFELGSVSKTFNGVLGGDAIARGEIKLSDPVTKYWPELTGKQWRGISLLHLATYTAGGLPLQIPDDVTDKAELLRFYQNWQPQWTPGAKRLYANSSIGLFGALVVKPSGMSYEEAMTRRVLQPLKLAHTWITVPQSEQKNYAWGYREGKPVHVSPGQLDAEAYGVKSSVIDMARWVQANMDASHVQEKTLQQGIELAQSRYWRIGDMYQGLGWEMLNWPLKADSIINGSDSKVALAALPAVEVNPPVPAVKASWVHKTGSTGGFGSYVAFVPEKNLGIVMLANKSYPNPVRVEAAWRILEKLQ"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "36208": {"category_aro_name": "CMY beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36208", "category_aro_accession": "3000069", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "CMY beta-lactamases are plasmid-mediated class C beta-lactamases that encodes for resistance to cephamycins."}, "35962": {"category_aro_name": "cephamycin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35962", "category_aro_accession": "0000044", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephamycins are a group of beta-lactam antibiotics, very similar to cephalosporins. Together with cephalosporins, they form a sub-group of antibiotics known as cephems. Cephamycins are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms. The 7-alpha-methoxy group increases resistance to beta-lactamases."}}, "ARO_name": "CMY-89", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "38502", "model_name": "CMY-89", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "3935": {"model_id": "3935", "ARO_accession": "3003136", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "700", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "CMY-128 is a beta-lactamase found in Citrobacter freundii. It confers resistance to cephamycin. Detected directly from NCBI and submitted without publication on 18-OCT-2014.", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6298": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGATGAAAAAATCGATATGCTGCGCACTGCTGCTGACAGCCTCTTTCTCCACGTTTGCTGCCGCAAAAACAGAACAACAAATTGCCGATATCGTTAACCGCACCATCACACCACTGATGCAGGAGCGGGCTATTCCGGGTATGGCCGTGGCGATTATCTACGAGGGGAAACCTTATTACTTTACCTGGGGTAAAGCCGATATCGCCAATAACCACCCAGTCACGCAGCAAACGCTGTTTGAGCTAGGGTCGGTCAGTAAGACGTTTAACGGCGTGTTGGGCGGCGACGCTATCGCCCGCGGCGAAATTAAGCTCAGCGATCCGGTCACGAAATACTGGCCAGAACTGACAGGCAAACAGTGGCGGGGTATCAGCCTGCTGCACTTAGCCACCTATACAGCGGGTGGCCTGCCGCTGCAGATCCCCGATGACGTTACGGATAAAACCGAATTACTGCGCTTTTATCAAAACTGGCAACCACAATGGACTCCGGGCGCTAAGCGTCTTTACGCTAACTCCAGCATTGGTCTGTTTGGTGCGCTGGTAGTAAAACCTTCAGGTATGAGCTACGAAGAGGCAATGACCAGACGCGTCCTGCAACCATTAAAACTGGCGCATACCTGGATTACGGTTCCGCAAAGCGAACAAAAAAATTATGCCTGGGGCTATCGCGAAGGGAAGCCTGTACACGTTTCTCCGGGGCAACTTGACGCCGAAGCCTATGGCGTGAAATCCAGCGTTATCGATATGGCCCGCTGGGTTCAGGCCAACATGGACGCCAGCCTCGTTCAGGAGAAAACGCTCCAGCAGGGCATTGAGCTTGCGCAGTCTCGCTACTGGCGTATTGGTGATATGTACCAGGGATTAGGCTGGGAGATGCTGAACTGGCCGCTGAAAGCTGATTCGATCATCAACGGCAGCGACAGCAAAGTGGCATTGGCAGCGCTTCCCGCCGTTGAGGTAAACCCGCCAGCACCTGCCGTGAAAGCCTCATGGGTGCATAAAACAGGATCCACAGGCGGATTTGGCAGCTACGTTGCCTTCGTTCCAGAAAAAAACCTTGGCATCGTAATGTTGGCAAACAAAAGCTACCCCAACCCGGCTCGCGTCGAGGCGGCCTGGCGCATTCTTGAAAAACTGCAATAA", "fmax": "1146", "accession": "KM985466", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Citrobacter freundii", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "546", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "36915"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "AKO62865.1", "sequence": "MMKKSICCALLLTASFSTFAAAKTEQQIADIVNRTITPLMQERAIPGMAVAIIYEGKPYYFTWGKADIANNHPVTQQTLFELGSVSKTFNGVLGGDAIARGEIKLSDPVTKYWPELTGKQWRGISLLHLATYTAGGLPLQIPDDVTDKTELLRFYQNWQPQWTPGAKRLYANSSIGLFGALVVKPSGMSYEEAMTRRVLQPLKLAHTWITVPQSEQKNYAWGYREGKPVHVSPGQLDAEAYGVKSSVIDMARWVQANMDASLVQEKTLQQGIELAQSRYWRIGDMYQGLGWEMLNWPLKADSIINGSDSKVALAALPAVEVNPPAPAVKASWVHKTGSTGGFGSYVAFVPEKNLGIVMLANKSYPNPARVEAAWRILEKLQ"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "36208": {"category_aro_name": "CMY beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36208", "category_aro_accession": "3000069", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "CMY beta-lactamases are plasmid-mediated class C beta-lactamases that encodes for resistance to cephamycins."}, "35962": {"category_aro_name": "cephamycin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35962", "category_aro_accession": "0000044", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephamycins are a group of beta-lactam antibiotics, very similar to cephalosporins. Together with cephalosporins, they form a sub-group of antibiotics known as cephems. Cephamycins are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms. The 7-alpha-methoxy group increases resistance to beta-lactamases."}}, "ARO_name": "CMY-128", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "39713", "model_name": "CMY-128", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "3934": {"model_id": "3934", "ARO_accession": "3005217", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "700", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "CMY-151 is a beta-lactamase found in Citrobacter freundii. It confers resistance to cephamycin. Detected directly from NCBI and submitted without publication on 17-MAR-2017.", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6297": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "1", "sequence": "TTATTGCAGTTTTTCAAGAATGCGCCAGGCCGCCTCTACGCGAGCCGGGTTAGGATAGCTTTTGTTTGCCAGCATCACTATGCCAAGGTTTTTTTCTGGAACGAAGGCAACGTAGCTGCCAAATCCACCTGTGGATCCCGTTTTATGCACCCATGAGGCTTTCACGGCAGGTGCTGGCGGGTTTACCTCAACGGCGGGAAGCGCTGCCAATGCCACTTTGCTGTCACTGCCGTTGATGATCGAATCAGCTTTCAGCGGCCAGTTCAGCATCTCCCAGCCTAATCCCTGGTACATATCACCAATACGCCAGTAGCGAGACTGCGCAAGCTCAATGCCCTGCTGGAGCGTTTTCTCCTGAACGTGGCTGGCGTCCATGTTGGCCTGAACCCAGCGGGCCATATCGATAACGCTGGATTTCACGCCATAGGCTTCGGCGTCAAGTTGTCCCGGAGAAACGTGCACAGGCTTCCCTTCGAGATAGCCCCAGGCATAGTTTTTTTGTTCGCTTTGCGGAACCGTAATCCAGGTATGCGCCAGTTTTAATGGTTGCAGGACGCGTCTGGTCATTGCCTCTTCGTAGCTCATACCTGAAGATTTCACCGCCAGCGCACCAAACAGACCAATGCTGGAGTTAGCGTAAAGACGCTTAGCGCCCGGAGTCCATTGTGGTTGCCAGTTTTGATAAAAGCGCAGTAATTCGGCTTTATCCGTAACGTCATCGGGGATCTGCAGCGGCAGGCCACCCGCTGTATAGGTGGCTAAGTGCAGCATGCTGATACCCCGCCACTGTTTGCCTGTCAGTTCTGGCCAGTATTTCGTGACCGGATCGCTGAGCTTAATTTCGCCGCGGGCGATAGCGTCGCCGCCCAACACGCCGTTAAACGTCTTACTGACCGACCCTAGCTCAAACAGCGTTTGCTGCGTGACTGGGTGGTTATTGGCGATATCGGCTTTACCCCAGGTAAAGTAATAAGGTTTCCCCTCGTAGATAATCGCCACGGCCATACCCGGAATAGCCTGCTCCTGCATCAGTGGTGTGATGGTGCGGTTAACGATATCGGCAATTTGTTGTTCTGTTTTTGCGGCAGCAAACGTGGAGAAAGAGGCTGTCAGCAGCAGCGCGCAGCATATCGATTTTTTCATCAT", "fmax": "1146", "accession": "KY780116", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Citrobacter freundii", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "546", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "36915"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "ARE65229.1", "sequence": "MMKKSICCALLLTASFSTFAAAKTEQQIADIVNRTITPLMQEQAIPGMAVAIIYEGKPYYFTWGKADIANNHPVTQQTLFELGSVSKTFNGVLGGDAIARGEIKLSDPVTKYWPELTGKQWRGISMLHLATYTAGGLPLQIPDDVTDKAELLRFYQNWQPQWTPGAKRLYANSSIGLFGALAVKSSGMSYEEAMTRRVLQPLKLAHTWITVPQSEQKNYAWGYLEGKPVHVSPGQLDAEAYGVKSSVIDMARWVQANMDASHVQEKTLQQGIELAQSRYWRIGDMYQGLGWEMLNWPLKADSIINGSDSKVALAALPAVEVNPPAPAVKASWVHKTGSTGGFGSYVAFVPEKNLGIVMLANKSYPNPARVEAAWRILEKLQ"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "36208": {"category_aro_name": "CMY beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36208", "category_aro_accession": "3000069", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "CMY beta-lactamases are plasmid-mediated class C beta-lactamases that encodes for resistance to cephamycins."}, "35962": {"category_aro_name": "cephamycin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35962", "category_aro_accession": "0000044", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephamycins are a group of beta-lactam antibiotics, very similar to cephalosporins. Together with cephalosporins, they form a sub-group of antibiotics known as cephems. Cephamycins are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms. The 7-alpha-methoxy group increases resistance to beta-lactamases."}}, "ARO_name": "CMY-151", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43573", "model_name": "CMY-151", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "3937": {"model_id": "3937", "ARO_accession": "3003135", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "700", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "CMY-127 is a beta-lactamase found in Citrobacter freundii. It confers resistance to cephamycin. Detected directly from NCBI and submitted without publication on 18-OCT-2014.", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6300": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGATGAAAAAATCGTTATGCTGCGCTCTGCTGCTGACAGCCCCTTTATCCACGTTTGCCGCCGCCAAAACAGAACAACAGATTGCCGATATCGTTAATCGCACCATCACCCCGTTGATGCAGGAGCAGGCTATTCCGGGTATGGCTATTGCCGTTATCTACCAGGGAAAACCCTATTATTTCACCTGGGGTAAAGCCGATATCACCAATAACCACCCAGTCACGCAGCAAACTCTGTTTGAGCTAGGGTCGGTCAGTAAGACGTTTAACGGCGTGTTGGGCGGCGATGCTATCGCCCGCGGCGAAATTAAGCTCAGCGATCCGGTCACGAAATACCGGCCAGAACTGACAGGCAAACAGTGGCAGGGTATCAGCCTGCTGCACTTAGCCACCTACACGGCAGGCGGCCTGCCGCTGCAGATCCCCGATGACGTTACGGATAAAGCCGCATTACTGCGTTTTTATCAAAACTGGCAGCCGCAATGGGCCCCGGGCGCTAAGCGTCTTTACGCTAACTCCAGCATTGGTCTTTTTGGCGCGCTGGCGGTGAACCCCTCAGGAATGAGTTACGAAGAGGCAATGACCAGACGCGTCCTGCAACCATTAAAACTGGCGCATACCTGGATTACAGTTCCGCAGAACGAACAAAAAGATTATGCCTGGGGCTATCGCGAAGGGAAGGCTGTACACGTTTCTCCGGGACAACTTGACGCCGAAGCCTATGGCGTGAAATCCAGTGTTATTGATATGGCCCGCTGGGTTCAGGTCAACATGGACGCCAGCCGCGTTCAGGAGAAAACGCTCCAGCAGGGCATTGCGCTTGCGCAGTCTCGCTACTGGCGTATTGGCGATATGTACCAGGGATTAGGATGGGAGATGCTGAACTGGCCGCTGAAAGCTGATTCGATCATCAACGGTAGCGACAGCAAAGTGGCATTGGCAGCGCTTCCCGCCGTTGAGGTAAACCCGCCCGCCCCCGCAGTGAAAGCCTCATGGGTGCATAAAACGGGATCCACTGGAGGATTTGGCAGCTACGTAGCCTTCGTTCCAGAAAAAAACCTTGGCATCGTGATGCTGGCAAACAAAAGCTATCCTAACCCTGTCCGTGTCGAGGCGGCCTGGCGCATTCTTGAAAAGCTGCAATAA", "fmax": "1146", "accession": "KM985465", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Citrobacter freundii", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "546", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "36915"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "AKO62864.1", "sequence": "MMKKSLCCALLLTAPLSTFAAAKTEQQIADIVNRTITPLMQEQAIPGMAIAVIYQGKPYYFTWGKADITNNHPVTQQTLFELGSVSKTFNGVLGGDAIARGEIKLSDPVTKYRPELTGKQWQGISLLHLATYTAGGLPLQIPDDVTDKAALLRFYQNWQPQWAPGAKRLYANSSIGLFGALAVNPSGMSYEEAMTRRVLQPLKLAHTWITVPQNEQKDYAWGYREGKAVHVSPGQLDAEAYGVKSSVIDMARWVQVNMDASRVQEKTLQQGIALAQSRYWRIGDMYQGLGWEMLNWPLKADSIINGSDSKVALAALPAVEVNPPAPAVKASWVHKTGSTGGFGSYVAFVPEKNLGIVMLANKSYPNPVRVEAAWRILEKLQ"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "36208": {"category_aro_name": "CMY beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36208", "category_aro_accession": "3000069", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "CMY beta-lactamases are plasmid-mediated class C beta-lactamases that encodes for resistance to cephamycins."}, "35962": {"category_aro_name": "cephamycin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35962", "category_aro_accession": "0000044", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephamycins are a group of beta-lactam antibiotics, very similar to cephalosporins. Together with cephalosporins, they form a sub-group of antibiotics known as cephems. Cephamycins are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms. The 7-alpha-methoxy group increases resistance to beta-lactamases."}}, "ARO_name": "CMY-127", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "39712", "model_name": "CMY-127", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "3936": {"model_id": "3936", "ARO_accession": "3003137", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "700", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "CMY-129 is a beta-lactamase found in Citrobacter freundii. It confers resistance to cephamycin. Detected directly from NCBI and submitted without publication on 18-OCT-2014.", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6299": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGATGAAAAAATCGTTATGCTGCGCTCTGCTGCTGACAGCCCCTTTCTCCACGTTTGCCGCAGCCAAAACAGAACAACAGATTGCCGATATCGTTAATCGCACCATCACCCCGTTGATGCAGGAGCAGGCTATTCCGGGTATGGCCGTTGCCGTTATCTACCAGGGAAAACCCTATTATTTCACCTGGGGTAAAGCCGATATCACCAATAACCACCCAGTCACGCAGCAAACTCTGTTTGAGCTAGGGTCGGTCAGTAAGACGTTTAACGGCGTGTTGGGCGGCGATGCTATCGCCCGCGGCGAAATTAAGCTCAGCGATCCGGTCACGAAATACTGGCCAGAACTGACAGGCAAACAGTGGCAGGGTATCAGCCTGCTGCACTTAGCCACCTACACGGCAGGCGGCCTGCCGCTGCAGATCCCCGATGACGTTACGGATAAAGCCGCATTACTGCGTTTTTATCAAAACTGGCAGCCGCAATGGGCCCCGGGCGCTAAGCGTCTTTACGCTAACTCCAGCATTGGTCTGTTTGGCGCGCTGGCGGTGAAACCCTCAGGAATGAGTTACGAAGAGGCAATGACCAGACGCGTCCTGCAACCATTAAAACTGGCGCATACCTGGATTACAGTTCCGCAGAACGAACAAAAAGATTATGCCTGGGGCTATCGCGAAGGGAAGGCTGTACACGTTTCTCCGGGACAACTTGACGCCGAAGCCTATGGCGTGAAATCCAGTGTTATTGATATGGCCCGCTGGGTTCAGGTCAACATGGACGCCAACCGCGTTCAGGAGAAAACGCTCCAGCAGGGCATTGCGCTTGCGCAGTCTCGCTACTGGCGTATTGGCGATATGTACCAGGGATTAGGCTGGGAGATGCTGAACTGGCCGCTGAAAGCTGATTCAATCATCAACGGTAGCGACAGCAAAGTGGCATTGGCAGCGCTTCCCGCCGTTGAGGTAAACCCGCCTGCCCCCGCTGTGAAAGCCTCATGGGTGCATAAAACGGGATCCACTGGAGGATTTGGCAGCTACGTAGCCTTCGTTCCAGAAAAAAACCTTGGCATCGTGATGCTGGCAAACAAAAGCTATCCTAACCCTGTCCGTGTCGAGGCGGCCTGGCGCATTCTTGAAAAGCTGCAATAA", "fmax": "1146", "accession": "KM985467", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Citrobacter freundii", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "546", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "36915"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "AKO62866.1", "sequence": "MMKKSLCCALLLTAPFSTFAAAKTEQQIADIVNRTITPLMQEQAIPGMAVAVIYQGKPYYFTWGKADITNNHPVTQQTLFELGSVSKTFNGVLGGDAIARGEIKLSDPVTKYWPELTGKQWQGISLLHLATYTAGGLPLQIPDDVTDKAALLRFYQNWQPQWAPGAKRLYANSSIGLFGALAVKPSGMSYEEAMTRRVLQPLKLAHTWITVPQNEQKDYAWGYREGKAVHVSPGQLDAEAYGVKSSVIDMARWVQVNMDANRVQEKTLQQGIALAQSRYWRIGDMYQGLGWEMLNWPLKADSIINGSDSKVALAALPAVEVNPPAPAVKASWVHKTGSTGGFGSYVAFVPEKNLGIVMLANKSYPNPVRVEAAWRILEKLQ"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "36208": {"category_aro_name": "CMY beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36208", "category_aro_accession": "3000069", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "CMY beta-lactamases are plasmid-mediated class C beta-lactamases that encodes for resistance to cephamycins."}, "35962": {"category_aro_name": "cephamycin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35962", "category_aro_accession": "0000044", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephamycins are a group of beta-lactam antibiotics, very similar to cephalosporins. Together with cephalosporins, they form a sub-group of antibiotics known as cephems. Cephamycins are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms. The 7-alpha-methoxy group increases resistance to beta-lactamases."}}, "ARO_name": "CMY-129", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "39714", "model_name": "CMY-129", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "3931": {"model_id": "3931", "ARO_accession": "3003129", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "700", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "CMY-121 is a beta-lactamase found in Escherichia coli. It confers resistance to cephamycin. Detected directly from NCBI and submitted without publication on 09-SEP-2014.", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6294": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGAAAAAATCGTTATGCTGCGCTCTGCTGCTGACAGCCTCTTTCTCCACATTTGCTGCCGCAAAAACAGAACAACAGATTGCCGATATCGTTAATCGCACCATCACCCCGTTGATGCAGGAGCAGGCTATTCCGGGTATGGCCGTTGCCGTTATCTACCAGGGAAAACCCTATTATTTCACCTGGGGTAAAGCCGATATCGCCAATAACCACCCAGTCACGCAGCAAACGCTGTTTGAGCTAGGATCGGTTAGTAAGACGTTTAACGGCGTGTTGGGCGGCGATGCTATCGCCCGCGGCGAAATTAAGCTCAGCGATCCGGTCACGAAATACTGGCCAGAACTGACAGGCAAACAGTGGCAGGGTATCCGCCTGCTGCACTTAGCCACCTATACGGCAGGCGGCCTACCGCTGCAGATCCCCGATGACGTTAGGGATAAAGCCGCATTACTGCATTTTTATCAAAACTGGCAGCCGCAATGGACTCCGGGCGCTAAGCGACTTTACGCTAACTCCAGCATTGGTCTGTTTGGCGCGCTGGCGGTGAAACCCTCAGGAATGAGTTACGAAGAGGCAATGACCAGACGCGTCCTGCAACCATTAAAACTGGCGCATACCTGGATTACGGTTCCGCAGAACGAACAAAAAGATTATGCCTCGGGCTATCGCGAAGGGAAGCCCGTACACGTTTCTCCGGGACAACTTGACGCCGAAGCCTATGGCGTGAAATCCAGCGTTATTGATATGGCCCGCTGGGTTCAGGCCAACATGGATGCCAGCCACGTTCAGGAGAAAACGCTCCAGCAGGGCATTGCGCTTGCGCAGTCTCGCTACTGGCGTATTGGCGATATGTACCAGGGATTAGGCTGGGAGATGCTGAACTGGCCGCTGAAAGCTGATTCGATCATCAACGGCAGCGACAGCAAAGTGGCATTGGCAGCGCTTCCCGCCGTTGAGGTAAACCCGCCCGCCCCCGCAGTGAAAGCCTCATGGGTGCATAAAACGGGCTCCACTGGTGGATTTGGCAGCTACGTAGCCTTCGTTCCAGAAAAAAACCTTGGCATCGTGATGCTGGCAAACAAAAGCTATCCTAACCCTGTCCGTGTCGAGGCGGCCTGGCGCATTCTTGAAAAGCTGCAATAA", "fmax": "1143", "accession": "KM507172", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Escherichia coli", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "562", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "35914"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "AIZ48988.1", "sequence": "MKKSLCCALLLTASFSTFAAAKTEQQIADIVNRTITPLMQEQAIPGMAVAVIYQGKPYYFTWGKADIANNHPVTQQTLFELGSVSKTFNGVLGGDAIARGEIKLSDPVTKYWPELTGKQWQGIRLLHLATYTAGGLPLQIPDDVRDKAALLHFYQNWQPQWTPGAKRLYANSSIGLFGALAVKPSGMSYEEAMTRRVLQPLKLAHTWITVPQNEQKDYASGYREGKPVHVSPGQLDAEAYGVKSSVIDMARWVQANMDASHVQEKTLQQGIALAQSRYWRIGDMYQGLGWEMLNWPLKADSIINGSDSKVALAALPAVEVNPPAPAVKASWVHKTGSTGGFGSYVAFVPEKNLGIVMLANKSYPNPVRVEAAWRILEKLQ"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "36208": {"category_aro_name": "CMY beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36208", "category_aro_accession": "3000069", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "CMY beta-lactamases are plasmid-mediated class C beta-lactamases that encodes for resistance to cephamycins."}, "35962": {"category_aro_name": "cephamycin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35962", "category_aro_accession": "0000044", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephamycins are a group of beta-lactam antibiotics, very similar to cephalosporins. Together with cephalosporins, they form a sub-group of antibiotics known as cephems. Cephamycins are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms. The 7-alpha-methoxy group increases resistance to beta-lactamases."}}, "ARO_name": "CMY-121", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "39706", "model_name": "CMY-121", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "3930": {"model_id": "3930", "ARO_accession": "3005215", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "580", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "A beta-lactamase gene from Klebsiella pneumoniae. Directly submitted to NCBI without publication on 07-NOV-2018", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6293": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGCGTTATATTCGCCTGTGTATTATCTCCCTGTTAGCCACCCTGCCGCTGGCGGTACACGCCAGCCCGCAGCCGCTTGAGCAAATTAAACTAAGCGAAAGCCAGCTGTCGGGCCGCGTAGGCATGATAGAAATGGATCTGGCCAGCGGCCGCACGCTGACCGCCTGGCGCGCCGATGAACGCTTTCCCATGATGAGCACCTTTAAAGTAGTGCTCTGCGGCGCAGTGCTGGCGCGGGTGGATGCCGGTGACGAACAGCTGGAGCGAAAGATCCACTATCGCCAGCAGGATCTGGTGGACTACTCGCCGGTCAGCGAAAAACATCTTGCCGACGGCATGACGGTCGGCGAACTCTGTGCCGCCGCCATTACCATGAGCGATAACAGCGCCGCCAATCTGCTGCTGGCCACCGTCGGCGGCCCCGCAGAATTGACTGCCTTTTTGCGCCAGATCGACGACAACGTCACCCGCCTTGACCGCTGGGAAACGGAACTGAATGAGGCGCTTCCCGGCGACGCCCGCGACACCACTACCCCGGCCAGCATGGCCGCGACCCTGCGCAAGCTGCTGACCAGCCAGCGTCTGAGCGCCCGTTCGCAACGGCAGCTGCTGCAGTGGATGGTGGACGATCGGGTCGCCGGACCGTTGATCCGCTCCGTGCTGCCGGCGGGCTGGTTTATCGCCGATAAGACCGGAGCTGGCGAGCGGGGTGCGCGCGGGATTGTCGCCCTGCTTGGCCCGAATAACAAAGCAGAGCGCATTGTGGTGATTTATCTGCGGGATACGCCGGCGAGCATGGCCGAGCGAAATCAGCAAATCGCCGGGATCGGCGCGGCGCTGATCGAGCACTGGCAACGCTAA", "fmax": "861", "accession": "NG_062288.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Klebsiella pneumoniae", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "573", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "35915"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_122630871.1", "sequence": "MRYIRLCIISLLATLPLAVHASPQPLEQIKLSESQLSGRVGMIEMDLASGRTLTAWRADERFPMMSTFKVVLCGAVLARVDAGDEQLERKIHYRQQDLVDYSPVSEKHLADGMTVGELCAAAITMSDNSAANLLLATVGGPAELTAFLRQIDDNVTRLDRWETELNEALPGDARDTTTPASMAATLRKLLTSQRLSARSQRQLLQWMVDDRVAGPLIRSVLPAGWFIADKTGAGERGARGIVALLGPNNKAERIVVIYLRDTPASMAERNQQIAGIGAALIEHWQR"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "36024": {"category_aro_name": "SHV beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36024", "category_aro_accession": "3000015", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "SHV-1 shares 68 percent of its amino acids with TEM-1 and has a similar overall structure. The SHV-1 beta-lactamase is most commonly found in K. pneumoniae and is responsible for up to 20% of the plasmid-mediated ampicillin resistance in this species. ESBLs in this family also have amino acid changes around the active site, most commonly at positions 238 or 238 and 240. More than 60 SHV varieties are known."}}, "ARO_name": "SHV-216", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43571", "model_name": "SHV-216", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "3933": {"model_id": "3933", "ARO_accession": "3002110", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "700", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "CMY-97 is a beta-lactamase found in Escherichia coli. It confers resistance to cephamycin. Detected directly from NCBI and submitted without publication on 25-OCT-2012.", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6296": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGATGAAAAAATCGATATGCTGCGCGCTGCTGCTGACAGCCTCTTTCTCCACGTTTGCTGCCGCAAAAACAGAACAACAAATTGCCGATATCGTTAACCGCACCATCACACCACTGATGCAGGAGCAGGCTATTCCGGGCATGGCCGTGGCAATTATCTACGAGGGGAAACCTTATTACTTTACCTGGGGTAAAGCCGATATCGCCAATAACCACCCAGTCACGCAGCAAACGCTGTTTGAGCTAGGGTCGGTCAGTAAGACGTTTAACGGCGTGTTGGGCGGCGACGCTATCGCCCGCGGCGAAATTAAGCTCAGCGATCCGGTCACGAAATACTGGCCAGAACTGACAGGCAAACAGTGGCGGGGTATCAGCCTGCTGCACTTAGCCACCTATACAGCGGGTGGCCTGCCGCTGCAGATCCCCGATGACGTTACGGAGAAAGCCGCATTACTGCGCTTTTATCAAAACTGGCAACCACAATGGACTCCGGGCGCTAAGCGTCTTTACGCTAACTCCAGCATTGGTCTGTTTGGTGCGCTGGTGGTGAAACCTTCAGGTATGAGCTACGAAGAGGCAATGACCAGACGCGTCCTGCAACCATTAAAACTGGCGCATACCTGGATTACGGTTCCGCAAAGCGAACAAAAAAATTATGCCTGGGGCTATCGCGAAGGGAAGCCTGTACACGTTTCTCCGGGACAACTTGACGCCGAAGCCTATGGCGTGAAATCCAGCGTTATCGATATGGCCCGCTGGGTTCAGGCCAACATGGACGCCAGCCACGTTCAGGAGAAAACGCTCCAGCAGGGCATTGAGCTTGCGCAGTCTCGCTACTGGCGTATTGGTGATATGTACCAGGGATTAGGCTGGGAGATGCTGAACTGGCCGCTGAAAGCTGATTCGATCATCAACGGCAGCGACAGCAAAGTGGCATTGGCAGCGCTTCCCGCCGTTGAGGTAAACCCGCCAGCACCTGCCGTGAAAGCCTCATGGGTGCATAAAACAGGATCCACAGGCGGATTTGGCAGCTACGTTGCCTTCGTTCCAGAAAAAAACCTTGGCATCGTAATGTTGGCAAACAAAAGCTACCCCAACCCGGCTCGCGTAGAGGCGGCCTGGCGCATTCTTGAAAAACTGCAATAA", "fmax": "1146", "accession": "KC007363", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Escherichia coli", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "562", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "35914"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "AFZ85213.1", "sequence": "MMKKSICCALLLTASFSTFAAAKTEQQIADIVNRTITPLMQEQAIPGMAVAIIYEGKPYYFTWGKADIANNHPVTQQTLFELGSVSKTFNGVLGGDAIARGEIKLSDPVTKYWPELTGKQWRGISLLHLATYTAGGLPLQIPDDVTEKAALLRFYQNWQPQWTPGAKRLYANSSIGLFGALVVKPSGMSYEEAMTRRVLQPLKLAHTWITVPQSEQKNYAWGYREGKPVHVSPGQLDAEAYGVKSSVIDMARWVQANMDASHVQEKTLQQGIELAQSRYWRIGDMYQGLGWEMLNWPLKADSIINGSDSKVALAALPAVEVNPPAPAVKASWVHKTGSTGGFGSYVAFVPEKNLGIVMLANKSYPNPARVEAAWRILEKLQ"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "36208": {"category_aro_name": "CMY beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36208", "category_aro_accession": "3000069", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "CMY beta-lactamases are plasmid-mediated class C beta-lactamases that encodes for resistance to cephamycins."}, "35962": {"category_aro_name": "cephamycin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35962", "category_aro_accession": "0000044", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephamycins are a group of beta-lactam antibiotics, very similar to cephalosporins. Together with cephalosporins, they form a sub-group of antibiotics known as cephems. Cephamycins are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms. The 7-alpha-methoxy group increases resistance to beta-lactamases."}}, "ARO_name": "CMY-97", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "38510", "model_name": "CMY-97", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "3932": {"model_id": "3932", "ARO_accession": "3005216", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "700", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "CMY-152 is a beta-lactamase found in Citrobacter freundii. It confers resistance to cephamycin. Detected directly from NCBI and submitted without publication on 25-APR-2017.", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6295": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGATGAAAAAATCGATATGCTGCGCGCTGCTGCTGACAGCCTCTTTCTCCACGTTTGCTGCCGCAAAAACAGAACAACAAATTGCCGATATCGTTAACCGCACCATCACACCACTGATGCAGGAGCAGGCTATTCCGGGTATGGCCGTGGCGATTATCTACGAGGAGAAACCTTATTACTTTACCTGGGGTAAAGCCGATATCGCCAATAACCACCCAGTCACGCAGCAAACGCTGTTTGAATTAGGGTCGGTCAGTAAGACGTTTAACGGCGTGTTGGGCGGCGACGCTATCGCCCGCGGCGAAATTAAGCTCAGCGATCCGGTCACGAAATACTGGCCAGAACTGACAGGCAAACAGTGGCGGGGTATCAGCCTGCTGCACTTAGCCACCTATACAGCGGGTGGCCTACCGCTGCAGATCCCCGATGAAGTTACGGATAAAGCCGCATTACTGCGCTTTTATCAAAACTGGCAACCACAATGGACTCCGGGCGCTAAGCGTCTTTACGCTAACTCCAGCATTGGTCTGTTTGGTGCGCTGGCGGTGAAACCTTCAGGTATGAGCTACGAAGAGGCAATGACCAGACGCGTCCTGCAACCATTAAAACTGGCGCATACCTGGATTACGGTTCCGCAAAGCGAACAAAAAAATTATGCCTGGGGCTATCGCGAAGGGAAGCCTGTACACGTTTCTCCGGGACAACTTGACGCCGAAGCCTATGGCGTGAAATCCAGCGTTATCGATATGGCCCGCTGGGTTCAGGCCAACATGGACGCCAGCCACGTTCAGGAGAAAACGCTCCAGCAGGGCATTGAGCTTGCGCAGTCTCGTTACTGGCGTATTGGTGATATGTACCAGGGATTAGGCTGGGAGATGCTGAACTGGCCGCTGAAAGCTGATTCGATCATCAACGGCAGCGACAGCAAAGTGGCATTGGCAGCGCTTCCCGCCGTTGAGGTAAACCCGCCAGCACCTGCCGTGAAAGCCTCATGGGTGCATAAAACGGGATCCACAGGTGGATTTGGCAGCTACGTTGCCTTCGTTCCAGAAAAAAACCTTGGCATAGTGATGCTGGCAAACAAAAGCTACCCCAACCCGGCTCGCGTCGAGGCGGCCTGGCGCATTCTTGAAAAACTGCAATAA", "fmax": "1146", "accession": "KY978224", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Citrobacter freundii", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "546", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "36915"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "ARM19732.1", "sequence": "MMKKSICCALLLTASFSTFAAAKTEQQIADIVNRTITPLMQEQAIPGMAVAIIYEEKPYYFTWGKADIANNHPVTQQTLFELGSVSKTFNGVLGGDAIARGEIKLSDPVTKYWPELTGKQWRGISLLHLATYTAGGLPLQIPDEVTDKAALLRFYQNWQPQWTPGAKRLYANSSIGLFGALAVKPSGMSYEEAMTRRVLQPLKLAHTWITVPQSEQKNYAWGYREGKPVHVSPGQLDAEAYGVKSSVIDMARWVQANMDASHVQEKTLQQGIELAQSRYWRIGDMYQGLGWEMLNWPLKADSIINGSDSKVALAALPAVEVNPPAPAVKASWVHKTGSTGGFGSYVAFVPEKNLGIVMLANKSYPNPARVEAAWRILEKLQ"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "36208": {"category_aro_name": "CMY beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36208", "category_aro_accession": "3000069", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "CMY beta-lactamases are plasmid-mediated class C beta-lactamases that encodes for resistance to cephamycins."}, "35962": {"category_aro_name": "cephamycin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35962", "category_aro_accession": "0000044", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephamycins are a group of beta-lactam antibiotics, very similar to cephalosporins. Together with cephalosporins, they form a sub-group of antibiotics known as cephems. Cephamycins are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms. The 7-alpha-methoxy group increases resistance to beta-lactamases."}}, "ARO_name": "CMY-152", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43572", "model_name": "CMY-152", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4031": {"model_id": "4031", "ARO_accession": "3005299", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "800", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "PDC-183 is a class C beta-lactamase found in Pseudomonas aeruginosa", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6397": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGCGCGATACCAGATTCCCCTGCCTGTGCGGCATCGCCGCTTCCACACTGCTGTTCGCCACCACCCCGGCCATTGCCGGCGAGGCCCCGGCGGATCGCCTGAAGGCACTGGTCGACGCCGCCGTACAACCGGTGATGAAGGCCAATGACATTCCGGGCCTGGCCGTAGCCATCAGCCTGAAAGGAGAACCGCATTACTTCAGCTATGGGCTGGCCTCGAAAGAGGACGGCCGCCAGGTGACGCCGGAGACCCTGTTCGAGATCGGCTCGGTGAGCAAGACCTTCACCGCCACCCTCGCCGGCTATGCCCTGGCCCAGGACAAGATGCGCCTCGACGACCGCGCCAGCCAGCACTGGCCGGCACTGCAGGGCAGCCGCTTCGACGGCATCAGCCTGCTCGACCTCGCGACCTATACCGCCGGCGGCTTGCCGCTGCAGTTCCCCGACTCGGTGCAGAAGGACCAGGCACAGATCCGCGACTACTACCGCCAGTGGCAGCCGACCTATGCGCCGGGCAGCCAGCGCCTCTATTCCAACCCGAGCATCGGCCTGTTCGGCTATCTCGCCGCGCGCAGCCTGGGCCAGCCGTTCGAACGACTCATGGAGCAGCAAGTGTTCCCGGCACTGGGCCTCGAACAGACCCACCTCGACGTGCCCGAGGCGGCGCTGGCGCAGTACGCCCAGGGCTACGGCAAGGACGACCGCCCGCTACGGGTCGGTCCCGCCCCGCTGGATGCCGAAGGCTACGGGGTGAAGACCAGCGCGGCCGACCTGCTGCGCTTCGTCGATGCCAACCTGCATCCGGAGCGCCTGGACAGGCCCTGGGCGCAGGCGCTCGATGCCACCCATCGCGGTTACTACAAGGTCGGCGACATGACCCAGGGCCTGGGCTGGGAAGCCTACGACTGGCCGATCTCCCTGAAGCGCCTGCAGGCCGGCAACTCGACGCCGATGGCGCTGCAACCGCACAGGATCGCCAGGCTGCCCGCGCCACAGGCGCTGGAGGGCCAGCGCCTGCTGAACAAGACCGGTTCCACCAACGGCTTCGGCGCCTACGTGGCGTTCGTCCCGGGCCGCGACCTGGGCCTGGTGATCCTGGCCAACCGCAACTATCCCAATGCCGAGCGGGTGAAGATCGCCTACGCCATCCTCAGCGGCCTGGAGCAGCAGGGCAAGGTGCCGCTGAAGCGCTGA", "fmax": "1194", "accession": "NG_054969.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Pseudomonas aeruginosa", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "287", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "36752"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_087587954.1", "sequence": "MRDTRFPCLCGIAASTLLFATTPAIAGEAPADRLKALVDAAVQPVMKANDIPGLAVAISLKGEPHYFSYGLASKEDGRQVTPETLFEIGSVSKTFTATLAGYALAQDKMRLDDRASQHWPALQGSRFDGISLLDLATYTAGGLPLQFPDSVQKDQAQIRDYYRQWQPTYAPGSQRLYSNPSIGLFGYLAARSLGQPFERLMEQQVFPALGLEQTHLDVPEAALAQYAQGYGKDDRPLRVGPAPLDAEGYGVKTSAADLLRFVDANLHPERLDRPWAQALDATHRGYYKVGDMTQGLGWEAYDWPISLKRLQAGNSTPMALQPHRIARLPAPQALEGQRLLNKTGSTNGFGAYVAFVPGRDLGLVILANRNYPNAERVKIAYAILSGLEQQGKVPLKR"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36237": {"category_aro_name": "PDC beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36237", "category_aro_accession": "3000098", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "PDC beta-lactamases are class C beta-lactamases that are found in Pseudomonas aeruginosa."}, "35923": {"category_aro_name": "monobactam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35923", "category_aro_accession": "0000004", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Monobactams are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Unlike penams and cephems, monobactams do not have any ring fused to its four-member lactam structure. Monobactam antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}}, "ARO_name": "PDC-183", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43656", "model_name": "PDC-183", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4030": {"model_id": "4030", "ARO_accession": "3005298", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "800", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "PDC-293 is a class C beta-lactamase found in Pseudomonas aeruginosa", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6396": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGCGCGATACCAGATTCCCCTGCCTGTGCGGCATCGCCGCTTCCACACTGCTGTTCGCCGCCACCCCGGCCATTGCCGGCGAGGCCCCGGCGGATCGCCTGAAGGCATTGGTCGACGCCGCCGTACAACCGGTGATGAAGGCCAATGACATTCCGGGCCTGGCCGTAGCCATCAGCCTGAAAGGAGAACCGCATTACTTCAGCTATGGGCTGGCCTCGAAAGAGGACGGCCGCCGGGTGACGCCGGAGACCCTGTTCGAGATCGGCTCGGTGAGCAAGACCTTCACCGCCACCCTCGCCGGCTATGCCCTGGCCCAGGACAAGATGCGCCTCGACGACCGCGCCAGCCAGCACTGGCCGGCACTGCAGGGCAGCCGCTTCGACGGCATCAGCCTGCTCGACCTCGCGACCTATACCGCCGGCGGCTTGCCGCTGCAGTTCCCCGACTCGGTGCAGAAGGACCAGGCACAGATCCGCGACTACTACCGCCAGTGGCAGCCGACCTACGCGCCGGGCAGTCAGCGCCTCTATTCCAACCCGAGCATCGGCCTGTTCGGCTATCTCGCCGCGCGCAGCCTGGGCCAGCCGTTCGAACGGCTCATGGAGCAGCAAGTGTTCCCGGCACTGGGCCTCGAACAGACCCACCTCGACGTGCCCGAGGCGGCGCTGGCGCAGTACGCCCAGGGCTACGGCAAGGACGACCGCCCGCTACGGGTCGGTCCCGGCCCGCTGGATGCCGAAGGCTACGGGGTGAAGACCAGCGCGGCCGACCTGCTGCGCTTCGTCGATGCCAACCTGCATCCGGAGCGCCTGGACAGGCCCTGGGCGCAGGCGCTCGATGCCACCCATCGCGGTTACTACAAGGTCGGCGACATGACCCAGGGCCTGGGCTGGGAAGCCTACGACTGGCCGATCTCCCTGAAGCGCCTGCAGGCCGGCAACTCGACGCCGCAACCACACAGGATCGCTAGGCTGCCCGCGCCACAGGCGCTGGAGGGCCAGCGCCTGCTGAACAAGACCGGCTCCACCAACGGCTTCGGCGCCTACGTGGCGTTCGTCCCGGGCCGCGACCTGGGCCTGGTGATCCTGGCCAACCGCAACTATCCCAATGCCGAGCGGGTGAAGATCGCCTATGCCATCCTCAGCGGCCTGGAGCAGCAGGCCAAGGTGCCGCTGAAGCGCTGA", "fmax": "1185", "accession": "NG_060563.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Pseudomonas aeruginosa", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "287", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "36752"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_111672905.1", "sequence": "MRDTRFPCLCGIAASTLLFAATPAIAGEAPADRLKALVDAAVQPVMKANDIPGLAVAISLKGEPHYFSYGLASKEDGRRVTPETLFEIGSVSKTFTATLAGYALAQDKMRLDDRASQHWPALQGSRFDGISLLDLATYTAGGLPLQFPDSVQKDQAQIRDYYRQWQPTYAPGSQRLYSNPSIGLFGYLAARSLGQPFERLMEQQVFPALGLEQTHLDVPEAALAQYAQGYGKDDRPLRVGPGPLDAEGYGVKTSAADLLRFVDANLHPERLDRPWAQALDATHRGYYKVGDMTQGLGWEAYDWPISLKRLQAGNSTPQPHRIARLPAPQALEGQRLLNKTGSTNGFGAYVAFVPGRDLGLVILANRNYPNAERVKIAYAILSGLEQQAKVPLKR"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36237": {"category_aro_name": "PDC beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36237", "category_aro_accession": "3000098", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "PDC beta-lactamases are class C beta-lactamases that are found in Pseudomonas aeruginosa."}, "35923": {"category_aro_name": "monobactam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35923", "category_aro_accession": "0000004", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Monobactams are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Unlike penams and cephems, monobactams do not have any ring fused to its four-member lactam structure. Monobactam antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}}, "ARO_name": "PDC-293", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43655", "model_name": "PDC-293", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4033": {"model_id": "4033", "ARO_accession": "3005301", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "800", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "PDC-306 is a class C beta-lactamase found in Pseudomonas aeruginosa", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6399": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGCGCGATACCAGATTCCCCTGCCTGTGCGGCATCGCCGCTTCCACACTGCTGTTCGCCACCACCCCGGCCATTGCCGATGAGGCCCCGGCGGATCGCCTGAAGGCACTGGTCGACGCCGCCGTACAACCGGTGATGAAGGCCAATGACATTCCGGGCTTGGCCGTAGCCATCAGCCTGAAAGGAGAACCGCATTACTTCAGCTATGGGCTGGCCTCGAAAGAGGACGGCCGCCGGGTGACGCCGGAGACCCTGTTCGAGATCGGCTCGGTGAGCAAGACCTTCACCGCCACCCTCGCCGGCTATGCCCTGGCCCAGGACAAGATGCGCCTCGACGACCGCGCCAGCCAGCACTGGCCGGCGCTGCAGGGCAGCCGCTTCGACGGCATCAGCCTGCTCGACCTCGCGACCTATACCGCCGGCGGCTTGCCGCTGCAGTTCCCCGACTCGGTGCAGAAGGACCAGGCACAGATCCGCGACTACTACCGCCAGTGGCAGCCGACCTACGCGCCGGGCAGCCAGCGCCTCTATTCCAACCCGAGCATCGGCCTGTTCGGCTATCTCGCCGCGCGCAGCCTGGGCCAGCCGTTCGAACGGCTCATGGAGCAGCAATTGTTCCCGGCACTGGGCCTCGAACAGACCCACCTCGACGTGCCCGAGGCGGCGCTGGCGCAGTACACCCAGGGCTACGGCAAGGACGACCGCCCGCTACGGGTCGGTCCCGGCCCGCTGGATGCCAAAGGCTACGGGGTGAAGACCAGCGCGGCCGACCTGCTGCGCTTCGTCGATGCCAACCTGCATCCGGAGCGCCTGGACAGGCCCTGGGCGCAGGCGCTCGATGCCACCCATCGCGGTTACTACAAGGTCGGCGACATGACCCAGGGCCTGGGCTGGGAAGCCTACGACTGGCCGATCTCCCTGAAGCGCCTGCAGGCCGGCAACTCGACGCCGATGGCGCTGCAACCACACAGGATCGCCAGGCTGCCCGCGCCACAGGCGCTGGAGGGCCAGCGCCTGCTGAACAAGACCGGCTCCACCAACGGCTTCGGCGCCTACGTGGCGTTCATTCCGGGCCGCGACCTGGGCCTGGTGATCCTGGCCAACCGCAACTATCCCAATGCCGAGCGGGTGAAGATCGCCTACGCCATCCTCAGCGGCCTGGAGCAGCAGGCCAAGGTGCCGCTGAAGCGCTGA", "fmax": "1194", "accession": "NG_061625.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Pseudomonas aeruginosa", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "287", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "36752"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_116786838.1", "sequence": "MRDTRFPCLCGIAASTLLFATTPAIADEAPADRLKALVDAAVQPVMKANDIPGLAVAISLKGEPHYFSYGLASKEDGRRVTPETLFEIGSVSKTFTATLAGYALAQDKMRLDDRASQHWPALQGSRFDGISLLDLATYTAGGLPLQFPDSVQKDQAQIRDYYRQWQPTYAPGSQRLYSNPSIGLFGYLAARSLGQPFERLMEQQLFPALGLEQTHLDVPEAALAQYTQGYGKDDRPLRVGPGPLDAKGYGVKTSAADLLRFVDANLHPERLDRPWAQALDATHRGYYKVGDMTQGLGWEAYDWPISLKRLQAGNSTPMALQPHRIARLPAPQALEGQRLLNKTGSTNGFGAYVAFIPGRDLGLVILANRNYPNAERVKIAYAILSGLEQQAKVPLKR"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36237": {"category_aro_name": "PDC beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36237", "category_aro_accession": "3000098", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "PDC beta-lactamases are class C beta-lactamases that are found in Pseudomonas aeruginosa."}, "35923": {"category_aro_name": "monobactam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35923", "category_aro_accession": "0000004", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Monobactams are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Unlike penams and cephems, monobactams do not have any ring fused to its four-member lactam structure. Monobactam antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}}, "ARO_name": "PDC-306", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43658", "model_name": "PDC-306", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4032": {"model_id": "4032", "ARO_accession": "3005300", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "800", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "PDC-207 is a class C beta-lactamase found in Pseudomonas aeruginosa", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6398": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGCGCGATACCAGATTCCCCTGCCTGTGCGGCATCGCCGCTTCCACACTGCTGTTCGCCACCACCCCGGCCATTGCCGGCGAGGCCCCGGCGGATCGCCTGAAGGCACTGGTCGACGCCGCCGTACAACCGGTGATGAAGGCCAATGACATTCCGGGCCTGGCCGTAGCCATCAGCCTGAAAGGAGAACCGCATTACTTCAGCTATGGGCTGGCCTCGAAAGAGGACGGCCGCCGGGTGACGCCGGAGACCCTGTTCGAGATCGGCTCGGTGAGCAAGACCTTCACCGCCACCCTCGCCGGCTATGCCCTGGCCCAGGACAAGATGCGTCTCGACGACCGCGCCAGCCAGCACTGGCCGGCACTGCAGGGCAGCCGCTTCGACGGCATCAGCCTGCTCGACCTCGCGACCTATACCGCCGGCGGCTTGCCGCTGCAGTTCCCCGACTCGGTGCAGAAGGACCAGGCACAGATCCGCGACTACTACCGCCAGTGGCAGCCGACCTACGCGCCGGGCAGCCAGCGCCGCTATTCCAACCCGAGCATCGGCCTGTTCGGCTATCTCGCCGCGCGCAGCCTGGGCCAGCCGTTCGAACGGCTCATGGAGCAGCAAGTGTTCCCGGCACTGGGCCTCGAACAGACCCACCTCGACGTGCCCGAGGCGGCGCTGGCGCAGTACGCCCAGGGCTACGGCAAGGACGACCGCCCGCTACGGGTCGGTCCCGGCCCGCTGGATGCCGAAAGCTACGGGGTGAAGACCAGCGCGGCCGACCTGCTGCGCTTCGTCGATGCCAACCTGCATCCGGAGCGCCTGGACAGGCCCTGGGCGCAGGCGCTCGATGCCACCCATCGCGGTTACTACAAGGTCGGCGACATGACCCAGGGCCTGGGCTGGGAAGCCTACGACTGGCCGATCTCCCTGAAGCGCCTGCAGGCCGGCAACTCGACGCCGATGGCGCTGCAACCGCACAGGATCGCCAGGCTGCCCGCGCCACAGGCGCTGGAGGGCCAGCGCCTGCTGAACAAGACCGGTTCCACCAACGGCTTCGGCGCCTACGTGGCGTTCGTCCCGGGCCGCGACCTGGGCCTGGTGATCCTGGCCAACCGCAACTATCCCAATGCCGAGCGGGTGAAGATCGCCTACGCCATCCTCAGCGGCCTGGAGCAGCAGGGCAAGGTGCCGCTGAAGCGCTGA", "fmax": "1194", "accession": "NG_054992.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Pseudomonas aeruginosa", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "287", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "36752"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_058161279.1", "sequence": "MRDTRFPCLCGIAASTLLFATTPAIAGEAPADRLKALVDAAVQPVMKANDIPGLAVAISLKGEPHYFSYGLASKEDGRRVTPETLFEIGSVSKTFTATLAGYALAQDKMRLDDRASQHWPALQGSRFDGISLLDLATYTAGGLPLQFPDSVQKDQAQIRDYYRQWQPTYAPGSQRRYSNPSIGLFGYLAARSLGQPFERLMEQQVFPALGLEQTHLDVPEAALAQYAQGYGKDDRPLRVGPGPLDAESYGVKTSAADLLRFVDANLHPERLDRPWAQALDATHRGYYKVGDMTQGLGWEAYDWPISLKRLQAGNSTPMALQPHRIARLPAPQALEGQRLLNKTGSTNGFGAYVAFVPGRDLGLVILANRNYPNAERVKIAYAILSGLEQQGKVPLKR"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36237": {"category_aro_name": "PDC beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36237", "category_aro_accession": "3000098", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "PDC beta-lactamases are class C beta-lactamases that are found in Pseudomonas aeruginosa."}, "35923": {"category_aro_name": "monobactam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35923", "category_aro_accession": "0000004", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Monobactams are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Unlike penams and cephems, monobactams do not have any ring fused to its four-member lactam structure. Monobactam antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}}, "ARO_name": "PDC-207", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43657", "model_name": "PDC-207", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4035": {"model_id": "4035", "ARO_accession": "3005303", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "800", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "PDC-117 is a class C beta-lactamase found in Pseudomonas aeruginosa", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6401": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGCGCGATACCAGATTCCCCTGCCTGTGCGGCATCGCCGCTTCCACACTGCTGTTCGCCACCACCCCGGCCATTGCCGGCGAGGCCCCGGCGGATCGCCTGAAGGCACTGGTCGACGCCGCCGTACAACCGGTGATGAAGGCCAATGACATTCCGGGCCTGGCCGTAGCCATCAGCCTGAAAGGAGAACCGCATTACTTCAGCTATGGGCTGGCCTCGAAAGAGGACGGCCGCCGGGTGACGCCGGAGACCCTGTTCGAGATCGGCTCGGTGAGCAAGACCTTCACCGCCACCCTCGCCGGCTATGCCCTGGCCCAGGACAAGATGCGTCTCGACGACCGCGCCAGCCAGCACTGGCCGGCACTGCAGGGCAGCCGCTTCGACGGCATCAGCCTGCTCGACCTCGCGACCTATACCGCCGGCGGCTTGCCGCTGCAGTTCCCCGACTCGGTGCAGAAGGACCAGGCACAGATCCGCGACTACTACCGCCAGTGGCAGCCGACCTACGCGCCGGGCAGCCAGCGCCTCTATTCCAACCCGAGCATCGGCCTGTTCGGCTATCTCGCCGCGCGCAGCCTGGGCCAGCCGTTCGAACGGCTCATGGAGCAGCAAGTGTTCCCGGCACTGGGCCTCGAACAGACCCACCTCGACGTGCCCGAGGCGGCGCTGGCGCAGTACGCCCAGGGCTACGGCAAGGACGACCGCCCGCTACGGGTCGGTCCCGGCCCGCTGGATGCCGAAGGCTACGGGGTGAAGACCAGCGCGGCCGACCTGCTGCGCTTCGTCGATGCCAACCTGCATCCGGAGCGCCTGAACAGGCCATGGGCGCAGGCGCTCGATGCCACCCATCGCGGTTACTACAAGGTCGGCGACATGACCCAGGGCCTGGGCTGGGAAGCCTACGACTGGCCGATCTCCCTGAAGCGCCTGCAGGCCGGCAACTCGACGCCGATGGCGCTGCAACCGCACAGGATCGCCAGGCTGCCCGCGCCACAGGCGCTGGAGGGCCAGCGCCTGCTGAACAAGACCGGCTCCACCAACGGCTTCGGCGCCTACGTGGCGTTCGTCCCGGGCCGCGACCTGGGCCTGGTGATCCTGGCCAACCGCAACTATCCCAATGCCGAGCGGGTGAAGATCGCCTACGCCATCCTCAGCGGCCTGGAGCAGCAGGGCAAGGTGCCGCTGAAGCGCTGA", "fmax": "1194", "accession": "NG_055481.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Pseudomonas aeruginosa", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "287", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "36752"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_031687354.1", "sequence": "MRDTRFPCLCGIAASTLLFATTPAIAGEAPADRLKALVDAAVQPVMKANDIPGLAVAISLKGEPHYFSYGLASKEDGRRVTPETLFEIGSVSKTFTATLAGYALAQDKMRLDDRASQHWPALQGSRFDGISLLDLATYTAGGLPLQFPDSVQKDQAQIRDYYRQWQPTYAPGSQRLYSNPSIGLFGYLAARSLGQPFERLMEQQVFPALGLEQTHLDVPEAALAQYAQGYGKDDRPLRVGPGPLDAEGYGVKTSAADLLRFVDANLHPERLNRPWAQALDATHRGYYKVGDMTQGLGWEAYDWPISLKRLQAGNSTPMALQPHRIARLPAPQALEGQRLLNKTGSTNGFGAYVAFVPGRDLGLVILANRNYPNAERVKIAYAILSGLEQQGKVPLKR"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36237": {"category_aro_name": "PDC beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36237", "category_aro_accession": "3000098", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "PDC beta-lactamases are class C beta-lactamases that are found in Pseudomonas aeruginosa."}, "35923": {"category_aro_name": "monobactam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35923", "category_aro_accession": "0000004", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Monobactams are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Unlike penams and cephems, monobactams do not have any ring fused to its four-member lactam structure. Monobactam antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}}, "ARO_name": "PDC-117", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43660", "model_name": "PDC-117", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4034": {"model_id": "4034", "ARO_accession": "3005302", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "800", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "PDC-376 is a class C beta-lactamase found in Pseudomonas aeruginosa", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6400": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGCGCGATACCGGATTCCCCTGCCTGTGCGGCATCGCCGCCTCCACACTGCTGTTCGCCGCCACCTCGGCCATTGCCGGCGAGGCCCCGGCGGATCGCCTGAAGACACTGGTCGACGCCGCCGTACAACCGGTGATGAAGGCCAATGATATTCCGGGCCTGGCCGTGGCCATCAGCCTGAAAGGAGAACCGCATTACTTCAGCTATGGGCTGGCTTCGAAAGAGGACGGTCGCCGGGTGACGCCGGAGACCCTGTTCGAGATCGGCTCGGTGAGCAAGACCTTCACCGCCACCCTCGCCGGCTATGCCCTGGCCCAGGACAAGATGCGCCTCGACGACCGCGCCAGCCTGCACTGGCCGGCGCTGCAAGGCAGCCGCTTCGACGGCATCAGCCTGCTCGACCTCGCGACCTATACCGCCGGCGGCTTGCCGCTGCAGTTCCCCGACTCGGTGCAGAAAGACCAGGCACAGATCCGCGACTACTACCGCCAGTGGCAGCCGACCTACACGCCGGGCAGCCAGCGCCTCTACTCCAACCCGAGCATCGGTCTGTTCGGCTATCTCGCCGCGCGCAGCCTGGGCCAGCCGTTCGAACGGATCATGGAGCAGCAACTGTTCCCGGCACTGGGCCTCGAACAGACCCACCTCGACGTGCCCGAGGCGGCGCTGGCGCAGTACGCCCAGGGCTACGGCAAGGACGACCGCCCGCTACGGGTCGGTCCCGGCCCGCTGGATGCCGAAGGCTACGGGGTGAAGACCAGCGCGGCCGACCTGCTGCGCTTCGTCGATGCCAACCTGCATCCGGAGCGCCTGGTCAAGCCCTGGGCGCAGGCGCTCGATGCCACCCATCGCGGTTACTACAAGGTCGGCGACATGACCCAGGGCCTGGGCTGGGAAGCCTACGACTGGCCGATCTCCCTGAAGCGCCTGCAGGCGGGCAACTCGACGCCGATGGCGCTGCAACCGCACAGGATCGCCAGACTGCCCGCGCCACAGGCGCTGGAGGGCCAGCGCCTGCTGAACAAGACCGGCTCCACCAACGGCTTCGGCGCCTACGTGGCGTTCATCCCAGGCAGCGACCTGGGCCTGGTGATCCTGGCCAACCGCAACTATCCCAATGCCGAGCGGGTGAAGATCGCCTACGCCATCCTCAGCGGCCTGGAGCAGCAGGCCAAGGTGCCGCTGAAGCGCTGA", "fmax": "1194", "accession": "NG_065928.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Pseudomonas aeruginosa", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "287", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "36752"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_148044462.1", "sequence": "MRDTGFPCLCGIAASTLLFAATSAIAGEAPADRLKTLVDAAVQPVMKANDIPGLAVAISLKGEPHYFSYGLASKEDGRRVTPETLFEIGSVSKTFTATLAGYALAQDKMRLDDRASLHWPALQGSRFDGISLLDLATYTAGGLPLQFPDSVQKDQAQIRDYYRQWQPTYTPGSQRLYSNPSIGLFGYLAARSLGQPFERIMEQQLFPALGLEQTHLDVPEAALAQYAQGYGKDDRPLRVGPGPLDAEGYGVKTSAADLLRFVDANLHPERLVKPWAQALDATHRGYYKVGDMTQGLGWEAYDWPISLKRLQAGNSTPMALQPHRIARLPAPQALEGQRLLNKTGSTNGFGAYVAFIPGSDLGLVILANRNYPNAERVKIAYAILSGLEQQAKVPLKR"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36237": {"category_aro_name": "PDC beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36237", "category_aro_accession": "3000098", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "PDC beta-lactamases are class C beta-lactamases that are found in Pseudomonas aeruginosa."}, "35923": {"category_aro_name": "monobactam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35923", "category_aro_accession": "0000004", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Monobactams are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Unlike penams and cephems, monobactams do not have any ring fused to its four-member lactam structure. Monobactam antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}}, "ARO_name": "PDC-376", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43659", "model_name": "PDC-376", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4037": {"model_id": "4037", "ARO_accession": "3005305", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "800", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "PDC-104 is a class C beta-lactamase found in Pseudomonas aeruginosa", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6403": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGCGCGATACCAGATTCCCCTGCCTGTGCGGCATCGCCGCTTCCACACTGCTGTTCGCCACCACCCCGGCCATTGCCGATGAGGCCCCGGCGGATCGCCTGAAGGCACTGGTCGACGCCGCCGTACAACCGGTGATGAAGGCCAATGACATTCCGGGCCTGGCCGTAGCCATCAGCCTGAAAGGAGAACCGCATTACTTCAGCTATGGGCTGGCCTCGAAAGAGGACGGCCGCCGGGTGACGCCGGAGACCCTGTTCGAGATCGGCTCGGTGAGCAAGACCTTCACCGTCACCCTCGCCGGCTATGCCCTGGCCCAGGACAAGATGCGCCTCGACGACCGCGCCAGCCAGCACTGGCCGGCACTGCAGGGCAGCCGCTTCGACGGCATCAGCCTGCTCGACCTCGCGACCTATACCGCCGGCGGCTTGCCGCTGCAGTTCCCCGACTCGGTGCAGAAGGACCAGGCACAGATCCGCGACTACTACCGCCAGTGGCAGCCGACCTACGCGCCGGGCAGCCAGCGCCTCTATTCCAACCCGAGCATCGGCCTGTTCGGCTATCTCGCCGCGCGCAGCCTGGGCCAGCCGTTCGAACGGCTCATGGAGCAGCAACTGTTCCCGGCACTGGGCCTCGAACAGACCCACCTCGACGTGCCCGAGGCGGCGCTGGCGCAGTACGCCCAGGGCTACGGCAAGGACGACCGCCCGCTACGGGTCGGTCCCGGCCCGCTGGATGCCGAAGGCTACGGGGTGAAGACCAGCGCGGCCGACCTGCTGCGCTTCGTCGATGCCAACCTGCATCCGGAGCGCCTGGACAGGCCCTGGGCGCAGGCGCTCGATGCCACCCATCGCGGTTACTACAAGGTCGGCGACATGACCCAGGGCCTGGGCTGGGAAGCCTACGACTGGCCGATCTCCCTGAAGCGCCTGCAGGCCGGCAACTCGACGCCGATGGTGCTGCAACCACACAGGATCGCCAGGCTGCCCGCGCCACAGGCGCTGGAGGGCCAGCGCCTGCTGAACAAGACCGGCTCCACCAACGGCTTCGGCGCCTACGTGGCGTTCGTCCCGGGCCGCGACCTGGGCCTGGTGATCCTGGCCAACCGCAACTATCCCAATGCCGAGCGGGTGAAGATCGCCTACGCCATCCTCAGCGGCCTGGAGCAGCAGGCCAAGGTGCCGCTGAAGCGCTGA", "fmax": "1194", "accession": "NG_049871.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Pseudomonas aeruginosa", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "287", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "36752"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_058129018.1", "sequence": "MRDTRFPCLCGIAASTLLFATTPAIADEAPADRLKALVDAAVQPVMKANDIPGLAVAISLKGEPHYFSYGLASKEDGRRVTPETLFEIGSVSKTFTVTLAGYALAQDKMRLDDRASQHWPALQGSRFDGISLLDLATYTAGGLPLQFPDSVQKDQAQIRDYYRQWQPTYAPGSQRLYSNPSIGLFGYLAARSLGQPFERLMEQQLFPALGLEQTHLDVPEAALAQYAQGYGKDDRPLRVGPGPLDAEGYGVKTSAADLLRFVDANLHPERLDRPWAQALDATHRGYYKVGDMTQGLGWEAYDWPISLKRLQAGNSTPMVLQPHRIARLPAPQALEGQRLLNKTGSTNGFGAYVAFVPGRDLGLVILANRNYPNAERVKIAYAILSGLEQQAKVPLKR"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36237": {"category_aro_name": "PDC beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36237", "category_aro_accession": "3000098", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "PDC beta-lactamases are class C beta-lactamases that are found in Pseudomonas aeruginosa."}, "35923": {"category_aro_name": "monobactam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35923", "category_aro_accession": "0000004", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Monobactams are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Unlike penams and cephems, monobactams do not have any ring fused to its four-member lactam structure. Monobactam antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}}, "ARO_name": "PDC-104", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43662", "model_name": "PDC-104", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4036": {"model_id": "4036", "ARO_accession": "3005304", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "800", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "PDC-231 is a class C beta-lactamase found in Pseudomonas aeruginosa", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6402": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGCGCGATACCAGATTCCCCTGCCTGTGCGGCATCGCCGCTTCCACACTGCTGTTCGCCACCACCCCGGCCATTGCCGGCGAGGCCCCGGCGGATCGCCTGAAGGCACTGGTCGACGCCGCCGTACAACCGGTGATGAAGGCCAATGACATTCCGGGCCTGGCCGTAGCCATCAGCCTGAAAGGAGAACCGCATTACTTCAGCTATGGGCTGGCCTCGAAAGAGGACGGCCGCCGGGTGACGCCGGAGACCCTGTTCGAGATCGGCTCGGTGAGCAAGACCTTCACCGCCACCCTCGCCGGCTATGCCCTGACCCAGGACAAGATGCGCCTCGACGACCGCGCCAGCCAGCACTGGCCGGCACTGCAGGGCAGCCGCTTCGACGGCATCAGCCTGCTCGACCTCGCGACCTATACCGCCGGCGGCTTGCCGCTGCAGTTTCCCGACTCGGTGCAGAAGGACCAGGCACAGATCCGCGACTACTACCGCCAGTGGCAGCCGACCTACGCGCCGGGCAGCCAGCGCCTCTATTCCAACCCGAGCATCGGCCTGTTCGGCTATCTCGCCGCGCGCAGCCTGGGCCAGCCGTTCGAACGGCTCATGGAGCAGCAAGTGTTCCCGGCACTGGGCCTCGAACAGACCCACCTCGACGTGCCCGAGGCGGCGCTGGCGCAGTACGCCCAGGGCTACGGCAAGGACGACCGCCCGCTACGGGTCGGTCCCGGCCCGCTGGATGCCGAAGGCTACGGGGTGAAGACCAGCGCGGCCGACCTGCTGCGCTTCGTCGATGCCAACCTGCATCCGGAGCGCCTGGACAGGCCCTGGGCGCAGGCGCTCGATGCCACCCATCGCGGTTACTACAAGGTCGGCGACATGACCCAGGGCCTGGGCTGGGAAGCCTACGACTGGCCGATCTCCCTGAAGCGCCTGCAGGCCGGCAACTCGACGCCGCAACCGCACAGGATCGCCAGGCTGCCCGCGCCACAGGCGCTGGAGGGCCAGCGCCTGCTGAACAAGACCGGTTCCACCAACGGCTTCGGCGCCTACGTGGCGTTCGTCCCGGGCCGCGACCTGGGACTGGTGATCCTGGCCAACCGCAACTATCCCAATGCCGAGCGGGTGAAGATCGCCTACGCCATCCTCAGCGGCCTGGAGCAGCAGGGCAAGGTGCCGCTGAAGCGCTGA", "fmax": "1185", "accession": "NG_056423.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Pseudomonas aeruginosa", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "287", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "36752"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_104009860.1", "sequence": "MRDTRFPCLCGIAASTLLFATTPAIAGEAPADRLKALVDAAVQPVMKANDIPGLAVAISLKGEPHYFSYGLASKEDGRRVTPETLFEIGSVSKTFTATLAGYALTQDKMRLDDRASQHWPALQGSRFDGISLLDLATYTAGGLPLQFPDSVQKDQAQIRDYYRQWQPTYAPGSQRLYSNPSIGLFGYLAARSLGQPFERLMEQQVFPALGLEQTHLDVPEAALAQYAQGYGKDDRPLRVGPGPLDAEGYGVKTSAADLLRFVDANLHPERLDRPWAQALDATHRGYYKVGDMTQGLGWEAYDWPISLKRLQAGNSTPQPHRIARLPAPQALEGQRLLNKTGSTNGFGAYVAFVPGRDLGLVILANRNYPNAERVKIAYAILSGLEQQGKVPLKR"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36237": {"category_aro_name": "PDC beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36237", "category_aro_accession": "3000098", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "PDC beta-lactamases are class C beta-lactamases that are found in Pseudomonas aeruginosa."}, "35923": {"category_aro_name": "monobactam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35923", "category_aro_accession": "0000004", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Monobactams are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Unlike penams and cephems, monobactams do not have any ring fused to its four-member lactam structure. Monobactam antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}}, "ARO_name": "PDC-231", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43661", "model_name": "PDC-231", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4039": {"model_id": "4039", "ARO_accession": "3005307", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "800", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "PDC-292 is a class C beta-lactamase found in Pseudomonas aeruginosa", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6405": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGCGCGATACCAGATTCCCCTGCCTGTGCGGCATCGCCGCTTCCACACTGCTGTTCGCCGCCACCCCGGCCATTGCCGGCGAGGCCCCGGCGGATCGCCTGAAGGCATTGGTCGACGCCGCCGTACAACCGGTGATGAAGGCCAATGACATTCCGGGCCTGGCCGTAGCCATCAGCCTGAAAGGAGAACCGCATTACTTCAGCTATGGGCTGGCCTCGAAAGAGGACGGCCGCCGGGTGACGCCGGAGACCCTGTTCGAGATCGGCTCGGTGAGCAAGACCTTCACCGCCACCCTCGCCGGCTATGCCCTGGCCCAGGACAAGATGCGCCTCGACGACCGCGCCAGCCAGCACTGGCCGGCACTGCAGGGCAGCCGCTTCGACGGCATCAGCCTGCTCGACCTCGCGACCTATACCGCCGGCGGCTTGCCGCTGCAGTTCCCCGACTCGGTGCAGAAGGACCAGGCACAGATCCGCGACTACTACCGCCAGTGGCAGCCGACCTACGCGCCGGGCAGTCAGCGCCTCTATTCCAACCCGAGCATCGGCCTGTTCGGCTATCTCGCCGCGCGCAGCCTGGGCCAGCCGTTCGAACGGCTCATGGAGCAGCAAGTGTTCCCGGCACTGGGCCTCGAACAGACCCACCTCGACGTGCCCGAGGCGGCGCTGGCGCAGTACGCCCAGGGCTACGGCAAGGACGACCGCCCGCTGGATGCCGAAGGCTACGGGGTGAAGACCAGCGCGGCCGACCTGCTGCGCTTCGTCGATGCCAACCTGCATCCGGAGCGCCTGGACAGGCCCTGGGCGCAGGCGCTCGATGCCACCCATCGCGGTTACTACAAGGTCGGCGACATGACCCAGGGCCTGGGCTGGGAAGCCTACGACTGGCCGATCTCCCTGAAGCGCCTGCAGGCCGGCAACTCGACGCCGATGGCGCTGCAACCACACAGGATCGCCAGGCTGCCCGCGCCACAGGCGCTGGAGGGCCAGCGCCTGCTGAACAAGACCGGCTCCACCAAAGGCTTCGGCGCCTACGTGGCGTTCGTCCCGGGCCGCGACCTGGGCCTGGTGATCCTGGCCAACCGCAACTATCCCAATGCCGAGCGGGTGAAGATCGCCTATGCCATCCTCAGCGGCCTGGAGCAGCAGGCCAAGGTGCCGCTGAAGCGCTGA", "fmax": "1173", "accession": "NG_060562.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Pseudomonas aeruginosa", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "287", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "36752"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_111672904.1", "sequence": "MRDTRFPCLCGIAASTLLFAATPAIAGEAPADRLKALVDAAVQPVMKANDIPGLAVAISLKGEPHYFSYGLASKEDGRRVTPETLFEIGSVSKTFTATLAGYALAQDKMRLDDRASQHWPALQGSRFDGISLLDLATYTAGGLPLQFPDSVQKDQAQIRDYYRQWQPTYAPGSQRLYSNPSIGLFGYLAARSLGQPFERLMEQQVFPALGLEQTHLDVPEAALAQYAQGYGKDDRPLDAEGYGVKTSAADLLRFVDANLHPERLDRPWAQALDATHRGYYKVGDMTQGLGWEAYDWPISLKRLQAGNSTPMALQPHRIARLPAPQALEGQRLLNKTGSTKGFGAYVAFVPGRDLGLVILANRNYPNAERVKIAYAILSGLEQQAKVPLKR"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36237": {"category_aro_name": "PDC beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36237", "category_aro_accession": "3000098", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "PDC beta-lactamases are class C beta-lactamases that are found in Pseudomonas aeruginosa."}, "35923": {"category_aro_name": "monobactam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35923", "category_aro_accession": "0000004", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Monobactams are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Unlike penams and cephems, monobactams do not have any ring fused to its four-member lactam structure. Monobactam antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}}, "ARO_name": "PDC-292", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43664", "model_name": "PDC-292", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4038": {"model_id": "4038", "ARO_accession": "3005306", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "800", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "PDC-173 is a class C beta-lactamase found in Pseudomonas aeruginosa", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6404": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGCGCGATACCAGATTCCCCTGCCTGTGCGGCATCGCCGCTTCCACACTGCTGTTCGCCACCACCCCGGCCATTGCCGGCGAGGCCCCGGCGGATCGCCTGAAGGCACTGGTCGACGCCGCCGTACAACCGGTGATGAAGGCCAATGACATTCCGGGCCTGGCCGTAGCCATCAGCCTGAAAGGAGAACCGCATTACTTCAGCTATGGGCTGGCCTCGAAAGAGGACGGCCGCCGGGTGACGCCGGAGACCCTGTTCGAGATCGGCTCGGTGAGCAAGACCTTCACCGCCACCCTCGCCGGCTATGCCCTGACCCAGGACAAGATGCGCCTCGACGACCGCGCCAGCCAGCACTGGCCGGCACTGCAGGGCAGCCGCTTCGACGGCATCAGCCTGCTCGACCTCGCGACCTATACCGCCGGCGGCTTGCCGCTGCAGTTCCCCGACTCGGTGCAGAAGGACCAGGCACAGATCCGCGACTACTACCGCCAGTGGCAGCCGACCTACGCGCCGGGCAGCCAGCGCCTCTATTCCAACCCGAGCATCGGCCTGTTCGGCTATCTCGCCGCGCGCAGCCTGGGCCAGCCGTTCGAACGGCTCATGGAGCAGCAAGTGTTCCCGGCACTGGGCCTCGAACAGACCCACCTCGACGTGCCCGAGGCGGCGCTGGCGCAGTACGCCCAGGGCTACGGCAAGGACGACCGCCCGCTACCCGAAGGCTACGGGGTGAAGACCAGCGCGGCCGACCTGCTGCGCTTCGTCGATGCCAACCTGCATCCGGAGCGCCTGGACAGGCCCTGGGCGCAGGCGCTCGATGCCACCCATCGCGGTTACTACAAGGTCGGCGACATGACCCAGGGCCTGGGCTGGGAAGCCTACGACTGGCCGATCTCCCTGAAGCGCCTGCAGGCCGGCAACTCGACGCCGATGGCGCTGCAACCGCACAGGATCGCCAGGCTGCCCGCGCCACAGGCGCTGGAGGGCCAGCGCCTGCTGAACAAGACCGGTTCCACCAACGGCTTCGGCGCCTACGTGGCGTTCGTCCCGGGCCGCGACCTGGGACTGGTGATCCTGGCCAACCGCAACTATCCCAATGCCGAGCGGGTGAAGATCGCCTACGCCATCCTCAGCGGCCTGGAGCAGCAGGGCAAGGTGCCGCTGAAGCGCTGA", "fmax": "1170", "accession": "NG_055780.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Pseudomonas aeruginosa", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "287", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "36752"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_099982812.1", "sequence": "MRDTRFPCLCGIAASTLLFATTPAIAGEAPADRLKALVDAAVQPVMKANDIPGLAVAISLKGEPHYFSYGLASKEDGRRVTPETLFEIGSVSKTFTATLAGYALTQDKMRLDDRASQHWPALQGSRFDGISLLDLATYTAGGLPLQFPDSVQKDQAQIRDYYRQWQPTYAPGSQRLYSNPSIGLFGYLAARSLGQPFERLMEQQVFPALGLEQTHLDVPEAALAQYAQGYGKDDRPLPEGYGVKTSAADLLRFVDANLHPERLDRPWAQALDATHRGYYKVGDMTQGLGWEAYDWPISLKRLQAGNSTPMALQPHRIARLPAPQALEGQRLLNKTGSTNGFGAYVAFVPGRDLGLVILANRNYPNAERVKIAYAILSGLEQQGKVPLKR"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36237": {"category_aro_name": "PDC beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36237", "category_aro_accession": "3000098", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "PDC beta-lactamases are class C beta-lactamases that are found in Pseudomonas aeruginosa."}, "35923": {"category_aro_name": "monobactam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35923", "category_aro_accession": "0000004", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Monobactams are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Unlike penams and cephems, monobactams do not have any ring fused to its four-member lactam structure. Monobactam antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}}, "ARO_name": "PDC-173", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43663", "model_name": "PDC-173", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "3948": {"model_id": "3948", "ARO_accession": "3005226", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "580", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "beta-lactamase gene from Klebsiella pneumoniae. Directly added to NCBI without publication on 07-NOV-2018", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6311": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGCGTTATATTCGCCTGTGTATTATCTCCCTGTTAGCCACCCTGCCGCTGGCGGTACACGCCAGCCCGCAGCCGCTTGAGCAAATTAAACTAAGCGAAAGCCAGCTGTCGGGCCGCGTAGGCATGATAGAAATGGATCTGGCCAGCGGCCGCACGCTGACCGCCTGGCGCGCCGATGAACGCTTTCCCATGATGAGCACCTTTAAAGTAGTGCTCTGCGGCGCAGTGCTGGCGCGGGTGGATGCCGGTGACGAACAGCTGGAGCGAAAGATCCACTATCGCCAGCAGGATCTGGTGGACTACTCGCCGGTCAGCGAAAAACATCTTGCCGACGGCATGACGGTCGGCGAACTCTGCGCCGCCGCCATTACCATGAGCGATAACAGCGCCGCCAATCTGCTGCTGGCCACCGTCGGCGGCCCCGCAGGATTGACTGCCTTTTTGCGCCAGATCGGCGACAACGTCACCCGCCTTGACCGCTGGGAAACGGAACTGAATGAGGCGCTTCCCGGCGACGCCCGCGACACCACTACCCCGGCCAGCATGGCCGCGACCCTGCGCAAGCTGCTGACCAGCCAGCGTCTGAGCGCCCGTTCGCAACGGCAGCTGCTGCAGTGGATGGTGGACGATCGAGTCGCCGGACCGTTGATCCGCTCCGTGCTGCCGGCGGACTGGTTTATCGCCGATAAGACCGGAGCTGGCGAACGGGGTGCGCGCGGGATTGTCGCCCTGCTTGGCCCGAATAACAAAGCAGAGCGCATCGTGGTGATTTATCTGCGGGATACGCCGGCGAGCATGGCCGAGCGAAATCAGCAAATCGCCGGGATCGGCGCGGCGCTGATCGAGCACTGGCAACGCTAA", "fmax": "861", "accession": "NG_062280.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Klebsiella pneumoniae", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "573", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "35915"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_122630865.1", "sequence": "MRYIRLCIISLLATLPLAVHASPQPLEQIKLSESQLSGRVGMIEMDLASGRTLTAWRADERFPMMSTFKVVLCGAVLARVDAGDEQLERKIHYRQQDLVDYSPVSEKHLADGMTVGELCAAAITMSDNSAANLLLATVGGPAGLTAFLRQIGDNVTRLDRWETELNEALPGDARDTTTPASMAATLRKLLTSQRLSARSQRQLLQWMVDDRVAGPLIRSVLPADWFIADKTGAGERGARGIVALLGPNNKAERIVVIYLRDTPASMAERNQQIAGIGAALIEHWQR"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "36024": {"category_aro_name": "SHV beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36024", "category_aro_accession": "3000015", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "SHV-1 shares 68 percent of its amino acids with TEM-1 and has a similar overall structure. The SHV-1 beta-lactamase is most commonly found in K. pneumoniae and is responsible for up to 20% of the plasmid-mediated ampicillin resistance in this species. ESBLs in this family also have amino acid changes around the active site, most commonly at positions 238 or 238 and 240. More than 60 SHV varieties are known."}}, "ARO_name": "SHV-208", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43582", "model_name": "SHV-208", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "3949": {"model_id": "3949", "ARO_accession": "3005227", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "580", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "A beta-lactamase gene from Klebsiella pneumoniae. Directly submitted to NCBI without publication on 07-NOV-2018", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6312": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGCGTTATATTCGCCTGTGTATTATCTCCCTGTTAGCCACCCTGCCGCTGGCGGTACACGCCAGCCCGCAGCCGCTTGAGCAAATTAAACTAAGCGAAAGCCAGCTGTCGGGCCGCGTAGGCATGATAGAAATGGATCTGGCCAGCGGCCGCACGCTGACCGCCTGGCGCGCCGATGAACGCTTTCCCATGATGAGCACCTTTAAAGTAGTGCTCTGCGGCGCAGTGCTGGCGCGGGTGGATGCCGGTGACGAACAGCTGGAGCGAAAGATCCACTATCGCCAGCAGGATCTGGTGGACTACTCGCCGGTCAGCGAAAAACACCTTGCCGACGGCATGACGGTCGGCGAACTCTGTGCCGCCGCCATTACCATGAGCGATAACAGCGCCGCCAATCTGCTGCTGGCCACCGTCGGCGGCCCCGCAGGATTGACTGCCTTTTTGCGCCAGATCGGCGACAACGTCACCCGCCTTGACCGCTGGGAAACGGAACTGAATGAGGCGCTTCCCGGCGACGCCCGCGACACCACTACCCCGGCCAGCATGGCCGCGACCCTGCGCAAGCTGCTGACCAGCCAGCGTCTGAGCGCCCGTTCGCAACGGCAGCTGCTGCAGTGGATGGTGGACGATCGGGTCGCCGGACCGTTGATCCGCTCCGTGCTGCCGGCGGGCTGGTTTATCGCCGATAAGACCGGAGCTGGCGAACGGGGTGCGCGCGGGATTGTCGCCCTGCTTGGCCTGAATAACAAAGCAGAGCGCATTGTGGTGATTTATCTGCGGGATACCCCGGCGAGCATGGCCGAGCGAAATCAGCAAATCGCCGGGATCGGCGCGGCGCTGATCGAGCACTGGCAACGCTAA", "fmax": "861", "accession": "NG_062278.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Klebsiella pneumoniae", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "573", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "35915"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_004143591.1", "sequence": "MRYIRLCIISLLATLPLAVHASPQPLEQIKLSESQLSGRVGMIEMDLASGRTLTAWRADERFPMMSTFKVVLCGAVLARVDAGDEQLERKIHYRQQDLVDYSPVSEKHLADGMTVGELCAAAITMSDNSAANLLLATVGGPAGLTAFLRQIGDNVTRLDRWETELNEALPGDARDTTTPASMAATLRKLLTSQRLSARSQRQLLQWMVDDRVAGPLIRSVLPAGWFIADKTGAGERGARGIVALLGLNNKAERIVVIYLRDTPASMAERNQQIAGIGAALIEHWQR"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "36024": {"category_aro_name": "SHV beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36024", "category_aro_accession": "3000015", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "SHV-1 shares 68 percent of its amino acids with TEM-1 and has a similar overall structure. The SHV-1 beta-lactamase is most commonly found in K. pneumoniae and is responsible for up to 20% of the plasmid-mediated ampicillin resistance in this species. ESBLs in this family also have amino acid changes around the active site, most commonly at positions 238 or 238 and 240. More than 60 SHV varieties are known."}}, "ARO_name": "SHV-206", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43583", "model_name": "SHV-206", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "3940": {"model_id": "3940", "ARO_accession": "3003138", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "700", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "CMY-130 is a beta-lactamase found in Escherichia coli. It confers resistance to cephamycin.", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6303": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGATGAAAAAATCGTTATGCTGCGCTCTGCTGCTGACAGCCTCTTTCTCCACATTTGCTGCCGCAAAAACAGAACAACAGATTGCCGATATCGTTAATCGCACCATCACCCCGTTGATGCAGGAGCTGGCTATTCCGGGTATGGCCGTTGCCGTTATCTACCAGGGAAAACCCTATTATTTCACCTGGGGTAAAGCCGATATCGCCAATAACCACCCAGTCACGCAGCAAACGCTGTTTGAGCTAGGATCGGTTAGTAAGACGTTTAACGGCGTGTTGGGCGGCGATGCTATCGCCCGCGGCGAAATTAAGCTCAGCGATCCGGTCACGAAATACTGGCCAGAACTGACAGGCAAACAGTGGCAGGGTATCCGCCTGCTGCACTTAGCCACCTATACGGCAGGCGGCCTACCGCTGCAGATCCCCGATGACGTTAGGGATAAAGCCGCATTACTGCATTTTTATCAAAACTGGCAGCCGCAATGGACTCCGGGCGCTAAGCGACTTTACGCTAACTCCAGCATTGGTCTGTTTGGCGCGCTGGCGGTGAAACCCTCAGGAATGAGTTACGAAGAGGCAATGACCAGACGCGTCCTGCAACCATTAAAACTGGCGCATACCTGGATTACGGTTCCGCAGAACGAACAAAAAGATTATGCCTGGGGCTATCGCGAAGGGAAGCCCGTACACGTTTCTCCGGGACAACTTGACGCCGAAGCCTATGGCGTGAAATCCAGCGTTATTGATATGGCCCGCTGGGTTCAGGCCAACATGGATGCCAGCCACGTTCAGGAGAAAACGCTCCAGCAGGGCATTGCGCTTGCGCAGTCTCGCTACTGGCGTATTGGCGATATGTACCAGGGATTAGGCTGGGAGATGCTGAACTGGCCGCTGAAAGCTGATTCGATCATCAACGGCAGCGACAGCAAAGTGGCATTGGCAGCGCTTCCCGCCGTTGAGGTAAACCCGCCCGCCCCCGCAGTGAAAGCCTCATGGGTGCATAAAACGGGCTCCACTGGTGGATTTGGCAGCTACGTAGCCTTCGTTCCAGAAAAAAACCTTGGCATCGTGATGCTGGCAAACAAAAGCTATCCTAACCCTGTCCGTGTCGAGGCGGCCTGGCGCATTCTTGAAAAGCTGCAATAA", "fmax": "1146", "accession": "KP207589", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Escherichia coli", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "562", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "35914"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "AKI06385.1", "sequence": "MMKKSLCCALLLTASFSTFAAAKTEQQIADIVNRTITPLMQELAIPGMAVAVIYQGKPYYFTWGKADIANNHPVTQQTLFELGSVSKTFNGVLGGDAIARGEIKLSDPVTKYWPELTGKQWQGIRLLHLATYTAGGLPLQIPDDVRDKAALLHFYQNWQPQWTPGAKRLYANSSIGLFGALAVKPSGMSYEEAMTRRVLQPLKLAHTWITVPQNEQKDYAWGYREGKPVHVSPGQLDAEAYGVKSSVIDMARWVQANMDASHVQEKTLQQGIALAQSRYWRIGDMYQGLGWEMLNWPLKADSIINGSDSKVALAALPAVEVNPPAPAVKASWVHKTGSTGGFGSYVAFVPEKNLGIVMLANKSYPNPVRVEAAWRILEKLQ"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "36208": {"category_aro_name": "CMY beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36208", "category_aro_accession": "3000069", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "CMY beta-lactamases are plasmid-mediated class C beta-lactamases that encodes for resistance to cephamycins."}, "35962": {"category_aro_name": "cephamycin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35962", "category_aro_accession": "0000044", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephamycins are a group of beta-lactam antibiotics, very similar to cephalosporins. Together with cephalosporins, they form a sub-group of antibiotics known as cephems. Cephamycins are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms. The 7-alpha-methoxy group increases resistance to beta-lactamases."}}, "ARO_name": "CMY-130", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "39715", "model_name": "CMY-130", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "3941": {"model_id": "3941", "ARO_accession": "3005219", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "700", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "CMY-144 is a beta-lactamase found in Citrobacter freundii. It confers resistance to cephamycin. Detected directly from NCBI and submitted without publication on 01-NOV-2016.", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6304": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGATGAAAAAATCGTTATGCTGCGCTCTGCTGCTGACAGTCTCATTCTCCACGTTTGCCGCCGCCAAAACAGAACAACAGATTGCCGATATCGTTAATCGCACCATCACCCCGTTGATGCAGGAGCAGGCTATTCCGGGTATGGCCGTTGCCGTTATCTACCAGGGAAAACCCTATTATTTCACCTGGGGTAAAGCCGATATCGCCAATAACCACCCAGTCACGCAGCAAACTCTGTTTGAGCTAGGGTCGGTCAGTAAGACGTTTAACGGCGTGTTGGGCGGCGATGCTATCGCCCGCGGCGAAATTAATCTCAGCGATCCGGTCACGAAATACTGGCCAGAACTGACAGGCAAACAGTGGCAGGGTATCAGCCTGCTGCACTTAGCCACCTATACGGCAGGCGGCCTACCGCTGCAGATCCCCGATGACGTTACAGATAAAGCCGCATTACTGCGTTTTTATCAAAACTGGCAGCCGCAATGGGCTCCGGGCGCTAAGCGTCTTTACGCTAACTCCAGCATTGGTCTGTTTGGTGCGCTGGCGGTGAAACCCTCAGGTATGAGCTACGAAGAGGCAATCACCAGACGCGTCCTGCAGCCATTAAAACTGGCGCATACCTGGATTACAGTTCCGCAAAGCGAACAAAAAGATTATGCCTGGGGCTATCGCGAAGGGAAGCCTGTACACGTTTCTCCGGGACAACTTGATGCCGAAGCCTATGGCGTGAAATCCAACGTTACCGATATGGCACGCTGGGTTCAGGTCAACATGGACGCCAGCCGCGTTCAGGAGAAAACGCTCCAGCAGGGCATTGCGCTTGCGCAGTCTCGCTACTGGCGTATTGGCGATATGTACCAGGGATTAGGATGGGAGATGCTGAACTGGCCGCTGAAAGCTGATTCGATCATCAACGGTAGCGACAGCAAAGTGGCATTGGCAGCGCTTCCCGCCGTTGAGGTAAACCCGCCCGCCCCCGCAGTGAAAGCCTCATGGGTGCATAAAACGGGATCCACTGGAGGATTTGGCAGCTACGTAGCCTTCATTCCAGAAAAAAACCTTGGCATCGTGATGCTGGCAAACAAAAGCTATCCTAACCCTGTCCGTGTCGAGGCGGCCTGGCGCATTCTTGAAAAGCTGCAATAA", "fmax": "3233", "accession": "KY066478", "fmin": "2087", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Citrobacter freundii", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "546", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "36915"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "APC23883.1", "sequence": "MMKKSLCCALLLTVSFSTFAAAKTEQQIADIVNRTITPLMQEQAIPGMAVAVIYQGKPYYFTWGKADIANNHPVTQQTLFELGSVSKTFNGVLGGDAIARGEINLSDPVTKYWPELTGKQWQGISLLHLATYTAGGLPLQIPDDVTDKAALLRFYQNWQPQWAPGAKRLYANSSIGLFGALAVKPSGMSYEEAITRRVLQPLKLAHTWITVPQSEQKDYAWGYREGKPVHVSPGQLDAEAYGVKSNVTDMARWVQVNMDASRVQEKTLQQGIALAQSRYWRIGDMYQGLGWEMLNWPLKADSIINGSDSKVALAALPAVEVNPPAPAVKASWVHKTGSTGGFGSYVAFIPEKNLGIVMLANKSYPNPVRVEAAWRILEKLQ"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "36208": {"category_aro_name": "CMY beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36208", "category_aro_accession": "3000069", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "CMY beta-lactamases are plasmid-mediated class C beta-lactamases that encodes for resistance to cephamycins."}, "35962": {"category_aro_name": "cephamycin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35962", "category_aro_accession": "0000044", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephamycins are a group of beta-lactam antibiotics, very similar to cephalosporins. Together with cephalosporins, they form a sub-group of antibiotics known as cephems. Cephamycins are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms. The 7-alpha-methoxy group increases resistance to beta-lactamases."}}, "ARO_name": "CMY-144", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43575", "model_name": "CMY-144", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "3942": {"model_id": "3942", "ARO_accession": "3005220", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "700", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "CMY-138 is a beta-lactamase found in Proteus mirabilis. It confers resistance to cephamycin. Detected directly from NCBI and submitted without publication on 04-NOV-2015.", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6305": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGATGAAAAAATCGTTATACTGCGCTCTGCTGCTGACAGCCTCTTTCTCCACATTTGCTGCCGCAAAAACAGAACAACAGATTGCCGATATCGTTAATCGCACCATCACCCCGTTGATGCAGGAGCAGGCTATTCCGGGTATGGCCGTTGCCGTTATCTACCAGGGAAAACCCTATTATTTCACCTGGGGTAAAGCCGATATCGCCAATAACCACCCAGTCACGCAGCAAACGCTGTTTGAGCTAGGATCGGTTAGTAAGACGTTTAACGGCGTGTTGGGCGGCGATGCTATCGCCCGCGGCGAAATTAAGCTCAGCGATCCGGTCACGAAATACTGGCCAGAACTGACAGGCAAACAGTGGCAGGGTATCCGCCTGCTGCACTTAGCCACCTATACGGCAGGCGGCCTACCGCTGCAGATCCCCGATGACGTTAGGGATAAAGCCGCATTACTGCATTTTTATCAAAACTGGCAGCCGCAATGGACTCCGGGCGCTAAGCGACTTTACGCTAACTCCAGCATTGGTCTGTTTGGCGCGCTGGCGGTGAAACCCTCAGGAATGAGTTACGAAGAGGCAATGACCAGACGCGTCCTGCAACCATTAAAACTGGCGCATACCTGGATTACGGTTCCGCAGAACGAACAAAAAGATTATGCCCGGGGCTATCGCGAAGGGAAGCCCGTACACGTTTCTCCGGGACAACTTGACGCCGAAGCCTATGGCGTGAAATCCAGCGTTATTGATATGGCCCGCTGGGTTCAGGCCAACATGGATGCCAGCCACGTTCAGGAGAAAACGCTCCAGCAGGGCATTGCGCTTGCGCAGTCTCGCTACTGGCGTATTGGCGATATGTACCAGGGATTAGGCTGGGAGATGCTGAACTGGCCGCTGAAAGCTGATTCGATCATCAACGGCAGCGACAGCAAAGTGGCATTGGCAGCGCTTCCCGCCGTTGAGGTAAACCCGCCCGCCCCCGCAGTGAAAGCCTCATGGGTGCATAAAACGGGCTCCACTGGTGGATTTGGCAGCTACGTAGCCTTCGTTCCAGAAAAAAACCTTGGCATCGTGATGCTGGCAAACAAAAGCTATCCTAACCCTGTCCGTGTCGAGGCGGCCTGGCGCATTCTTGAAAAGCTGCAATAA", "fmax": "1146", "accession": "KT997883", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Proteus mirabilis", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "584", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "36771"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "ALM96710.1", "sequence": "MMKKSLYCALLLTASFSTFAAAKTEQQIADIVNRTITPLMQEQAIPGMAVAVIYQGKPYYFTWGKADIANNHPVTQQTLFELGSVSKTFNGVLGGDAIARGEIKLSDPVTKYWPELTGKQWQGIRLLHLATYTAGGLPLQIPDDVRDKAALLHFYQNWQPQWTPGAKRLYANSSIGLFGALAVKPSGMSYEEAMTRRVLQPLKLAHTWITVPQNEQKDYARGYREGKPVHVSPGQLDAEAYGVKSSVIDMARWVQANMDASHVQEKTLQQGIALAQSRYWRIGDMYQGLGWEMLNWPLKADSIINGSDSKVALAALPAVEVNPPAPAVKASWVHKTGSTGGFGSYVAFVPEKNLGIVMLANKSYPNPVRVEAAWRILEKLQ"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "36208": {"category_aro_name": "CMY beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36208", "category_aro_accession": "3000069", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "CMY beta-lactamases are plasmid-mediated class C beta-lactamases that encodes for resistance to cephamycins."}, "35962": {"category_aro_name": "cephamycin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35962", "category_aro_accession": "0000044", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephamycins are a group of beta-lactam antibiotics, very similar to cephalosporins. Together with cephalosporins, they form a sub-group of antibiotics known as cephems. Cephamycins are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms. The 7-alpha-methoxy group increases resistance to beta-lactamases."}}, "ARO_name": "CMY-138", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43576", "model_name": "CMY-138", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "3943": {"model_id": "3943", "ARO_accession": "3005221", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "1000", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "Novel mcr-3.41 gene identified in an Aeromonas veronii C198 isolate from a patient with Septicemia in Thailand by Hatrongjit et. al", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6306": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGCCTTCCCTTATAAAAATAAAAATTGTTCCGCTTATGTTCTTTTTGGCACTGTATTTTGCATTTATGCTGAACTGGCGTGGAGTTCTCCATTTTTACGAAATCCTTTACAAATTAGAAGATTTTAAGTTTGGTTTCGCCATTTCATTACCAATATTGCTTGTTGCAGCGCTTAACTTTGTATTTGTTCCATTTTCGATACGGTATTTAATAAAGCCTTTTTTTGCACTTCTTATCGCACTTAGTGCAATCGTTAGTTACACAATGATGAAGTATAGAGTCTTGTTTGATCAAAACATGATTCAGAATATTTTTGAAACCAATCAAAATGAGGCGTTAGCATATTTAAGCTTACCAATTATAGGATGGGTTACTATTGCTGGTTTTATCCCTGCCATTTTACTTTTCTTTGTTGAAATTGAATATGAGGAAAAATGGTTCAAAGGGATTCTAACTCGTACCCTATCGATGTTTGCATCACTTATAGTGATTGCGGTTATTGCAGCACTATACTATCAAGATTATGTGTCAGTGGGGCGCAACAATTCAAACCTCCAGCGTGAGATTGTTCCAGCCAATTTCGTTAATAGTACCGTTAAATACGTTTACAATCGTTATCTTGCTGAACCAATCCCATTTACAACTTTAGGTGATGATGCAAAACGGGATACTAATCAAAGTAAGCCCACGTTGATGTTTCTGGTCGTTGGTGAAACCGCTCGTGGTAAAAATTTCTCGATGAATGGCTATGAGAAAGACACCAATCCATTTACCAGTAAATCTGGTGGCGTGATCTCCTTTAATGATGTTCGTTCGTGTGGGACTGCAACCGCTGTATCTGTCCCCTGCATGTTTTCCAATATGGGGAGAAAGGAGTTTGATGATAATCTCGCTCGTAATAGCGAGGGTTTGTTAGATGTGTTGCAGAAAACGGGGGTCTCCATTTTTTGGAAGGAGAACGATGGCGGCTGCAAAGGCGTCTGCGACCGAGTTCCTAACATCGAGATCAAACCGAAGGATTACCCAAAGTTCTGCGATAAAAACACATGCTATGACGAGGTTGTCCTTCAAGAGCTCGACAGTGAAATTGCTCAAATGAAAGGGGATAAGCTGGTTGGCTTCCACCTGATAGGTAGCCATGGCCCAACCTACTACAAGCGCTACCCTGATGCTCATCGTCAGTTCACCCCTGACTGTCCACGCAGTGATATTGAAAACTGCACAGATGAAGAGCTCACCAACACCTATGACAACACCATCCGCTACACCGATTTCGTGATTGGAGAGATGATTGCCAAGTTGAAAACCTACGAAGATAAGTACAACACCGCGTTGCTCTACGTCTCCGATCATGGTGAATCACTGGGAGCATTAGGGCTTTACCTACACGGTACACCGTACAAGTTTGCACCGGATGATCAGACCCGTGTTCCTATGCAGGTGTGGATGTCACCTGGTTTCATCACAGAAAAAGGCATGAATATGGAATGTTTGCAGAAAAATGCCGCAGCCAATCGCTATTCTCATGACAACATATTTTCTTCTGTCCTGGGAATATGGGATGTGAAGACGGCTATCTACGAACAAGAATTAGATATCTTTAAGCAATGTCGGAATAATTGA", "fmax": "3106978", "accession": "JACEGL010000001.1", "fmin": "3105355", "strand": "-"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Aeromonas veronii", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "654", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "39677"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "MBA2799562.1", "sequence": "MPSLIKIKIVPLMFFLALYFAFMLNWRGVLHFYEILYKLEDFKFGFAISLPILLVAALNFVFVPFSIRYLIKPFFALLIALSAIVSYTMMKYRVLFDQNMIQNIFETNQNEALAYLSLPIIGWVTIAGFIPAILLFFVEIEYEEKWFKGILTRTLSMFASLIVIAVIAALYYQDYVSVGRNNSNLQREIVPANFVNSTVKYVYNRYLAEPIPFTTLGDDAKRDTNQSKPTLMFLVVGETARGKNFSMNGYEKDTNPFTSKSGGVISFNDVRSCGTATAVSVPCMFSNMGRKEFDDNLARNSEGLLDVLQKTGVSIFWKENDGGCKGVCDRVPNIEIKPKDYPKFCDKNTCYDEVVLQELDSEIAQMKGDKLVGFHLIGSHGPTYYKRYPDAHRQFTPDCPRSDIENCTDEELTNTYDNTIRYTDFVIGEMIAKLKTYEDKYNTALLYVSDHGESLGALGLYLHGTPYKFAPDDQTRVPMQVWMSPGFITEKGMNMECLQKNAAANRYSHDNIFSSVLGIWDVKTAIYEQELDIFKQCRNN"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36192": {"category_aro_name": "peptide antibiotic", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36192", "category_aro_accession": "3000053", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Peptide antibiotics have a wide range of antibacterial mechanisms, depending on the amino acids that make up the antibiotic, although most act to disrupt the cell membrane in some manner. Subclasses of peptide antibiotics can include additional sidechains of other types, such as lipids in the case of the lipopeptide antibiotics."}, "41432": {"category_aro_name": "MCR phosphoethanolamine transferase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "41432", "category_aro_accession": "3004268", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "A group of mobile colistin resistance genes encode the MCR family of phosphoethanolamine transferases, which catalyze the addition of phosphoethanolamine onto lipid A, thus interfering with the binding of colistin to the cell membrane."}, "35997": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic target alteration", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35997", "category_aro_accession": "0001001", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Mutational alteration or enzymatic modification of antibiotic target which results in antibiotic resistance."}, "36968": {"category_aro_name": "colistin B", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36968", "category_aro_accession": "3000624", "category_aro_class_name": "Antibiotic", "category_aro_description": "Colistin B, or polymyxin E2, has a 6-heptanoic acid lipid tail. Polymyxins disrupt the cell membrane of Gram-negative bacteria."}, "36966": {"category_aro_name": "colistin A", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36966", "category_aro_accession": "3000622", "category_aro_class_name": "Antibiotic", "category_aro_description": "Colistin A, or polymyxin E1, has a 6-octanoic acid lipid tail. Polymyxins disrupt the cell membrane of Gram-negative bacteria."}}, "ARO_name": "mcr-3.41", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43577", "model_name": "mcr-3.41", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "3944": {"model_id": "3944", "ARO_accession": "3005222", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "500", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "OXA-544 is a beta-lactamase in the OXA-2 family of OXA beta-lactamases that confers resistance to ampicillin and cephalothin.", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6307": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "1", "sequence": "CCAGTAGGTCGCACCGTCGAGAGCGGTGCTAACAAGAATCGGTGTAGCACTGATATACAAGATTCTGTTCAATCAACTGTTGGGCATTAAGGAAAAGTTAATGGCAATCCGAATCTTCGCGATACTTTTCTCCATTTTTTCTCTTGCCACTTTCGCGCATGCGCAAGAAGGCACGCTAGAACGTTCTGACTGGAGGAAGTTTTTCAGCGAATTTCAAGCCAAAGGCACGATAGTTGTGGCAGACGAACGCCAAGCGGATCGTGCCATGTTGGTTTTTGATCCTGTGCGATCGAAGAAACGCTACTCGCCTGCATCGACATTCAAGATACTTCATACACTTTTTGCACTTGATGCAGGCGCTGTTCGTGATGAGTTCCAGATTTTTCGATGGGACGGCGTTAACAGGGGCTTTGCAGGCCACAATCAAGACCAAGATTTGCGATCAGCAATGCGGAATTCTACTGTTTGGGTGTATGAGCTATTTGCAAAGGAAATTGGTGATGACAAAGCTCGGCGCTATTTGAAGAAAATCGACTATGGCAACGCCGATCCTTCGACAAGTAATGGCGATTACTGGATAGAAGGCAGCCTTGCAATCTCGGCGCAGGAGCAAATTGCATTTCTCAGGAAGCTCTATCGTAACGAGCTGCCCTTTCGGGTAGAACATCAGCGCTTGGTCAAGGATCTCATGATTGTGGAAGCCGGTCGCAACTGGATACTGCGTGCAAAGACGGGCTGGGAAGGCCGTATGGGTTGGTGGGTAGGATGGGTTGAGTGGCCGACTGGCTCCGTATTCTTCGCACTGAATATTGATACGCCAAACAGAATGGATGATCTTTTCAAGAGGGAGGCAATCGTGCGGGCAATCCTTCGCTCTATTGAAGCGTTACCGCCCAACCCGGCAGTCAACTCGGACGCTGCGCGATAAAACCGCGCAGCGCCGGTTTGCAGGCGCACTACCCGGACTTCATCGCGCGTCTTGAGGCGCAAGACCGCTCGCTGCCCGAGTATGTGCGCGAGGAGTTCGA", "fmax": "1028", "accession": "NG_068180", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Pseudomonas aeruginosa", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "287", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "36752"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_071537493", "sequence": "MAIRIFAILFSIFSLATFAHAQEGTLERSDWRKFFSEFQAKGTIVVADERQADRAMLVFDPVRSKKRYSPASTFKILHTLFALDAGAVRDEFQIFRWDGVNRGFAGHNQDQDLRSAMRNSTVWVYELFAKEIGDDKARRYLKKIDYGNADPSTSNGDYWIEGSLAISAQEQIAFLRKLYRNELPFRVEHQRLVKDLMIVEAGRNWILRAKTGWEGRMGWWVGWVEWPTGSVFFALNIDTPNRMDDLFKREAIVRAILRSIEALPPNPAVNSDAAR"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "36026": {"category_aro_name": "OXA beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36026", "category_aro_accession": "3000017", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "OXA beta-lactamases were long recognized as a less common but also plasmid-mediated beta-lactamase variety that could hydrolyze oxacillin and related anti-staphylococcal penicillins. These beta-lactamases differ from the TEM and SHV enzymes in that they belong to molecular class D and functional group 2d. The OXA-type beta-lactamases confer resistance to ampicillin and cephalothin and are characterized by their high hydrolytic activity against oxacillin and cloxacillin and the fact that they are poorly inhibited by clavulanic acid. Amino acid substitutions in OXA enzymes can also give the ESBL phenotype. The OXA beta-lactamase family was originally created as a phenotypic rather than a genotypic group for a few beta-lactamases that had a specific hydrolysis profile. Therefore, there is as little as 20% sequence homology among some of the members of this family. However, recent additions to this family show some degree of homology to one or more of the existing members of the OXA beta-lactamase family. Some confer resistance predominantly to ceftazidime, but OXA-17 confers greater resistance to cefotaxime and cefepime than it does resistance to ceftazidime."}}, "ARO_name": "OXA-544", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43578", "model_name": "OXA-544", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "3945": {"model_id": "3945", "ARO_accession": "3005223", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "581", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "Beta-lactamase gene from Klebsiella pneumoniae. Directly submitted to NCBI without publication on 04-AUG-2016", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6308": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGCGTTATATTCGCCTGTGTATTATCTCCCTGTTAGCCACCCTGCCGCTGGCGGTACACGCCAGCCCGCAGCCGCTTGAGCAAATTAAACTAAGCGAAAGCCAGCTGTCGGGCCGCGTAGGCATGATAGAAATGGATCTGGCCAGCGGCCGCACGCTGACCGCCTGGCGCGCCGATGAACGCTTTCCCATGATGAGCACCTTTAAAGTAGTGCTCTGCGGCGCAGTGCTGGCGCGGGTGGATGCCGGTGACGAACAGCTGGAGCGAAAGATCCACTATCGCCAGCAGGATCTGGTGGACTACTCGCCGGTCAGCGAAAAACACCTTGCCGACGGCATGACGGTCGGCGAACTCTGCGCCGCCGCCATTACCATGAGCGATAACAGCGCCGCCAATCTGCTGCTGGCCACCGTCGGCGGCCCCGCAGGATTGACTGCCTTTTTGCGCCAGATCGGCGACAACGTCACCCGCCTTGACCGCTGGGAAACGGAACTGAATGAGGCGCTTCCCGGCGACGCCCGCGACACCACTACCCCGGCCAGCATGGCCGCGACCCTGCGCAAGCTGCTGACCAACCAGCGTCTGAGCGCCCGTTCGCAACGGCAGCTGCTGCAGTGGATGGTGGACGATCGGGTCGCCGGACCGTTGATCCGCTCCGTGCTGCCGGCGGGCTGGTTTATCGCCGATAAGACCGGAGCTGGCGAGCGGGGTGCGCGCGGCATTGTCGCCCTGCTTGGCCCGAATAACAAAGCAGAGCGCATTGTGGTGATTTATCTGCGGGATACGCCGGCGAGCATGGCCGAGCGAAATCAGCAAATCGCCGGGATCGGCGCGGCGCTGATCGAGCACTGGCAACGCTAA", "fmax": "861", "accession": "NG_051169.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Klebsiella pneumoniae", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "573", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "35915"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_065419573.1", "sequence": "MRYIRLCIISLLATLPLAVHASPQPLEQIKLSESQLSGRVGMIEMDLASGRTLTAWRADERFPMMSTFKVVLCGAVLARVDAGDEQLERKIHYRQQDLVDYSPVSEKHLADGMTVGELCAAAITMSDNSAANLLLATVGGPAGLTAFLRQIGDNVTRLDRWETELNEALPGDARDTTTPASMAATLRKLLTNQRLSARSQRQLLQWMVDDRVAGPLIRSVLPAGWFIADKTGAGERGARGIVALLGPNNKAERIVVIYLRDTPASMAERNQQIAGIGAALIEHWQR"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "36024": {"category_aro_name": "SHV beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36024", "category_aro_accession": "3000015", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "SHV-1 shares 68 percent of its amino acids with TEM-1 and has a similar overall structure. The SHV-1 beta-lactamase is most commonly found in K. pneumoniae and is responsible for up to 20% of the plasmid-mediated ampicillin resistance in this species. ESBLs in this family also have amino acid changes around the active site, most commonly at positions 238 or 238 and 240. More than 60 SHV varieties are known."}}, "ARO_name": "SHV-194", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43579", "model_name": "SHV-194", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "3946": {"model_id": "3946", "ARO_accession": "3005224", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "577", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "Beta-lactamase gene from Klebsiella pneumoniae. Directly submitted to NCBI without publication on 07-NOV-2018", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6309": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGCGTTATATTCGCCTGTGTATTATCTCCCTGTTAGCCACCCTGCCGCTGGCGGTACACGCCAGCCCGCAGCCGCTTGAGCAAATTAAACTAAGCGAAAGCCAGCTGTCGGGCCGCGTAGGCATGATAGAAATGGATCTGGCCAGCGGCCGCACGCTGACCGCCTGGCGCGCCGATGAACGCTTTCCCATGATGAGCACCTTTAAAGTAGTGCTCTGCGGCGCAGTGCTGGCGCGGGTGGATGCCGGTGACGAACAGCTGGAGCGAAAGATCCACTATCGCCAGCAGGATCTGGTGGACTACTCGCCGGTCAGCGAAAAACACCTTGCCGACGGCATGACGGTCGGCGAACTCTGCGCCGCCGCCATTACCATGAGCGATAACAGCGCCGCCAATCTGCTGCTGGCCACCGTCGGCGGCCCCGCAGGATTGACTGCCTTTTTGCGCCAGATCGGCGACAACGTCACCCGCCTTGACCGCTGGGAAACGGAACTGAATGAGGCGCTTCCCGGCGACGCCCGCGACACCACTACCCCGGCCAGCATGGCCGCGACCCTGCGCAAGCTGCTGACCAGCCCGCGTCTGAGCGTCCGTTCGCAACGGCAGCTGCTGCAGTGGATGGTGGACGATGGGGTCGCCGGACCGTTGATCCGCTCCGTGCTGCCGGCGGGCTGGTTTATCGCCGATAAGACCGGAGCTGGCGAGCGGGGTGCGCGCGGCATTGTCGCCCTGCTTGGCCCGAATAACAAAGCAGAGCGCATTGTGGTGATATATCTGCGGGATACGCCGGCGAGCATGGCCGAGCGAAATCAGCAAATCGCCGGGATCGGCGCGGCGCTGATCGAGCACTGGCAACGCTAA", "fmax": "861", "accession": "NG_062292.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Klebsiella pneumoniae", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "573", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "35915"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_109232473.1", "sequence": "MRYIRLCIISLLATLPLAVHASPQPLEQIKLSESQLSGRVGMIEMDLASGRTLTAWRADERFPMMSTFKVVLCGAVLARVDAGDEQLERKIHYRQQDLVDYSPVSEKHLADGMTVGELCAAAITMSDNSAANLLLATVGGPAGLTAFLRQIGDNVTRLDRWETELNEALPGDARDTTTPASMAATLRKLLTSPRLSVRSQRQLLQWMVDDGVAGPLIRSVLPAGWFIADKTGAGERGARGIVALLGPNNKAERIVVIYLRDTPASMAERNQQIAGIGAALIEHWQR"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "36024": {"category_aro_name": "SHV beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36024", "category_aro_accession": "3000015", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "SHV-1 shares 68 percent of its amino acids with TEM-1 and has a similar overall structure. The SHV-1 beta-lactamase is most commonly found in K. pneumoniae and is responsible for up to 20% of the plasmid-mediated ampicillin resistance in this species. ESBLs in this family also have amino acid changes around the active site, most commonly at positions 238 or 238 and 240. More than 60 SHV varieties are known."}}, "ARO_name": "SHV-220", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43580", "model_name": "SHV-220", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "3947": {"model_id": "3947", "ARO_accession": "3005225", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "580", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "Beta-lactamase gene from Klebsiella pneumoniae. Directed submitted to NCBI without publication on 07-NOV-2018", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6310": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGCGTTATATTCGCCTGTGTATTATCTCCCTGTTAGCCACCCTGCCGCTGGCGGTACACGCCAGCCCGCAGCCGCTTGAGCAAATTAAACTAAGCGAAAGCCAGCTGTCGGGCCGCGTAGGCATGATAGAAATGGATCTGGCCAGCGGCCGCACGCTGACCGCCTGGCGCGCCGATGAACGCTTTCCCATGATGAGCACCTTTAAAGTAGTGCTCTGCGGCGCAGTGCTGGCGCGGGTGGATGCCGGTGACGAACAGCTTGAGCGAAAGATCCACTATCGCCAGCAGGATCTGGTGGACTACTCGCCGGTCAGCGAAAAACACCTTGCCGACGGCATGACGGTCGGCGAACTCTGCGCCGCCGCCATTACCATGAGCGATAACAGCGCCGCCAATCTGCTGCTGGCCACCGTCGGCGGCCCCGCAGGATTGACTGCCTTTTTGCGCCAGATCGGCGACAACGTCACCCGCCTTGACCGCTGGGAAACGGAACTGAATGAGGCGCTTCCCGGCGACGCCCGCGACACCACTACCCCGGCCAGCATGGCCGCGACCCTGCGCAAGCTGCTGACCAGCCAGCGTCTGAGCGCCCGTTCGCAACGGCAGCTGCTGCAGTGGATGGTGGACGATCTGGTCGCCGGACCGTTGATCCGCTCCGTGCTGCCGGCGGGCTGGTTTATCGCCGATAAGACCGGAGCTGGCGAGCGGGGTGCGCGCGGCATTGTCGCCCTGCTTGGCCCGAATAACAAAGCAGAGCGCATTGTGGTGATTTATCTGCGGGATACGCCGGCGAGCATGGCCGAGCGAAATCAGCAAATCGCCGGGATCGGCGCGGCGCTGATCGAGCACTGGCAACGCTAA", "fmax": "861", "accession": "NG_062282.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Klebsiella pneumoniae", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "573", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "35915"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_115196748.1", "sequence": "MRYIRLCIISLLATLPLAVHASPQPLEQIKLSESQLSGRVGMIEMDLASGRTLTAWRADERFPMMSTFKVVLCGAVLARVDAGDEQLERKIHYRQQDLVDYSPVSEKHLADGMTVGELCAAAITMSDNSAANLLLATVGGPAGLTAFLRQIGDNVTRLDRWETELNEALPGDARDTTTPASMAATLRKLLTSQRLSARSQRQLLQWMVDDLVAGPLIRSVLPAGWFIADKTGAGERGARGIVALLGPNNKAERIVVIYLRDTPASMAERNQQIAGIGAALIEHWQR"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "36024": {"category_aro_name": "SHV beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36024", "category_aro_accession": "3000015", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "SHV-1 shares 68 percent of its amino acids with TEM-1 and has a similar overall structure. The SHV-1 beta-lactamase is most commonly found in K. pneumoniae and is responsible for up to 20% of the plasmid-mediated ampicillin resistance in this species. ESBLs in this family also have amino acid changes around the active site, most commonly at positions 238 or 238 and 240. More than 60 SHV varieties are known."}}, "ARO_name": "SHV-210", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43581", "model_name": "SHV-210", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4044": {"model_id": "4044", "ARO_accession": "3005312", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "800", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "PDC-429 is a class C beta-lactamase found in Pseudomonas aeruginosa", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6410": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGCGCGATACCAGATTCCCCTGCCTGTGCGGCATCGCCGCTTCCACACTGCTGTTCGCCGCCACCCCGGCCATTGCCGGCGAGGCCCCGGCGGATCGCCTGAAGGCACTGGTCGACGCCGCCGTACAACCGGTGATGAAGGCCAATGACATTCCGGGCCTGGCCGTGGCCATCAGCCTGAAAGGAGAACCGCATTACTTCAGCTATGGGCTGGCCTCGAAAGAGGACGGCCGCCGGGTGACGCCGGAGACCCTGTTCGAGATCGGCTCGGTGAGCAAGACCTTCACCGCCACCCTCGCCGGCTATGCCCTGGCCCAGGACAAGATGCGCCTCGACGACCGCGCCAGCCAGCACTGGCCGGCACTGCAGGGCAGCCGCTTCGACGGCATCAGCCTGCTCGACCTCGCGACCTATACCGCCGGCGGCTTGCCGCTGCAGTTCCCCGACTCGGTGCAGAAGGACCTGGCACAGATCCGCGACTACTACCGCCAGTGGCAGCCGACCTACGCGCCGGGCAGCCAGCGCCTCTATTCCAACCCGAGCATCGGCCTGTTCGGCTATCTCGCCGCGCGCAGCCTGGGCCAGCCGTTCGAACGGCTCATGGAGCAGCAATTGTTCCCGGCACTGGGCCTCGAACAGACCCACCTCGACGTGCCCGAGGCGGCGCTGGCGCAGTACGCCCAGGGCTACGGCAAGGACGACCGCCCGCTACGGGTCGGTCCCGGCCCGCTGGATGCCGAAGGCTACGGGGTGAAGACCAGCGCGGCCGACCTGCTGCGCTTCGTCGATGCCAACCTGCATCCGGAGCGCCTGGACAGGCCCTGGGCGCAGGCGCTCGATGCCACCCATCGCGGTTACTACAAGGTCGGCGACATGACCCAGGGCCTGGGCTGGGAAGCCTACGACTGGCCGATCTCCCTGAAGCGCCTGCAGGCCGGCAACTCGACGCCGATGGCGCTGCAACCACACAGGATCGCCAGGCTGCCCGCGCCACAGGCGCTGGAGGGCCAGCGCCTGCTGAACAAGACCGGCTCCACCAACGGCTTCGGCGCCTACGTGGCGTTCGTCCCGGGCCGCGACCTGGGCCTGGTGATCCTGGCCAACCGCAACTATCCCAATGCCGAGCGGGTGAAGATCGCCTACGCCATCCTCAGCGGCCTGGAGCAGCAGGCCAAGGTGCCGCTGAAGCGCTGA", "fmax": "1194", "accession": "NG_070195.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Pseudomonas aeruginosa", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "287", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "36752"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_179284370.1", "sequence": "MRDTRFPCLCGIAASTLLFAATPAIAGEAPADRLKALVDAAVQPVMKANDIPGLAVAISLKGEPHYFSYGLASKEDGRRVTPETLFEIGSVSKTFTATLAGYALAQDKMRLDDRASQHWPALQGSRFDGISLLDLATYTAGGLPLQFPDSVQKDLAQIRDYYRQWQPTYAPGSQRLYSNPSIGLFGYLAARSLGQPFERLMEQQLFPALGLEQTHLDVPEAALAQYAQGYGKDDRPLRVGPGPLDAEGYGVKTSAADLLRFVDANLHPERLDRPWAQALDATHRGYYKVGDMTQGLGWEAYDWPISLKRLQAGNSTPMALQPHRIARLPAPQALEGQRLLNKTGSTNGFGAYVAFVPGRDLGLVILANRNYPNAERVKIAYAILSGLEQQAKVPLKR"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36237": {"category_aro_name": "PDC beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36237", "category_aro_accession": "3000098", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "PDC beta-lactamases are class C beta-lactamases that are found in Pseudomonas aeruginosa."}, "35923": {"category_aro_name": "monobactam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35923", "category_aro_accession": "0000004", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Monobactams are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Unlike penams and cephems, monobactams do not have any ring fused to its four-member lactam structure. Monobactam antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}}, "ARO_name": "PDC-429", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43669", "model_name": "PDC-429", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4045": {"model_id": "4045", "ARO_accession": "3005313", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "800", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "PDC-449 is a class C beta-lactamase found in Pseudomonas aeruginosa", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6411": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGCGCGATACCAGATTCCCCTGCCTGTGCGGCATCGCCGCTTCCACACTGCTGTTCGCCACCACCCCGGCCATTGCCGATGAGGCCCCGGCGGATCGCCTGAAGGCACTGGTCGACGCCGCCGTACAACCGGTGATGAAGGCCAATGACATTCCGGGCTTGGCCGTAGCCATCAGCCTGAAAGGAGAACCGCATTACTTCAGCTATGGGCTGGCCTCGAAAGAGGACGGCCGCCGGGTGACGCCGGAGACCCTGTTCGAGATCGGCTCGGTGAGCAAGACCTTCACCGCCACCCTCGCCGGCTATGCCCTGGCCCAGGACAAGATGCGCCTCGACGACCGCGCCAGCCAGCACTGGCCGGCGCTGCAGGGCAGCCGCTTCGACGGCATCAGCCTGCTCGACCTCGCGACCTATACCGCCGGCGGCTTGCCGCTGCAGTTCCCCGACTCGGTGCAGAAGGACCAGGCACAGATCCGCGACTACTACCGCCAGTGGCAGCCGACCTACGCGCCGGGCAGCCAGCGCCTCTATTCCAACCCGAGCATCGGCCTGTTCGGCTATCTCGCCGCGCGCAGCCTGGGCCAGCCGTTCGAACGGCTCATGGAGCAGCAATTGTTCCCGGCACTGGGCCTCGAACAGACCCACCTCGACGTGCCCGAGGCGGCGCTGGCGCAGTACGCCCAGGGCTACGGCAAGGACGACCGCCCGCTACGGGTCGGTCCCGGCCCGCGGGATGCCGAAGGCTACGGGGTGAAGACCAGCGCGGCCGACCTGCTGCGCTTCGTCGATGCCAACCTGCATCCGGAGCGCCTGGACAGGCCCTGGGCGCAGGCGCTCGATGCCACCCATCGCGGTTACTACAAGGTCGGCGACATGACCCAGGGCCTGGGCTGGGAAGCCTACGACTGGCCGATCTCCCTGAAGCGCCTGCAGGCCGGCAACTCGACGCCGATGGCGCTGCAACCACACAGGATCGCCAGGCTGCCCGCGCCACAGGCGCTGGAGGGCCAGCGCCTGCTGAACAAGACCGGCTCCACCAACGGCTTCGGCGCCTACGTGGCGTTCATTCCGGGCCGCGACCTGGGCCTGGTGATCCTGGCCAACCGCAACTATCCCAATGCCGAGCGGGTGAAGATCGCCTACGCCATCCTCAGCGGCCTGGAGCAGCAGGCCAAGGTGCCGCTGAAGCGCTGA", "fmax": "1194", "accession": "NG_070215.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Pseudomonas aeruginosa", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "287", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "36752"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_179284386.1", "sequence": "MRDTRFPCLCGIAASTLLFATTPAIADEAPADRLKALVDAAVQPVMKANDIPGLAVAISLKGEPHYFSYGLASKEDGRRVTPETLFEIGSVSKTFTATLAGYALAQDKMRLDDRASQHWPALQGSRFDGISLLDLATYTAGGLPLQFPDSVQKDQAQIRDYYRQWQPTYAPGSQRLYSNPSIGLFGYLAARSLGQPFERLMEQQLFPALGLEQTHLDVPEAALAQYAQGYGKDDRPLRVGPGPRDAEGYGVKTSAADLLRFVDANLHPERLDRPWAQALDATHRGYYKVGDMTQGLGWEAYDWPISLKRLQAGNSTPMALQPHRIARLPAPQALEGQRLLNKTGSTNGFGAYVAFIPGRDLGLVILANRNYPNAERVKIAYAILSGLEQQAKVPLKR"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36237": {"category_aro_name": "PDC beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36237", "category_aro_accession": "3000098", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "PDC beta-lactamases are class C beta-lactamases that are found in Pseudomonas aeruginosa."}, "35923": {"category_aro_name": "monobactam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35923", "category_aro_accession": "0000004", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Monobactams are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Unlike penams and cephems, monobactams do not have any ring fused to its four-member lactam structure. Monobactam antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}}, "ARO_name": "PDC-449", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43670", "model_name": "PDC-449", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4046": {"model_id": "4046", "ARO_accession": "3005314", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "505", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "OXA-540 is a beta-lactamase in the OXA-2 family of OXA beta-lactamases that confers resistance to ampicillin and cephalothin.", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6412": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "1", "sequence": "GCGTTACGCCGTGGGTCGATGTTTGATGTTATGGAGCAGCAACGATGTTACGCAGCAGGGCAGTCGCCCTAAAACAAAGTTGGGCATTAAGGAAAAGTTAATGGCAATCCGAATCTTCGCGATACTTTTCTCCATTTTTTCTCTTGCCACTTTCGCGCATGCGCAAGAAGGCACGCTAGCACGTTCTGACTGGAGGAAGTTTTTCAGCGAATTTCAAGCCAAAGGCACGATAGTTGTGGCAGACGAACGCCAAGCGGATCGTGCCATGTTGGTTTTTGATCCTGTGCGATCGAAGAAACGCTACTCGCCTGCATCGACATTCAAGATACCTCATACACTTTTTGCACTTGATGCAGGCGCTGTTCGTGATGAGTTCCAGATTTTTCGATGGGACGGCGTTAACAGGGGCTTTGCAGGCCACAATCAAGACCAAGATTTGCGATCAGCAATGCGGAATTCTACTGTTTGGGTGTATGAGCTATTTGCAAAGGAAATTGGTGATGACAAAGCTCGGCGCTATTTGAAGAAAATCGACTATGGCAACGCCGATCCTTCGACAAGTAATGGCGATTACTGGATAGAAGGCAGCCTTGCAATCTCGGCGCAGGAGCAAATTGCATTTCTCAGGAAGCTCTATCGTAACGAGCTGCCCTTTCGGGTAGAACATCAGCGCTTGGTCAAGGATCTCATGATTGTGGAAGCCGGTCGCAACTGGATACTGCGTGCAAAGACGGGCTGGGAAGGCCGTATGGGTTGGTGGGTAGGATGGGTTGAGTGGCCGACTGGCTCCGTATTCTTCGCACTGAATATTGATACGCCAAACAGAATGGATGATCTTTTCAAGAGGGAGGCAATCGTGCGGGCAATCCTTCGCTCTATTGAAGCGTTACCGCCCAACCCGGCAGTCAACTCGGACGCTGCGCGATAAAACCGCGCAGCGCCGGTTACTTCAACGTTAGGCCGCACAAAATCAACGCCTTATGTACACCAAGAATGCCGCAATAGTTCTGCGCCTCATGACTGAGAGC", "fmax": "1028", "accession": "NG_052174", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Stenotrophomonas maltophilia", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "40324", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "37076"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_071846203.1", "sequence": "MAIRIFAILFSIFSLATFAHAQEGTLARSDWRKFFSEFQAKGTIVVADERQADRAMLVFDPVRSKKRYSPASTFKIPHTLFALDAGAVRDEFQIFRWDGVNRGFAGHNQDQDLRSAMRNSTVWVYELFAKEIGDDKARRYLKKIDYGNADPSTSNGDYWIEGSLAISAQEQIAFLRKLYRNELPFRVEHQRLVKDLMIVEAGRNWILRAKTGWEGRMGWWVGWVEWPTGSVFFALNIDTPNRMDDLFKREAIVRAILRSIEALPPNPAVNSDAAR"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "36026": {"category_aro_name": "OXA beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36026", "category_aro_accession": "3000017", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "OXA beta-lactamases were long recognized as a less common but also plasmid-mediated beta-lactamase variety that could hydrolyze oxacillin and related anti-staphylococcal penicillins. These beta-lactamases differ from the TEM and SHV enzymes in that they belong to molecular class D and functional group 2d. The OXA-type beta-lactamases confer resistance to ampicillin and cephalothin and are characterized by their high hydrolytic activity against oxacillin and cloxacillin and the fact that they are poorly inhibited by clavulanic acid. Amino acid substitutions in OXA enzymes can also give the ESBL phenotype. The OXA beta-lactamase family was originally created as a phenotypic rather than a genotypic group for a few beta-lactamases that had a specific hydrolysis profile. Therefore, there is as little as 20% sequence homology among some of the members of this family. However, recent additions to this family show some degree of homology to one or more of the existing members of the OXA beta-lactamase family. Some confer resistance predominantly to ceftazidime, but OXA-17 confers greater resistance to cefotaxime and cefepime than it does resistance to ceftazidime."}}, "ARO_name": "OXA-540", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43671", "model_name": "OXA-540", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4047": {"model_id": "4047", "ARO_accession": "3005315", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "500", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "OXA-779 is a beta-lactamase in the OXA-46 family of OXA beta-lactamases that confers resistance to ampicillin and cephalothin.", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6413": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGGCAATCCGATTCTTCACCATACTGCTATCCACCTTCTTTCTTACCTCATTCGTGTATGCGCAAGAACATGTGGTAATCCGTTCGGACTGGAAAAAGTTCTTCAGCGACCTCCAGGCCGAAGGTGCAATCGTTATTGCAGACGAACGTCAAGCGAAGCATACTTTATCGGTTTTTGATCAAGAGCGAGCGGCAAAGCGTTACTCGCCAGCTTCAACCTTCAAGATACCCCACACACTTTTTGCACTTGATGCAGACGCCGTTCGTGATGAGTTCCAGGTTTTTCGATGGGACGGCGTTAACCGAAGCTTTGCAGGTCACAATCAAAACCAAGATTTGCGATCAGCGATGCGAAATTCTACGGTTTGGGTTTATGAGCTGTTTGCAAAAGATATCGGAGAGGACAAAGCAAGACGTTATTTAAAGCAAATTGATTATGGCAACGTCGATCCTTCGACAATCAAGGGCGATTACTGGATAGATGGAAATCTTAAAATCTCAGCGCACGAACAGATTTTGTTTCTCAGAAAACTCTATCGAAATCAGTTACCATTTAAGGTGGAGCACCAGCGCTTGGTGAAAGATCTCATGATTACGGAAGCCGGGCGCAGTTGGATACTACGCGCAAAGACCGGCTGGGAAGGCAGGTTTGGCTGGTGGGTAGGGTGGATTGAATGGCCAACAGGCCCCGTATTCTTTGCGCTGAATATTGATACGCCAAACAGAACGGACGATCTTTTCAAAAGAGAGGCCATCGCACGGGCAATCCTTCGTTCTATTGACGCATTGCCACCCAACTAA", "fmax": "801", "accession": "NG_062354", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Pseudomonas aeruginosa", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "287", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "36752"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_122634438.1", "sequence": "MAIRFFTILLSTFFLTSFVYAQEHVVIRSDWKKFFSDLQAEGAIVIADERQAKHTLSVFDQERAAKRYSPASTFKIPHTLFALDADAVRDEFQVFRWDGVNRSFAGHNQNQDLRSAMRNSTVWVYELFAKDIGEDKARRYLKQIDYGNVDPSTIKGDYWIDGNLKISAHEQILFLRKLYRNQLPFKVEHQRLVKDLMITEAGRSWILRAKTGWEGRFGWWVGWIEWPTGPVFFALNIDTPNRTDDLFKREAIARAILRSIDALPPN"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "36026": {"category_aro_name": "OXA beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36026", "category_aro_accession": "3000017", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "OXA beta-lactamases were long recognized as a less common but also plasmid-mediated beta-lactamase variety that could hydrolyze oxacillin and related anti-staphylococcal penicillins. These beta-lactamases differ from the TEM and SHV enzymes in that they belong to molecular class D and functional group 2d. The OXA-type beta-lactamases confer resistance to ampicillin and cephalothin and are characterized by their high hydrolytic activity against oxacillin and cloxacillin and the fact that they are poorly inhibited by clavulanic acid. Amino acid substitutions in OXA enzymes can also give the ESBL phenotype. The OXA beta-lactamase family was originally created as a phenotypic rather than a genotypic group for a few beta-lactamases that had a specific hydrolysis profile. Therefore, there is as little as 20% sequence homology among some of the members of this family. However, recent additions to this family show some degree of homology to one or more of the existing members of the OXA beta-lactamase family. Some confer resistance predominantly to ceftazidime, but OXA-17 confers greater resistance to cefotaxime and cefepime than it does resistance to ceftazidime."}}, "ARO_name": "OXA-779", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43672", "model_name": "OXA-779", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4040": {"model_id": "4040", "ARO_accession": "3005308", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "800", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "PDC-393 is a class C beta-lactamase found in Pseudomonas aeruginosa", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6406": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGCGCGATACCAGATTCTCCTGCCTGTGCGGCATCGCCGCTTCCACACTGCTGTTCGCCACCACCCCGGCCATTGCCGATGAGGCCCCGGCGGATCGCCTGAAGGCACTGGTCGACGCCGCCGTACAACCGGTGATGAAGGCCAATGACATTCCGGGCCTGGCCGTAGCCATCAGCCTGAAAGGAGAACCGCATTACTTCAGCTATGGGCTGGCCTCGAAAGAGGACGGCCGCCGGGTGACGCCGGAGACCCTGTTCGAGATCGGCTCGGTGAGCAAGACCTTCACCGCCACCCTCGCCGGCTATGCCCTGGCCCAGGACAAGATGCGCCTCGACGACCGCGCCAGCCAGCACTGGCCGGCACTGCAGGGCAGCCGCTTCGACGGCATCAGCCTGCTCGACCTCGCGACCTATACCGCCGGCGGCTTGCCGCTGCAGTTCCCCGACTCGGTGCAGAAGGACCAGGCACAGATCCGCGACTACTACCGCCAGTGGCAGCCGACCTACGCGCCGGGCAGCCAGCGCCTCTATTCCAACCCGAGCATCGGCCTGTTCGGCTATCTCGCCGCGCGCAGCCTGGGCCAGCCGTTCGAACGGCTCATGGAGCAGCAATTGTTCCCGGCACTGGGCCTCGAACAGACCCACCTCGACGTGCCCGAGGCGGCGCTGGCGCAGTACGCCCAGGGCTACGGCAAGGACGACCGCCCGCTACGGGTCGGTCCCGGCCCGCTGGATGCCGAAGGCTACGGGGTGAAGACCAGCGCCGCCGACCTGCTGCGCTTCGTCGATGCCAACCTGCATCCGGAGCGCCTGGACAGGCCCTGGGCGCAGGCGCTCGATGCCACTCATCGCGGTTACTACAAGGTCGGCGACATGACCCAGGGCCTGGGCTGGGAAGCCTACGACTGGCCGATCTCCCTGAAGCGCCTGCAGGCCGGCAACTCGACGCCGATGGCGCTGCAACCACACAGGATCGCCAGGCTGCCCGCGCCACAGGCGCTGGAGGGCCAGCGCCTGCTGAACAAGACCGGCTCCACCAACAACGGCTTCGGCGCCTACGTGGCGTTCATTCCGGGCCGCGACCTGGGCCTGGTGATCCTGGCCAACCGCAACTATCCCAATGCCGAGCGGGTGAAGATCGCCTACGCCATCCTCAGCGGCCTGGAGCAGCAGGCCAAGGTGCCGCTGAAGCGCTGA", "fmax": "1197", "accession": "NG_068033.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Pseudomonas aeruginosa", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "287", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "36752"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_164461297.1", "sequence": "MRDTRFSCLCGIAASTLLFATTPAIADEAPADRLKALVDAAVQPVMKANDIPGLAVAISLKGEPHYFSYGLASKEDGRRVTPETLFEIGSVSKTFTATLAGYALAQDKMRLDDRASQHWPALQGSRFDGISLLDLATYTAGGLPLQFPDSVQKDQAQIRDYYRQWQPTYAPGSQRLYSNPSIGLFGYLAARSLGQPFERLMEQQLFPALGLEQTHLDVPEAALAQYAQGYGKDDRPLRVGPGPLDAEGYGVKTSAADLLRFVDANLHPERLDRPWAQALDATHRGYYKVGDMTQGLGWEAYDWPISLKRLQAGNSTPMALQPHRIARLPAPQALEGQRLLNKTGSTNNGFGAYVAFIPGRDLGLVILANRNYPNAERVKIAYAILSGLEQQAKVPLKR"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36237": {"category_aro_name": "PDC beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36237", "category_aro_accession": "3000098", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "PDC beta-lactamases are class C beta-lactamases that are found in Pseudomonas aeruginosa."}, "35923": {"category_aro_name": "monobactam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35923", "category_aro_accession": "0000004", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Monobactams are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Unlike penams and cephems, monobactams do not have any ring fused to its four-member lactam structure. Monobactam antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}}, "ARO_name": "PDC-393", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43665", "model_name": "PDC-393", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4041": {"model_id": "4041", "ARO_accession": "3005309", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "800", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "PDC-119 is a class C beta-lactamase found in Pseudomonas aeruginosa", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6407": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGCGCGATACCAGATTCCCCTGCCTGTGCGGCATCGCCGCTTCCACACTGCTGTTCGCCACCACCCCGGCCATTGCCGGCGAGGCCCCGGCGGATCGCCTGAAGGCACTGGTCGACGCCGCCGTACAACCGGTGATGAAGGCCAATGACATTCCGGGCCTGGCCGTAGCCATCAGCCTGAAAGGAGAACCGCATTACTTCAGCTATGGGCTGGCCTCGAAAGAGGACGGCCGCCGGGTGACGCCGGAGACCCTGTTCGAGATCGGCTCGGTGAGCAAGACCTTCACCGCCACCCTCGCCGGCTATGCCCTGGCCCAGGACAAGATGCGCCTCGACGACCGCGCCAGCCAGCACTGGCCGGCACTGCAGGGCAGCCGCTTCGACGGCATCAGCCTGCTCGACCTCGCGACCTATACCGCCGGCGGCTTGCCGCTGCAGTTCCCCGACTCGGTGCAGAAGGACCAGGCACAGATCCGCGACTACTACCGCCAGTGGCAGCCGACCTATGCGCCGGGCAGCCAGCGCCTCTATTCCAACCCGAGCATCGGCCTGTTCGGCTATCTCGCCGCACGCAGCCTGGGCCAGCCGTTCGAACGACTCATGGAGCAGCAAGTGTTCCCGGCACTGGGCCTCGAACAGACCCACCTCGACGTGCCCGAGGCGGCGCTGGCGCAGTACGCCCAGGGCTACGGCAAGGACGACCGCCCGCTACGGGTCGGTCCCAGCCCGCTGGATGCCGAAGGCTACGGGGTGAAGACCAGCGCGGCCGACCTGCTGCGCTTCGTCGATGCCAACCTGCATCCGGAGCGCCTGGACAGGCCCTGGGCGCAGGCGCTCGATGCCACCCATCGCGGTTACTACAAGGTCGGCGACATGACCCAGGGCCTGGGCTGGGAAGCCTACGACTGGCCGATCTCCCTGAAGCGCCTGCAGGCCGGCAACTCGACGCCGATGGCGCTGCAACCGCACAGGATCGCCAGGCTGCCCGCGCCACAGGCGCTGGAGGGCCAGCGCCTGCTGAACAAGACCGGCTCCACCAACGGCTTCGGCGCCTACGTGGCGTTCGTCCCGGGCCGCGACCTGGGCCTGGTGATCCTGGCCAACCGCAACTATCCCAATGCCGAGCGGGTGAAGATCGCCTACGCCATCCTCAGCGGCCTGGAGCAGCAGGGCAAGGTGCCGCTGAAGCGCTGA", "fmax": "1194", "accession": "NG_055483.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Pseudomonas aeruginosa", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "287", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "36752"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_058128316.1", "sequence": "MRDTRFPCLCGIAASTLLFATTPAIAGEAPADRLKALVDAAVQPVMKANDIPGLAVAISLKGEPHYFSYGLASKEDGRRVTPETLFEIGSVSKTFTATLAGYALAQDKMRLDDRASQHWPALQGSRFDGISLLDLATYTAGGLPLQFPDSVQKDQAQIRDYYRQWQPTYAPGSQRLYSNPSIGLFGYLAARSLGQPFERLMEQQVFPALGLEQTHLDVPEAALAQYAQGYGKDDRPLRVGPSPLDAEGYGVKTSAADLLRFVDANLHPERLDRPWAQALDATHRGYYKVGDMTQGLGWEAYDWPISLKRLQAGNSTPMALQPHRIARLPAPQALEGQRLLNKTGSTNGFGAYVAFVPGRDLGLVILANRNYPNAERVKIAYAILSGLEQQGKVPLKR"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36237": {"category_aro_name": "PDC beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36237", "category_aro_accession": "3000098", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "PDC beta-lactamases are class C beta-lactamases that are found in Pseudomonas aeruginosa."}, "35923": {"category_aro_name": "monobactam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35923", "category_aro_accession": "0000004", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Monobactams are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Unlike penams and cephems, monobactams do not have any ring fused to its four-member lactam structure. Monobactam antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}}, "ARO_name": "PDC-119", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43666", "model_name": "PDC-119", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4042": {"model_id": "4042", "ARO_accession": "3005310", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "800", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "PDC-313 is a class C beta-lactamase found in Pseudomonas aeruginosa", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6408": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGCGCGATACCAGATTCCCCTGCCTGTGCGGCATCGCCGCTTCCACACTGCTGTTCGCCACCACCCCGGCCATTGCCGGCGAGGCCCCGGCGGATCGCCTGAAGGCACTGGTCGACGCCGCCGTACAACCGGTGATGAAGGCCAATGACATTCCGGGCCTGGCCGTAGCCATCAGCCTGAAAGGAGAACCGCATTACTTCAGCTATGGGCTGGCCTCGAAAGAGGACGGCCGCCGGGTGACGCCGGAGACCCTGTTCGAGATCGGCTCGGTGAGCAAGACCTTCACCGCCACCCTCGCCGGCTATGCCCTGGCCCAGGACAAGATGCGCCTCGACGACCGCGCCAGCCAGCACTGGCCGGCACTGCAGGGCAGCCGCTTCGACGGCATCAGCCTGCTCGACCTCGCGACCTATACCGCCGGCGGCTTGCCGCTGCAGTTCCCCGACTCGGTGCAGAAGGACCAGGCACAGATCCGCGACTACTACCGCCAGTGGCAGCCGACCTATGCGCCGGGCAGCCAGCGCCTCTATTCCAACCCGAGCATCGGCCTGTTCGGCTATCTCGCCGCGCGCAGCCTGGGCCAGCCGTTCGAACGACTCATGGAGCAGCAAGTGTTCCCGGCACTGGGCCTCGAACAGACCCACCTCGACGTGCCCGAGGCGGCGCTGGCGCAGTACGCCCAGGGCTACGGCAAGGACGACCGCCCGCTACGGGTCGGTCCCGGCCCGCTGGATGCCGAAGGCTACGGGGTGAAGACCAGCGCGGCCGACCTGCTGCGCTTCGTCGATGCCAACCTGCATCCGGAGCGCCTGGACAGGCCCTGGGCGCAGGCGCTCGATGCCACCCATCGCGGTTACTACAAGGTCGGCGACATGACCCAGGGCCTGGGCTGGGAAGCCTACGACTGGCCGATCTCCCTGAAGCGCCTGCAGGCCGGCAACTCGACGCCGATGGCGCTGCAACCGCACAGGATCGCCAGGCTGCCCGCGCCACAGGCGCCGGAGGGCCAGCGCCTGCTGAACAAGACCGGTTCCACCAACGGCTTCGGCGCCTACGTGGCGTTCGTCCCGGGCCGCGACCTGGGACTGGTGATCCTGGCCAACCGCAACTATCCCAATGCCGAGCGGGTGAAGATCGCCTACGCCATCCTCAGCGGCCTGGAGCAGCAGGGCAAGGTGCCGCTGAAGCGCTGA", "fmax": "1194", "accession": "NG_062264.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Pseudomonas aeruginosa", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "287", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "36752"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_122630851.1", "sequence": "MRDTRFPCLCGIAASTLLFATTPAIAGEAPADRLKALVDAAVQPVMKANDIPGLAVAISLKGEPHYFSYGLASKEDGRRVTPETLFEIGSVSKTFTATLAGYALAQDKMRLDDRASQHWPALQGSRFDGISLLDLATYTAGGLPLQFPDSVQKDQAQIRDYYRQWQPTYAPGSQRLYSNPSIGLFGYLAARSLGQPFERLMEQQVFPALGLEQTHLDVPEAALAQYAQGYGKDDRPLRVGPGPLDAEGYGVKTSAADLLRFVDANLHPERLDRPWAQALDATHRGYYKVGDMTQGLGWEAYDWPISLKRLQAGNSTPMALQPHRIARLPAPQAPEGQRLLNKTGSTNGFGAYVAFVPGRDLGLVILANRNYPNAERVKIAYAILSGLEQQGKVPLKR"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36237": {"category_aro_name": "PDC beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36237", "category_aro_accession": "3000098", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "PDC beta-lactamases are class C beta-lactamases that are found in Pseudomonas aeruginosa."}, "35923": {"category_aro_name": "monobactam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35923", "category_aro_accession": "0000004", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Monobactams are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Unlike penams and cephems, monobactams do not have any ring fused to its four-member lactam structure. Monobactam antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}}, "ARO_name": "PDC-313", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43667", "model_name": "PDC-313", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4043": {"model_id": "4043", "ARO_accession": "3005311", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "800", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "PDC-257 is a class C beta-lactamase found in Pseudomonas aeruginosa", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6409": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGCGCGATACCAGATTCCCCTGCCTGTGCGGCATCGCCGCTTCCACACTGCTGTTCGCCACCACCCCGGCCATTGCCGGCGAGGCCCCGGCGGATCGCCTGAAGGCACTGGTCGACGCCGCCGTACAACCGGTGATGAAGGCCAATGACATTCCGGGCCTGGCCGTAGCCATCAGCCTGAAAGGAGAACCGCATTACTTCAGCTATGGGCTGGCCTCGAAAGAGGACGGCCGCCGGGTGACGCCGGAGACCCTGTTCGAGATCGGCTCGGTGAGCAAGACCTTCACCGCCACCCTCGCCGGCTATGCCCTGGCCCAGGACAAGATGCGCCTCGACGACCGCGCCAGCCAGCACTGGCCGGCACTGCAGGGCAGCCGCTTCGACGGCATCAGCCTGCTCGACCTCGCGACCTATACCGCCGGCGGCTTGCCGCTGCAGTTCCCCGACTCGGTGCAGAAGGACCAGGCACAGATCCGCGACTACTACCGCCAGTGGCAGCCGACCTATGCGCCGGGCAGCCAGCGCCTCTATTCCAACCCGAGCATCGGCCTGTTCGGCTATCTCGCCGCGCGCAGCCTGGGCCAGCCGTTCGAACGACTCATGGAGCAGCAAGTGTTCCCGGCACTGGGCCTCGAACAGACCCACCTCGACGTGCCCGAGGCGGCGCTGGCGCAGTACGCCCAGGGCTACGGCAAGGACGACCGCCCGCTACGGGTCGGTCCCGGCCCGCTGGATGCCGAAGGCTACGGGGTGAAGACCAGCGCGGCCGACCTGCTGCGCTTCGTCGATGCCAACCTGCATCCGGAGCGCCTGGACAGGCCCTGGGCGCAGGCGCTCGATGCCACCCATCGCGGTTACTACAAGGTCGGCGACATGACCCAGGGCCTGGGCTGGGAAGCCTACGACTGGCCGATCTCCCTGAAGCGCCTGCGGGCCGGCAACTCGACGCCGATGGCGCTGCAACCGCACAGGATCGCCAGGCTGCCCGCGCCACAGGCGCTGGAGGGCCAGCGCCTGCTGAACAAGACCGGTTCCACCAACGGCTTCGGCGCCTACGTGGCGTTCGTCCCGGGCCGCGACCTGGGACTGGTGATCCTGGCCAACCGCAACTATCCCAATGCCGAGCGGGTGAAGATCGCCTACGCCATCCTCAGCGGCCTGGAGCAGCAGGGCAAGGTGCCGCTGAAGCGCTGA", "fmax": "1194", "accession": "NG_057589.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Pseudomonas aeruginosa", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "287", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "36752"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_109791191.1", "sequence": "MRDTRFPCLCGIAASTLLFATTPAIAGEAPADRLKALVDAAVQPVMKANDIPGLAVAISLKGEPHYFSYGLASKEDGRRVTPETLFEIGSVSKTFTATLAGYALAQDKMRLDDRASQHWPALQGSRFDGISLLDLATYTAGGLPLQFPDSVQKDQAQIRDYYRQWQPTYAPGSQRLYSNPSIGLFGYLAARSLGQPFERLMEQQVFPALGLEQTHLDVPEAALAQYAQGYGKDDRPLRVGPGPLDAEGYGVKTSAADLLRFVDANLHPERLDRPWAQALDATHRGYYKVGDMTQGLGWEAYDWPISLKRLRAGNSTPMALQPHRIARLPAPQALEGQRLLNKTGSTNGFGAYVAFVPGRDLGLVILANRNYPNAERVKIAYAILSGLEQQGKVPLKR"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36237": {"category_aro_name": "PDC beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36237", "category_aro_accession": "3000098", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "PDC beta-lactamases are class C beta-lactamases that are found in Pseudomonas aeruginosa."}, "35923": {"category_aro_name": "monobactam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35923", "category_aro_accession": "0000004", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Monobactams are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Unlike penams and cephems, monobactams do not have any ring fused to its four-member lactam structure. Monobactam antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}}, "ARO_name": "PDC-257", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43668", "model_name": "PDC-257", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4048": {"model_id": "4048", "ARO_accession": "3005316", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "475", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "OXA-838 is a beta-lactamase in the OXA-2 family of OXA beta-lactamases that confers resistance to ampicillin and cephalothin.", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6414": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGGCAATCCGAATCTTCGCGATACTTTTCTCCATTTTTTCTCTTGCCACTTTCGCGCATGCGCAAGAAGGCACGCTAGAACGTTCTGACTGGAGGAAGTTTTTCAGCGAATTTCAAGCCAAAGGCACGATAGTTGTGGCAGACGAACGCCAAGCGGATCGTGCCATGTTGGTTTTTGATCCTGTGCGATCGAAGAAACGCTACTCGCCTGCATCGACATTCAAGATACCTCATACACTTTTTGCACTTGATGCAGGCGCTGTTCGTGATGAGTTCCAGATTTTTCGATGGGACGGCGTTAACAGGGGCTTTGCAGGCCACAATCAAGACCAAGATTTGCGATCAGCAATGCGGAATTCTACTGTTTGGGTGTATGAGCTATTTGCAAAGGAAATTGGTGATGACAAAGCTCGGCGCTATTTGAAGAAAATCGACTATGGCAAAGCCGATCCTTCGACAAGTAATGGCGATTACTGGATAGAAGGCAGCCTTGCAATCTCGGCGCAGGAGCAAATTGCATTTCTCAGGAAGCTCTATCGTAACGAGCTGCCCTTTCGGGTAGAACATCAGCGCTTGGTCAAGGATCTCATGATTGTGGAAGCCGGTCGCAACTGGATACTGCGTGCAAAGACGGGCTGGGAAGGCCGTATGGGTTGGTGGGTAGGATGGGTTGAGTGGCCGACTGGCTCCGTATTCTTCGCACTGAATATTGATACGCCAAACAGAATGGATGATCTTTTCAAGAGGGAGGCAATCGTGCGGGCAATCCTTCGCTCTATTGAAGCGTTACCGCCTAACCCGGCAGTCAACTCGGACGCTGCGCGATAA", "fmax": "828", "accession": "MN339504", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Pseudomonas aeruginosa", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "287", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "36752"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "QEJ74001.1", "sequence": "MAIRIFAILFSIFSLATFAHAQEGTLERSDWRKFFSEFQAKGTIVVADERQADRAMLVFDPVRSKKRYSPASTFKIPHTLFALDAGAVRDEFQIFRWDGVNRGFAGHNQDQDLRSAMRNSTVWVYELFAKEIGDDKARRYLKKIDYGKADPSTSNGDYWIEGSLAISAQEQIAFLRKLYRNELPFRVEHQRLVKDLMIVEAGRNWILRAKTGWEGRMGWWVGWVEWPTGSVFFALNIDTPNRMDDLFKREAIVRAILRSIEALPPNPAVNSDAAR"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "36026": {"category_aro_name": "OXA beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36026", "category_aro_accession": "3000017", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "OXA beta-lactamases were long recognized as a less common but also plasmid-mediated beta-lactamase variety that could hydrolyze oxacillin and related anti-staphylococcal penicillins. These beta-lactamases differ from the TEM and SHV enzymes in that they belong to molecular class D and functional group 2d. The OXA-type beta-lactamases confer resistance to ampicillin and cephalothin and are characterized by their high hydrolytic activity against oxacillin and cloxacillin and the fact that they are poorly inhibited by clavulanic acid. Amino acid substitutions in OXA enzymes can also give the ESBL phenotype. The OXA beta-lactamase family was originally created as a phenotypic rather than a genotypic group for a few beta-lactamases that had a specific hydrolysis profile. Therefore, there is as little as 20% sequence homology among some of the members of this family. However, recent additions to this family show some degree of homology to one or more of the existing members of the OXA beta-lactamase family. Some confer resistance predominantly to ceftazidime, but OXA-17 confers greater resistance to cefotaxime and cefepime than it does resistance to ceftazidime."}}, "ARO_name": "OXA-838", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43673", "model_name": "OXA-838", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4049": {"model_id": "4049", "ARO_accession": "3005317", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "500", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "OXA-539 is a beta-lactamase in the OXA-2 family of OXA beta-lactamases that confers resistance to ampicillin and cephalothin.", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6415": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGGCAATCCGAATCTTCGCGATACTTTTCTCCATTTTTTCTCTTGCCACTTTCGCGCATGCGCAAGAAGGCACGCTAGAACGTTCTGACTGGAGGAAGTTTTTCAGCGAATTTCAAGCCAAAGGCACGATAGTTGTGGCAGACGAACGCCAAGCGGATCGTGCCATGTTGGTTTTTGATCCTGTGCGATCGAAGAAACGCTACTCGCCTGCATCGACATTCAAGATACCTCATACACTTTTTGCACTTGATGCAGGCGCTGTTCGTGATGAGTTCCAGATTTTTCGATGGGACGGCGTTAACAGGGGCTTTGCAGGCCACAATCAAGACCAAGATTTGCGATCAGCAATGCGGAATTCTACTGTTTGGGTGTATGAGCTATTTGCAAAGGAAATTGGTGATGACAAAGCTCGGCGCTATTTGAAGAAAATCGACTATGGCAACGCCGATGATCCTTCGACAAGTAATGGCGATTACTGGATAGAAGGCAGCCTTGCAATCTCGGCGCAGGAGCAAATTGCATTTCTCAGGAAGCTCTATCGTAACGAGCTGCCCTTTCGGGTAGAACATCAGCGCTTGGTCAAGGATCTCATGATTGTGGAAGCCGGTCGCAACTGGATACTGCGTGCAAAGACGGGCTGGGAAGGCCGTATGGGTTGGTGGGTAGGATGGGTTGAGTGGCCGACTGGCTCCGTATTCTTCGCACTGAATATTGATACGCCAAACAGAATGGATGATCTTTTCAAGAGGGAGGCAATCGTGCGGGCAATCCTTCGCTCTATTGAAGCGTTACCGCCCAACCCGGCAGTCAACTCGGACGCTGCGCGATAA", "fmax": "831", "accession": "NG_052064", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Pseudomonas aeruginosa", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "287", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "36752"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_071593233.1", "sequence": "MAIRIFAILFSIFSLATFAHAQEGTLERSDWRKFFSEFQAKGTIVVADERQADRAMLVFDPVRSKKRYSPASTFKIPHTLFALDAGAVRDEFQIFRWDGVNRGFAGHNQDQDLRSAMRNSTVWVYELFAKEIGDDKARRYLKKIDYGNADDPSTSNGDYWIEGSLAISAQEQIAFLRKLYRNELPFRVEHQRLVKDLMIVEAGRNWILRAKTGWEGRMGWWVGWVEWPTGSVFFALNIDTPNRMDDLFKREAIVRAILRSIEALPPNPAVNSDAAR"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "36026": {"category_aro_name": "OXA beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36026", "category_aro_accession": "3000017", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "OXA beta-lactamases were long recognized as a less common but also plasmid-mediated beta-lactamase variety that could hydrolyze oxacillin and related anti-staphylococcal penicillins. These beta-lactamases differ from the TEM and SHV enzymes in that they belong to molecular class D and functional group 2d. The OXA-type beta-lactamases confer resistance to ampicillin and cephalothin and are characterized by their high hydrolytic activity against oxacillin and cloxacillin and the fact that they are poorly inhibited by clavulanic acid. Amino acid substitutions in OXA enzymes can also give the ESBL phenotype. The OXA beta-lactamase family was originally created as a phenotypic rather than a genotypic group for a few beta-lactamases that had a specific hydrolysis profile. Therefore, there is as little as 20% sequence homology among some of the members of this family. However, recent additions to this family show some degree of homology to one or more of the existing members of the OXA beta-lactamase family. Some confer resistance predominantly to ceftazidime, but OXA-17 confers greater resistance to cefotaxime and cefepime than it does resistance to ceftazidime."}}, "ARO_name": "OXA-539", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43674", "model_name": "OXA-539", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "3959": {"model_id": "3959", "ARO_accession": "3005237", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "580", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "beta-lactamase gene from Klebsiella pneumoniae. Directly submitted to NCBI without publication on 08-JUN-2016", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6323": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGCGTTATATTCGCCTGTGTATTATCTCCCTGTTAGCCACCCTGCCGCTGGCGGTACACGCCAGCCCGCAGCCGCTTGAGCAAATTAAACTAAGCGAAAGCCAGCTGTCGGGCCGCGTAGGCATGATAGAAATGGATCTGACCAGCGGCCGCACGCTGACCGCCTGGCGCGCCGATGAACGCTTTCCCATGATGAGCACCTTTAAAGTAGTGCTCTGCGGCGCAGTGCTGGCGCGGGTGGATGCCGGTGACGAACAGCTGGAGCGAAAGATCCACTATCGCCAGCAGGATCTGGTGGACTACTCGCCGGTCAGCGAAAAACACCTTGCCGACGGCATGACGGTCGGCGAACTCTGTGCCGCCGCCATTACCATGAGCGATAACAGCGCCGCCAATCTGCTGCTGGCCACCGTCGGCGGCCCCGCAGGATTGACTGCCTTTTTGCGCCAGATCGGCGACAACGTCACCCGCCTTGACCGCTGGGAAACGGAACTGAATGAGGCGCTTCCCGGCGACGCCCGCGACACCACTACCCCGGCCAGCATGGCCGCGACCCTGCGCAAGCTGCTGACCAGCCAGCGTCTGAGCGCCCGTTCGCAACGGCAGCTGCTGCAGTGGATGGTGGACGATCGGGTCGCCGGACCGTTGATCCGCTCCGTGCTGCCGGCGGGCTGGTTTATCGCCGATAAGACCGGAGCTGGCGAACGGGGTGCGCGCGGGATTGTCGCCCTGCTTGGCCCGAATAACAAAGCAGAGCGGATTGTGGTGATTTATCTGCGGGATACGCCGGCGAGCATGGCCGAGCGAAATCAGCAAATCGCCGGGATCGGCGCGGCGCTGATCGAGCACTGGCAACGCTAA", "fmax": "861", "accession": "NG_050059.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Klebsiella pneumoniae", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "573", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "35915"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_063864669.1", "sequence": "MRYIRLCIISLLATLPLAVHASPQPLEQIKLSESQLSGRVGMIEMDLTSGRTLTAWRADERFPMMSTFKVVLCGAVLARVDAGDEQLERKIHYRQQDLVDYSPVSEKHLADGMTVGELCAAAITMSDNSAANLLLATVGGPAGLTAFLRQIGDNVTRLDRWETELNEALPGDARDTTTPASMAATLRKLLTSQRLSARSQRQLLQWMVDDRVAGPLIRSVLPAGWFIADKTGAGERGARGIVALLGPNNKAERIVVIYLRDTPASMAERNQQIAGIGAALIEHWQR"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "36024": {"category_aro_name": "SHV beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36024", "category_aro_accession": "3000015", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "SHV-1 shares 68 percent of its amino acids with TEM-1 and has a similar overall structure. The SHV-1 beta-lactamase is most commonly found in K. pneumoniae and is responsible for up to 20% of the plasmid-mediated ampicillin resistance in this species. ESBLs in this family also have amino acid changes around the active site, most commonly at positions 238 or 238 and 240. More than 60 SHV varieties are known."}}, "ARO_name": "SHV-1b-b", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43593", "model_name": "SHV-1b-b", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "3958": {"model_id": "3958", "ARO_accession": "3005236", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "580", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "beta-lactamase gene from Klebsiella penumoniae. Directly submitted to NCBI without publications on 07-NOV-2018", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6322": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGCGTTATATTCGCCTGTGTATTATCTCCCTGTTAGCCACCCTGCCGCTGGCGGTACACGCCAGCCCGCAGCCGCTTGAGCAAATTAAACTAAGCGAAAGCCAGCTGTCGGGCCGCGTAGGCATGATAGAAATGGATCTGGCCAGCGGCCGCACGCTGACCGCCTGGCGCGCCGATGAACGCTTTCCCATGATGAGCACCTTTAAAGTAGTGCTCTGCGGCGCAGTGCTGGCGCGGGTGGATGCCGGTGACGAACAGCTGGAGCGAAAGATCCACTATCGCCAGCAGCATCTGGTGGACTACTCGCCGGTCAGCGAAAAACACCTTGCCGACGGCATGACGGTCGGCGAACTCTGTGCCGCCGCCATTACCATGAGCGATAACAGCGCCGCCAATCTGCTGCTGGCCACCGTCGGCGGCCCCGCAGGATTGACTGCCTTTTTGCGCCAGATCGGCGACAACGTCACCCGCCTTGACCGCTGGGAAACGGAACTGAATGAGGCGCTTCCCGGCGACGCCCGCGACACCACTACCCCGGCCAGCATGGCCGCGACCCTGCGCAAGCTGCTGACCAGCCAGCGTCTGAGCGCCCGTTCGCAACGGCAGCTGCTGCAGTGGATGGTGGACGATCGGGTCGCCGGACCGTTGATCCGCTCCGTGCTGCCGGCGGGCTGGTTTATCGCCGATAAGACCGGAGCTGGCGAACGGGGTGCGCGCGGGATTGTCGCCCTGCTTGGCCCGAATAACAAAGCAGAGCGCATTGTGGTGATTTATCTGCGGGATACCCCGGCGAGCATGGCCGAGCGAAATCAGCAAATCGCCGGGATCGGCGCGGCGCTGATCGAGCACTGGCAACGCTAA", "fmax": "861", "accession": "NG_062279.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Klebsiella pneumoniae", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "573", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "35915"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_064733493.1", "sequence": "MRYIRLCIISLLATLPLAVHASPQPLEQIKLSESQLSGRVGMIEMDLASGRTLTAWRADERFPMMSTFKVVLCGAVLARVDAGDEQLERKIHYRQQHLVDYSPVSEKHLADGMTVGELCAAAITMSDNSAANLLLATVGGPAGLTAFLRQIGDNVTRLDRWETELNEALPGDARDTTTPASMAATLRKLLTSQRLSARSQRQLLQWMVDDRVAGPLIRSVLPAGWFIADKTGAGERGARGIVALLGPNNKAERIVVIYLRDTPASMAERNQQIAGIGAALIEHWQR"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "36024": {"category_aro_name": "SHV beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36024", "category_aro_accession": "3000015", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "SHV-1 shares 68 percent of its amino acids with TEM-1 and has a similar overall structure. The SHV-1 beta-lactamase is most commonly found in K. pneumoniae and is responsible for up to 20% of the plasmid-mediated ampicillin resistance in this species. ESBLs in this family also have amino acid changes around the active site, most commonly at positions 238 or 238 and 240. More than 60 SHV varieties are known."}}, "ARO_name": "SHV-207", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43592", "model_name": "SHV-207", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "3953": {"model_id": "3953", "ARO_accession": "3005231", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "580", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "Beta-lactamase gene from Klebsiella pneumoniae. Directly submitted to NCBI without publication on 07-NOV-2018", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6316": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGCGTTATATTCGCCTGTGTATTATCTCCCTGTTAGCCACCCTGCCGCTGGCGGTACACGCCAGCCCGCAGCCGCTTGAGCAAATTAAACTAAGCGAAAGCCAGCTGTCGGGCCGCGTAGGCATGATAGAAATGGATCTGGCCAGCGGCCGCACGCTGACCGCCTGGCGCGCCGATGAACGCTTTCCCATGATGAGCACCTTTAAAGTAGTGCTCTGCGGCGCAGTGCTGGCGCGGGTGGATGCCGGTGACGAACAGCTGGAGCGAAAGATCCACTATCGCCAGCAGGATCTGGTGGACTACTCGCCGGTCAGCGAAAAACATCTTGCCGACGGCATGACGGTCGGCGAACTCTGTGCCGCCGCCATTACCATGAGCGATAACAGCGCCGCCAATCTGCTGCTGGCCACCGTCGGCGGCCCCGCAGGATTGACTGCCTTTTTGCGCCAGATCGGCGACAACGTCACCCGCCTTGACCGCTGGGAAACGGAACTGAATGAGGCGCTTCCCGGCGACGCCCGCGACACCACTACCCCGGCCAGCATGGCCGCGACCCTGCGCAAGCTGCTGACCAGCCAGCGTCTGAGCGCCCGTTCGCAACGGCAGCTGCTGCAGTGGATGGTGGACGATCGGGTCGCCGGACCGTTGATCCGCTCCGTGCTGCCGGCGGGCTGGTTTATCGCCGATAAGACCGGAGCTGGCGAGCGGGGTGCGCGCGGGATTGTCGCCCTGCTTGGCCCGAATAACAAAGCAGAGCGGATTGTGGTGATTTATCTGCGGGATACGCCGGCGAGCATGGCCGAGCGAAATCAGCAAATCGCCAGGATCGGCGCGGCGCTGATCGAGCACTGGCAACGCTAA", "fmax": "861", "accession": "NG_062291.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Klebsiella pneumoniae", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "573", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "35915"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_122630874.1", "sequence": "MRYIRLCIISLLATLPLAVHASPQPLEQIKLSESQLSGRVGMIEMDLASGRTLTAWRADERFPMMSTFKVVLCGAVLARVDAGDEQLERKIHYRQQDLVDYSPVSEKHLADGMTVGELCAAAITMSDNSAANLLLATVGGPAGLTAFLRQIGDNVTRLDRWETELNEALPGDARDTTTPASMAATLRKLLTSQRLSARSQRQLLQWMVDDRVAGPLIRSVLPAGWFIADKTGAGERGARGIVALLGPNNKAERIVVIYLRDTPASMAERNQQIARIGAALIEHWQR"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "36024": {"category_aro_name": "SHV beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36024", "category_aro_accession": "3000015", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "SHV-1 shares 68 percent of its amino acids with TEM-1 and has a similar overall structure. The SHV-1 beta-lactamase is most commonly found in K. pneumoniae and is responsible for up to 20% of the plasmid-mediated ampicillin resistance in this species. ESBLs in this family also have amino acid changes around the active site, most commonly at positions 238 or 238 and 240. More than 60 SHV varieties are known."}}, "ARO_name": "SHV-219", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43587", "model_name": "SHV-219", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "3952": {"model_id": "3952", "ARO_accession": "3005230", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "580", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "beta-lactamase gene from Klebsiella pneumoniae. Directly submitted to NCBI without publication on 7-NOV-2018", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6315": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGCGTTATATTCGCCTGTGTATTATCTCCCTGTTAGCCACCCTGCCGCTGGCGGTACACGCCAGCCCGCAGCCGCTTGAGCAAATTAAACTAAGCGAAAGCCAGCTGTCGGGCCGCGTAGGCATGATAGAAATGGATCTGGCCAGCGGCCGCACGCTGACCGCCTGGCGCGCCGATGAACGCTTTCCCATGATGAGCACCTTTAAAGTAGTGCTCTGCGGCGCAGTGCTGGCGCGGGTGGATGCCGGTGACGAACAGCTGGAGCGAAAGATCCACTATCGCCAGCAGGATCTGGTGGACTACTCGCCGGTCAGCGAAAAACACCTTGCCGACGGCATGACGGTCGGCGAACTCTGCGCCGCCGCCATTACCATGAGCGATAACAGCGCCGCCAATCTGCTGCTGGCCACCGTCGGCGGCCCCGCAGGATTGACTGCCTTTTTGCGCCAGATCGGCGACAACGTCACCCGCCTTGACCGCTGGGAAACGGAACTGAATGAGGCGCTTCCCGGCGACGCCCGCGACACCACTACCCCGGCCAGCATGGCCGCGACCCTGCGCAAGCTGCTGACCAGCCAGCGTCTGAGCGCCCGTTCGCAACGGCAGCTGCTGCAGTGGATGGTGGACGATCGGGTCGCCGGACCGTTGATCCGCTCCGTGCTGCCGGCGGGCTGGTTTATCGCCGATAAGACCGGAGCTGGCGAGCGGGGTGCGCGCGGCATTGTCGCCCTGCTTGGCCCGAATAACAAAGCAGAGCGCATTGTGGTGATTTATCTGCGGGATACGCCGGCGAGCATGGCCGAGCGAAATCAGCAAATCGCCGGGATCGGCTGGGCGCTGATCGAGCACTGGCAACGCTAA", "fmax": "861", "accession": "NG_062283.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Klebsiella pneumoniae", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "573", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "35915"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_023341517.1", "sequence": "MRYIRLCIISLLATLPLAVHASPQPLEQIKLSESQLSGRVGMIEMDLASGRTLTAWRADERFPMMSTFKVVLCGAVLARVDAGDEQLERKIHYRQQDLVDYSPVSEKHLADGMTVGELCAAAITMSDNSAANLLLATVGGPAGLTAFLRQIGDNVTRLDRWETELNEALPGDARDTTTPASMAATLRKLLTSQRLSARSQRQLLQWMVDDRVAGPLIRSVLPAGWFIADKTGAGERGARGIVALLGPNNKAERIVVIYLRDTPASMAERNQQIAGIGWALIEHWQR"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "36024": {"category_aro_name": "SHV beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36024", "category_aro_accession": "3000015", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "SHV-1 shares 68 percent of its amino acids with TEM-1 and has a similar overall structure. The SHV-1 beta-lactamase is most commonly found in K. pneumoniae and is responsible for up to 20% of the plasmid-mediated ampicillin resistance in this species. ESBLs in this family also have amino acid changes around the active site, most commonly at positions 238 or 238 and 240. More than 60 SHV varieties are known."}}, "ARO_name": "SHV-211", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43586", "model_name": "SHV-211", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "3951": {"model_id": "3951", "ARO_accession": "3005229", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "580", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "beta-lactamase gene from Klebsiella pneumoniae. Directly submitted to NCBI without publication on 19-SEP-2016", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6314": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGCGTTATATTCGCCTGTGTATTATCTCCCTGTTAGCCACCCTGCCGCTGGCGGTACACGCCAGCCCGCAGCCGCTTGAGCAAATTAAACTAAGCGAAAGCCAGCTGTCGGGCCGCGTAGGCATGATAGAAATGGATCTGGCCAGCGGCCGCACGCTGACCGCCTGGCGCGCCGATGAACGCTTTCCCATGATGAGCACCTTTAAAGTAGTGCTCTGCGGCGCAGTGCTGGCGCGGGTGGATGCCGGTGACGAACAGCTGGAGCGAAAGATCCACTATCGCCAGCAGGATCTGGTGGACTACTCGCCGGTCAGCGAAAAACACCTTGCCGACGGCATGACGGTCGGCGAACTCTGTGCCGCCGCCATTACCATGAGCGATAACAGCGCCGCCAATCTGCTGCTGGCCACCGTCGGCGGCCCCGCAGGATTGACTGCCTTTTTGCGCCAGATCGGCGACAACGTCACCCGCCTTGACCGCTGGGAAACGGAACTGAATGAGGCGCTTCCCGGCGACGCCCGCGACACCACTACCCCGGCCAGCATGGCCGCGACCCTGCGCAAGCTGCTGACCAGCCAGCGTCTGAGCGCCCGTTCGCAACGGCAGCTGCTGCAGTGGATGGTGGACGATCGGGTCGCCGGACCGTTGATCCGCTCCGTGCTGCCGGCGGGCTGGTTTATCGCCGATAAGACCGGAGCTGGCGAACGGGGTGCGCGCGGGATTGTCGCCCTGCTTGGCCCGAATAACAAAGCAGAGCGCATCGTGGTGATTTATCTGCGGGATACGCCGGCGAGCATGGCCGAGCGAAATCAGCAAATCGCCGAGATCGGCGCGGCGCTGATCGAGCACTGGCAACGCTAA", "fmax": "861", "accession": "NG_051521.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Klebsiella pneumoniae", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "573", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "35915"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_069280714.1", "sequence": "MRYIRLCIISLLATLPLAVHASPQPLEQIKLSESQLSGRVGMIEMDLASGRTLTAWRADERFPMMSTFKVVLCGAVLARVDAGDEQLERKIHYRQQDLVDYSPVSEKHLADGMTVGELCAAAITMSDNSAANLLLATVGGPAGLTAFLRQIGDNVTRLDRWETELNEALPGDARDTTTPASMAATLRKLLTSQRLSARSQRQLLQWMVDDRVAGPLIRSVLPAGWFIADKTGAGERGARGIVALLGPNNKAERIVVIYLRDTPASMAERNQQIAEIGAALIEHWQR"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "36024": {"category_aro_name": "SHV beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36024", "category_aro_accession": "3000015", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "SHV-1 shares 68 percent of its amino acids with TEM-1 and has a similar overall structure. The SHV-1 beta-lactamase is most commonly found in K. pneumoniae and is responsible for up to 20% of the plasmid-mediated ampicillin resistance in this species. ESBLs in this family also have amino acid changes around the active site, most commonly at positions 238 or 238 and 240. More than 60 SHV varieties are known."}}, "ARO_name": "SHV-196", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43585", "model_name": "SHV-196", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "3950": {"model_id": "3950", "ARO_accession": "3005228", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "581", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "beta-lactamase gene in Klebsiella pneumoniae. Directly submitted to NCBI without publication on 07-NOV-2018", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6313": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGCGTTATATTCGCCTGTGTATTATCTCCCTGTTAGCCACCCTGCCGCTGGCGGTACACGCCAGCCCGCAGCCGCTTGAGCAAATTAAACTAAGCGAAAGCCAGCTGTCGGGCCGCGTAGGCATGATAGAAATGGATCTGGCCAGCGGCCGCACGCTGACCGCCTGGCGCGCCGATGAACGCTTTCCCATGATGAGCACCTTTAAAGTAGTGCTCTGCGGCGCAGTGCTGGCGCGGGTGGATGCCGGTGACGAACAGCTGGAGCGAAAGATCCACTATCGCCAGCAGGATCTGGTGGACTACTCGCCGGTCAGCGAAAAACACCTTGCCGACGGCATGACGGTCGGCGAACTCTGCGCCGCCGCCATTACCATGAGCGATAACAGCGCCGCCAATCTGCTGCTGGCCACCGTCGGCGGCCCCGCAGGATTGACTGCCTTTTTGCGCCAGATCGGCGACAACGTCACCCGCCTTGACCGCTGGGAAACGGAACTGAATGAGGCGCTTCCCGGCGACGCCCGCGACACCACTACCCCGGCCAGCATGGCCGCGACCCTGCGCAAGCTGCTGACCAGCCAGCGTCTGAGCGCCCGTTCGCAACGGCAGCTGCTGCAGTGGATGGTGGACGATCGGGTCGCCGGACCGTTGATCCGCTCCGTGCTGCCGGCGGGCTGGTTTATCGCCGATAAGACCGGAGCTGGCGAGCGGGGTGCGCGCGGCATTGTCGCCCTGCTTGGCCCGAATAACAAAGCAGAGCGCATTGTGGTGATTTATCTGCGGGATACGCCGGCGAGCATGGCCGAGCGAAATCAGCAAATCGCCGGGCTCGGCGCGGCGCTGATCGAGCACTGGCAACGCTAA", "fmax": "861", "accession": "NG_062298.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Klebsiella pneumoniae", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "573", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "35915"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_122630878.1", "sequence": "MRYIRLCIISLLATLPLAVHASPQPLEQIKLSESQLSGRVGMIEMDLASGRTLTAWRADERFPMMSTFKVVLCGAVLARVDAGDEQLERKIHYRQQDLVDYSPVSEKHLADGMTVGELCAAAITMSDNSAANLLLATVGGPAGLTAFLRQIGDNVTRLDRWETELNEALPGDARDTTTPASMAATLRKLLTSQRLSARSQRQLLQWMVDDRVAGPLIRSVLPAGWFIADKTGAGERGARGIVALLGPNNKAERIVVIYLRDTPASMAERNQQIAGLGAALIEHWQR"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "36024": {"category_aro_name": "SHV beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36024", "category_aro_accession": "3000015", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "SHV-1 shares 68 percent of its amino acids with TEM-1 and has a similar overall structure. The SHV-1 beta-lactamase is most commonly found in K. pneumoniae and is responsible for up to 20% of the plasmid-mediated ampicillin resistance in this species. ESBLs in this family also have amino acid changes around the active site, most commonly at positions 238 or 238 and 240. More than 60 SHV varieties are known."}}, "ARO_name": "SHV-226", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43584", "model_name": "SHV-226", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "3957": {"model_id": "3957", "ARO_accession": "3005235", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "580", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "beta-lactamase gene from Klebsiella pneumoniae. Directly submitted to NCBI without publication on 07-NOV-2018", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6321": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGCGTTATATTCGCCTGTGTATTATCTCCCTGTTAGCCACCCTGCCGCTGGCGGTACACGCCAGCCCGCAGCCGCTTGAGCAAATTAAACTAAGCGAAAGCCAGCTGTCGGGCCGCGTAGGCATGATAGAAATGGATCTGGCCAGCGGCCGCACGCTGACCGCCTGGCGCGCCGATGAACGCTTTCCCATGATGAGCACCTTTAAAGTAGTGCTCTGCGGCGCAGTGCTGGCGCGGGTGGATGCCGGTGACGAACAGCTGGAGCGAAAGATCCACTATCGCCAGCAGGATCTGGTGGACTACTCGCCGGTCAGCGAAAAACATCTTGCCGACGGCATGACGGTCGGCGAACTCTGTGTCGCCGCCATTACCATGAGCGATAACAGCGCCGCCAATCTGCTGCTGGCCACCGTCGGCGGCCCCGCAGGATTGACTGCCTTTTTGCGCCAGATCGGCGACAACGTCACCCGCCTTGACCGCTGGGAAACGGAACTGAATGAGGCGCTTCCCGGCGACGCCCGCGACACCACTACCCCGGCCAGCATGGCCGCGACCCTGCGCAAGCTGCTGACCAGCCAGCGTCTGAGCGCCCGTTCGCAACGGCAGCTGCTGCAGTGGATGGTGGACGATCGGGTCGCCGGACCGTTGATCCGCTCCGTGCTGCCGGCGGGCTGGTTTATCGCCGATAAGACCGGAGCTGGCGAACGGGGTGCGCGCGGGATTGTCGCCCTGCTTGGCCCGAATAACAAAGCAGAGCGCATCGTGGTGATTTATCTGCGGGATACGCCGGCGAGCATGGCCGAGCGAAATCAGCAAATCGCCGGGATCGGCGCGGCGCTGATCGAGCACTGGCAACGCTAA", "fmax": "861", "accession": "NG_062286.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Klebsiella pneumoniae", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "573", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "35915"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_122630869.1", "sequence": "MRYIRLCIISLLATLPLAVHASPQPLEQIKLSESQLSGRVGMIEMDLASGRTLTAWRADERFPMMSTFKVVLCGAVLARVDAGDEQLERKIHYRQQDLVDYSPVSEKHLADGMTVGELCVAAITMSDNSAANLLLATVGGPAGLTAFLRQIGDNVTRLDRWETELNEALPGDARDTTTPASMAATLRKLLTSQRLSARSQRQLLQWMVDDRVAGPLIRSVLPAGWFIADKTGAGERGARGIVALLGPNNKAERIVVIYLRDTPASMAERNQQIAGIGAALIEHWQR"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "36024": {"category_aro_name": "SHV beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36024", "category_aro_accession": "3000015", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "SHV-1 shares 68 percent of its amino acids with TEM-1 and has a similar overall structure. The SHV-1 beta-lactamase is most commonly found in K. pneumoniae and is responsible for up to 20% of the plasmid-mediated ampicillin resistance in this species. ESBLs in this family also have amino acid changes around the active site, most commonly at positions 238 or 238 and 240. More than 60 SHV varieties are known."}}, "ARO_name": "SHV-214", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43591", "model_name": "SHV-214", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "3956": {"model_id": "3956", "ARO_accession": "3005234", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "580", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "beta-lactamase gene from Klebsiella penumoniae. Directly submitted to NCBI without publication on 07-NOV-2018", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6319": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGCGTTATATTCGCCTGTGTATTATCTCCCTGTTAGCCACCCTGCCGCTGGCGGTACACGCCAGCCCGCAGCCGCTTGAGCAAATTAAACTAAGCGAAAGCCAGCTGTCGGGCCGCGTAGGCATGATAGAAATGGATCTGGCCAGCGGCCGCACGCTGACCGCCTGGCGCGCCGATGAACGCTTTCCCATGATGAGCACCTTTAAAGTAGTGCTCTGCGGCGCAGTGCTGGCGCGGGTGGATGCCGGTGACGAACAGCTGGAGCGAAAGATCCACTATCGCCAGCAGGATCTGGTGGACTACTCGCCGGTCAGCGAAAAACACCTTGCAGACGGCATGACGGTCGGCGAACTCTGCGCCGCCGCCATTACCATGAGCGATAACAGCGCCGCCAATCTGCTGCTGGCCACCGTCGGCGGCCCCGCAGGATTGACTGCCTTTTTGCGCCAGATCAGCGACAACGTCACCCGCCTTGACCGCTGGGAAACGGAACTGAATGAGGCACTTCCCGGCGACGCCCGCGACACCACTACCCCGGCCAGCATGGCCGCGACCCTGCGCAAGTTGCTGACCAGCCAGCGTCTGAGCGCCCGTTCGCAACGGCAGCTGCTGCAGTGGATGGTGGACGATCGGGTCGCCGGACCGTTGATCCGCTCCGTGCTGCCGGCGGGCTGGTTTATCGCCGATAAGACCGGAGCTGGCGAGCGGGGTGCGCGCGGCATTGTCGCCCTGCTTGGCCCGAATAACAAAGCAGAGCGCATTGTGGTGATTTATCTGCGGGATACGCCGGCGAGCATGGCCGAGCGAAATCAGCAAATCGCCGGGATCGGCGCGGCGCTGATCGAGCACTGGCAACGCTAA", "fmax": "861", "accession": "NG_062295.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Klebsiella pneumoniae", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "573", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "35915"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_117241614.1", "sequence": "MRYIRLCIISLLATLPLAVHASPQPLEQIKLSESQLSGRVGMIEMDLASGRTLTAWRADERFPMMSTFKVVLCGAVLARVDAGDEQLERKIHYRQQDLVDYSPVSEKHLADGMTVGELCAAAITMSDNSAANLLLATVGGPAGLTAFLRQISDNVTRLDRWETELNEALPGDARDTTTPASMAATLRKLLTSQRLSARSQRQLLQWMVDDRVAGPLIRSVLPAGWFIADKTGAGERGARGIVALLGPNNKAERIVVIYLRDTPASMAERNQQIAGIGAALIEHWQR"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "36024": {"category_aro_name": "SHV beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36024", "category_aro_accession": "3000015", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "SHV-1 shares 68 percent of its amino acids with TEM-1 and has a similar overall structure. The SHV-1 beta-lactamase is most commonly found in K. pneumoniae and is responsible for up to 20% of the plasmid-mediated ampicillin resistance in this species. ESBLs in this family also have amino acid changes around the active site, most commonly at positions 238 or 238 and 240. More than 60 SHV varieties are known."}}, "ARO_name": "SHV-223", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43590", "model_name": "SHV-223", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "3955": {"model_id": "3955", "ARO_accession": "3005233", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "580", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "Beta-lactamase gene from Klebsiella pneumoniae. Directly submitted to NCBI without publication on 07-NOV-2018", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6318": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGCGTTATATTCGCCTGTGTATTATCTCCCTGTTAGCCACCCTGCCGCTGGCGGTACACGCCAGCCCGCAGCCGCTTGAGCAAATTAAACTAAGCGAAAGCCAGCTGTCGGGCCGCGTAGGCATGATAGAAATGGATCTGGCCAGCGGCCGCACGCTGACCGCCTGGCGCGCCGATGAACGCTTTCCCATGATGAGCACCTTTAAAGTAGTGCTCTGCGGCGCAGTGCTGGCGCGGGTGGATGCCGGTGACGAACAGCTGGAGCGAAAGATCCACTATCGCCAGCAGGATCTGGTGGACTACTCGCCGGTCAGCGAAAAACATCTTGCCGACGGCATGACGGTCGGCGAACTCTGCGCCGCCGCCATTACCATGAGCGATAACAGCGCCGCCAATCTGCTGCTGGCCACCGTCGGCGGCCCCGCAGGATTGACTGCCTTTTTGCGCCAGATCGGCGACAACGTCACCCGCCTTGACCGCTGGGAAACGGAACTGAATGAGGCGCTTCCCGGCGACGCCCGCGACACCACTACCCCGGCCAGCATGGCCGTGACCCTGCGCAAGCTGCTGACCAGCCAGCGTCTGAGCGCCCGTTCGCAACGGCAGCTGCTGCAGTGGATGGTGGACGATCGGGTCGCCGGACCGTTGATCCGCTCCGTGCTGCCGGCGGGCTGGTTTATCGCCGATAAGACCGGAGCTGGCGAGCGGGGTGCGCGCGGGATTGTCGCCCTGCTTGGCCCGAATAACAAAGCAGAGCGCATTGTGGTGATTTATCTGCGGGATACGCCGGCGAGCATGGCCGAGCGAAATCAGCAAATCGCCGGGATCGGCGCGGCGCTGATCGAGCACTGGCAACGCTAA", "fmax": "861", "accession": "NG_062299.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Klebsiella pneumoniae", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "573", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "35915"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_122630879.1", "sequence": "MRYIRLCIISLLATLPLAVHASPQPLEQIKLSESQLSGRVGMIEMDLASGRTLTAWRADERFPMMSTFKVVLCGAVLARVDAGDEQLERKIHYRQQDLVDYSPVSEKHLADGMTVGELCAAAITMSDNSAANLLLATVGGPAGLTAFLRQIGDNVTRLDRWETELNEALPGDARDTTTPASMAVTLRKLLTSQRLSARSQRQLLQWMVDDRVAGPLIRSVLPAGWFIADKTGAGERGARGIVALLGPNNKAERIVVIYLRDTPASMAERNQQIAGIGAALIEHWQR"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "36024": {"category_aro_name": "SHV beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36024", "category_aro_accession": "3000015", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "SHV-1 shares 68 percent of its amino acids with TEM-1 and has a similar overall structure. The SHV-1 beta-lactamase is most commonly found in K. pneumoniae and is responsible for up to 20% of the plasmid-mediated ampicillin resistance in this species. ESBLs in this family also have amino acid changes around the active site, most commonly at positions 238 or 238 and 240. More than 60 SHV varieties are known."}}, "ARO_name": "SHV-227", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43589", "model_name": "SHV-227", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "3954": {"model_id": "3954", "ARO_accession": "3005232", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "580", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "beta-lactamase gene from Escherichia coli. Directly submitted to NCBI without publication on 10-AUG-2017", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6317": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGCGTTATATTCGCCTGTGTATTATCTCCCTGTTAGCCACCCTGCCGCTGGCGGTACACGCCAGCCCGCAGCCGCTTGAGCAAATTAAACTAAGCGAAAGCCAGCTGTCGGGCCGCGTAGGCATGATAGAAATGGATCTGGCCAGCGGCCGCACGCTGACCGCCTGGCGCGCCGATGAACGCTTTCCCATGATGAGCACCTTTAAAGTAGTGCTCTGCGGCGCAGTGCTGGCGCGGGTGGATGCCGGTGACGAACAGCTGGAGCGAAAGATCCACTATCGCCAGCAGGATCTGGTGGACTACTCGCCGGTCAGCGAAAAACACCTTGCCGACGGCATGACGGTCGGCGAACTCTGCGCCGCCGCCATTACCATGAGCGATAACAGCGCCGCCAATCTGCTGCTGGCCACCGTCGGCGGCCCCGCAGGATTGACTGCCTTTTTGCGCCAGATCGGCGACAACGTCACCCGCCTTGACCGCTGGGAAACGGAACTGAATGAGGCGCTTCCCGGCGACGCCCGCGACACCACTACCCCGGCCAGCATGGCCGCGACCCTGCGCAAGCTGCTGACCAGCCAGCGTCTGAGCGCCCGTTCGCAACGGCAGCTGCTGCAGTGGATGGTGGACGATCGGGTCGCCGGATCGTTGATCCGCTCCGTGCTGCCGGCGGGCTGGTTTATCGCCGATAAGACCGGAGCTGGCGAGCGGGGTGCGCGCGGCATTGTCGCCCTGCTTGGCCCGAATAACAAAGCAGAGCGCATTGTGGTGATTTATCTGCGGGATACGCCGGCGAGCATGGCCGAGCGAAATCAGCAAATCGCCGGGATCGGCGCGGCGCTGATCGAGCACTGGCAACGCTAA", "fmax": "861", "accession": "NG_055503.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Escherichia coli", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "562", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "35914"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_094009815.1", "sequence": "MRYIRLCIISLLATLPLAVHASPQPLEQIKLSESQLSGRVGMIEMDLASGRTLTAWRADERFPMMSTFKVVLCGAVLARVDAGDEQLERKIHYRQQDLVDYSPVSEKHLADGMTVGELCAAAITMSDNSAANLLLATVGGPAGLTAFLRQIGDNVTRLDRWETELNEALPGDARDTTTPASMAATLRKLLTSQRLSARSQRQLLQWMVDDRVAGSLIRSVLPAGWFIADKTGAGERGARGIVALLGPNNKAERIVVIYLRDTPASMAERNQQIAGIGAALIEHWQR"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "36024": {"category_aro_name": "SHV beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36024", "category_aro_accession": "3000015", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "SHV-1 shares 68 percent of its amino acids with TEM-1 and has a similar overall structure. The SHV-1 beta-lactamase is most commonly found in K. pneumoniae and is responsible for up to 20% of the plasmid-mediated ampicillin resistance in this species. ESBLs in this family also have amino acid changes around the active site, most commonly at positions 238 or 238 and 240. More than 60 SHV varieties are known."}}, "ARO_name": "SHV-199", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43588", "model_name": "SHV-199", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4116": {"model_id": "4116", "ARO_accession": "3005383", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "550", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "Carbapenem-hydrolyzing class A beta-lactamase kpc-55 [Klebsiella pneumoniae] Accession: WP_168247883.1", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6490": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGTCACTGTATCGCCGTCTAGTTCTGCTGTCTTGTCTCTCATGGCCGCTGGCTGGCTTTTCTGCCACCGCGCTGACCAACCTCGTCGCGGAACCATTCGCTAAACTCGAACAGGACTTTGGCGGCTCCATCGGTGTGTACGCGATGGATACCGGCTCAGGCGCAACTGTAAGTTACCGCGCTGAGGAGCGCTTCCCACTGTGCAGCTCATTCAAGGGCTTTCTTGCTGCCGCTGTGCTGGCTCGCAGCCAGCAGCAGGCCGGCTTGCTGGACACACCCATCCGTTACGGCAAAAATGCGCTGGTTCCGTGGTCACCCATCTCGGAAAAATATCTGACAACAGGCATGACGGTGGCGGAGCTGTCCGCGGCCGCCGTGCAATACAGTGATAACGCCGCCGCCAATTTGTTGCTGAAGGAGTTGGGCGGCCCGGCCGGGCTGACGGCCTTCATGCGCTCTATCGGCGATACCACGTTCCGTCTGGACCGCTGGGAGCTGGAGCTGAACTCCGCCATCCCAGGCGATGCGCGCGATACCTCATCGCCGCGCGCCGTGACGGAAAGCTTACAAAAACTGACACTGGGCTCTGCACTGGCTGCGCCGCAGCGGCAGCAGTTTGTTGATTGGCTAAAGGGAAACACGACCGGCAACCACCGCATCCGCGCGGCGGTGCCGGCAGACTGGGCAGTCGGAGACAAAACCGGAACCTGCGGAGTGTATGGCACGGCAAATGACTATGCCGTCGTCTGGCCCACTGGGCGCGCACCTATTGTGTTGGCCGTCAACACCCGGGCGCCTAACAAGGATGACAAGCACAGCGAGGCCGTCATCGCCGCTGCGGCTAGACTCGCGCTCGAGGGATTGGGCGTCAACGGGCAGTAA", "fmax": "15794", "accession": "MT028409.1", "fmin": "14912", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Klebsiella pneumoniae", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "573", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "35915"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "QIS31290.1", "sequence": "MSLYRRLVLLSCLSWPLAGFSATALTNLVAEPFAKLEQDFGGSIGVYAMDTGSGATVSYRAEERFPLCSSFKGFLAAAVLARSQQQAGLLDTPIRYGKNALVPWSPISEKYLTTGMTVAELSAAAVQYSDNAAANLLLKELGGPAGLTAFMRSIGDTTFRLDRWELELNSAIPGDARDTSSPRAVTESLQKLTLGSALAAPQRQQFVDWLKGNTTGNHRIRAAVPADWAVGDKTGTCGVYGTANDYAVVWPTGRAPIVLAVNTRAPNKDDKHSEAVIAAAARLALEGLGVNGQ"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "35923": {"category_aro_name": "monobactam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35923", "category_aro_accession": "0000004", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Monobactams are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Unlike penams and cephems, monobactams do not have any ring fused to its four-member lactam structure. Monobactam antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36198": {"category_aro_name": "KPC beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36198", "category_aro_accession": "3000059", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenem resistant (KPC) beta-lactamases are notorious for their ability to efficiently hydrolyze carbapenems, unlike other Ambler Class A beta-lactamases.  There are currently 9 variants reported worldwide.  These enzymes were first isolated from Klebsiella pneumoniae strains in 2001 in the United States.  Hospital outbreaks have since been reported in Greece and Israel and KPC carrying strains are now endemic to New York facilities.  KPC-1 and KPC-2 have been shown to be identical and are now referred to as KPC-2."}}, "ARO_name": "KPC-55", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43743", "model_name": "KPC-55", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4117": {"model_id": "4117", "ARO_accession": "3005384", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "550", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "Carbapenem-hydrolyzing class A beta-lactamase kpc-56 [Klebsiella pneumoniae] Accession: WP_087744800.1", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6491": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGTCACTGTATCGCCGTCTAGTTCTGCTGTCTTGTCTCTCATGGCCGCTGGCTGGCTTTTCTGCCACCGCGCTGACCAACCTCGTCGCGGAACCATTCGCTAAACTCGAACAGGACTTTGGCGGCTCCATCGGTGTGTACGCGATGGATACCGGCTCAGGCGCAACTGTAAGTTACCGCGCTGAGGAGCGCTTCCCACTGTGCAGCTCATTCAAGGGCTTTCTTGCTGCCGCTGTGCTGGCTCGCAGCCAGCAGCAGGCCGGCTTGCTGGACACACCCATCCGTTACGGCAAAAATGCGCTGGTTCCGTGGTCACCCATCTCGGAAAAATATCTGACAACAGGCATGACGGTGGCGGAGCTGTCCGCGGCCGCCGTGCAATACAGTGATAACGCCGCCGCCAATTTGTTGCTGAAGGAGTTGGGCGGCCCGGCCGGGCTGACGGCCTTCATGCGCTCTATCGGCGATACCACGTTCCGTCTGGACCGCTGGGAGCTGGAGCTGAACTCCGCCATCCCAGGCGATGCGCGCGATACCTCATCGCCGCGCGCCGTGACGGAAAGCTTACAAAAACTGACACTGGGCTCTGCACTGGCTGCGCCGCAGCGGCAGCAGTTTGTTGATTGGCTAAAGGGAAACACGACCGGCAACCACCGCATCCGCGCGGCGGTGCCGGCAGACTGGGCAGTCGGAGACAAAACCGGAACCTGCGGAGTGTATGGCACGGCAAATGACTATGCCGTCGTCTGGCCCACTGGGCGCGCACCTATTGTGTTGGCCGTCTACACCCGGGCGCCTAACAAGGATGACAAGTACAGCGAGGCCGTCATCGCCGCTGCGGCTAGACTCGCGCTCGAGGGATTGGGCGTCAACTGGCAGTAA", "fmax": "882", "accession": "MT040751.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Klebsiella pneumoniae", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "573", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "35915"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "QIC04092.1", "sequence": "MSLYRRLVLLSCLSWPLAGFSATALTNLVAEPFAKLEQDFGGSIGVYAMDTGSGATVSYRAEERFPLCSSFKGFLAAAVLARSQQQAGLLDTPIRYGKNALVPWSPISEKYLTTGMTVAELSAAAVQYSDNAAANLLLKELGGPAGLTAFMRSIGDTTFRLDRWELELNSAIPGDARDTSSPRAVTESLQKLTLGSALAAPQRQQFVDWLKGNTTGNHRIRAAVPADWAVGDKTGTCGVYGTANDYAVVWPTGRAPIVLAVYTRAPNKDDKYSEAVIAAAARLALEGLGVNWQ"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "35923": {"category_aro_name": "monobactam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35923", "category_aro_accession": "0000004", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Monobactams are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Unlike penams and cephems, monobactams do not have any ring fused to its four-member lactam structure. Monobactam antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36198": {"category_aro_name": "KPC beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36198", "category_aro_accession": "3000059", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenem resistant (KPC) beta-lactamases are notorious for their ability to efficiently hydrolyze carbapenems, unlike other Ambler Class A beta-lactamases.  There are currently 9 variants reported worldwide.  These enzymes were first isolated from Klebsiella pneumoniae strains in 2001 in the United States.  Hospital outbreaks have since been reported in Greece and Israel and KPC carrying strains are now endemic to New York facilities.  KPC-1 and KPC-2 have been shown to be identical and are now referred to as KPC-2."}}, "ARO_name": "KPC-56", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43744", "model_name": "KPC-56", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4114": {"model_id": "4114", "ARO_accession": "3005381", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "550", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "Inhibitor-resistant class A extended-spectrum beta-lactamase kpc-52 [Klebsiella pneumoniae] Accession: WP_158208806.1", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6488": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGTCACTGTATCGCCGTCTAGTTCTGCTGTCTTGTCTCTCATGGCCGCTGGCTGGCTTTTCTGCCACCGCGCTGACCAACCTCGTCGCGGAACCATTCGCTAAACTCGAACAGGACTTTGGCGGCTCCATCGGTGTGTACGCGATGGATACCGGCTCAGGCGCAACTGTAAGTTACCGCGCTGAGGAGCGCTTCCCACTGTGCAGCTCATTCAAGGGCTTTCTTGCTGCCGCTGTGCTGGCTCGCAGCCAGCAGCAGGCCGGCTTGCTGGACACACCCATCCGTTACGGCAAAAATGCGCTGGTTCCGTGGTCACCCATCTCGGAAAAATATCTGACAACAGGCATGACGGTGGCGGAGCTGTCCGCGGCCGCCGTGCAATACAGTGATAACGCCGCCGCCAATTTGTTGCTGAAGGAGTTGGGCGGCCCGGCCGGGCTGACGGCCTTCATGCGCTCTATCGGCGATACCACGTTCCGTCTGGACCGCTGGGAGCTGGAGCTGAACTCCGCCATCCCAGGCGATGCGCGCTATACCTCATCGCCGCGCGCCGTGACGGAAAGCTTACAAAAACTGACACTGGGCTCTGCACTGGCTGCGCCGCAGCGGCAGCAGTTTGTTGATTGGCTAAAGGGAAACACGACCGGCAACCACCGCATCCGCGCGGCGGTGCCGGCAGACTGGGCAGTCGGAGACAAAACCGGAACCTGCGGAGTGTATGGCACGGCAAATGACTATGCCGTCGTCTGGCCCACTGGGCGCGCACCTATTGTGTTGGCCGTCGTCTACACCCGGGCGCCTAACAAGGATGACAAGCACAGCGAGGCCGTCATCGCCGCTGCGGCTAGACTCGCGCTCGAGGGATTGGGCGTCAACGGGCAGTAA", "fmax": "885", "accession": "MN725732.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Klebsiella pneumoniae", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "573", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "35915"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "QGT31449.1", "sequence": "MSLYRRLVLLSCLSWPLAGFSATALTNLVAEPFAKLEQDFGGSIGVYAMDTGSGATVSYRAEERFPLCSSFKGFLAAAVLARSQQQAGLLDTPIRYGKNALVPWSPISEKYLTTGMTVAELSAAAVQYSDNAAANLLLKELGGPAGLTAFMRSIGDTTFRLDRWELELNSAIPGDARYTSSPRAVTESLQKLTLGSALAAPQRQQFVDWLKGNTTGNHRIRAAVPADWAVGDKTGTCGVYGTANDYAVVWPTGRAPIVLAVVYTRAPNKDDKHSEAVIAAAARLALEGLGVNGQ"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "35923": {"category_aro_name": "monobactam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35923", "category_aro_accession": "0000004", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Monobactams are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Unlike penams and cephems, monobactams do not have any ring fused to its four-member lactam structure. Monobactam antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36198": {"category_aro_name": "KPC beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36198", "category_aro_accession": "3000059", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenem resistant (KPC) beta-lactamases are notorious for their ability to efficiently hydrolyze carbapenems, unlike other Ambler Class A beta-lactamases.  There are currently 9 variants reported worldwide.  These enzymes were first isolated from Klebsiella pneumoniae strains in 2001 in the United States.  Hospital outbreaks have since been reported in Greece and Israel and KPC carrying strains are now endemic to New York facilities.  KPC-1 and KPC-2 have been shown to be identical and are now referred to as KPC-2."}}, "ARO_name": "KPC-52", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43741", "model_name": "KPC-52", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4115": {"model_id": "4115", "ARO_accession": "3005382", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "550", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "Carbapenem-hydrolyzing class A beta-lactamase kpc-54 [Klebsiella pneumoniae] Accession: WP_160164839.1", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6489": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGTCACTGTATCGCCGTCTAGTTCTGCTGTCTTGTCTCTCATGGCCGCTGGCTGGCTTTTCTGCCACCGCGCTGACCAACCTCGTCGCGGAACCATTCGCTAAACTCGAACAGGACTTTGGCGGCTCCATCGGTGTGTACGCGATGGATACCGGCTCAGGCGCAACTGTAAGTTACCGCTCTGAGGAGCGCTTCCCACTGTGCAGCTCATTCAAGGGCTTTCTTGCTGCCGCTGTGCTGGCTCGCAGCCAGCAGCAGGCCGGCTTGCTGGACACACCCATCCGTTACGGCAAAAATGCGCTGGTTCCGTGGTCACCCATCTCGGAAAAATATCTGACAACAGGCATGACGGTGGCGGAGCTGTCCGCGGCCGCCGTGCAATACAGTGATAACGCCGCCGCCAATTTGTTGCTGAAGGAGTTGGGCGGCCCGGCCGGGCTGACGGCCTTCATGCGCTCTATCGGCGATACCACGTTCCGTCTGGACCGCTGGGAGCTGGAGCTGAACTCCGCCATCCCAGGCGATGCGCGCGATACCTCATCGCCGCGCGCCGTGACGGAAAGCTTACAAAAACTGACACTGGGCTCTGCACTGGCTGCGCCGCAGCGGCAGCAGTTTGTTGATTGGCTAAAGGGAAACACGACCGGCAACCACCGCATCCGCGCGGCGGTGCCGGCAGACTGGGCAGTCGGAGACAAAACCGGAACCTGCGGAGTGTATGGCACGGCAAATGACTATGCCGTCGTCTGGCCCACTGGGCGCGCACCTATTGTGTTGGCCGTCTACACCCGGGCGCCTAACAAGGATGACAAGCACAGCGAGGCCGTCATCGCCGCTGCGGCTAGACTCGCGCTCGAGGGATTGGGCGTCAACGGGCAGTAA", "fmax": "882", "accession": "MN854706.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Klebsiella pneumoniae", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "573", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "35915"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "QHA33651.1", "sequence": "MSLYRRLVLLSCLSWPLAGFSATALTNLVAEPFAKLEQDFGGSIGVYAMDTGSGATVSYRSEERFPLCSSFKGFLAAAVLARSQQQAGLLDTPIRYGKNALVPWSPISEKYLTTGMTVAELSAAAVQYSDNAAANLLLKELGGPAGLTAFMRSIGDTTFRLDRWELELNSAIPGDARDTSSPRAVTESLQKLTLGSALAAPQRQQFVDWLKGNTTGNHRIRAAVPADWAVGDKTGTCGVYGTANDYAVVWPTGRAPIVLAVYTRAPNKDDKHSEAVIAAAARLALEGLGVNGQ"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "35923": {"category_aro_name": "monobactam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35923", "category_aro_accession": "0000004", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Monobactams are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Unlike penams and cephems, monobactams do not have any ring fused to its four-member lactam structure. Monobactam antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36198": {"category_aro_name": "KPC beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36198", "category_aro_accession": "3000059", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenem resistant (KPC) beta-lactamases are notorious for their ability to efficiently hydrolyze carbapenems, unlike other Ambler Class A beta-lactamases.  There are currently 9 variants reported worldwide.  These enzymes were first isolated from Klebsiella pneumoniae strains in 2001 in the United States.  Hospital outbreaks have since been reported in Greece and Israel and KPC carrying strains are now endemic to New York facilities.  KPC-1 and KPC-2 have been shown to be identical and are now referred to as KPC-2."}}, "ARO_name": "KPC-54", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43742", "model_name": "KPC-54", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4112": {"model_id": "4112", "ARO_accession": "3005379", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "550", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "Inhibitor-resistant class A beta-lactamase kpc-50 [Klebsiella pneumoniae] Accession: WP_171476788.1", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6486": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGTCACTGTATCGCCGTCTAGTTCTGCTGTCTTGTCTCTCATGGCCGCTGGCTGGCTTTTCTGCCACCGCGCTGACCAACCTCGTCGCGGAACCATTCGCTAAACTCGAACAGGACTTTGGCGGCTCCATCGGTGTGTACGCGATGGATACCGGCTCAGGCGCAACTGTAAGTTACCGCGCTGAGGAGCGCTTCCCACTGTGCAGCTCATTCAAGGGCTTTCTTGCTGCCGCTGTGCTGGCTCGCAGCCAGCAGCAGGCCGGCTTGCTGGACACACCCATCCGTTACGGCAAAAATGCGCTGGTTCCGTGGTCACCCATCTCGGAAAAATATCTGACAACAGGCATGACGGTGGCGGAGCTGTCCGCGGCCGCCGTGCAATACAGTGATAACGCCGCCGCCAATTTGTTGCTGAAGGAGTTGGGCGGCCCGGCCGGGCTGACGGCCTTCATGCGCTCTATCGGCGATACCACGTTCCGTCTGGACCGCTGGGAGCTGGAGCTGAACTCCGCCATCCCAGGCGATGCGCGCGATACCTCATCGCCGCGCGCCGTGACGGAAAGCTTACAAAAACTGACACTGGGCTCTGCACTGGCTGCGCCGCAGCGGCAGCAGTTTGTTGATTGGCTAAAGGGAAACACGACCGGCAACCACCGCATCCGCGCGGCGGTGCCGGCAGACTGGGCAGTCGGAGACAAAACCGGAACCTGCGGAGTGTATGGCACGGCAAATGACTATGCCGTCGTCTGGCCCACTGGGCGCGCACCTATTGTGTTGGCCGTCTACACCCGGGCGCCTAACAAGGATGACAAGTACAGCGAGGCCGTCGAGGCCGTCATCGCCGCTGCGGCTAGACTCGCGCTCGAGGGATTGGGCGTCAACGGGCAGTAA", "fmax": "891", "accession": "MN654342.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Klebsiella pneumoniae", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "573", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "35915"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "QGJ02578.1", "sequence": "MSLYRRLVLLSCLSWPLAGFSATALTNLVAEPFAKLEQDFGGSIGVYAMDTGSGATVSYRAEERFPLCSSFKGFLAAAVLARSQQQAGLLDTPIRYGKNALVPWSPISEKYLTTGMTVAELSAAAVQYSDNAAANLLLKELGGPAGLTAFMRSIGDTTFRLDRWELELNSAIPGDARDTSSPRAVTESLQKLTLGSALAAPQRQQFVDWLKGNTTGNHRIRAAVPADWAVGDKTGTCGVYGTANDYAVVWPTGRAPIVLAVYTRAPNKDDKYSEAVEAVIAAAARLALEGLGVNGQ"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "35923": {"category_aro_name": "monobactam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35923", "category_aro_accession": "0000004", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Monobactams are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Unlike penams and cephems, monobactams do not have any ring fused to its four-member lactam structure. Monobactam antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36198": {"category_aro_name": "KPC beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36198", "category_aro_accession": "3000059", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenem resistant (KPC) beta-lactamases are notorious for their ability to efficiently hydrolyze carbapenems, unlike other Ambler Class A beta-lactamases.  There are currently 9 variants reported worldwide.  These enzymes were first isolated from Klebsiella pneumoniae strains in 2001 in the United States.  Hospital outbreaks have since been reported in Greece and Israel and KPC carrying strains are now endemic to New York facilities.  KPC-1 and KPC-2 have been shown to be identical and are now referred to as KPC-2."}}, "ARO_name": "KPC-50", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43739", "model_name": "KPC-50", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4113": {"model_id": "4113", "ARO_accession": "3005380", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "550", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "Inhibitor-resistant class A extended-spectrum beta-lactamase kpc-51 [Klebsiella pneumoniae] Accession: WP_158208923.1", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6487": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGTCACTGTATCGCCGTCTAGTTCTGCTGTCTTGTCTCTCATGGCCGCTGGCTGGCTTTTCTGCCACCGCGCTGACCAACCTCGTCGCGGAACCATTCGCTAAACTCGAACAGGACTTTGGCGGCTCCATCGGTGTGTACGCGATGGATACCGGCTCAGGCGCAACTGTAAGTTACCGCGCTGAGGAGCGCTTCCCACTGTGCAGCTCATTCAAGGGCTTTCTTGCTGCCGCTGTGCTGGCTCGCAGCCAGCAGCAGGCCGGCTTGCTGGACACACCCATCCGTTACGGCAAAAATGCGCTGGTTCCGTGGTCACCCATCTCGGAAAAATATCTGACAACAGGCATGACGGTGGCGGAGCTGTCCGCGGCCGCCGTGCAATACAGTGATAACGCCGCCGCCAATTTGTTGCTGAAGGAGTTGGGCGGCCCGGCCGGGCTGACGGCCTTCATGCGCTCTATCGGCGATACCACGTTCCGTCTGGACCGCTGGGAGCTGGAGCTGAACTCCGCCATCCCAGGCGATGCGCGCAATACCTCATCGCCGCGCGCCGTGACGGAAAGCTTACAAAAACTGACACTGGGCTCTGCACTGGCTGCGCCGCAGCGGCAGCAGTTTGTTGATTGGCTAAAGGGAAACACGACCGGCAACCACCGCATCCGCGCGGCGGTGCCGGCAGACTGGGCAGTCGGAGACAAAACCGGAACCTGCGGAGTGCATGGCACGGCAAATGACTATGCCGTCGTCTGGCCCACTGGGCGCGCACCTATTGTGTTGGCCGTCTACACCCGGGCGCCTAACAAGGATGACAAGAACAGCGAGGCCGTCATCGCCGCTGCGGCTAGACTCGCGCTCGAGGGATTGGGCGTCAACGGGCAGTAA", "fmax": "882", "accession": "MN725731.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Klebsiella pneumoniae", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "573", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "35915"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "QGT31448.1", "sequence": "MSLYRRLVLLSCLSWPLAGFSATALTNLVAEPFAKLEQDFGGSIGVYAMDTGSGATVSYRAEERFPLCSSFKGFLAAAVLARSQQQAGLLDTPIRYGKNALVPWSPISEKYLTTGMTVAELSAAAVQYSDNAAANLLLKELGGPAGLTAFMRSIGDTTFRLDRWELELNSAIPGDARNTSSPRAVTESLQKLTLGSALAAPQRQQFVDWLKGNTTGNHRIRAAVPADWAVGDKTGTCGVHGTANDYAVVWPTGRAPIVLAVYTRAPNKDDKNSEAVIAAAARLALEGLGVNGQ"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "35923": {"category_aro_name": "monobactam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35923", "category_aro_accession": "0000004", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Monobactams are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Unlike penams and cephems, monobactams do not have any ring fused to its four-member lactam structure. Monobactam antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36198": {"category_aro_name": "KPC beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36198", "category_aro_accession": "3000059", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenem resistant (KPC) beta-lactamases are notorious for their ability to efficiently hydrolyze carbapenems, unlike other Ambler Class A beta-lactamases.  There are currently 9 variants reported worldwide.  These enzymes were first isolated from Klebsiella pneumoniae strains in 2001 in the United States.  Hospital outbreaks have since been reported in Greece and Israel and KPC carrying strains are now endemic to New York facilities.  KPC-1 and KPC-2 have been shown to be identical and are now referred to as KPC-2."}}, "ARO_name": "KPC-51", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43740", "model_name": "KPC-51", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4110": {"model_id": "4110", "ARO_accession": "3005377", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "550", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "Inhibitor-resistant class A extended-spectrum beta-lactamase kpc-46 [Klebsiella pneumoniae] Accession: WP_148044421.1", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6484": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGTCACTGTATCGCCGTCTAGTTCTGCTGTCTTGTCTCTCATGGCCGCTGGCTGGCTTTTCTGCCACCGCGCTGACCAACCTCGTCGCGGAACCATTCGCTAAACTCGAACAGGACTTTGGCGGCTCCATCGGTGTGTACGCGATGGATACCGGCTCAGGCGCAACTGTAAGTTACCGCGCTGAGGAGCGCTTCCCACTGTGCAGCTCATTCAAGGGCTTTCTTGCTGCCGCTGTGCTGGCTCGCAGCCAGCAGCAGGCCGGCTTGCTGGACACACCCATCCGTTACGGCAAAAATGCGCTGGTTCCGTGGTCACCCATCTCGGAAAAATATCTGACAACAGGCATGACGGTGGCGGAGCTGTCCGCGGCCGCCGTGCAATACAGTGATAACGCCGCCGCCAATTTGTTGCTGAAGGAGTTGGGCGGCCCGGCCGGGCTGACGGCCTTCATGCGCTCTATCGGCGATACCACGTTCCGTCTGGACCGCTGGGAGCTGGAGCCGAACTCCGCCATCCCAGGCGATGCGCGCGATACCTCATCGCCGCGCGCCGTGACGGAAAGCTTACAAAAACTGACACTGGGCTCTGCACTGGCTGCGCCGCAGCGGCAGCAGTTTGTTGATTGGCTAAAGGGAAACACGACCGGCAACCACCGCATCCGCGCGGCGGTGCCGGCAGACTGGGCAGTCGGAGACAAAACCGGAACCTGCGGAGTGTATGGCACGGCAAATGACTATGCCGTCGTCTGGCCCACTGGGCGCGCACCTATTGTGTTGGCCGTCTACACCCGGGCGCCTAACAAGGATGACAAGTACAGCGAGGCCGTCATCGCCGCTGCGGCTAGACTCGCGCTCGAGGGATTGGGCGTCAACGGGCAGTAA", "fmax": "882", "accession": "MN267701.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Klebsiella pneumoniae", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "573", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "35915"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "QED08959.1", "sequence": "MSLYRRLVLLSCLSWPLAGFSATALTNLVAEPFAKLEQDFGGSIGVYAMDTGSGATVSYRAEERFPLCSSFKGFLAAAVLARSQQQAGLLDTPIRYGKNALVPWSPISEKYLTTGMTVAELSAAAVQYSDNAAANLLLKELGGPAGLTAFMRSIGDTTFRLDRWELEPNSAIPGDARDTSSPRAVTESLQKLTLGSALAAPQRQQFVDWLKGNTTGNHRIRAAVPADWAVGDKTGTCGVYGTANDYAVVWPTGRAPIVLAVYTRAPNKDDKYSEAVIAAAARLALEGLGVNGQ"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "35923": {"category_aro_name": "monobactam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35923", "category_aro_accession": "0000004", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Monobactams are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Unlike penams and cephems, monobactams do not have any ring fused to its four-member lactam structure. Monobactam antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36198": {"category_aro_name": "KPC beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36198", "category_aro_accession": "3000059", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenem resistant (KPC) beta-lactamases are notorious for their ability to efficiently hydrolyze carbapenems, unlike other Ambler Class A beta-lactamases.  There are currently 9 variants reported worldwide.  These enzymes were first isolated from Klebsiella pneumoniae strains in 2001 in the United States.  Hospital outbreaks have since been reported in Greece and Israel and KPC carrying strains are now endemic to New York facilities.  KPC-1 and KPC-2 have been shown to be identical and are now referred to as KPC-2."}}, "ARO_name": "KPC-46", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43737", "model_name": "KPC-46", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4111": {"model_id": "4111", "ARO_accession": "3005378", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "550", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "Carbapenem-hydrolyzing class A beta-lactamase kpc-49 [Escherichia coli] Accession: WP_197749402.1", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6485": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGTCACTGTATCGCCGTCTAGTTCTGCTGTCTTGTCTCTCATGGCCGCTGGCTGGCTTTTCTGCCACCGCGCTGACCAACCTCGTCGCGGAACCATTCGCTAAACTCGAACAGGACTTTGGCGGCTCCATCGGTGTGTACGCGATGGATACCGGCTCAGGCGCAACTGTAAGTTACCGCGCTGAGGAGCGCTTCCCACTGTGCAGCTCATTCAAGGGCTTTCTTGCTGCCGCTGTGCTGGCTCGCAGCCAGCAGCAGGCCGGCTTGCTGGACACACCCATCCGTTACGGCAAAAATGCGCTGGTTCCGTGGTCACCCATCTCGGAAAAATATCTGACAACAGGCATGACGGTGGCGGAGCTGTCCGCGGCCGCCGTGCAATACAGTGATAACGCCGCCGCCAATTTGTTGCTGAAGGAGTTGGGCGGCCCGGCCGGGCTGACGGCCTTCATGCGCTCTATCGGCGATACCACGTTCCGTCTGGACAGCTGGGAGCTGGAGCTGAACTCCGCCATCCCAGGCGATGCGCGCGATACCTCATCGCCGCGCGCCGTGACGGAAAGCTTACAAAAACTGACACTGGGCTCTGCACTGGCTGCGCCGCAGCGGCAGCAGTTTGTTGATTGGCTAAAGGGAAACACGACCGGCAACCACCGCATCCGCGCGGCGGTGCCGGCAGACTGGGCAGTCGGAGACAAAACCGGAACCTGCGGAGTGTATGGCACGGCAAATGACTATGCCGTCGTCTGGCCCACTGGGCGCGCACCTATTGTGTTGGCCGTCTACACCCGGGCGCCTAACAAGGATGACAAGTACAGCGAGGCCGTCATCGCCGCTGCGGCTAGACTCGCGCTCGAGGGATTGGGCGTCAACGGGCAGTAA", "fmax": "882", "accession": "MN619655.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Escherichia coli", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "562", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "35914"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "QFX75995.1", "sequence": "MSLYRRLVLLSCLSWPLAGFSATALTNLVAEPFAKLEQDFGGSIGVYAMDTGSGATVSYRAEERFPLCSSFKGFLAAAVLARSQQQAGLLDTPIRYGKNALVPWSPISEKYLTTGMTVAELSAAAVQYSDNAAANLLLKELGGPAGLTAFMRSIGDTTFRLDSWELELNSAIPGDARDTSSPRAVTESLQKLTLGSALAAPQRQQFVDWLKGNTTGNHRIRAAVPADWAVGDKTGTCGVYGTANDYAVVWPTGRAPIVLAVYTRAPNKDDKYSEAVIAAAARLALEGLGVNGQ"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "35923": {"category_aro_name": "monobactam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35923", "category_aro_accession": "0000004", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Monobactams are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Unlike penams and cephems, monobactams do not have any ring fused to its four-member lactam structure. Monobactam antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36198": {"category_aro_name": "KPC beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36198", "category_aro_accession": "3000059", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenem resistant (KPC) beta-lactamases are notorious for their ability to efficiently hydrolyze carbapenems, unlike other Ambler Class A beta-lactamases.  There are currently 9 variants reported worldwide.  These enzymes were first isolated from Klebsiella pneumoniae strains in 2001 in the United States.  Hospital outbreaks have since been reported in Greece and Israel and KPC carrying strains are now endemic to New York facilities.  KPC-1 and KPC-2 have been shown to be identical and are now referred to as KPC-2."}}, "ARO_name": "KPC-49", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43738", "model_name": "KPC-49", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4118": {"model_id": "4118", "ARO_accession": "3005385", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "550", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "Inhibitor-resistant carbapenem-hydrolyzing class A beta-lactamase kpc-57 [Klebsiella pneumoniae] Accession: WP_171476789.1", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6492": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGTCACTGTATCGCCGTCTAGTTCTGCTGTCTTGTCTCTCATGGCCGCTGGCTGGCTTTTCTGCCACCGCGCTGACCAACCTCGTCGCGGAACCATTCGCTAAACTCGAACAGGACTTTGGCGGCTCCATCGGTGTGTACGCGATGGATACCGGCTCAGGCGCAACTGTAAGTTACCGCGCTGAGGAGCGCTTCCCACTGTGCAGCTCATTCAAGGGCTTTCTTGCTGCCGCTGTGCTGGCTCGCAGCCAGCAGCAGGCCGGCTTGCTGGACACACCCATCCGTTACGGCAAAAATGCGCTGGTTCCGTGGTCACCCATCTCGGAAAAATATCTGACAACAGGCATGACGGTGGCGGAGCTGTCCGCGGCCGCCGTGCAATACAGTGATAACGCCGCCGCCAATTTGTTGCTGAAGGAGTTGGGCGGCCCGGCCGGGCTGACGGCCTTCATGCGCTCTATCGGCGATACCACGTTCCGTCTGGACCGCTGGGAGCTGGAGCTGAACTCCGCCATCCCAGGCGATGCGCGCGTTACCTCATCGCCGCGCGCCGTGACGGAAAGCTTACAAAAACTGACACTGGGCTCTGCACTGGCTGCGCCGCAGCGGCAGCAGTTTGTTGATTGGCTAAAGGGAAACACGACCGGCAACCACCGCATCCGCGCGGCGGTGCCGGCAGACTGGGCAGTCGGAGACAAAACCGGAACCTGCGGAGTGTATGGCACGGCAAATGACTATGCCGTCGTCTGGCCCACTGGGCGCGCACCTATTGTGTTGGCCGTCTACACCCGGGCGCCTAACAAGGATGACAAGCACAGCGAGGCCGTCATCGCCGCTGCGGCTAGACTCGCGCTCGAGGGATTGGGCGTCAACGGGCAGTAA", "fmax": "882", "accession": "MT358626.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Klebsiella pneumoniae subsp. pneumoniae", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "72407", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "39097"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "QJD09264.1", "sequence": "MSLYRRLVLLSCLSWPLAGFSATALTNLVAEPFAKLEQDFGGSIGVYAMDTGSGATVSYRAEERFPLCSSFKGFLAAAVLARSQQQAGLLDTPIRYGKNALVPWSPISEKYLTTGMTVAELSAAAVQYSDNAAANLLLKELGGPAGLTAFMRSIGDTTFRLDRWELELNSAIPGDARVTSSPRAVTESLQKLTLGSALAAPQRQQFVDWLKGNTTGNHRIRAAVPADWAVGDKTGTCGVYGTANDYAVVWPTGRAPIVLAVYTRAPNKDDKHSEAVIAAAARLALEGLGVNGQ"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "35923": {"category_aro_name": "monobactam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35923", "category_aro_accession": "0000004", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Monobactams are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Unlike penams and cephems, monobactams do not have any ring fused to its four-member lactam structure. Monobactam antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36198": {"category_aro_name": "KPC beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36198", "category_aro_accession": "3000059", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenem resistant (KPC) beta-lactamases are notorious for their ability to efficiently hydrolyze carbapenems, unlike other Ambler Class A beta-lactamases.  There are currently 9 variants reported worldwide.  These enzymes were first isolated from Klebsiella pneumoniae strains in 2001 in the United States.  Hospital outbreaks have since been reported in Greece and Israel and KPC carrying strains are now endemic to New York facilities.  KPC-1 and KPC-2 have been shown to be identical and are now referred to as KPC-2."}}, "ARO_name": "KPC-57", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43745", "model_name": "KPC-57", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4057": {"model_id": "4057", "ARO_accession": "3005325", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "450", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "OXA-573 is a beta-lactamase in the OXA-60 family of OXA beta-lactamases that confers resistance to ampicillin and cephalothin.", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6424": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGTTCCCTCGCTGGTCAAAGACCTTTGCGCTGGCCCTCACAGCCTATGCGTTCGTGATGGGTGCCAGTCAGGCGCACGCCGAGCTGGTCGTGCGCGATGACCTCAAGCGCGTGTTCGACGAAGCCGGTGTTACCGGCACCTTCGTGCTGATGGACATCCGTGGTGATCGCACCTACGTGGTGGACCCGGCACGCGCCGCGCGGCGCATCCACCCTGCATCAACCTTCAAGATTCCCAACAGCCTGATCGCCTTCGATACGGGTGCCGTGCGTGACGACCAGGAGGTGATTCCATACGGTGGCAAGCCACAGCCCTTCAAACAGTGGGAGAAGGACATGGCATTGCCCGAGGCGATCCGCGTGTCGAACGTGCCGATCTACCAGGAGGTTGCGCGCCGTATCGGCCCCGCGCGCATGCAGGCCTATGTGGATGCCTTTGACTACGGCAACCGCCAGATCGGCAGCGTGATTGACCAGTTTTGGCTGCGTGGTCCATTGGAAATTTCCGCATTTGAAGAGGCGCGCTTCACCAGCCGCCTTGCGCTCAAGCAACTGCCGGTGAAGCCGCGCACGTGGGATCTGGTTCACCGCATGCTGCTGATCGAGAAACAGGGCGATGCCGCGCTGTACGCCAAGACGGGGGTCGCTACCGAGTATCAGCCCGAGATCGGCTGGTGGGTGGGCTGGGTCGAGCGTGAGGGGAAGGTGTACGCGTTCGCCCTGAACATCGACATGCCGCTTGAGGCCGACATGGCCAAGCGCATTCCGTTAGGAAAACGGCTGATGCAGGCATTGGAAGTGTGGCCAACACCCTAG", "fmax": "816", "accession": "NG_056182", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Ralstonia insidiosa", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "190721", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "43682"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_064808881.1", "sequence": "MFPRWSKTFALALTAYAFVMGASQAHAELVVRDDLKRVFDEAGVTGTFVLMDIRGDRTYVVDPARAARRIHPASTFKIPNSLIAFDTGAVRDDQEVIPYGGKPQPFKQWEKDMALPEAIRVSNVPIYQEVARRIGPARMQAYVDAFDYGNRQIGSVIDQFWLRGPLEISAFEEARFTSRLALKQLPVKPRTWDLVHRMLLIEKQGDAALYAKTGVATEYQPEIGWWVGWVEREGKVYAFALNIDMPLEADMAKRIPLGKRLMQALEVWPTP"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "36026": {"category_aro_name": "OXA beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36026", "category_aro_accession": "3000017", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "OXA beta-lactamases were long recognized as a less common but also plasmid-mediated beta-lactamase variety that could hydrolyze oxacillin and related anti-staphylococcal penicillins. These beta-lactamases differ from the TEM and SHV enzymes in that they belong to molecular class D and functional group 2d. The OXA-type beta-lactamases confer resistance to ampicillin and cephalothin and are characterized by their high hydrolytic activity against oxacillin and cloxacillin and the fact that they are poorly inhibited by clavulanic acid. Amino acid substitutions in OXA enzymes can also give the ESBL phenotype. The OXA beta-lactamase family was originally created as a phenotypic rather than a genotypic group for a few beta-lactamases that had a specific hydrolysis profile. Therefore, there is as little as 20% sequence homology among some of the members of this family. However, recent additions to this family show some degree of homology to one or more of the existing members of the OXA beta-lactamase family. Some confer resistance predominantly to ceftazidime, but OXA-17 confers greater resistance to cefotaxime and cefepime than it does resistance to ceftazidime."}}, "ARO_name": "OXA-573", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43683", "model_name": "OXA-573", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4056": {"model_id": "4056", "ARO_accession": "3005324", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "470", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "OXA-570 is a beta-lactamase in the OXA-60 family of OXA beta-lactamases that confers resistance to ampicillin and cephalothin.", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6423": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGTTTGCTCGCTGGTCAAAGACCTTTGCGCTGGCCCTCACAGCCTGTGCTTTCGTGATGGGCGCCACTCAAGCGCACGCCGAGTTGATCGTGCGCGATGACCTTAAGCGCGTGTTTGATGAGGCCGGTGTTACGGGCACCTTCGTGCTGATGGACATCAGTGGTAATCGCACCTACGTTGTGGACCCGGCGCGCGCCGCACGGCGCATCCACCCTGCATCAACCTTCAAGATTCCCAACAGCCTGATCGCCTTCGATACGGGTGCCGTGCGTGACGATCACGAGGTGATCCCATACGGTGGCAAGCCACAGCCCTTCAAACAGTGGGAGAAGGACATGGCATTGCCCGAGGCGATCCGTGTATCCAACGTGCCCATCTATCAGGAAGTCGCGCGACGCATTGGCCCTGCGCGCATGCAGGCCTACATGGATGCCTTTGACTACGGCAACCGCCAGATCGGCAGCGTGATTGACCAGTTCTGGCTGCGTGGTCCATTGGAAATTTCCGCATTTGAAGAGGCGCGCTTCACCAGCCGTCTGGCGCTCAAGCAACTGCCGGTGAAGCCGCGCACCTGGGATCTGGTCCACCGCATGCTGATGATCGAGAGACAGGGCGATGCCTCGCTGTACGCCAAGACGGGGGTCGCCACCGAGTATCAGCCCGAGATCGGCTGGTGGGTGGGCTGGGTCGAGCGTGAGGGGAAGGTGTACGCGTTCGCCCTGAACATCGATATGCCGCTTGAGGCCGATATGGCCAAGCGCATCCTGCTGGGCAAACGGCTGATGCAGGCATTGGACGTGTGGCCAACACCCTAG", "fmax": "816", "accession": "NG_056179", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Ralstonia insidiosa", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "190721", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "43682"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_102607462.1", "sequence": "MFARWSKTFALALTACAFVMGATQAHAELIVRDDLKRVFDEAGVTGTFVLMDISGNRTYVVDPARAARRIHPASTFKIPNSLIAFDTGAVRDDHEVIPYGGKPQPFKQWEKDMALPEAIRVSNVPIYQEVARRIGPARMQAYMDAFDYGNRQIGSVIDQFWLRGPLEISAFEEARFTSRLALKQLPVKPRTWDLVHRMLMIERQGDASLYAKTGVATEYQPEIGWWVGWVEREGKVYAFALNIDMPLEADMAKRILLGKRLMQALDVWPTP"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "36026": {"category_aro_name": "OXA beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36026", "category_aro_accession": "3000017", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "OXA beta-lactamases were long recognized as a less common but also plasmid-mediated beta-lactamase variety that could hydrolyze oxacillin and related anti-staphylococcal penicillins. These beta-lactamases differ from the TEM and SHV enzymes in that they belong to molecular class D and functional group 2d. The OXA-type beta-lactamases confer resistance to ampicillin and cephalothin and are characterized by their high hydrolytic activity against oxacillin and cloxacillin and the fact that they are poorly inhibited by clavulanic acid. Amino acid substitutions in OXA enzymes can also give the ESBL phenotype. The OXA beta-lactamase family was originally created as a phenotypic rather than a genotypic group for a few beta-lactamases that had a specific hydrolysis profile. Therefore, there is as little as 20% sequence homology among some of the members of this family. However, recent additions to this family show some degree of homology to one or more of the existing members of the OXA beta-lactamase family. Some confer resistance predominantly to ceftazidime, but OXA-17 confers greater resistance to cefotaxime and cefepime than it does resistance to ceftazidime."}}, "ARO_name": "OXA-570", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43681", "model_name": "OXA-570", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4055": {"model_id": "4055", "ARO_accession": "3005323", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "525", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "OXA-926 is a class D beta-lactamase in the family of OXA beta-lactamases that confers resistance to ampicillin and cephalothin.", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6422": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGTGCAATCGCATCCTCCAGGTCGCTGCGGTATCAGTGGTCTTCCTTTTTTCAGCGCCTTTCGCGACCGCGCATGAGCTGTGCACGCTGATCGCCGATGCCGATTCCGGCAGGGTGCTTCTGCAGCGCGGCTCCGCCTGCTCCGGGCGCGTGACGCCTGCCTCGACTTTCAAGCTGGCCATCAGCCTCATGGGCTACGACGCAGGCGTGCTGAAGGATGCTGCACAGCCTGCCTTGTCGTATCAAGCGGGATATCCGGATTGGGGTGGTGATGCCTGGCGGCGCGACATCACGCCAACCACATGGATCAGGAACTCCGTCTTCTGGTACTCACAGCAGGTCGTGAAACGCGTGGGGCAGGAGCGCTTCGCGCAGTATGTGAAGGCCTTTCAATACGGCAATGCCGATGTCTCTGCCGTGCCGGTCGATGATCCTGGACAGAGCGGCGCCTGGGTGATGAGTTCACTGCGCATCTCCCCTAAGGAACAGCTTGCGTTCATGCGCAAGATCGTGCGCCGCCAGTTGCCGGTGAGTGCGCATGCCTTCGACATGACCGCCCTCATCGCGAACTACGGTGCACCGGTCGACGGCTGGACCGTGCATGGCAAGACGGGGACCGGCTCGCCGGGCCGCAACAATCGCTATGACGCAAGCCGCGCTTATGGCTGGTACGTAGGCTGGGCGACCAAGGGCGCGCGAAGGCTGGCATTTGCGCGCCTGATCCAGGACGAGCAGGCTATCAAGCCCAATGCGGGCCTGCGTGCGCGCGACGAGCTGCTTCGGCTTCTGCCAGCCATCGACCATTGA", "fmax": "807", "accession": "NG_070748", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Klebsiella", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "570", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "37059"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_114268491.1", "sequence": "MCNRILQVAAVSVVFLFSAPFATAHELCTLIADADSGRVLLQRGSACSGRVTPASTFKLAISLMGYDAGVLKDAAQPALSYQAGYPDWGGDAWRRDITPTTWIRNSVFWYSQQVVKRVGQERFAQYVKAFQYGNADVSAVPVDDPGQSGAWVMSSLRISPKEQLAFMRKIVRRQLPVSAHAFDMTALIANYGAPVDGWTVHGKTGTGSPGRNNRYDASRAYGWYVGWATKGARRLAFARLIQDEQAIKPNAGLRARDELLRLLPAIDH"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "36026": {"category_aro_name": "OXA beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36026", "category_aro_accession": "3000017", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "OXA beta-lactamases were long recognized as a less common but also plasmid-mediated beta-lactamase variety that could hydrolyze oxacillin and related anti-staphylococcal penicillins. These beta-lactamases differ from the TEM and SHV enzymes in that they belong to molecular class D and functional group 2d. The OXA-type beta-lactamases confer resistance to ampicillin and cephalothin and are characterized by their high hydrolytic activity against oxacillin and cloxacillin and the fact that they are poorly inhibited by clavulanic acid. Amino acid substitutions in OXA enzymes can also give the ESBL phenotype. The OXA beta-lactamase family was originally created as a phenotypic rather than a genotypic group for a few beta-lactamases that had a specific hydrolysis profile. Therefore, there is as little as 20% sequence homology among some of the members of this family. However, recent additions to this family show some degree of homology to one or more of the existing members of the OXA beta-lactamase family. Some confer resistance predominantly to ceftazidime, but OXA-17 confers greater resistance to cefotaxime and cefepime than it does resistance to ceftazidime."}}, "ARO_name": "OXA-926", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43680", "model_name": "OXA-926", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4054": {"model_id": "4054", "ARO_accession": "3005322", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "500", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "OXA-835 is a beta-lactamase in the OXA-46 family of OXA beta-lactamases that confers resistance to ampicillin and cephalothin.", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6421": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGGCAATCCGAATCTTCGCCATACTGCTATCCACCTTCTTTCTTACCTCATTCGTGTATGCGCAAGAACATGTGGTAATCCGTTCGGACTGGAAAAAGTTCTTCAGCGACCTCCAGGCCGAAGGTGCAATCGTTATTGCAGACGAACGTCAAGCGAAGCATACTTTATCGGTTTTTGATCAAGAGCGAGCGGCAAAGCGTTACTCGCCAGCTTCAACCTTCAAGATACCCCACACACTTTTTGCACTTGATGCAGACGCCGTTCGTGATGAGTTCCAGGTTTTTCGATGGGACGGCGTTAACCGAAGCTTTGCAGGTCACAATCAAGACCAAGATTTGCGATCAGCGATGCGAAATTCTACGGTTTGGGTTTATGAGCTGTTTGCAAAAGATATCGGAGAGGACAAAGCAAGACGTTATTTAAAGCAAATTGATTATGGCAACGTCGATCCTTCGACAATCAAGGGCGATTACTGGATAGATGGAAATCTTAAAATCTCAGCGCACGAACAGATTTTGTTTCTCAGAAAACTCTATCGAAATCAGTTACCATTTAAGGTGGAGCACCAGCGCTTGGTGAAAGATCTCATGATTACGGAAGCCGGGCGCAGTTGGATACTACGCGCAAAGACCGGCTGGGAAGGCAGGTTTGGCTGGTGGGTAGGGTGGATTGAATGGCCAACAGGCCCCGTATTCTTTGCGCTGAATATTGATACGCCAAACAGAACGGACGATCTTTTCAAAAGAGAGGCCATCGCACGGGCAATCCTTCGTTCTATTGACGCATTGCCACCCAACTAA", "fmax": "801", "accession": "NG_065880", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Pseudomonas aeruginosa", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "287", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "36752"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_148044422.1", "sequence": "MAIRIFAILLSTFFLTSFVYAQEHVVIRSDWKKFFSDLQAEGAIVIADERQAKHTLSVFDQERAAKRYSPASTFKIPHTLFALDADAVRDEFQVFRWDGVNRSFAGHNQDQDLRSAMRNSTVWVYELFAKDIGEDKARRYLKQIDYGNVDPSTIKGDYWIDGNLKISAHEQILFLRKLYRNQLPFKVEHQRLVKDLMITEAGRSWILRAKTGWEGRFGWWVGWIEWPTGPVFFALNIDTPNRTDDLFKREAIARAILRSIDALPPN"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "36026": {"category_aro_name": "OXA beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36026", "category_aro_accession": "3000017", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "OXA beta-lactamases were long recognized as a less common but also plasmid-mediated beta-lactamase variety that could hydrolyze oxacillin and related anti-staphylococcal penicillins. These beta-lactamases differ from the TEM and SHV enzymes in that they belong to molecular class D and functional group 2d. The OXA-type beta-lactamases confer resistance to ampicillin and cephalothin and are characterized by their high hydrolytic activity against oxacillin and cloxacillin and the fact that they are poorly inhibited by clavulanic acid. Amino acid substitutions in OXA enzymes can also give the ESBL phenotype. The OXA beta-lactamase family was originally created as a phenotypic rather than a genotypic group for a few beta-lactamases that had a specific hydrolysis profile. Therefore, there is as little as 20% sequence homology among some of the members of this family. However, recent additions to this family show some degree of homology to one or more of the existing members of the OXA beta-lactamase family. Some confer resistance predominantly to ceftazidime, but OXA-17 confers greater resistance to cefotaxime and cefepime than it does resistance to ceftazidime."}}, "ARO_name": "OXA-835", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43679", "model_name": "OXA-835", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4053": {"model_id": "4053", "ARO_accession": "3005321", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "500", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "OXA-541 is a beta-lactamase in the OXA-2 family of OXA beta-lactamases that confers resistance to ampicillin and cephalothin.", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6420": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "1", "sequence": "TGCCGCTTTCAGGTCGCGATATGCGGCCTAACAATTCGTCCAAGCCGACGCCGCTTCGCGGCGCGGCTTAACTCAGGTGTTGGGCATTAAGGAAAAGTTAATGGCAATCCGAATCTTCGCGATACTTTTCTCCATTTTTTCTCTTGCCACTTTCGCGCATGCGCAAGAAGGCACGCTAGAACGTTCTGACTGGAGGAAGTTTTTCAGCGAATTTCAAGCCAAAGGCACGATAGTTGTGGCAGACGAACGCCAAGCGGATCGTGCCATGTTGGTTTTTGATCCTGTGCGATCGAAGAAACGCTACTCGCCTGCATCGACATTCAAGATACCTCATACACTTTTTGCACTTGATGCAGGCGCTGTTCGTGATGAGTTCCAGATTTTTCGATGGGACGGCGTTAACAGGGGCTTTGCAGGCCACAATCAAGACCAAGATTTGCGATCAGCAATGCGGAATTCTACTGTTTGGGTGTATGAGCTATTTGCAAAGGAAATTGGTGATGACAAAGCTCGGCGCTATTTGAAGAAAATCGACTATGGCTACGCCGATCCTTCGACAAGTAATGGCGATTACTGGATAGAAGGCAGCCTTGCAATCTCGGCGCAGGAGCAAATTGCATTTCTCAGGAAGCTCTATCGTAACGAGCTGCCCTTTCGGGTAGAACATCAGCGCTTGGTCAAGGATCTCATGATTGTGGAAGCCGGTCGCAACTGGATACTGCGTGCAAAGACGGGCTGGGAAGGCCGTATGGGTTGGTGGGTAGGATGGGTTGAGTGGCCGACTGGCTCCGTATTCTTCGCACTGAATATTGATACGCCAAACAGAATGGATGATCTTTTCAAGAGGGAGGCAATCGTGCGGGCAATCCTTCGCTCTATTGAAGCGTTACCGCCCAACCCGGCAGTCAACTCGGACGCTGCGCGATAAAACCGCGCAGCGCCGGTTACTTCAACGTTAGGCAAAGGATGGCCATCATGAAACCACCTGAAAAAATCGACGGGGCACACGTAGTCGAGTGGGCTTGGTC", "fmax": "1028", "accession": "NG_052519", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Pseudomonas putida", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "303", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "36803"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_071846384.1", "sequence": "MAIRIFAILFSIFSLATFAHAQEGTLERSDWRKFFSEFQAKGTIVVADERQADRAMLVFDPVRSKKRYSPASTFKIPHTLFALDAGAVRDEFQIFRWDGVNRGFAGHNQDQDLRSAMRNSTVWVYELFAKEIGDDKARRYLKKIDYGYADPSTSNGDYWIEGSLAISAQEQIAFLRKLYRNELPFRVEHQRLVKDLMIVEAGRNWILRAKTGWEGRMGWWVGWVEWPTGSVFFALNIDTPNRMDDLFKREAIVRAILRSIEALPPNPAVNSDAAR"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "36026": {"category_aro_name": "OXA beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36026", "category_aro_accession": "3000017", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "OXA beta-lactamases were long recognized as a less common but also plasmid-mediated beta-lactamase variety that could hydrolyze oxacillin and related anti-staphylococcal penicillins. These beta-lactamases differ from the TEM and SHV enzymes in that they belong to molecular class D and functional group 2d. The OXA-type beta-lactamases confer resistance to ampicillin and cephalothin and are characterized by their high hydrolytic activity against oxacillin and cloxacillin and the fact that they are poorly inhibited by clavulanic acid. Amino acid substitutions in OXA enzymes can also give the ESBL phenotype. The OXA beta-lactamase family was originally created as a phenotypic rather than a genotypic group for a few beta-lactamases that had a specific hydrolysis profile. Therefore, there is as little as 20% sequence homology among some of the members of this family. However, recent additions to this family show some degree of homology to one or more of the existing members of the OXA beta-lactamase family. Some confer resistance predominantly to ceftazidime, but OXA-17 confers greater resistance to cefotaxime and cefepime than it does resistance to ceftazidime."}}, "ARO_name": "OXA-541", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43678", "model_name": "OXA-541", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4052": {"model_id": "4052", "ARO_accession": "3005320", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "500", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "OXA-737 is a beta-lactamase in the OXA-2 family of OXA beta-lactamases that confers resistance to ampicillin and cephalothin.", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6419": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGGCAATCCGAATCTTCGCGATACTTTTCTCCATTTTTTCTCTTGCCACTTTCGCGCATGCGCAAGAAGGCACGCTAGAACGTTCTGACTGGAGGAAGTTTTTCAGCGAATTTCAAGCCAAAGGCACGATAGTTGTGGCAGACGAACGCCAAGCGGATCGTGCCATGTTGGTTTTTGATCCTGTGCGATCGAAGAAACGCTACTCGCCTGCATCGACATTCAAGATACCTCATACACTTTTTGCACTTGATGCAGGCGCTGTTCGTGATGAGTTCCAGATTTTTCGATGGGACGGCGTTAACAGGGGCTTTGCAGGCCACAATCAAGACCAAGATTTGCGATCAGCAATGCGGAATTCTACTGTTTGGGTGTATGAGCTATTTGCAAAGGAAATTGGTGATGACAAAGCTCGGCGCTATTTGAAGAAAATCGACTATGGCAACCCCGATCCTTCGACAAGTAATGGCGATTACTGGATAGAAGGCAGCCTTGCAATCTCGGCGCAGGAGCAAATTGCATTTCTCAGGAAGCTCTATCGTAACGAGCTGCCCTTTCGGGTAGAACATCAGCGCTTGGTCAAGGATCTCATGATTGTGGAAGCCGGTCGCAACTGGATACTGCGTGCAAAGACGGGCTGGGAAGGCCGTATGGGTTGGTGGGTAGGATGGGTTGAGTGGCCGACTGGCTCCGTATTCTTCGCACTGAATATTGATACGCCAAACAGAATGGATGATCTTTTCAAGAGGGAGGCAATCGTGCGGGCAATCCTTCGCTCTATTGAAGCGTTACCGCCCAACCCGGCAGTCAACTCGGACGCTGCGCGATAA", "fmax": "828", "accession": "NG_062269", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Pseudomonas aeruginosa", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "287", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "36752"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_122630856.1", "sequence": "MAIRIFAILFSIFSLATFAHAQEGTLERSDWRKFFSEFQAKGTIVVADERQADRAMLVFDPVRSKKRYSPASTFKIPHTLFALDAGAVRDEFQIFRWDGVNRGFAGHNQDQDLRSAMRNSTVWVYELFAKEIGDDKARRYLKKIDYGNPDPSTSNGDYWIEGSLAISAQEQIAFLRKLYRNELPFRVEHQRLVKDLMIVEAGRNWILRAKTGWEGRMGWWVGWVEWPTGSVFFALNIDTPNRMDDLFKREAIVRAILRSIEALPPNPAVNSDAAR"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "36026": {"category_aro_name": "OXA beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36026", "category_aro_accession": "3000017", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "OXA beta-lactamases were long recognized as a less common but also plasmid-mediated beta-lactamase variety that could hydrolyze oxacillin and related anti-staphylococcal penicillins. These beta-lactamases differ from the TEM and SHV enzymes in that they belong to molecular class D and functional group 2d. The OXA-type beta-lactamases confer resistance to ampicillin and cephalothin and are characterized by their high hydrolytic activity against oxacillin and cloxacillin and the fact that they are poorly inhibited by clavulanic acid. Amino acid substitutions in OXA enzymes can also give the ESBL phenotype. The OXA beta-lactamase family was originally created as a phenotypic rather than a genotypic group for a few beta-lactamases that had a specific hydrolysis profile. Therefore, there is as little as 20% sequence homology among some of the members of this family. However, recent additions to this family show some degree of homology to one or more of the existing members of the OXA beta-lactamase family. Some confer resistance predominantly to ceftazidime, but OXA-17 confers greater resistance to cefotaxime and cefepime than it does resistance to ceftazidime."}}, "ARO_name": "OXA-737", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43677", "model_name": "OXA-737", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4051": {"model_id": "4051", "ARO_accession": "3005319", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "500", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "OXA-681 is a beta-lactamase in the OXA-2 family of OXA beta-lactamases that confers resistance to ampicillin and cephalothin.", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6418": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGGCAATCCGAATCTTCGCGATACTTTTCTCCATTTTTTCTCTTGCCACTTTCGCGCATGCGCAAGAAGGCACGCTAGAACGTTCTGACTGGAGGAAGTTTTTCAGCGAATTTCAAGCCAAAGGCACGATAGTTGTGGCAGACGAACGCCAAGCGGATCGTGCCATGTTGGTTTTTGATCCTGTGCGATCGAAGAAACGCTACTCGCCTGCATCGACATTCAAGATACCTCATACACTTTTTGCACTTGATGCAGGCGCTGTTCGTGATGAGTTCCAGATTTTTCGATGGGACGGCGTTAACAGGGGCTTTGCAGGCCACAATCAAGACCAAGATTTGCGATCAGCAATGCGGAATTCTACTGTTTGGGTGTATGAGCTATTTGCAAAGGAAATTGGTGATGACAAAGCTCGGCGCTATTTGAAGAAAATCGACTATGGCAACGCCGATCCTTCGACAAGTAATGGCGATTACTGGAAAGGCAGCCTTGCAATCTCGGCGCAGGAGCAAATTGCATTTCTCAGGAAGCTCTATCGTAACGAGCTGCCCTTTCGGGTAGAACATCAGCGCTTGGTCAAGGATCTCATGATTGTGGAAGCCGGTCGCAACTGGATACTGCGTGCAAAGACGGGCTGGGAAGGCCGTATGGGTTGGTGGGTAGGATGGGTTGAGTGGCCGACTGGCTCCGTATTCTTCGCACTGAATATTGATACGCCAAACAGAATGGATGATCTTTTCAAGAGGGAGGCAATCGTGCGGGCAATCCTTCGCTCTATTGAAGCGTTACCGCCCAACCCGGCAGTCAACTCGGACGCTGCGCGATAA", "fmax": "825", "accession": "NG_062301", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Pseudomonas aeruginosa", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "287", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "36752"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_122630881.1", "sequence": "MAIRIFAILFSIFSLATFAHAQEGTLERSDWRKFFSEFQAKGTIVVADERQADRAMLVFDPVRSKKRYSPASTFKIPHTLFALDAGAVRDEFQIFRWDGVNRGFAGHNQDQDLRSAMRNSTVWVYELFAKEIGDDKARRYLKKIDYGNADPSTSNGDYWKGSLAISAQEQIAFLRKLYRNELPFRVEHQRLVKDLMIVEAGRNWILRAKTGWEGRMGWWVGWVEWPTGSVFFALNIDTPNRMDDLFKREAIVRAILRSIEALPPNPAVNSDAAR"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "36026": {"category_aro_name": "OXA beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36026", "category_aro_accession": "3000017", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "OXA beta-lactamases were long recognized as a less common but also plasmid-mediated beta-lactamase variety that could hydrolyze oxacillin and related anti-staphylococcal penicillins. These beta-lactamases differ from the TEM and SHV enzymes in that they belong to molecular class D and functional group 2d. The OXA-type beta-lactamases confer resistance to ampicillin and cephalothin and are characterized by their high hydrolytic activity against oxacillin and cloxacillin and the fact that they are poorly inhibited by clavulanic acid. Amino acid substitutions in OXA enzymes can also give the ESBL phenotype. The OXA beta-lactamase family was originally created as a phenotypic rather than a genotypic group for a few beta-lactamases that had a specific hydrolysis profile. Therefore, there is as little as 20% sequence homology among some of the members of this family. However, recent additions to this family show some degree of homology to one or more of the existing members of the OXA beta-lactamase family. Some confer resistance predominantly to ceftazidime, but OXA-17 confers greater resistance to cefotaxime and cefepime than it does resistance to ceftazidime."}}, "ARO_name": "OXA-681", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43676", "model_name": "OXA-681", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4050": {"model_id": "4050", "ARO_accession": "3005318", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "505", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "OXA-543 is a beta-lactamase in the OXA-2 family of OXA beta-lactamases that confers resistance to ampicillin and cephalothin.", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6416": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "1", "sequence": "GGCGCGCAGTGCTGCCTAACCCTTCCATCGAGAGGGACGTCCAAGAGCTATCGCTCTTGGCCGCCCCTCATGTCAAACGTTGGGCATTAAGGAAAAGTTAATGGCAATCCGAATCTTCGCGATACTTTTCTCCATTTTTTCTCTTGCCACTTTCGCGCATGCGCAAGAAGGCACGCTAGAACGTTCTGACTGGAGGAAGTTTTTCAGCGAATTTCAAGCCAAAGGCACGATAGTTGTGGCAGACGAACGCCAAGCGGATCGTGCCATGTTGGTTTTTGATCCTGTGCGATCGAAGAAACGCTACTCGCCTGCATCGACATTCAAGATACCTCATACACTTTTTGCACTTGATGCAGGCGCTGTTCGTGATGAGTTCCAGATTTTTCGATGGGACGGCGTTAACAGGGGCTTTGCAGGCCACAATCAAGACCAAGATTTGCGATCAGCAATGCGGAATTCTACTGTTTGGGTGTATGAGCTATTTGCAAAGGAAATTGGTGATGACAAAGCTCGGCGCTATTTGAAGAAAATCGACTATGGCAACGCCGATCCTTCGACAAGTAATGGCGATTACGGGATAGAAGGCAGCCTTGCAATCTCGGCGCAGGAGCAAATTGCATTTCTCAGGAAGCTCTATCGTAACGAGCTGCCCTTTCGGGTAGAACATCAGCGCTTGGTCAAGGATCTCATGATTGTGGAAGCCGGTCGCAACTGGATACTGCGTGCAAAGACGGGCTGGGAAGGCCGTATGGGTTGGTGGGTAGGATGGGTTGAGTGGCCGACTGGCTCCGTATTCTTCGCACTGAATATTGATACGCCAAACAGAATGGATGATCTTTTCAAGAGGGAGGCAATCGTGCGGGCAATCCTTCGCTCTATTGAAGCGTTACCGCCCAACCCGGCAGTCAACTCGGACGCTGCGCGATAAAACCGCGCAGCGCCGGTTACTTCAACGTTAGGCACCAATGGATAGTTCGCCGCTCGTCAGGCCTGTTGAAACTACCGATTCGGCCAGTTGGCTAAGCATG", "fmax": "1028", "accession": "NG_068179", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Pseudomonas aeruginosa", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "287", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "36752"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_058132644.1", "sequence": "MAIRIFAILFSIFSLATFAHAQEGTLERSDWRKFFSEFQAKGTIVVADERQADRAMLVFDPVRSKKRYSPASTFKIPHTLFALDAGAVRDEFQIFRWDGVNRGFAGHNQDQDLRSAMRNSTVWVYELFAKEIGDDKARRYLKKIDYGNADPSTSNGDYGIEGSLAISAQEQIAFLRKLYRNELPFRVEHQRLVKDLMIVEAGRNWILRAKTGWEGRMGWWVGWVEWPTGSVFFALNIDTPNRMDDLFKREAIVRAILRSIEALPPNPAVNSDAAR"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "36026": {"category_aro_name": "OXA beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36026", "category_aro_accession": "3000017", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "OXA beta-lactamases were long recognized as a less common but also plasmid-mediated beta-lactamase variety that could hydrolyze oxacillin and related anti-staphylococcal penicillins. These beta-lactamases differ from the TEM and SHV enzymes in that they belong to molecular class D and functional group 2d. The OXA-type beta-lactamases confer resistance to ampicillin and cephalothin and are characterized by their high hydrolytic activity against oxacillin and cloxacillin and the fact that they are poorly inhibited by clavulanic acid. Amino acid substitutions in OXA enzymes can also give the ESBL phenotype. The OXA beta-lactamase family was originally created as a phenotypic rather than a genotypic group for a few beta-lactamases that had a specific hydrolysis profile. Therefore, there is as little as 20% sequence homology among some of the members of this family. However, recent additions to this family show some degree of homology to one or more of the existing members of the OXA beta-lactamase family. Some confer resistance predominantly to ceftazidime, but OXA-17 confers greater resistance to cefotaxime and cefepime than it does resistance to ceftazidime."}}, "ARO_name": "OXA-543", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43675", "model_name": "OXA-543", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4059": {"model_id": "4059", "ARO_accession": "3005327", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "475", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "OXA-672 is a beta-lactamase in the OXA-286 family of OXA beta-lactamases that confers resistance to ampicillin and cephalothin.", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6426": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "1", "sequence": "TTTTTTTATCTGTTTTTTACACATTATTGATGAAAATAACACTACAGAACAATGACGATAAAACACTTATAGTGACAGATTATTCTACTTTTCCAGCTTTATGATCATGTCGAAAAAATTAAAATGTCTGACGCTGTTTACAGCCATCTTTTTTGCGATTCCCATGGCCGCTTGTCAAAGTTTTAGTCAACAAAAGCAACAGCTTTCGACACAGAAAAATGAACAGCAACAGATTTCAAGCTTATTTCAGAGTGCCCAAACCAGTGGTGTTTTGGTGATTTATGATGGCAAGAAAATTCAAAGCTATGGCAATGATATACATCGCGCAGATCAGCGCTATATTCCTGCCTCAACCTTTAAAATGCTAAACGCCTTGATTGGTATACAACATCATAAGACCACACCAGATGAAGTGTTTAAATGGGATGGCAAAAAGCGGGCATTCAGCAGTTGGGAAAAAGATTTAACCTTAGCTGAAGCGATGCAGGCATCGGCGGTACCTGTGTATCAAGAGTTGGCAAGACGTATTGGCTTGGAGTTAATGACCCGTGAAGTGAAGCGTGTGGGTTATGGCAATAAAAATATTGGGACACAAGTTGATAATTTCTGGTTAGTTGGCCCATTAAAAATCACCCCCGTAGAAGAAGTTCGCTTTGCCTATGCGTTGGCAAAACAGAAATTGCCATTTGACCAGCCAACACAGCAACAAGTCAAAGCGATGTTATTGGTGGATCAGATTCAGGGAACTAAAATCTATGCAAAAAGTGGTTGGGGCATGGATGTTAGCCCGCAAGTGGGATGGTGGACAGGCTGGATTGAACAGCCAAATGGTAAGATCACAGCCTTCTCACTGAATATGCAAATGAGCCAGCCTGAGCATGCAGATGCACGTAAAGCGATTGTGTATCAAGCCTTGCAACAGTTGGGATTGTTAGCCCATTAAATAAGCAAAAAAAGACCCAGCTTTTGGGGAAAGCTGGGCTGAGAAAGGATGTTTAGCTTAGGGGAGAAAACATCCTAGAGGGTTAGCGGTTTAAATTCTG", "fmax": "1043", "accession": "NG_062221", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Acinetobacter gyllenbergii", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "134534", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "42559"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_023271137.1", "sequence": "MIMSKKLKCLTLFTAIFFAIPMAACQSFSQQKQQLSTQKNEQQQISSLFQSAQTSGVLVIYDGKKIQSYGNDIHRADQRYIPASTFKMLNALIGIQHHKTTPDEVFKWDGKKRAFSSWEKDLTLAEAMQASAVPVYQELARRIGLELMTREVKRVGYGNKNIGTQVDNFWLVGPLKITPVEEVRFAYALAKQKLPFDQPTQQQVKAMLLVDQIQGTKIYAKSGWGMDVSPQVGWWTGWIEQPNGKITAFSLNMQMSQPEHADARKAIVYQALQQLGLLAH"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "36026": {"category_aro_name": "OXA beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36026", "category_aro_accession": "3000017", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "OXA beta-lactamases were long recognized as a less common but also plasmid-mediated beta-lactamase variety that could hydrolyze oxacillin and related anti-staphylococcal penicillins. These beta-lactamases differ from the TEM and SHV enzymes in that they belong to molecular class D and functional group 2d. The OXA-type beta-lactamases confer resistance to ampicillin and cephalothin and are characterized by their high hydrolytic activity against oxacillin and cloxacillin and the fact that they are poorly inhibited by clavulanic acid. Amino acid substitutions in OXA enzymes can also give the ESBL phenotype. The OXA beta-lactamase family was originally created as a phenotypic rather than a genotypic group for a few beta-lactamases that had a specific hydrolysis profile. Therefore, there is as little as 20% sequence homology among some of the members of this family. However, recent additions to this family show some degree of homology to one or more of the existing members of the OXA beta-lactamase family. Some confer resistance predominantly to ceftazidime, but OXA-17 confers greater resistance to cefotaxime and cefepime than it does resistance to ceftazidime."}}, "ARO_name": "OXA-672", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43685", "model_name": "OXA-672", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4058": {"model_id": "4058", "ARO_accession": "3005326", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "450", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "OXA-571 is a beta-lactamase in the OXA-60 family of OXA beta-lactamases that confers resistance to ampicillin and cephalothin.", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6425": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGTTCTCTCGTTGGTCGAAACCTTTCGTGCTTGCCGCCACGGTGTGCGCCATGGCGATGAGCGCCGCCACTGCCCACGCCGAGCTCATCGTGCGCAACGATCTCAAGCGCGTGTTCGACGAGGCCGGCGTCTCCGGCACCTTCGTGCTGATGGATATCAGCGCCGACCGCACCTACGTCGTTGACCCGGCCCGCGCCGCGCGGCGTATCCATCCGGCCTCAACTTTCAAGATCCCGAACAGCCTCATCGCCTTCGACACGGGCGCAGTGCGTGACGATCATGAAGTGCTGCCATACGGCGGCAAGCCGCAGCCCTACAAGCAGTGGGAGCACGACATGGCGCTGCCCGAGGCGATCCGCCTGTCGGCCGTGCCGATCTACCAGGAAGTGGCGCGCCGCGTCGGCCTTGAGCGCATGCAGGCGTATGTCGATGCGTTCGACTATGGCAATCGCCAGCTTGGCAGCGTGATCGACCAGTTCTGGCTGCGCGGTCCGCTCGAAATCTCGGCGTTTGAAGAGGCGCGCTTCACCAGCCGCATGGCGCTCAAGCAGCTGCCGGTGAAGCCGCGCACGTGGGACATGGTCCATCGCATGCTGCTGATCGAGCAGCAAGGCGATGCCGCGCTGTACGCCAAGACCGGCGTCGCCACGGAATACCAGCCGGAGATCGGCTGGTGGGTCGGTTGGGTCGAGCGTGCCGGGCGCGTCTATGCCTTTGCGCTGAACATCGACATGCCGCGCGAGGGCGACATGGCCAAGCGCATTCCGCTGGGCAAGCAGTTGATGCAGGCGCTGGAGGTGTGGCCGGCACCCTGA", "fmax": "816", "accession": "NG_056180", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Ralstonia mannitolilytica", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "105219", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "42837"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_102607463.1", "sequence": "MFSRWSKPFVLAATVCAMAMSAATAHAELIVRNDLKRVFDEAGVSGTFVLMDISADRTYVVDPARAARRIHPASTFKIPNSLIAFDTGAVRDDHEVLPYGGKPQPYKQWEHDMALPEAIRLSAVPIYQEVARRVGLERMQAYVDAFDYGNRQLGSVIDQFWLRGPLEISAFEEARFTSRMALKQLPVKPRTWDMVHRMLLIEQQGDAALYAKTGVATEYQPEIGWWVGWVERAGRVYAFALNIDMPREGDMAKRIPLGKQLMQALEVWPAP"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "36026": {"category_aro_name": "OXA beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36026", "category_aro_accession": "3000017", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "OXA beta-lactamases were long recognized as a less common but also plasmid-mediated beta-lactamase variety that could hydrolyze oxacillin and related anti-staphylococcal penicillins. These beta-lactamases differ from the TEM and SHV enzymes in that they belong to molecular class D and functional group 2d. The OXA-type beta-lactamases confer resistance to ampicillin and cephalothin and are characterized by their high hydrolytic activity against oxacillin and cloxacillin and the fact that they are poorly inhibited by clavulanic acid. Amino acid substitutions in OXA enzymes can also give the ESBL phenotype. The OXA beta-lactamase family was originally created as a phenotypic rather than a genotypic group for a few beta-lactamases that had a specific hydrolysis profile. Therefore, there is as little as 20% sequence homology among some of the members of this family. However, recent additions to this family show some degree of homology to one or more of the existing members of the OXA beta-lactamase family. Some confer resistance predominantly to ceftazidime, but OXA-17 confers greater resistance to cefotaxime and cefepime than it does resistance to ceftazidime."}}, "ARO_name": "OXA-571", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43684", "model_name": "OXA-571", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4101": {"model_id": "4101", "ARO_accession": "3005368", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "550", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "Carbapenem-hydrolyzing class A beta-lactamase kpc-36 [Klebsiella pneumoniae] Accession: WP_114699267.1", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6475": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGTCACTGTATCGCCGTCTAGTTCTGCTGTCTTGTCTCTCATGGCCGCTGGCTGGCTTTTCTGCCACCGCGCTGACCAACCTCGTCGCGGAACCATTCGCTAAACTCGAACAGGACTTTGGCGGCTCCATCGGTGTGTACGCGATGGATACCGGCTCAGGCGCAACTGTAAGTTACCGCGCTGAGGAGCGCTTCCCACTGTGCAGCTCATTCAAGGGCTTTCTTGCTGCCGCTGTGCTGGCTCGCAGCCAGCAGCAGGCCGGCTTGCTGGACACACCCATCCGTTACGGCAAAAATGCGCTGGTTCCGTGGTCACCCATCTCGGAAAAATATCTGACAACAGGCATGACGGTGGCGGAGCTGTCCGCGGCCGCCGTGCAATACAGTGATAACGCCGCCGCCAATTTGTTGCTGAAGGAGTTGGGCGGCCCGGCCGGGCTGACGGCCTTCATGCGCTCTATCGGCGATACCACGTTCCGTCTGGAACGCTGGGAGCTGGAGCTGAACTCCGCCATCCCAGGCGATGCGCGCGATACCTCATCGCCGCGCGCCGTGACGGAAAGCTTACAAAAACTGACACTGGGCTCTGCACTGGCTGCGCCGCAGCGGCAGCAGTTTGTTGATTGGCTAAAGGGAAACACGACCGGCAACCACCGCATCCGCGCGGCGGTGCCGGCAGACTGGGCAGTCGGAGACAAAACCGGAACCTGCGGAGTGTATGGCACGGCAAATGACTATGCCGTCGTCTGGCCCACTGGGCGCGCACCTATTGTGTTGGCCGTCTACACCCGGGCGCCTAACAAGGATGACAAGTACAGCGAGGCCGTCATCGCCGCTGCGGCTAGACTCGCGCTCGAGGGATTGGGCGTCAACGGGCAGTAA", "fmax": "882", "accession": "MH593787.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Klebsiella pneumoniae", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "573", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "35915"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "AXC08545.1", "sequence": "MSLYRRLVLLSCLSWPLAGFSATALTNLVAEPFAKLEQDFGGSIGVYAMDTGSGATVSYRAEERFPLCSSFKGFLAAAVLARSQQQAGLLDTPIRYGKNALVPWSPISEKYLTTGMTVAELSAAAVQYSDNAAANLLLKELGGPAGLTAFMRSIGDTTFRLERWELELNSAIPGDARDTSSPRAVTESLQKLTLGSALAAPQRQQFVDWLKGNTTGNHRIRAAVPADWAVGDKTGTCGVYGTANDYAVVWPTGRAPIVLAVYTRAPNKDDKYSEAVIAAAARLALEGLGVNGQ"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "35923": {"category_aro_name": "monobactam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35923", "category_aro_accession": "0000004", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Monobactams are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Unlike penams and cephems, monobactams do not have any ring fused to its four-member lactam structure. Monobactam antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36198": {"category_aro_name": "KPC beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36198", "category_aro_accession": "3000059", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenem resistant (KPC) beta-lactamases are notorious for their ability to efficiently hydrolyze carbapenems, unlike other Ambler Class A beta-lactamases.  There are currently 9 variants reported worldwide.  These enzymes were first isolated from Klebsiella pneumoniae strains in 2001 in the United States.  Hospital outbreaks have since been reported in Greece and Israel and KPC carrying strains are now endemic to New York facilities.  KPC-1 and KPC-2 have been shown to be identical and are now referred to as KPC-2."}}, "ARO_name": "KPC-36", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43728", "model_name": "KPC-36", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4100": {"model_id": "4100", "ARO_accession": "3005367", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "550", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "Carbapenem-hydrolyzing class A beta-lactamase kpc-35 [Klebsiella pneumoniae] Accession: WP_111273852.1", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6474": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGTCACTGTATCGCCGTCTAGTTCTGCTGTCTTGTCTCTCATGGCCGCTGGCTGGCTTTTCTGCCACCGCGCTGACCAACCTCGTCGCGGAACCATTCGCTAAACTCGAACAGGACTTTGGCGGCTCCATCGGTGTGTACGCGATGGATACCGGCTCAGGCGCAACTGTAAGTTACCGCGCTGAGGAGCGCTTCCCACTGTGCAGCTCATTCAAGGGCTTTCTTGCTGCCGCTGTGCTGGCTCGCAGCCAGCAGCAGGCCGGCTTGCTGGACACACCCATCCGTTACGGCAAAAATGCGCTGGTTCCGTGGTCACCCATCTCGGAAAAATATCTGACAACAGGCATGACGGTGGCGGAGCTGTCCGCGGCCGCCGTGCAATACAGTGATAACGCCGCCGCCAATTTGTTGCTGAAGGAGTTGGGCGGCCCGGCCGGGCTGACGGCCTTCATGCGCTCTATCGGCGATACCACGTTCCGTCTGGACCGCTGGGAGCTGGAGCCGAACTCCGCCATCCCAGGCGATGCGCGCGATACCTCATCGCCGCGCGCCGTGACGGAAAGCTTACAAAAACTGACACTGGGCTCTGCACTGGCTGCGCCGCAGCGGCAGCAGTTTGTTGATTGGCTAAAGGGAAACACGACCGGCAACCACCGCATCCGCGCGGCGGTGCCGGCAGACTGGGCAGTCGGAGACAAAACCGGAACCTGCGGAGTGTATGGCACGGCAAATGACTATGCCGTCGTCTGGCCCACTGGGCGCGCACCTATTGTGTTGGCCGTCTACACCCGGGCGCCTAACAAGGATGACAAGCACAGCGAGGCCGTCATCGCCGCTGCGGCTAGACTCGCGCTCGAGGGATTGGGCGTCAACGGGCAGTAA", "fmax": "882", "accession": "MH404098.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Klebsiella pneumoniae", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "573", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "35915"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "AWR93230.1", "sequence": "MSLYRRLVLLSCLSWPLAGFSATALTNLVAEPFAKLEQDFGGSIGVYAMDTGSGATVSYRAEERFPLCSSFKGFLAAAVLARSQQQAGLLDTPIRYGKNALVPWSPISEKYLTTGMTVAELSAAAVQYSDNAAANLLLKELGGPAGLTAFMRSIGDTTFRLDRWELEPNSAIPGDARDTSSPRAVTESLQKLTLGSALAAPQRQQFVDWLKGNTTGNHRIRAAVPADWAVGDKTGTCGVYGTANDYAVVWPTGRAPIVLAVYTRAPNKDDKHSEAVIAAAARLALEGLGVNGQ"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "35923": {"category_aro_name": "monobactam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35923", "category_aro_accession": "0000004", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Monobactams are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Unlike penams and cephems, monobactams do not have any ring fused to its four-member lactam structure. Monobactam antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36198": {"category_aro_name": "KPC beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36198", "category_aro_accession": "3000059", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenem resistant (KPC) beta-lactamases are notorious for their ability to efficiently hydrolyze carbapenems, unlike other Ambler Class A beta-lactamases.  There are currently 9 variants reported worldwide.  These enzymes were first isolated from Klebsiella pneumoniae strains in 2001 in the United States.  Hospital outbreaks have since been reported in Greece and Israel and KPC carrying strains are now endemic to New York facilities.  KPC-1 and KPC-2 have been shown to be identical and are now referred to as KPC-2."}}, "ARO_name": "KPC-35", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43727", "model_name": "KPC-35", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4103": {"model_id": "4103", "ARO_accession": "3005370", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "550", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "Carbapenem-hydrolyzing class A beta-lactamase kpc-38 [Klebsiella pneumoniae] Accession: WP_123002101.1", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6477": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGTCACTGTATCGCCGTCTAGTTCTGCTGTCTTGTCTCTCATGGCCGCTGGCTGGCTTTTCTGCCACCGCGCTGACCAACCTCGTCGCGGAACCATTCGCTAAACTCGAACAGGACTTTGGCGGCTCCATCGGTGTGTACGCGATGGATACCGGCTCAGGCGCAACTGTAAGTTACCGCGCTGAGGAGCGCTTCCCACTGTGCAGCTCATTCAAGGGCTTTCTTGCTGCCGCTGTGCTGGCTCGCAGCCAGCAGCAGGCCGGCTTGCTGGACACACCCATCCGTTACGGCAAAAATGCGCTGGTTCCGTGGTCACCCATCTCGGAAAAATATCTGACAACAGGCATGACGGTGGCGGAGCTGTCCGCGGCCGCCGTGCAATACAGTGATAACGCCGCCGCCAATTTGTTGCTGAAGGAGTTGGGCGGCCCGGCCGGGCTGACGGCCTTCATGCGCTCTATCGGCGATACCACGTTCCGTCTGGACCGCTGGGAGCTGGAGCTGAACTCCGCCATCCCAGGCGATGCGCGCGATACCTCATCGCCGCGCGCCGTGACGGAAAGCTTACAAAAACTGACACTGGGCTCTGCACTGGCTGCGCCGCAGCGGCAGCAGTTTGTTGATTGGCTAAAGGGAAACACGACCGGCAACCACCGCATCCGCGCGGCGGTGCCGGCAGACTGGGCAGTCGGAGACAAAACCGGAACCTGCGGAGTGTATGGCACGGCAAATGACTATGCCGTCGTCTGGCCCACTGGGCGCGCACCTATTGTGTTGGCCGTCTACACCCGGGCGCCTAACAAGGATGACAAGTACAGCGAGGCCGTCATCGCCGCTGCGGCTAGACTCGCGCTCGAGGGATTGGGCGCCAACGGGCAGTAA", "fmax": "882", "accession": "MK098861.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Klebsiella pneumoniae", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "573", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "35915"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "AYP70144.1", "sequence": "MSLYRRLVLLSCLSWPLAGFSATALTNLVAEPFAKLEQDFGGSIGVYAMDTGSGATVSYRAEERFPLCSSFKGFLAAAVLARSQQQAGLLDTPIRYGKNALVPWSPISEKYLTTGMTVAELSAAAVQYSDNAAANLLLKELGGPAGLTAFMRSIGDTTFRLDRWELELNSAIPGDARDTSSPRAVTESLQKLTLGSALAAPQRQQFVDWLKGNTTGNHRIRAAVPADWAVGDKTGTCGVYGTANDYAVVWPTGRAPIVLAVYTRAPNKDDKYSEAVIAAAARLALEGLGANGQ"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "35923": {"category_aro_name": "monobactam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35923", "category_aro_accession": "0000004", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Monobactams are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Unlike penams and cephems, monobactams do not have any ring fused to its four-member lactam structure. Monobactam antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36198": {"category_aro_name": "KPC beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36198", "category_aro_accession": "3000059", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenem resistant (KPC) beta-lactamases are notorious for their ability to efficiently hydrolyze carbapenems, unlike other Ambler Class A beta-lactamases.  There are currently 9 variants reported worldwide.  These enzymes were first isolated from Klebsiella pneumoniae strains in 2001 in the United States.  Hospital outbreaks have since been reported in Greece and Israel and KPC carrying strains are now endemic to New York facilities.  KPC-1 and KPC-2 have been shown to be identical and are now referred to as KPC-2."}}, "ARO_name": "KPC-38", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43730", "model_name": "KPC-38", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4102": {"model_id": "4102", "ARO_accession": "3005369", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "550", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "Carbapenem-hydrolyzing class A beta-lactamase kpc-37 [Klebsiella pneumoniae] Accession: WP_116786832.1", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6476": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGTCACTGTATCGCCGTCTAGTTCTGCTGTCTTGTCTCTCATGGCCGCTGGCTGGCTTTTCTGCCACCGCGCTGACCAACCTCGTCGCGGAACCATTCGCTAAACTCGAACAGGACTTTGGCGGCTCCATCGGTGTGTACGCGATGGATACCGGCTCAGGCGCAACTGTAAGTTACCGCGCTGAGGAGCGCTTCCCACTGTGCAGCTCATTCAAGGGCTTTCTTGCTGCCGCTGTGCTGGCTCGCAGCCAGCAGCAGGCCGGCTTGCTGGACACACCCATCCGTTACGGCAAAAATGCGCTGGTTCCGTGGTCACCCATCTCGGAAAAATATCTGACAACAGGCATGACGGTGGCGGAGCTGTCCGCGGCCGCCGTGCAATACAGTGATAACGCCGCCGCCAATTTGTTGCTGAAGGAGTTGGGCGGCCCGGCCGGGCTGACGGCCTTCATGCGCTCTATCGGCGATACCACGTTCCGTCTGGACCGCCGGGAGCTGGAGCTGAACTCCGCCATCCCAGGCGATGCGCGCGATACCTCATCGCCGCGCGCCGTGACGGAAAGCTTACAAAAACTGACACTGGGCTCTGCACTGGCTGCGCCGCAGCGGCAGCAGCTTGTTGATTGGCTAAAGGGAAACACGACCGGCAACCACCGCATCCGCGCGGCGGTGCCGGCAGACTGGGCAGTCGGAGACAAAACCGGAACCTGCGGAGTGTATGGCACGGCAAATGACTATGCCGTCGTCTGGCCCACTGGGCGCGCACCTATTGTGTTGGCCGTCTACACCCGGGCGCCTAACAAGGATGACAAGCACAGCGAGGCCGTCATCGCCGCTGCGGCTAGACTCGCGCTCGAGGGATTGGGCGTCAACGGGCAGTAA", "fmax": "882", "accession": "MH718730.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Klebsiella pneumoniae", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "573", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "35915"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "AXL13972.1", "sequence": "MSLYRRLVLLSCLSWPLAGFSATALTNLVAEPFAKLEQDFGGSIGVYAMDTGSGATVSYRAEERFPLCSSFKGFLAAAVLARSQQQAGLLDTPIRYGKNALVPWSPISEKYLTTGMTVAELSAAAVQYSDNAAANLLLKELGGPAGLTAFMRSIGDTTFRLDRRELELNSAIPGDARDTSSPRAVTESLQKLTLGSALAAPQRQQLVDWLKGNTTGNHRIRAAVPADWAVGDKTGTCGVYGTANDYAVVWPTGRAPIVLAVYTRAPNKDDKHSEAVIAAAARLALEGLGVNGQ"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "35923": {"category_aro_name": "monobactam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35923", "category_aro_accession": "0000004", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Monobactams are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Unlike penams and cephems, monobactams do not have any ring fused to its four-member lactam structure. Monobactam antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36198": {"category_aro_name": "KPC beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36198", "category_aro_accession": "3000059", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenem resistant (KPC) beta-lactamases are notorious for their ability to efficiently hydrolyze carbapenems, unlike other Ambler Class A beta-lactamases.  There are currently 9 variants reported worldwide.  These enzymes were first isolated from Klebsiella pneumoniae strains in 2001 in the United States.  Hospital outbreaks have since been reported in Greece and Israel and KPC carrying strains are now endemic to New York facilities.  KPC-1 and KPC-2 have been shown to be identical and are now referred to as KPC-2."}}, "ARO_name": "KPC-37", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43729", "model_name": "KPC-37", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4105": {"model_id": "4105", "ARO_accession": "3005372", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "550", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "Inhibitor-resistant carbapenem-hydrolyzing class A beta-lactamase kpc-40 [Enterobacter hormaechei] Accession: WP_115470049.1", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6479": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGTCACTGTATCGCCGTCTAGTTCTGCTGTCTTGTCTCTCATGGCCGCTGGCTGGCTTTTCTGCCACCGCGCTGACCAACCTCGTCGCGGAACCATTCGCTAAACTCGAACAGGACTTTGGCGGCTCCATCGGTGTGTACGCGATGGATACCGGCTCAGGCGCAACTGTAAGTTACCGCGCTGAGGAGCGCTTCCCACTGTGCAGCTCATTCAAGGGCTTTCTTGCTGCCGCTGTGCTGGCTCGCAGCCAGCAGCAGGCCGGCTTGCTGGACACACCCATCCGTTACGGCAAAAATGCGCTGGTTCCGTGGTCACCCATCTCGGAAAAATATCTGACAACAGGCATGACGGTGGCGGAGCTGTCCGCGGCCGCCGTGCAATACAGTGATAACGCCGCCGCCAATTTGTTGCTGAAGGAGTTGGGCGGCCCGGCCGGGCTGACGGCCTTCATGCGCTCTATCGGCGATACCACGTTCCGTCTGGACCGCTGGGAGCTGGAGCTGGAGCTGAACTCCGCCATCCCAGGCGATGCGCGCGATACCTCATCGCCGCGCGCCGTGACGGAAAGCTTACAAAAACTGACACTGGGCTCTGCACTGGCTGCGCCGCAGCGGCAGCAGTTTGTTGATTGGCTAAAGGGAAACACGACCGGCAACCACCGCATCCGCGCGGCGGTGCCGGCAGACTGGGCAGTCGGAGACAAAACCGGAACCTGCGGAGTGTATGGCTCGGCAAATGACTATGCCGTCGTCTGGCCCACTGGGCGCGCACCTATTGTGTTGGCCGTCTACACCCGGGCGCCTAACAAGGATGACAAGTACAGCGAGGCCGTCATCGCCGCTGCGGCTAGACTCGCGCTCGAGGGATTGGGCGTCAACGGGCAGTAA", "fmax": "7109", "accession": "QRBR01000058.1", "fmin": "6221", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Enterobacter hormaechei", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "158836", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "39098"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "RDT05676.1", "sequence": "MSLYRRLVLLSCLSWPLAGFSATALTNLVAEPFAKLEQDFGGSIGVYAMDTGSGATVSYRAEERFPLCSSFKGFLAAAVLARSQQQAGLLDTPIRYGKNALVPWSPISEKYLTTGMTVAELSAAAVQYSDNAAANLLLKELGGPAGLTAFMRSIGDTTFRLDRWELELELNSAIPGDARDTSSPRAVTESLQKLTLGSALAAPQRQQFVDWLKGNTTGNHRIRAAVPADWAVGDKTGTCGVYGSANDYAVVWPTGRAPIVLAVYTRAPNKDDKYSEAVIAAAARLALEGLGVNGQ"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "35923": {"category_aro_name": "monobactam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35923", "category_aro_accession": "0000004", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Monobactams are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Unlike penams and cephems, monobactams do not have any ring fused to its four-member lactam structure. Monobactam antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36198": {"category_aro_name": "KPC beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36198", "category_aro_accession": "3000059", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenem resistant (KPC) beta-lactamases are notorious for their ability to efficiently hydrolyze carbapenems, unlike other Ambler Class A beta-lactamases.  There are currently 9 variants reported worldwide.  These enzymes were first isolated from Klebsiella pneumoniae strains in 2001 in the United States.  Hospital outbreaks have since been reported in Greece and Israel and KPC carrying strains are now endemic to New York facilities.  KPC-1 and KPC-2 have been shown to be identical and are now referred to as KPC-2."}}, "ARO_name": "KPC-40", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43732", "model_name": "KPC-40", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4104": {"model_id": "4104", "ARO_accession": "3005371", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "550", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "Carbapenem-hydrolyzing class A beta-lactamase kpc-39 [Klebsiella pneumoniae] Accession: WP_128268237.1", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6478": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGTCACTGTATCGCCGTCTAGTTCTGCTGTCTTGTCTCTCATGGCCGCTGGCTGGCTTTTCTGCCACCGCGCTGACCAACCTCGTCGCGGAACCATTCGCTAAACTCGAACAGGACTTTGGCGGCTCCATCGGTGTGTACGCGATGGATACCGGCTCAGGCGCAACTGTAAGTTACCGCGCTGAGGAGCGCTTCCCACTGTGCAGCTCATTCAAGGGCTTTCTTGCTGCCGCTGTGCTGGCTCGCAGCCAGCAGCAGGCCGGCTTGCTGGACACACCCATCCGTTACGGCAAAAATGCGCTGGTTCCGTGGTCACCCATCTCGGAAAAATATCTGACAACAGGCATGACGGTGGCGGAGCTGTCCGCGGCCGCCGTGCAATACAGTGATAACGCCGCCGCCAATTTGTTGCTGAAGGAGTTGGGCGGCCCGGCCGGGCTGACGGCCTTCATGCGCTCTATCGGCGATACCACGTTCCGTCTGGACCGCTGGGAGCTGGAGCTGAACTCCACCATCCCAGGCGATGCGCGCGATACCTCATCGCCGCGCGCCGTGACGGAAAGCTTACAAAAACTGACACTGGGCTCTGCACTGGCTGCGCCGCAGCGGCAGCAGTTTGTTGATTGGCTAAAGGGAAACACGACCGGCAACCACCGCATCCGCGCGGCGGTGCCGGCAGACTGGGCAGTCGGAGACAAAACCGGAACCTGCGGAGTGTATGGCACGGCAAATGACTATGCCGTCGTCTGGCCCACTGGGCGCGCACCTATTGTGTTGGCCGTCTACACCCGGGCGCCTAACAAGGATGACAAGTACAGCGAGGCCGTCATCGCCGCTGCGGCTAGACTCGCGCTCGAGGGATTGGGCGTCAACGGGCAGTAA", "fmax": "882", "accession": "MK118771.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Klebsiella pneumoniae", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "573", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "35915"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "AYR04937.1", "sequence": "MSLYRRLVLLSCLSWPLAGFSATALTNLVAEPFAKLEQDFGGSIGVYAMDTGSGATVSYRAEERFPLCSSFKGFLAAAVLARSQQQAGLLDTPIRYGKNALVPWSPISEKYLTTGMTVAELSAAAVQYSDNAAANLLLKELGGPAGLTAFMRSIGDTTFRLDRWELELNSTIPGDARDTSSPRAVTESLQKLTLGSALAAPQRQQFVDWLKGNTTGNHRIRAAVPADWAVGDKTGTCGVYGTANDYAVVWPTGRAPIVLAVYTRAPNKDDKYSEAVIAAAARLALEGLGVNGQ"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "35923": {"category_aro_name": "monobactam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35923", "category_aro_accession": "0000004", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Monobactams are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Unlike penams and cephems, monobactams do not have any ring fused to its four-member lactam structure. Monobactam antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36198": {"category_aro_name": "KPC beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36198", "category_aro_accession": "3000059", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenem resistant (KPC) beta-lactamases are notorious for their ability to efficiently hydrolyze carbapenems, unlike other Ambler Class A beta-lactamases.  There are currently 9 variants reported worldwide.  These enzymes were first isolated from Klebsiella pneumoniae strains in 2001 in the United States.  Hospital outbreaks have since been reported in Greece and Israel and KPC carrying strains are now endemic to New York facilities.  KPC-1 and KPC-2 have been shown to be identical and are now referred to as KPC-2."}}, "ARO_name": "KPC-39", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43731", "model_name": "KPC-39", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4107": {"model_id": "4107", "ARO_accession": "3005374", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "550", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "Carbapenem-hydrolyzing class A beta-lactamase kpc-42 [Klebsiella pneumoniae] Accession: WP_136512070.1", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6481": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGTCACTGTATCGCCGTCTAGTTCTGCTGTCTTGTCTCTCATGGCCGCTGGCTGGCTTTTCTGCCACCGCGCTGACCAACCTCGTCGCGGAACCATTCGCTAAACTCGAACAGGACTTTGGCGGCTCCATCGGTGTGTACGCGATGGATACCGGCTCAGGCGCAACTGTAAGTTACCGCGCTGAGGAGCGCTTCCCACTGTGCAGCTCATTCAAGGGCTTTCTTGCTGCCGCTGTGCTGGCTCGCAGCCAGCAGCAGGCCGGCTTGCTGGACACACCCATCCGTTACGGCAAAAATGCGCTGGTTCCGTGGTCACCCATCTCGGAAAAATATCTGACAACAGGCATGACGGTGGCGGAGCTGTCCGCGGCCGCCGTGCAATACAGTGATAACGCCGCCGCCAATTTGTTGCTGAAGGAGTTGGGCGGCCCGGCCGGGCTGACGGCCTTCATGCGCTCTATCGGCGATACCACGTTCCGTCTGGACCGCTGGGAGCTGGAGCTGAACTCCGCCATCCCAGGCGATGCGCGCGATACCTCATCGCCGCGCGCCGTGACGGAAAGCTTACAAAAACTGACACTGGGCTCTGCACTGGCTGCGCCGCAGCGGCAGCAGTTTGTTGATTGGCTAAAGGGAAACACGACCGGCAACCACCGCATCCGCGCGGCGGTGCCGGCAGACTGGGCAGTCGGAGACAAAACCGGAACCTGCGGAGTGTATGGCACGGCAAATGACTATGCCGTCGTCTGGCCCGCTGGGCGCGCACCTATTGTGTTGGCCGTCTACACCCGGGCGCCTAACAAGGATGACAAGCACAGCGAGGCCGTCATCGCCGCTGCGGCTAGACTCGCGCTCGAGGGATTGGGCGTCAACGGGCAGTAA", "fmax": "882", "accession": "MK467612.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Klebsiella pneumoniae", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "573", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "35915"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "QBC75465.1", "sequence": "MSLYRRLVLLSCLSWPLAGFSATALTNLVAEPFAKLEQDFGGSIGVYAMDTGSGATVSYRAEERFPLCSSFKGFLAAAVLARSQQQAGLLDTPIRYGKNALVPWSPISEKYLTTGMTVAELSAAAVQYSDNAAANLLLKELGGPAGLTAFMRSIGDTTFRLDRWELELNSAIPGDARDTSSPRAVTESLQKLTLGSALAAPQRQQFVDWLKGNTTGNHRIRAAVPADWAVGDKTGTCGVYGTANDYAVVWPAGRAPIVLAVYTRAPNKDDKHSEAVIAAAARLALEGLGVNGQ"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "35923": {"category_aro_name": "monobactam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35923", "category_aro_accession": "0000004", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Monobactams are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Unlike penams and cephems, monobactams do not have any ring fused to its four-member lactam structure. Monobactam antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36198": {"category_aro_name": "KPC beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36198", "category_aro_accession": "3000059", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenem resistant (KPC) beta-lactamases are notorious for their ability to efficiently hydrolyze carbapenems, unlike other Ambler Class A beta-lactamases.  There are currently 9 variants reported worldwide.  These enzymes were first isolated from Klebsiella pneumoniae strains in 2001 in the United States.  Hospital outbreaks have since been reported in Greece and Israel and KPC carrying strains are now endemic to New York facilities.  KPC-1 and KPC-2 have been shown to be identical and are now referred to as KPC-2."}}, "ARO_name": "KPC-42", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43734", "model_name": "KPC-42", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4106": {"model_id": "4106", "ARO_accession": "3005373", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "550", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "Inhibitor-resistant carbapenem-hydrolyzing class A beta-lactamase kpc-41 [Klebsiella pneumoniae] Accession: WP_148044419.1", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6480": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGTCACTGTATCGCCGTCTAGTTCTGCTGTCTTGTCTYTCATGGCCGCTGGCTGGCTTTTCTGCCACCGCGCTGACCAACCTCGTCGCGGAACCATTCGCTAAACTCGAACAGGACTTTGGCGGCTCCATCGGTGTGTACGCGATGGATACCGGCTCAGGCGCAACTGTAAGTTACCGCGCTGAGGAGCGCTTCCCACTGTGCAGCTCATTCAAGGGCTTTCTTGCTGCCGCTGTGCTGGCTCGCAGCCAGCAGCAGGCCGGCTTGCTGGACACACCCATCCGTTACGGCAAAAATGCGCTGGTTCCGTGGTCACCCATCTCGGAAAAATATCTGACAACAGGCATGACGGTGGCGGAGCTGTCCGCGGCCGCCGTGCAATACAGTGATAACGCCGCCGCCAATTTGTTGCTGAAGGAGTTGGGCGGCCCGGCCGGGCTGACGGCCTTCATGCGCTCTATCGGCGATACCACGTTCCGTCTGGACCGCTGGGAGCTGGAGCTGAACTCCGCCATCCCAGGCGATGCGCGCGATACCTCATCGCCGCGCGCCGTGACGGAAAGCTTACAAAAACTGACACTGGGCTCTGCACTGGCTGCGCCGCAGCGGCAGCAGTTTGTTGATTGGCTAAAGGGAAACACGACCGGCAACCACCGCATCCGCGCGGCGGTGCCGGCAGACTGGGCAGTCGGAGACAAAACCGGAACCTGCGGAGTGTATGGCACGGCAAATGACTATGCCGTCGTCTGGCCCACTGGGCGCGCACCTATTGTGTTGGCCGTCTACACCCGGGCGCCTAACAAGCCTAACAAGGATGACAAGTACAGCGAGGCCGTCATCGCCGCTGCGGCTAGACTCGCGCTCGAGGGATTGGGCGTCAACGGGCAGTAA", "fmax": "891", "accession": "MK497255.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Klebsiella pneumoniae", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "573", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "35915"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "QBC36180.1", "sequence": "MSLYRRLVLLSCLSWPLAGFSATALTNLVAEPFAKLEQDFGGSIGVYAMDTGSGATVSYRAEERFPLCSSFKGFLAAAVLARSQQQAGLLDTPIRYGKNALVPWSPISEKYLTTGMTVAELSAAAVQYSDNAAANLLLKELGGPAGLTAFMRSIGDTTFRLDRWELELNSAIPGDARDTSSPRAVTESLQKLTLGSALAAPQRQQFVDWLKGNTTGNHRIRAAVPADWAVGDKTGTCGVYGTANDYAVVWPTGRAPIVLAVYTRAPNKPNKDDKYSEAVIAAAARLALEGLGVNGQ"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "35923": {"category_aro_name": "monobactam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35923", "category_aro_accession": "0000004", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Monobactams are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Unlike penams and cephems, monobactams do not have any ring fused to its four-member lactam structure. Monobactam antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36198": {"category_aro_name": "KPC beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36198", "category_aro_accession": "3000059", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenem resistant (KPC) beta-lactamases are notorious for their ability to efficiently hydrolyze carbapenems, unlike other Ambler Class A beta-lactamases.  There are currently 9 variants reported worldwide.  These enzymes were first isolated from Klebsiella pneumoniae strains in 2001 in the United States.  Hospital outbreaks have since been reported in Greece and Israel and KPC carrying strains are now endemic to New York facilities.  KPC-1 and KPC-2 have been shown to be identical and are now referred to as KPC-2."}}, "ARO_name": "KPC-41", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43733", "model_name": "KPC-41", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4109": {"model_id": "4109", "ARO_accession": "3005376", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "550", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "Carbapenem-hydrolyzing class A beta-lactamase kpc-45 [Enterobacter cloacae] Accession: WP_148044420.1", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6483": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGTCACTGTATCGCCGTCTAGTTCTGCTGTCTTGTCTCTCATGGCCGCTGGCTGGCTTTTCTGCCACCGCGCTGACCAACCTCGTCGCGGAACCATTCGCTAAACTCGAACAGGACTTTGGCGGCTCCATCGGTGTGTACGCGATGGATACCGGCTCAGGCGCAACTGTAAGTTACCGCGCTGAGGAGCGCTTCCCACTGTGCAGCTCATTCAAGGGCTTTCTTGCTGCCGCTGTGCTGGCTCGCAGCCAGCAGCAGGCCGGCTTGCTGGACAAACCCATCCGTTACGGCAAAAATGCGCTGGTTCCGTGGTCACCCATCTCGGAAAAATATCTGACAACAGGCATGACGGTGGCGGAGCTGTCCGCGGCCGCCGTGCAATACAGTGATAACGCCGCCGCCAATTTGTTGCTGAAGGAGTTGGGCGGCCCGGCCGGGCTGACGGCCTTCATGCGCTCTATCGGCGATACCACGTTCCGTCTGGACCGCTGGGAGCTGGAGCTGAACTCCGCCATCCCAGGCGATGCGCGCGATACCTCATCGCCGCGCGCCGTGACGGAAAGCTTACAAAAACTGACACTGGGCTCTGCACTGGCTGCGCCGCAGCGGCAGCAGTTTGTTGATTGGCTAAAGGGAAACACGACCGGCAACCACCGCATCCGCGCGGCGGTGCCGGCAGACTGGGCAGTCGGAGACAAAACCGGAACCTGCGGAGTGTATGGCACGGCAAATGACTATGCCGTCGTCTGGCCCACTGGGCGCGCACCTATTGTGTTGGCCGTCTACACCCGGGCGCCTAACAAGGATGACAAGCACAGCGAGGCCGTCATCGCCGCTGCGGCTAGACTCGCGCTCGAGGGATTGGGCGTCAACGGGCAGTAA", "fmax": "882", "accession": "MN104596.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Enterobacter cloacae", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "550", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "36884"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "QDM39441.1", "sequence": "MSLYRRLVLLSCLSWPLAGFSATALTNLVAEPFAKLEQDFGGSIGVYAMDTGSGATVSYRAEERFPLCSSFKGFLAAAVLARSQQQAGLLDKPIRYGKNALVPWSPISEKYLTTGMTVAELSAAAVQYSDNAAANLLLKELGGPAGLTAFMRSIGDTTFRLDRWELELNSAIPGDARDTSSPRAVTESLQKLTLGSALAAPQRQQFVDWLKGNTTGNHRIRAAVPADWAVGDKTGTCGVYGTANDYAVVWPTGRAPIVLAVYTRAPNKDDKHSEAVIAAAARLALEGLGVNGQ"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "35923": {"category_aro_name": "monobactam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35923", "category_aro_accession": "0000004", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Monobactams are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Unlike penams and cephems, monobactams do not have any ring fused to its four-member lactam structure. Monobactam antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36198": {"category_aro_name": "KPC beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36198", "category_aro_accession": "3000059", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenem resistant (KPC) beta-lactamases are notorious for their ability to efficiently hydrolyze carbapenems, unlike other Ambler Class A beta-lactamases.  There are currently 9 variants reported worldwide.  These enzymes were first isolated from Klebsiella pneumoniae strains in 2001 in the United States.  Hospital outbreaks have since been reported in Greece and Israel and KPC carrying strains are now endemic to New York facilities.  KPC-1 and KPC-2 have been shown to be identical and are now referred to as KPC-2."}}, "ARO_name": "KPC-45", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43736", "model_name": "KPC-45", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4108": {"model_id": "4108", "ARO_accession": "3005375", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "550", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "Carbapenem-hydrolyzing class A beta-lactamase kpc-43 [Klebsiella pneumoniae] Accession: WP_136512071.1", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6482": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGTCACTGTATCGCCGTCTAGTTCTGCTGTCTTGTCTCTCATGGCCGCTGGCTGGCTTTTCTGCCACCGCGCTGACCAACCTCGTCGCGGAACCATTCGCTAAACTCGAACAGGACTTTGGCGGCTCCATCGGTGTGTACGCGATGGATACCGGCTCAGGCGCAACTGTAAGTTACCGCGCTGAGGAGCGCTTCCCACTGTGCAGCTCATTCAAGGGCTTTCTTGCTGCCGCTGTGCTGGCTCGCAGCCAGCAGCAGGCCGGCTTGCTGGACACACCCATCCGTTACGGCAAAAATGCGCTGGTTCCGTGGTCACCCATCTCGGAAAAATATCTGACAACAGGCATGACGGTGGCGGAGCTGTCCGCGGCCGCCGTGCAATACAGTGATAACGCCGCCGCCAATTTGTTGCTGAAGGAGTTGGGCGGCCCGGCCGGGCTGACGGCCTTCATGCGCTCTATCGGCGATACCACGTTCCGTCTGGACCGCTGGGAGCTGGAGCTGAACTCCGCCATCCCAGGCGATGCGCGCGATACCTCATCGCCGCGCGCCGTGACGGAAAGCTTACGAAAACTGACACTGGGCTCTGCACTGGCTGCGCCGCAGCGGCAGCAGTTTGTTGATTGGCTAAAGGGAAACACGACCGGCAACCACCGCATCCGCGCGGCGGTGCCGGCAGACTGGGCAGTCGGAGACAAAACCGGAACCTGCGGAGTGTATGGCACGGCAAATGACTATGCCGTCGTCTGGCCCACTGGGCGCGCACCTATTGTGTTGGCCGTCTACACCCGGGCGCCTAACAAGGATGACAAGCACAGCGAGGCCGTCATCGCCGCTGCGGCTAGACTCGCGCTCGAGGGATTGGGCGTCAACGGGCAGTAA", "fmax": "882", "accession": "MK628511.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Klebsiella pneumoniae", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "573", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "35915"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "QBO66649.1", "sequence": "MSLYRRLVLLSCLSWPLAGFSATALTNLVAEPFAKLEQDFGGSIGVYAMDTGSGATVSYRAEERFPLCSSFKGFLAAAVLARSQQQAGLLDTPIRYGKNALVPWSPISEKYLTTGMTVAELSAAAVQYSDNAAANLLLKELGGPAGLTAFMRSIGDTTFRLDRWELELNSAIPGDARDTSSPRAVTESLRKLTLGSALAAPQRQQFVDWLKGNTTGNHRIRAAVPADWAVGDKTGTCGVYGTANDYAVVWPTGRAPIVLAVYTRAPNKDDKHSEAVIAAAARLALEGLGVNGQ"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "35923": {"category_aro_name": "monobactam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35923", "category_aro_accession": "0000004", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Monobactams are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Unlike penams and cephems, monobactams do not have any ring fused to its four-member lactam structure. Monobactam antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36198": {"category_aro_name": "KPC beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36198", "category_aro_accession": "3000059", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenem resistant (KPC) beta-lactamases are notorious for their ability to efficiently hydrolyze carbapenems, unlike other Ambler Class A beta-lactamases.  There are currently 9 variants reported worldwide.  These enzymes were first isolated from Klebsiella pneumoniae strains in 2001 in the United States.  Hospital outbreaks have since been reported in Greece and Israel and KPC carrying strains are now endemic to New York facilities.  KPC-1 and KPC-2 have been shown to be identical and are now referred to as KPC-2."}}, "ARO_name": "KPC-43", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43735", "model_name": "KPC-43", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4062": {"model_id": "4062", "ARO_accession": "3005330", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "550", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "OXA-931 is a beta-lactamase in the OXA-229 family of OXA beta-lactamases that confers resistance to ampicillin and cephalothin.", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6429": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGAAGTTTAAAATGAAAGGTTTATTTTGTATCATCCTCAGTAGTTTGGCATTTTCAGGTTGTGTTTATGATTCAAAACTACAACGCCCAGTCATATCAGAGCGAGAAACTGAGATTCCTTTATTATTTAATCAAGCACAGACTCAAGCTGTGTTTGTTACTTATGATGGGATTCATCTAAAAAGTTATGGTAATGATCTAAGCCGAGCAAAGACTGAATATATTCCTGCATCTACATTTAAGATGTTGAATGCTTTAATTGGCTTGCAAAATGCAAAAGCAACCAATACTGAAGTATTTCATTGGAATGGTGAAAAGCGCGCTTTTTCAGCATGGGAAAAAGATATGACTTTGGCAGAAGCGATGCAGGCTTCAGCTGTTCCTGTATATCAAGAGCTTGCTCGACGTATTGGCTTGGAATTGATGCGTGAAGAAGTGAAGCGTGTAGGTTTTGGCAATGCGGAGATTGGTCAGCAAGTCGATAATTTTTGGTTGGTGGGTCCTTTAAAAATCTCCCCTGAACAAGAAGTTCAATTTGCCTATCAACTGGCAATGAAGCAATTGCCTTTTGATTCAAATGTACAGCAACAAGTCAAAGATATGCTTTATATCGAGAGACGTGGTGACAGTAAACTGTATGCTAAAAGTGGTTGGGGAATGGATGTTGAACCTCAAGTGGGTTGGTATACGGGATGGGTTGAACAACCCAATGGCAAGGTGACTGCATTTGCGTTAAATATGAACATGCAAGCAGGTAATGATCCAGCTGAACGTAAACAATTAACCTTAAGTATTTTGGACAAATTGGGTCTATTTTTTTATTTAAGATAA", "fmax": "831", "accession": "NG_070786", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Acinetobacter bereziniae", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "106648", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "39090"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_190259776.1", "sequence": "MKFKMKGLFCIILSSLAFSGCVYDSKLQRPVISERETEIPLLFNQAQTQAVFVTYDGIHLKSYGNDLSRAKTEYIPASTFKMLNALIGLQNAKATNTEVFHWNGEKRAFSAWEKDMTLAEAMQASAVPVYQELARRIGLELMREEVKRVGFGNAEIGQQVDNFWLVGPLKISPEQEVQFAYQLAMKQLPFDSNVQQQVKDMLYIERRGDSKLYAKSGWGMDVEPQVGWYTGWVEQPNGKVTAFALNMNMQAGNDPAERKQLTLSILDKLGLFFYLR"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "36026": {"category_aro_name": "OXA beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36026", "category_aro_accession": "3000017", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "OXA beta-lactamases were long recognized as a less common but also plasmid-mediated beta-lactamase variety that could hydrolyze oxacillin and related anti-staphylococcal penicillins. These beta-lactamases differ from the TEM and SHV enzymes in that they belong to molecular class D and functional group 2d. The OXA-type beta-lactamases confer resistance to ampicillin and cephalothin and are characterized by their high hydrolytic activity against oxacillin and cloxacillin and the fact that they are poorly inhibited by clavulanic acid. Amino acid substitutions in OXA enzymes can also give the ESBL phenotype. The OXA beta-lactamase family was originally created as a phenotypic rather than a genotypic group for a few beta-lactamases that had a specific hydrolysis profile. Therefore, there is as little as 20% sequence homology among some of the members of this family. However, recent additions to this family show some degree of homology to one or more of the existing members of the OXA beta-lactamase family. Some confer resistance predominantly to ceftazidime, but OXA-17 confers greater resistance to cefotaxime and cefepime than it does resistance to ceftazidime."}}, "ARO_name": "OXA-931", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43689", "model_name": "OXA-931", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4063": {"model_id": "4063", "ARO_accession": "3005331", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "550", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "OXA-930 is a beta-lactamase in the OXA-229 family of OXA beta-lactamases that confers resistance to ampicillin and cephalothin.", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6430": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGAAGTTTAAAATGAAAGGTTTATTTTGTGTCATCCTCAGTAGTTTGGCATTTTCAGGTTGTGTTTATGATTCAAAACTACAACGCCCAGTCATATCAGAGCGAGAAACTGAGATTCCTTTATTATTTAATCAAGCACAGACTCAAGCTGTGTTTGTTACTTATGATGGGATTCATCTAAAAAGTTATGGTAATGATCTAAGCCGAGCAAAGACTGAATATATTCCTGCATCTACATTTAAGATGTTGAATGCTTTAATTGGCTTGCAAAATGCAAAAGCAACCAATACTGAAGTATTTCATTGGAATGGTGAAAAGCGCGCTTTTTCAGCATGGGAAAAAGATATGACTTTGGCAGAAGCGATGCAGGCTTCAGCTGTTCCCGTATATCAGGAGCTTGCTCGACGTATTGGCTTGGAATTGATGCGTGAAGAAGTGAAGCGTGTAGGTTTTGGCAATGCGGAGATTGGTCAGCAAGTCGATAATTTTTGGTTGGTGGGTCCTTTAAAAATCTCCCCTGAACAAGAAGTTCAATTTGCCTATCAACTGGCAATGAAGCAATTGCCTTTTGATTCAAATGTACAGCAACAAGTCAAAGATATGCTTTATATCGAGAGACGTGGTGACAGTAAACTGTATGCTAAAAGTGGTTGGGGAATGGATGTTGAACCTCAAGTGGGTTGGTATACGGGATGGGTTGAACAACCCGATGGCAAGGTGACTGCATTTGCGTTAAATATGAACATGCAAGCAGGTGATGATCCAGCTGAACGTAAACAATTAACCTTAAGTATTTTGGACAAATTGGGTCTATTTTTTTATTTAAGATAA", "fmax": "831", "accession": "NG_070785", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Acinetobacter bereziniae", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "106648", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "39090"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_151781119.1", "sequence": "MKFKMKGLFCVILSSLAFSGCVYDSKLQRPVISERETEIPLLFNQAQTQAVFVTYDGIHLKSYGNDLSRAKTEYIPASTFKMLNALIGLQNAKATNTEVFHWNGEKRAFSAWEKDMTLAEAMQASAVPVYQELARRIGLELMREEVKRVGFGNAEIGQQVDNFWLVGPLKISPEQEVQFAYQLAMKQLPFDSNVQQQVKDMLYIERRGDSKLYAKSGWGMDVEPQVGWYTGWVEQPDGKVTAFALNMNMQAGDDPAERKQLTLSILDKLGLFFYLR"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "36026": {"category_aro_name": "OXA beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36026", "category_aro_accession": "3000017", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "OXA beta-lactamases were long recognized as a less common but also plasmid-mediated beta-lactamase variety that could hydrolyze oxacillin and related anti-staphylococcal penicillins. These beta-lactamases differ from the TEM and SHV enzymes in that they belong to molecular class D and functional group 2d. The OXA-type beta-lactamases confer resistance to ampicillin and cephalothin and are characterized by their high hydrolytic activity against oxacillin and cloxacillin and the fact that they are poorly inhibited by clavulanic acid. Amino acid substitutions in OXA enzymes can also give the ESBL phenotype. The OXA beta-lactamase family was originally created as a phenotypic rather than a genotypic group for a few beta-lactamases that had a specific hydrolysis profile. Therefore, there is as little as 20% sequence homology among some of the members of this family. However, recent additions to this family show some degree of homology to one or more of the existing members of the OXA beta-lactamase family. Some confer resistance predominantly to ceftazidime, but OXA-17 confers greater resistance to cefotaxime and cefepime than it does resistance to ceftazidime."}}, "ARO_name": "OXA-930", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43690", "model_name": "OXA-930", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4060": {"model_id": "4060", "ARO_accession": "3005328", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "475", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "OXA-671 is a beta-lactamase in the OXA-286 family of OXA beta-lactamases that confers resistance to ampicillin and cephalothin.", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6427": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "1", "sequence": "TTTTTTTATTTGTTTTTTAAACATTATTGATGAAAATAACACTACAGAACAATGACGATAAAACACTTATAGTGACAGATTATTCTACTTTTCCAGCTTTATGATCATGTCGAAAAAATTAAAATGTCTGACGCTTTTTACAGCCATCTTTTTTGCAATTCCTATGGCTGCTTGTCAAAGTTTAAGCCAACAAAAGCAACAGCTCACGACAGAAAAAAATGATCAGCAGCAGATCTCAAGTTTATTCCAGAGCGCTCAAACCAGTGGTGTTTTGGTGATTTATGACGGCAAGAAAATTCAAAGCTATGGCAATGCGCTTGATCGTGCAGAGCAGCGTTATATTCCCGCCTCAACCTTTAAAATGTTGAATGCTTTGATCGGGATACAACATCATAAGACTGCACCAAATGAAGTGTTTAAATGGGATGGAAAAAAGCGAGCATTTAGTAGCTGGGAAAAAGATTTAACCTTAGCTGAAGCGATGCAGGCATCGGCGGTACCCGTTTATCAAGAGTTGGCAAGACGGATTGGTTTAGAACTGATGACCCGTGAAGTGAAGCGTGTAGGTTATGGTAATAAAAATATTGGGACGCAAGTGGATAATTTCTGGTTAGTTGGTCCCTTAAAAATCACTCCCGTAGAGGAAGTTCGCTTTGCCTATGCATTAGCAAAACAGAAATTACCCTTTGATCAGCCGACACAGCAACAAGTCAAAGCGATGTTATTGGTGGATCAGATCCAGGATACCAAAATCTATGCCAAAAGCGGTTGGGGAATGGATGTCAGCCCGCAAGTGGGTTGGTGGACGGGGTGGATTGAACAGCCAAATGGTAAGGTCATTGCATTCTCATTGAATATGCAAATGAGCCAGCCTGAACATGCAGATGCACGTAAAGCGATTGTGTATCAAGCCTTGCAACAGTTGGGATTGTTAGCCACTTAAATACTCAAAAAAAGACCCAGCTTTTGGGGAAAGCTGGGCTGAGAAAGGATGTTTAACTTGGGGGAGAAAACATCCTAGAGGGTTAGCGGTTTAAATTCTG", "fmax": "1043", "accession": "NG_062218", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Acinetobacter gyllenbergii", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "134534", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "42559"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_081401608.1", "sequence": "MIMSKKLKCLTLFTAIFFAIPMAACQSLSQQKQQLTTEKNDQQQISSLFQSAQTSGVLVIYDGKKIQSYGNALDRAEQRYIPASTFKMLNALIGIQHHKTAPNEVFKWDGKKRAFSSWEKDLTLAEAMQASAVPVYQELARRIGLELMTREVKRVGYGNKNIGTQVDNFWLVGPLKITPVEEVRFAYALAKQKLPFDQPTQQQVKAMLLVDQIQDTKIYAKSGWGMDVSPQVGWWTGWIEQPNGKVIAFSLNMQMSQPEHADARKAIVYQALQQLGLLAT"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "36026": {"category_aro_name": "OXA beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36026", "category_aro_accession": "3000017", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "OXA beta-lactamases were long recognized as a less common but also plasmid-mediated beta-lactamase variety that could hydrolyze oxacillin and related anti-staphylococcal penicillins. These beta-lactamases differ from the TEM and SHV enzymes in that they belong to molecular class D and functional group 2d. The OXA-type beta-lactamases confer resistance to ampicillin and cephalothin and are characterized by their high hydrolytic activity against oxacillin and cloxacillin and the fact that they are poorly inhibited by clavulanic acid. Amino acid substitutions in OXA enzymes can also give the ESBL phenotype. The OXA beta-lactamase family was originally created as a phenotypic rather than a genotypic group for a few beta-lactamases that had a specific hydrolysis profile. Therefore, there is as little as 20% sequence homology among some of the members of this family. However, recent additions to this family show some degree of homology to one or more of the existing members of the OXA beta-lactamase family. Some confer resistance predominantly to ceftazidime, but OXA-17 confers greater resistance to cefotaxime and cefepime than it does resistance to ceftazidime."}}, "ARO_name": "OXA-671", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43686", "model_name": "OXA-671", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4061": {"model_id": "4061", "ARO_accession": "3005329", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "450", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "OXA-673 is a beta-lactamase in the OXA-286 family of OXA beta-lactamases that confers resistance to ampicillin and cephalothin.", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6428": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "1", "sequence": "TTTTTTTGTCTGTTTTTTACAAAGCATTGATGAAAATAACACTACAGAACAGCCGTGATAAAACAATTATAGTGATAGATTATTCTACTTTTCCAGCTTTATGATCATGTCGAAAAAATTAACATGTCTGGCCCTGTTTACAGCCATCTTTTTTGCGATTCCCATGGCCGCTTGTCAAAGTTTTAGTCAACAAAAGCAACAGCTTTCGACACAGAAAAATGAACAGCAACAGATTTCAAGCTTATTTCAGAGTGCCCAAACCAGTGGTGTTTTGGTGATTTATGATGGCAAGAAAATTCAAAGCTATGGCAATGATCTTGATCGTGCAGAACAGCGCTATATTCCTGCCTCAACCTTTAAAATGTTAAACGCCTTGATCGGCATACAGCATCATAAGACCACACCAGATGAAGTGTTTAAATGGGATGGTAAAAAGCGGGCATTCAGCAGTTGGGAAAAAGATTTAACCTTGGCTGAAGCCATGCAGGCATCGGCGGTACCTGTCTATCAGGAATTGGCACGACGTATTGGCTTAGAACTGATGACCCGTGAAGTGAAGCGTGTAGGTTATGGCAATAAAAATATCGGGACGCAAGTTGATACTTTCTGGTTGGTTGGCCCATTAAAAATCACCCCCGTAGAAGAAGTTCGCTTTGCCTATGCATTGGCAAAACAGAAGCTGCCATTTGACCAGCCAACGCAGCAACAAGTCAAAGCGATGTTATTGGTGGATCAGATTCAGGGAACTAAAATCTATGCCAAAAGTGGTTGGGGCATGGATGTTAGCCCTCAAGTGGGGTGGTTGACAGGCTGGATTGAACAGCCAAACGGTAAGATCACTGCCTTCTCGCTCAATATGCAAATGAGTCAGCCTGAACATGCAGATGCACGCAAAGTGATTGTGTATCAAGCCTTGCAACAGTTGGGATTGTTAGCCCATTAAATACGCAAAAAAAGACCCAGCTTTTGGGGAAAGCTGGGCTGAGAAAGGATGTTTAGCTTTGGGGAGAAAACATCCTAGAGGGTTAGGGGCTTAAATTCTG", "fmax": "1043", "accession": "NG_062214", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Acinetobacter sp. CIP 110321", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "1217699", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "43688"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_016162389.1", "sequence": "MIMSKKLTCLALFTAIFFAIPMAACQSFSQQKQQLSTQKNEQQQISSLFQSAQTSGVLVIYDGKKIQSYGNDLDRAEQRYIPASTFKMLNALIGIQHHKTTPDEVFKWDGKKRAFSSWEKDLTLAEAMQASAVPVYQELARRIGLELMTREVKRVGYGNKNIGTQVDTFWLVGPLKITPVEEVRFAYALAKQKLPFDQPTQQQVKAMLLVDQIQGTKIYAKSGWGMDVSPQVGWLTGWIEQPNGKITAFSLNMQMSQPEHADARKVIVYQALQQLGLLAH"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "36026": {"category_aro_name": "OXA beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36026", "category_aro_accession": "3000017", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "OXA beta-lactamases were long recognized as a less common but also plasmid-mediated beta-lactamase variety that could hydrolyze oxacillin and related anti-staphylococcal penicillins. These beta-lactamases differ from the TEM and SHV enzymes in that they belong to molecular class D and functional group 2d. The OXA-type beta-lactamases confer resistance to ampicillin and cephalothin and are characterized by their high hydrolytic activity against oxacillin and cloxacillin and the fact that they are poorly inhibited by clavulanic acid. Amino acid substitutions in OXA enzymes can also give the ESBL phenotype. The OXA beta-lactamase family was originally created as a phenotypic rather than a genotypic group for a few beta-lactamases that had a specific hydrolysis profile. Therefore, there is as little as 20% sequence homology among some of the members of this family. However, recent additions to this family show some degree of homology to one or more of the existing members of the OXA beta-lactamase family. Some confer resistance predominantly to ceftazidime, but OXA-17 confers greater resistance to cefotaxime and cefepime than it does resistance to ceftazidime."}}, "ARO_name": "OXA-673", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43687", "model_name": "OXA-673", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4066": {"model_id": "4066", "ARO_accession": "3005334", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "32", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "DfrA42 is a dihydrofolate reductase that confers resistant to Trimethoprim. Detected directly from NCBI and submitted without publication.", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6439": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "1", "sequence": "ATTAAAACCAAAGAGCGTGAGGATAAACGTAGGGAGGAAGAAGAAAGTAAATTCGGTATTCCCCTTGATAACGCTAAGAACTTAACTGTAGGAGATTAATATGCACAAACCAACCCCATTAAAACGGTTGTCGATGATACTTGCTCGTGACCTTAATGGTGCCATTGGTTACGAAGGTTCTTTGGCCATTAAATCGGACAATGATTTTGCGTGGTATAAGAAAATTACCAAACCATTTAAGCACGCTGTTTGTGGGCGAGTAACCTATGAGGAAGATTTGCCCGATATCGTCAAAAAACGCCACAGATTCATCATTATTACCCGTAATCCAGACAAGTACGCTAGTACTCCTGAAGCACAGTATATGACGCTCTCAGACGCGTTAAAAGAGTTACAAGTTTGGGACGTACCTGGTCACGACATTATCTGCTTAGGTGGTGCTGAAATTTACAAGGCATTATTGCCTTACGTTAGTACTGTTTACCTGACTACATTCTTTTCAGTAGCAGATGAAGCAGATACTTATTTCAATGACTTTACAGATAAATGGGAATCAGTAGGGGCCACTTGGTTTAACGACTGCTACTGCACCCGTCTGGAGCGTGTATGTCAATCTACAAACAATATTATCTAACATGTAATGATTGTGGTGCAATCTACCAAGAAATAGCAGAGGAGCTTTAGATACCACCTGCTTGTAGATTTTCAACTGTTAATACTGACCGTGCATAATA", "fmax": "734", "accession": "NG_071176", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Gammaproteobacteria", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "1236", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "40536"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_045475347.1", "sequence": "MHKPTPLKRLSMILARDLNGAIGYEGSLAIKSDNDFAWYKKITKPFKHAVCGRVTYEEDLPDIVKKRHRFIIITRNPDKYASTPEAQYMTLSDALKELQVWDVPGHDIICLGGAEIYKALLPYVSTVYLTTFFSVADEADTYFNDFTDKWESVGATWFNDCYCTRLERVCQSTNNII"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36327": {"category_aro_name": "trimethoprim", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36327", "category_aro_accession": "3000188", "category_aro_class_name": "Antibiotic", "category_aro_description": "Trimethoprim is a synthetic 5-(3,4,5- trimethoxybenzyl) pyrimidine inhibitor of dihydrofolate reductase, inhibiting synthesis of tetrahydrofolic acid. Tetrahydrofolic acid is an essential precursor in the de novo synthesis of the DNA nucleotide thymidine. Trimethoprim is a bacteriostatic antibiotic mainly used in the prophylaxis and treatment of urinary tract infections in combination with sulfamethoxazole, a sulfonamide antibiotic."}, "36310": {"category_aro_name": "diaminopyrimidine antibiotic", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36310", "category_aro_accession": "3000171", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Diaminopyrimidines are a class of organic compounds containing a pyrimidine ring substituted by two amine groups.  They are inhibitors of dihydrofolate reductase, an enzyme critical for DNA synthesis."}, "37617": {"category_aro_name": "trimethoprim resistant dihydrofolate reductase dfr", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "37617", "category_aro_accession": "3001218", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "Alternative dihydropteroate synthase dfr present on plasmids produces alternate proteins that are less sensitive to trimethoprim from inhibiting its role in folate synthesis, thus conferring trimethoprim resistance."}, "35998": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic target replacement", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35998", "category_aro_accession": "0001002", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Replacement or substitution of antibiotic action target, which process will result in antibiotic resistance."}}, "ARO_name": "Trimethoprim-resistant dihydrofolate reductase DfrA42", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43693", "model_name": "Trimethoprim-resistant dihydrofolate reductase DfrA42", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4067": {"model_id": "4067", "ARO_accession": "3005335", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "450", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "OXA-496 is a beta-lactamase in the OXA-134 family of OXA beta-lactamases that confers resistance to ampicillin and cephalothin.", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6440": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGAAAATTCTGATTTTTCTGCCTTTACTGAGTTGCTTGAGCCTGACAGCGTGTAGCCTGCCCGTTTCATCTTCCCCATCTCAGATCACTTCAACTCAATCTACCCAAACCATTGCCCAATTATTTGATCAGGCGCAAAGCTCTGGCGTTTTAGGGATTCAGCGTGGTCAACAGATACAGGTCTATGGTAATGATTTAAGTCGTGCAAATACCGAATATGTTCCTGCTTCTACTTTTAAAATGCTCAATGCCCTGATTGGCCTGCAACATGGCAAAGCTACAACCAATGAAATTTTTAAATGGGATGGCAAGAAACGCAGTTTTTCAGCTTGGGAAAAAGACATGACTCTCGGCCAAGCCATGCAAGCGTCTGCTGTACCCGTTTATCAGGAACTGGCACGTCGTATTGGCCTTGAACTGATGCAACAGGAAGTACAACGCATCCAATTTGGTAATCAGCAGATTGGTCAACAGGTCGATAACTTCTGGTTGGTAGGCCCTTTGAAAGTTACTCCAAAACAGGAAGTCCAATTTGTTTCTGTGTTGGCCCGAGAGCAACTGGCCTTTGATCCTCAAGTCCAGCAACAAGTCAAAGCCATGTTATTTTTACAGGAGCGGAAAGCTTATCGACTATATGTCAAATCCGGTTGGGGCATGGATGTGGAACCGCAAGTCGGCTGGCTCACCGGCTGGGTTGAAACACCGCAGGCTGAAATCGTGGCATTTTCACTCAATATGCAGATGCAAAATGGTATAGATCCGGCGATCCGCCTTGAAATTTTGCAGCAGGCTTTGGGCGAATTAGGGCTTTACCCAAAAGTGGGGCAGCAAAGCAAATAG", "fmax": "840", "accession": "NG_050781", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Acinetobacter lwoffii", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "28090", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "36948"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_064483990.1", "sequence": "MKILIFLPLLSCLSLTACSLPVSSSPSQITSTQSTQTIAQLFDQAQSSGVLGIQRGQQIQVYGNDLSRANTEYVPASTFKMLNALIGLQHGKATTNEIFKWDGKKRSFSAWEKDMTLGQAMQASAVPVYQELARRIGLELMQQEVQRIQFGNQQIGQQVDNFWLVGPLKVTPKQEVQFVSVLAREQLAFDPQVQQQVKAMLFLQERKAYRLYVKSGWGMDVEPQVGWLTGWVETPQAEIVAFSLNMQMQNGIDPAIRLEILQQALGELGLYPKVGQQSK"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "36026": {"category_aro_name": "OXA beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36026", "category_aro_accession": "3000017", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "OXA beta-lactamases were long recognized as a less common but also plasmid-mediated beta-lactamase variety that could hydrolyze oxacillin and related anti-staphylococcal penicillins. These beta-lactamases differ from the TEM and SHV enzymes in that they belong to molecular class D and functional group 2d. The OXA-type beta-lactamases confer resistance to ampicillin and cephalothin and are characterized by their high hydrolytic activity against oxacillin and cloxacillin and the fact that they are poorly inhibited by clavulanic acid. Amino acid substitutions in OXA enzymes can also give the ESBL phenotype. The OXA beta-lactamase family was originally created as a phenotypic rather than a genotypic group for a few beta-lactamases that had a specific hydrolysis profile. Therefore, there is as little as 20% sequence homology among some of the members of this family. However, recent additions to this family show some degree of homology to one or more of the existing members of the OXA beta-lactamase family. Some confer resistance predominantly to ceftazidime, but OXA-17 confers greater resistance to cefotaxime and cefepime than it does resistance to ceftazidime."}}, "ARO_name": "OXA-496", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43694", "model_name": "OXA-496", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4064": {"model_id": "4064", "ARO_accession": "3005332", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "540", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "OXA-895 is a beta-lactamase in the OXA-229 family of OXA beta-lactamases that confers resistance to ampicillin and cephalothin.", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6431": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGAAGTTTAAAATGAAAGGTTTATTTTGTGTCATCCTCAGTAGTTTGGCATTTTCAGGTTGTGTTTATGATTCAAAACTACAACGCCCAGTCATATCAGAGCGAGAAACTGAGATTCCTTTATTATTTAATCAAGCACAGACTCAAGCTGTGTTTGTTACTTATGATGGGATTCATCTAAAAAGTTATGGTAATGATCTAAGCCGAGCAAAGACTGAATATATTCCTGCATCTACATTTAAGATGTTGAATGCTTTAATTGGATTGCAAAATGGAAAAGCAACCAATACTGAAGTATTTCAGTGGAATGGTGAAAAGCGCGCTTTTTCAGCATGGGAAAAAGATATGACTTTGGCAGAAGCGATGCAGGCTTCAGCTGTTCCCGTATATCAGGAGCTTGCTCGACGTATTGGCTTGGAATTGATGCGTGAAGAAGTGAAGCGTGTAGGTTTTGGCAATGCGGAGATTGGTCAGCAAGTCGATAATTTTTGGTTGGTGGGTCCTTTAAAAATCTCCCCTGAACAAGAAGTTCAATTTGCCTATCAACTGGCAATGAAGCAATTGCCTTTTGATTCAAATGTACAGCAACAAGTCAAAGATATGCTTTATATCGAGAGACGTGGTGACAGTAAACTGTATGCTAAAAGTGGTTGGGGAATGGATGTTGAACCTCAAGTGGGTTGGTATACGGGATGGGTTGAACAACCCAATGGCAAGGTGACTGCATTTGCGTTAAATATGAACATGCAAGCAGGTGATGATCCAGCTGAACGTAAACAATTAACCTTAAGTATTTTGGACAAATTGGGTCTATTTTTTTATTTAAGATAA", "fmax": "831", "accession": "NG_067157", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Acinetobacter bereziniae", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "106648", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "39090"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_100886243.1", "sequence": "MKFKMKGLFCVILSSLAFSGCVYDSKLQRPVISERETEIPLLFNQAQTQAVFVTYDGIHLKSYGNDLSRAKTEYIPASTFKMLNALIGLQNGKATNTEVFQWNGEKRAFSAWEKDMTLAEAMQASAVPVYQELARRIGLELMREEVKRVGFGNAEIGQQVDNFWLVGPLKISPEQEVQFAYQLAMKQLPFDSNVQQQVKDMLYIERRGDSKLYAKSGWGMDVEPQVGWYTGWVEQPNGKVTAFALNMNMQAGDDPAERKQLTLSILDKLGLFFYLR"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "36026": {"category_aro_name": "OXA beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36026", "category_aro_accession": "3000017", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "OXA beta-lactamases were long recognized as a less common but also plasmid-mediated beta-lactamase variety that could hydrolyze oxacillin and related anti-staphylococcal penicillins. These beta-lactamases differ from the TEM and SHV enzymes in that they belong to molecular class D and functional group 2d. The OXA-type beta-lactamases confer resistance to ampicillin and cephalothin and are characterized by their high hydrolytic activity against oxacillin and cloxacillin and the fact that they are poorly inhibited by clavulanic acid. Amino acid substitutions in OXA enzymes can also give the ESBL phenotype. The OXA beta-lactamase family was originally created as a phenotypic rather than a genotypic group for a few beta-lactamases that had a specific hydrolysis profile. Therefore, there is as little as 20% sequence homology among some of the members of this family. However, recent additions to this family show some degree of homology to one or more of the existing members of the OXA beta-lactamase family. Some confer resistance predominantly to ceftazidime, but OXA-17 confers greater resistance to cefotaxime and cefepime than it does resistance to ceftazidime."}}, "ARO_name": "OXA-895", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43691", "model_name": "OXA-895", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4065": {"model_id": "4065", "ARO_accession": "3005333", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "500", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "OXA-641 is a beta-lactamase in the OXA-372 family of OXA beta-lactamases that confers resistance to ampicillin and cephalothin.", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6432": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGAAGCATATTTTTTTGGTCTTTCTGATTCTTTGCTCAAATTTTGCTCTCGCTGAGGACAAAGCTATTTCGGCTATTTTTTCCACAGAAGGTGTTGATGGGACCATCATTTTGAAGTCGTTGCGAGGAGATAAGACAATCACGCACAATGATGCACGCGCTTCTCGCCGATTCGCGTCAGCCTCGACTTTCAAGATATTCAACACGCTGATTGCAGTTCAAGAAAACGTGGTGAGTTTGTCGGGTACTGCATTCCGATGGGATGGAAAAACGCATGACTTCCCCGACTGGAACCGTGACCAAACACTTGAAAGCGCATTCAAAGTTTCTTGTGTGTGGTGCTATCAGGAAATCGCCAAGCAAGTGGGGGAAGAAACTTATCGACGCTATCTTGCGCTTGCAAGGTATGGTGCTCTGAGCAACGTGGCAGACAGTACAACCTTTTGGCTTGATGGCAGCTTTACGGTCAGCGCCGTCGAGCAAGTGGCTCTGTTGAAAAAAATCTATCTGCGAGAACTTCCGTTTCGCGATGACGCCTACGACGCTTTAAAGCGGGTGATGCTGGCAGAGCAGACTGACAGCTACAAGCTTTACGCAAAGACTGGCTGGGCAGGAAGAATGAACCCTCAAATTGGGTGGTACGTTGGATATGTTGAAACATCCGATGATGTATGGTTTTTTGCCATCAATTTGACCTTGAGGTCAGAAACTGACTTAGGTTTGCGCCAGCAAATAACAAAGGCTGTGCTTAGGGCTGAACGCATTATTCCCTGA", "fmax": "774", "accession": "NG_057486", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Morganella morganii", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "582", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "36917"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_109545072.1", "sequence": "MKHIFLVFLILCSNFALAEDKAISAIFSTEGVDGTIILKSLRGDKTITHNDARASRRFASASTFKIFNTLIAVQENVVSLSGTAFRWDGKTHDFPDWNRDQTLESAFKVSCVWCYQEIAKQVGEETYRRYLALARYGALSNVADSTTFWLDGSFTVSAVEQVALLKKIYLRELPFRDDAYDALKRVMLAEQTDSYKLYAKTGWAGRMNPQIGWYVGYVETSDDVWFFAINLTLRSETDLGLRQQITKAVLRAERIIP"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "36026": {"category_aro_name": "OXA beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36026", "category_aro_accession": "3000017", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "OXA beta-lactamases were long recognized as a less common but also plasmid-mediated beta-lactamase variety that could hydrolyze oxacillin and related anti-staphylococcal penicillins. These beta-lactamases differ from the TEM and SHV enzymes in that they belong to molecular class D and functional group 2d. The OXA-type beta-lactamases confer resistance to ampicillin and cephalothin and are characterized by their high hydrolytic activity against oxacillin and cloxacillin and the fact that they are poorly inhibited by clavulanic acid. Amino acid substitutions in OXA enzymes can also give the ESBL phenotype. The OXA beta-lactamase family was originally created as a phenotypic rather than a genotypic group for a few beta-lactamases that had a specific hydrolysis profile. Therefore, there is as little as 20% sequence homology among some of the members of this family. However, recent additions to this family show some degree of homology to one or more of the existing members of the OXA beta-lactamase family. Some confer resistance predominantly to ceftazidime, but OXA-17 confers greater resistance to cefotaxime and cefepime than it does resistance to ceftazidime."}}, "ARO_name": "OXA-641", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43692", "model_name": "OXA-641", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4068": {"model_id": "4068", "ARO_accession": "3005336", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "450", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "OXA-915 is a beta-lactamase in the OXA-134 family of OXA beta-lactamases that confers resistance to ampicillin and cephalothin.", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6441": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "1", "sequence": "TTTCTCAACTTGAAGGAATAAAATAAAAATTACCAAAATTTGATCGTATTTTCAGGAAAAGCTGTTTAAGTTAAATCAAACATTAAAATACCCTGAACCCATGAAAATTCTGATTTTGCTGCCTTTATTTAGTTGCTTGGGACTGACGGCGTGTAGTCTGCCCGTTTCATCCTCCCCCTCTCAGATCACTTCAACTCAATCGACTCAAGAAGCCATTGCCCAATTATTTGATCAGGCGCAAAGCGCTGGCGTTTTAGTGATTCAGCGTGGTCAGCAGATACAGGTCTATGGTAATGATTTAGGCCGTGCAGATACCGAATATGTTCCCGCCTCTACTTTTAAAATGCTCAATGCCCTGATTGGCCTGCAACATGGCAAAGCCACAACCAATGAAATTTTTAAATGGGATGGCAAGAAACGCAGCTTTACCACCTGGGAAAAAGACATGACTCTCGGCGAAGCCATGCAAGCTTCTGCTGTACCCGTGTATCAGGAACTGGCACGTCGCATTGGCCTTGAATTGATGCAACAGGAAGTGAGACGTATTCAATTCGGCAATCAGCAGATTGGTCAACAGGTCGATAACTTCTGGTTGGTAGGCCCTTTGAAAGTTACTCCAAAACAGGAAGTCCAATTTGTTTCTGCGTTGGCCCGAGAGCAACTGGCCTTTGATCCTCAAGTCCAGCAACAAGTCAAAGCCATGTTATTTTTACAGGAGCGGAAAGCTTATCGACTATATGTCAAATCCGGTTGGGGCATGGATGTGGAACCGCAAGTCGGCTGGCTCACCGGCTGGGTTGAAACACCGCAGGCTGAAATCGTGACATTTTCACTCAATATGCAGATGCAAAATGGTATAGATCCGGCGATCCGCCTTGAAATTTTGCAGCAGGCTTTGGCCGAATTAGGGCTTTATCCAAAAGCTGAAGGATGATGCAAATAAGCATGGGAAAGGCATTAAAATTAAGCTATATTTTTAAAAAATAGACATTTAAATAAAAAATATGCGTCTTCTGCTCTGTCTGCTCGTAGTG", "fmax": "1034", "accession": "NG_068224", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Acinetobacter lwoffii", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "28090", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "36948"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_168370988.1", "sequence": "MKILILLPLFSCLGLTACSLPVSSSPSQITSTQSTQEAIAQLFDQAQSAGVLVIQRGQQIQVYGNDLGRADTEYVPASTFKMLNALIGLQHGKATTNEIFKWDGKKRSFTTWEKDMTLGEAMQASAVPVYQELARRIGLELMQQEVRRIQFGNQQIGQQVDNFWLVGPLKVTPKQEVQFVSALAREQLAFDPQVQQQVKAMLFLQERKAYRLYVKSGWGMDVEPQVGWLTGWVETPQAEIVTFSLNMQMQNGIDPAIRLEILQQALAELGLYPKAEG"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "36026": {"category_aro_name": "OXA beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36026", "category_aro_accession": "3000017", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "OXA beta-lactamases were long recognized as a less common but also plasmid-mediated beta-lactamase variety that could hydrolyze oxacillin and related anti-staphylococcal penicillins. These beta-lactamases differ from the TEM and SHV enzymes in that they belong to molecular class D and functional group 2d. The OXA-type beta-lactamases confer resistance to ampicillin and cephalothin and are characterized by their high hydrolytic activity against oxacillin and cloxacillin and the fact that they are poorly inhibited by clavulanic acid. Amino acid substitutions in OXA enzymes can also give the ESBL phenotype. The OXA beta-lactamase family was originally created as a phenotypic rather than a genotypic group for a few beta-lactamases that had a specific hydrolysis profile. Therefore, there is as little as 20% sequence homology among some of the members of this family. However, recent additions to this family show some degree of homology to one or more of the existing members of the OXA beta-lactamase family. Some confer resistance predominantly to ceftazidime, but OXA-17 confers greater resistance to cefotaxime and cefepime than it does resistance to ceftazidime."}}, "ARO_name": "OXA-915", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43695", "model_name": "OXA-915", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4069": {"model_id": "4069", "ARO_accession": "3005337", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "450", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "OXA-647 is a beta-lactamase in the OXA-134 family of OXA beta-lactamases that confers resistance to ampicillin and cephalothin.", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6442": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGAAAATTTTGATTTTGCTGCCTTTACTTAGTTGCTTGGGCCTGACAGCATGTAGCCTACCCGTTTCATCTCTCCCATCTCCAAGCACTTCGACTCAAGCGATTGCCAGCTTATTTGATCAGGCGCAAAGCTCTGGTGTTTTAGTGATTCAGCGTGATCAACAAGTACAGGTCTATGGCAATGATTTAAATCGTGCAAATACCGAATATGTTCCCGCCTCTACTTTTAAAATGCTCAATGCTCTGATTGGCCTGCAACATGGCAAAGCCACAACCAATGAAATTTTTAAATGGGATGGCAAGAAACGCAGCTTTACCGCCTGGGAAAAAGACATGACTCTCGGCCAAGCCATGCAAGCTTCTGCGGTACCGGTCTATCAAGAACTGGCGCGTCGTATTGGTCTGGAATTAATGCAACAGGAAGTACAACGCATCCAATTTGGTAATCAGCAGATTGGTCAACAGGTCGATAACTTCTGGTTGGTAGGCCCTTTGAAAGTTACTCCAAAACAGGAAGTCCAATTTGTTTCTGCGTTGGCCCGAGAGCAACTGGCCTTTGATCCTCAAGTCCAGCAACAAGTCAAAGCCATGTTATTTTTACAGGAGCGGAAAGCTTATCGACTATATGTCAAATCCGGTTGGGGCATGGATGTGGAACCGCAAGTCGGCTGGCTCACCGGCTGGGTTGAAACACCGCAGGCTGAAATCGTGGCATTTTCACTCAATATGCAGATGCAAAATGGTATAGATCCGGCGATCCGCCTTGAAATTTTGCAGCAGGCTTTGGCCGAATTAGGGCTTTATCCAAAAGATGAAGGATGA", "fmax": "822", "accession": "NG_065433", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Acinetobacter lwoffii", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "28090", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "36948"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_140423315.1", "sequence": "MKILILLPLLSCLGLTACSLPVSSLPSPSTSTQAIASLFDQAQSSGVLVIQRDQQVQVYGNDLNRANTEYVPASTFKMLNALIGLQHGKATTNEIFKWDGKKRSFTAWEKDMTLGQAMQASAVPVYQELARRIGLELMQQEVQRIQFGNQQIGQQVDNFWLVGPLKVTPKQEVQFVSALAREQLAFDPQVQQQVKAMLFLQERKAYRLYVKSGWGMDVEPQVGWLTGWVETPQAEIVAFSLNMQMQNGIDPAIRLEILQQALAELGLYPKDEG"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "36026": {"category_aro_name": "OXA beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36026", "category_aro_accession": "3000017", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "OXA beta-lactamases were long recognized as a less common but also plasmid-mediated beta-lactamase variety that could hydrolyze oxacillin and related anti-staphylococcal penicillins. These beta-lactamases differ from the TEM and SHV enzymes in that they belong to molecular class D and functional group 2d. The OXA-type beta-lactamases confer resistance to ampicillin and cephalothin and are characterized by their high hydrolytic activity against oxacillin and cloxacillin and the fact that they are poorly inhibited by clavulanic acid. Amino acid substitutions in OXA enzymes can also give the ESBL phenotype. The OXA beta-lactamase family was originally created as a phenotypic rather than a genotypic group for a few beta-lactamases that had a specific hydrolysis profile. Therefore, there is as little as 20% sequence homology among some of the members of this family. However, recent additions to this family show some degree of homology to one or more of the existing members of the OXA beta-lactamase family. Some confer resistance predominantly to ceftazidime, but OXA-17 confers greater resistance to cefotaxime and cefepime than it does resistance to ceftazidime."}}, "ARO_name": "oxa-647", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43696", "model_name": "oxa-647", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4079": {"model_id": "4079", "ARO_accession": "3005347", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "296", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "DfrA37 is a dihydrofolate reductase that confers resistant to Trimethoprim. Detected directly from NCBI and submitted without publication.", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6452": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGAAACTATCTCTAATGGCAGCAATATCGAGGAATGGAGTCATCGGAAATGGACCTGATATTCCATGGAGCGCGAAAGGTGAGCAGCTTCTCTTTAAAGCTATTACATATAATCAATGGATTCTTGTTGGGCGTAAGACTTTCGAGTCAATGGGAGCGTTGCCCAATCGAAAATATGCTGTTGTAACTCGTTCAAACTTTACATCTGACAATGAGAACGTAATAGTCTTTGCATCTATTCAAGACGCTTTAAGCCAACTAGAAAATATGACAAACCACGTAATTGTTTCAGGTGGTGGGGAAATATACAAAAATCTGATCGATAAAGTCGATACATTACATATATCAACCATTGATATTGAGCCAGAAGGTGATGTTTACTTTCCAGAAATTCCCAGCAATTTTAGACCCGTTTTTATACAAGACTTCGTATCTAACATAAATTATAGTTATCAAATATGGCAAAAAGGTTAA", "fmax": "574", "accession": "NG_070720", "fmin": "100", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Rheinheimera sp. D18", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "2545632", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "43707"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_132586462.1", "sequence": "MKLSLMAAISRNGVIGNGPDIPWSAKGEQLLFKAITYNQWILVGRKTFESMGALPNRKYAVVTRSNFTSDNENVIVFASIQDALSQLENMTNHVIVSGGGEIYKNLIDKVDTLHISTIDIEPEGDVYFPEIPSNFRPVFIQDFVSNINYSYQIWQKG"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36327": {"category_aro_name": "trimethoprim", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36327", "category_aro_accession": "3000188", "category_aro_class_name": "Antibiotic", "category_aro_description": "Trimethoprim is a synthetic 5-(3,4,5- trimethoxybenzyl) pyrimidine inhibitor of dihydrofolate reductase, inhibiting synthesis of tetrahydrofolic acid. Tetrahydrofolic acid is an essential precursor in the de novo synthesis of the DNA nucleotide thymidine. Trimethoprim is a bacteriostatic antibiotic mainly used in the prophylaxis and treatment of urinary tract infections in combination with sulfamethoxazole, a sulfonamide antibiotic."}, "36310": {"category_aro_name": "diaminopyrimidine antibiotic", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36310", "category_aro_accession": "3000171", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Diaminopyrimidines are a class of organic compounds containing a pyrimidine ring substituted by two amine groups.  They are inhibitors of dihydrofolate reductase, an enzyme critical for DNA synthesis."}, "37617": {"category_aro_name": "trimethoprim resistant dihydrofolate reductase dfr", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "37617", "category_aro_accession": "3001218", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "Alternative dihydropteroate synthase dfr present on plasmids produces alternate proteins that are less sensitive to trimethoprim from inhibiting its role in folate synthesis, thus conferring trimethoprim resistance."}, "35998": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic target replacement", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35998", "category_aro_accession": "0001002", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Replacement or substitution of antibiotic action target, which process will result in antibiotic resistance."}}, "ARO_name": "DfrA37", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43706", "model_name": "DfrA37", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4078": {"model_id": "4078", "ARO_accession": "3005346", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "62", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "DfrA34 is a dihydrofolate reductase that confers resistant to Trimethoprim. Detected directly from NCBI and submitted without publication.", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6451": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGATCACAGCATGTGTAGCGATCGATAGCGATGGCGGTTTTGGTGCCCAGGGGACGCTTCCATGGGCAATACCAGAAGAATTTGCTTTTTACCAAGAGCATGTCAGGGGTGGTATCTGTATAATTGGCGGCAGATCGTTTAATGATCTAGTTCACTTATCGCTATCACCAAAGGGTGGTTTGTATAAAAAATGTCTACTCCGGACCACGCCACATATCGTAGTATCATCATCACACGAATTGGTGTACGATCCGTCGATAATGGCACTTATAGAGGCTGACAGGAGACATCTTGATCTGTACTTCGTGAACACCGTGGACGCTGCTGTTAAACTCGCAAAAGGGTTAGGTGGAATGCACGCGAATAAAGATATCCATTTCATTGGCGGTAAACGCATATATGATGCCGGTCTCGATTATTGTGACGAGGTATACACCTCAATATTACCGGCTGTGTATCTTAACTGCGACACATTCTTTCCTGTAGAAAAACTGTCGCGCATGTTTACACCAGAATTATACAAGACGATTCCTAACCAAGTTCATGCGGATATTCCTGTAATTAAATGGACCCGCAAGCGCGCATAA", "fmax": "688", "accession": "NG_062229", "fmin": "100", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Gammaproteobacteria", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "1236", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "40536"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_058652112.1", "sequence": "MITACVAIDSDGGFGAQGTLPWAIPEEFAFYQEHVRGGICIIGGRSFNDLVHLSLSPKGGLYKKCLLRTTPHIVVSSSHELVYDPSIMALIEADRRHLDLYFVNTVDAAVKLAKGLGGMHANKDIHFIGGKRIYDAGLDYCDEVYTSILPAVYLNCDTFFPVEKLSRMFTPELYKTIPNQVHADIPVIKWTRKRA"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36327": {"category_aro_name": "trimethoprim", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36327", "category_aro_accession": "3000188", "category_aro_class_name": "Antibiotic", "category_aro_description": "Trimethoprim is a synthetic 5-(3,4,5- trimethoxybenzyl) pyrimidine inhibitor of dihydrofolate reductase, inhibiting synthesis of tetrahydrofolic acid. Tetrahydrofolic acid is an essential precursor in the de novo synthesis of the DNA nucleotide thymidine. Trimethoprim is a bacteriostatic antibiotic mainly used in the prophylaxis and treatment of urinary tract infections in combination with sulfamethoxazole, a sulfonamide antibiotic."}, "36310": {"category_aro_name": "diaminopyrimidine antibiotic", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36310", "category_aro_accession": "3000171", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Diaminopyrimidines are a class of organic compounds containing a pyrimidine ring substituted by two amine groups.  They are inhibitors of dihydrofolate reductase, an enzyme critical for DNA synthesis."}, "37617": {"category_aro_name": "trimethoprim resistant dihydrofolate reductase dfr", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "37617", "category_aro_accession": "3001218", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "Alternative dihydropteroate synthase dfr present on plasmids produces alternate proteins that are less sensitive to trimethoprim from inhibiting its role in folate synthesis, thus conferring trimethoprim resistance."}, "35998": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic target replacement", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35998", "category_aro_accession": "0001002", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Replacement or substitution of antibiotic action target, which process will result in antibiotic resistance."}}, "ARO_name": "DfrA34", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43705", "model_name": "DfrA34", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4075": {"model_id": "4075", "ARO_accession": "3005343", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "510", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "OXA-499 is a beta-lactamase in the OXA-143 family of OXA beta-lactamases that confers resistance to ampicillin and cephalothin.", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6448": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGAAAAAATTTATACTTCCTATCTTCAGCATTTCTACTCTACTTTCTCTCAGTGCATGCTCATCTATTCAAAATAAATTTGAAAATACTTCTGATATTTCTGATCAGCAACATGAAAAAGCCATTAAAAGCTATTTTGATGAAGCTCAAACACAAGGTGTAATCATTATTAAAGAGGGAAAGAATATTAGAATCTATGGTAATAACCTGGTACGAGCACATACAGAATATGTCCCTGCGTCAACATTTAAGATGCTAAATGCCTTAATTGGATTAGAAAATCATAAAGCTACAACAACTGAGATTTTCAAATGGGATGGTAAAAAAAGATCTTATCCTATGTGGGAAAAAGATATGACTTTAGGTGATGCCATGGCACTTTCAGCAGTTCCTGTATATCAAGAACTTGCAAGACGGACTGGCTTAGATCTAATGCAAAAAGAAGTTAAACGGGTTGGTTTTGGTAATATGAACATCGGGACACAAGTTAATAACTTCTGGTTAGTTGGCCCCCTCAAGATTACACCAATACAAGAGGCTAATTTTGCCGATGATCTTGCGAATAATCGATTACCCTTTAAATTAGAAACTCAAGAAGAAGTAAAAAAAATGCTTCTGATTAAAGAAGTCAATGGTAGTAAAATTTATGCGAAAAGTGGATGGGGAATGGATGTGACCCCTCAAGTAGGTTGGTTAACAGGTTGGGTAGAAAAATCTAATGGCGAAAAAGTTCCCTTTTCTCTAAACCTAGAAATGAAGCAAGGAATGTCTGGTTCTATTCGTAATGAAATTACTTATAAATCATTAGAAAATTTAGGGATTATATAA", "fmax": "828", "accession": "NG_049775", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Acinetobacter pittii", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "48296", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "36787"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_063864112.1", "sequence": "MKKFILPIFSISTLLSLSACSSIQNKFENTSDISDQQHEKAIKSYFDEAQTQGVIIIKEGKNIRIYGNNLVRAHTEYVPASTFKMLNALIGLENHKATTTEIFKWDGKKRSYPMWEKDMTLGDAMALSAVPVYQELARRTGLDLMQKEVKRVGFGNMNIGTQVNNFWLVGPLKITPIQEANFADDLANNRLPFKLETQEEVKKMLLIKEVNGSKIYAKSGWGMDVTPQVGWLTGWVEKSNGEKVPFSLNLEMKQGMSGSIRNEITYKSLENLGII"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "36026": {"category_aro_name": "OXA beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36026", "category_aro_accession": "3000017", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "OXA beta-lactamases were long recognized as a less common but also plasmid-mediated beta-lactamase variety that could hydrolyze oxacillin and related anti-staphylococcal penicillins. These beta-lactamases differ from the TEM and SHV enzymes in that they belong to molecular class D and functional group 2d. The OXA-type beta-lactamases confer resistance to ampicillin and cephalothin and are characterized by their high hydrolytic activity against oxacillin and cloxacillin and the fact that they are poorly inhibited by clavulanic acid. Amino acid substitutions in OXA enzymes can also give the ESBL phenotype. The OXA beta-lactamase family was originally created as a phenotypic rather than a genotypic group for a few beta-lactamases that had a specific hydrolysis profile. Therefore, there is as little as 20% sequence homology among some of the members of this family. However, recent additions to this family show some degree of homology to one or more of the existing members of the OXA beta-lactamase family. Some confer resistance predominantly to ceftazidime, but OXA-17 confers greater resistance to cefotaxime and cefepime than it does resistance to ceftazidime."}}, "ARO_name": "OXA-499", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43702", "model_name": "OXA-499", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4074": {"model_id": "4074", "ARO_accession": "3005342", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "500", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "OXA-653 is a beta-lactamase in the OXA-24 family of OXA beta-lactamases that confers resistance to ampicillin and cephalothin.", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6447": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGAAAAAATTTATACTTCCTATATTCAGCATTTCTATTCTAGTTTCTCTCAGTGCATGTTCATCTATTAAAACTAAATCTGAAGATAATTTTCATATTTCTTCTCAGCAACATGAAAAAGCTATTAAAAGCTATTTTGATGAAGCTCAAACACAGGGTGTAATTATTATTAAAGAGGGTAAAAATCTTAGCACCTATGGTAATGCTCTTGCACGAGCAAATAAAGAATATGTCCCTGCATCAACATTTAAGATGCTAAATGCTTTAATCGGGCTAGAAAATCATAAAGCAACAACAAATGAGATTTTCAAATGGGATGGTAAAAAAAGAACTTATCCTATGTGGGAGAAAGATATGACTTTAGGTGAGGCAATGGCATTGTCAGCAGTTCCAGTATATCAAGAGCTTGCAAGACGGACTGGCCTAGAGCTAATGCAGAAAGAAGTAAAGCGGGTTAATTTTGGAAATACAAATATTGGAACACAGGTCGATAATTTTTGGTTAGTTGGCCCCCTTAAAATTACACCAGTACAAGAAGTTAATTTTGCCGATGACCTTGCACATAACCGATTACCTTTTAAATTAGAAACTCAAGAAGAAGTTAAAAAAATGCTTCTAATTAAAGAAGTAAATGGTAGTAAGATTTATGCAAAAAGTGGATGGAGAATGGATGTTACTCCACAGGTAGGTTGGTTGACTGGTTGGGTGGAGCAAGCTAATGGAAAAAAAATCCCCTTTTCGCTCAACTTAGAAATGAAAGAAGGAATGTCTGGTTCTATTCGTAATGAAATTACTTATAAGTCGCTAGAAAATCTTGGAATCATTTAA", "fmax": "828", "accession": "NG_057615", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Acinetobacter", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "469", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "37046"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_087554513.1", "sequence": "MKKFILPIFSISILVSLSACSSIKTKSEDNFHISSQQHEKAIKSYFDEAQTQGVIIIKEGKNLSTYGNALARANKEYVPASTFKMLNALIGLENHKATTNEIFKWDGKKRTYPMWEKDMTLGEAMALSAVPVYQELARRTGLELMQKEVKRVNFGNTNIGTQVDNFWLVGPLKITPVQEVNFADDLAHNRLPFKLETQEEVKKMLLIKEVNGSKIYAKSGWRMDVTPQVGWLTGWVEQANGKKIPFSLNLEMKEGMSGSIRNEITYKSLENLGII"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "36026": {"category_aro_name": "OXA beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36026", "category_aro_accession": "3000017", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "OXA beta-lactamases were long recognized as a less common but also plasmid-mediated beta-lactamase variety that could hydrolyze oxacillin and related anti-staphylococcal penicillins. These beta-lactamases differ from the TEM and SHV enzymes in that they belong to molecular class D and functional group 2d. The OXA-type beta-lactamases confer resistance to ampicillin and cephalothin and are characterized by their high hydrolytic activity against oxacillin and cloxacillin and the fact that they are poorly inhibited by clavulanic acid. Amino acid substitutions in OXA enzymes can also give the ESBL phenotype. The OXA beta-lactamase family was originally created as a phenotypic rather than a genotypic group for a few beta-lactamases that had a specific hydrolysis profile. Therefore, there is as little as 20% sequence homology among some of the members of this family. However, recent additions to this family show some degree of homology to one or more of the existing members of the OXA beta-lactamase family. Some confer resistance predominantly to ceftazidime, but OXA-17 confers greater resistance to cefotaxime and cefepime than it does resistance to ceftazidime."}}, "ARO_name": "OXA-653", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43701", "model_name": "OXA-653", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4077": {"model_id": "4077", "ARO_accession": "3005345", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "89", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "DfrA43 is a dihydrofolate reductase that confers resistance to Trimethoprim. Originially described by Shi YZ et al, 2016, and isolated from Proteus penneri.", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6450": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGCACATGAAAATGAACATAATAGTCGCCATGCACGAGGCGTCTCGAGGAATCGGCATCAATGGAGAGTTGCCCTGGAGAATTCCAGAAGATATGGCCCACTTTGCAAGAGTTACACAAAAAAGTGTTGTAATTATGGGTCGAAAGACTTGGTACTCTATTCCGCCAAAGTTTAGACCACTCAAGAATCGCTTGAATATAGTGTTGTCTCGAGACCCTGAGACACGAGCTTCTATAGTGTCTAACACCCCAGGTTGCATGGCATTTGCATCGCTTGAGTTGTGTTTACAATACTTGAGACAACTGCACCCTTCGACCATCGTTTTTGCGATTGGCGGATCTTCACTATATAAGGAGATACTGGCCATGCAAATGCTCTGTGAACGAATTTACATGACACTTGTCTCGGGCGGTCCCAAAACCCATTCATTTGACACATTCTTTCCAGAAATAGACGAGACAGTATATTCAAAGAGAATTTGTGGAGGAAGTGGAGAACATGACGACTGGAAATACAAATTCGTTATTTACGAGAGACCCACCTCAGAAAGTGTTCAATCAATTGAGACAATCAGTCAAGGACATTGA", "fmax": "688", "accession": "NG_070721", "fmin": "100", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Proteus penneri", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "102862", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "41223"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_188331861.1", "sequence": "MHMKMNIIVAMHEASRGIGINGELPWRIPEDMAHFARVTQKSVVIMGRKTWYSIPPKFRPLKNRLNIVLSRDPETRASIVSNTPGCMAFASLELCLQYLRQLHPSTIVFAIGGSSLYKEILAMQMLCERIYMTLVSGGPKTHSFDTFFPEIDETVYSKRICGGSGEHDDWKYKFVIYERPTSESVQSIETISQGH"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36327": {"category_aro_name": "trimethoprim", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36327", "category_aro_accession": "3000188", "category_aro_class_name": "Antibiotic", "category_aro_description": "Trimethoprim is a synthetic 5-(3,4,5- trimethoxybenzyl) pyrimidine inhibitor of dihydrofolate reductase, inhibiting synthesis of tetrahydrofolic acid. Tetrahydrofolic acid is an essential precursor in the de novo synthesis of the DNA nucleotide thymidine. Trimethoprim is a bacteriostatic antibiotic mainly used in the prophylaxis and treatment of urinary tract infections in combination with sulfamethoxazole, a sulfonamide antibiotic."}, "36310": {"category_aro_name": "diaminopyrimidine antibiotic", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36310", "category_aro_accession": "3000171", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Diaminopyrimidines are a class of organic compounds containing a pyrimidine ring substituted by two amine groups.  They are inhibitors of dihydrofolate reductase, an enzyme critical for DNA synthesis."}, "37617": {"category_aro_name": "trimethoprim resistant dihydrofolate reductase dfr", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "37617", "category_aro_accession": "3001218", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "Alternative dihydropteroate synthase dfr present on plasmids produces alternate proteins that are less sensitive to trimethoprim from inhibiting its role in folate synthesis, thus conferring trimethoprim resistance."}, "35998": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic target replacement", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35998", "category_aro_accession": "0001002", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Replacement or substitution of antibiotic action target, which process will result in antibiotic resistance."}}, "ARO_name": "Trimethoprim-resistant dihydrofolate reductase DfrA43", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43704", "model_name": "Trimethoprim-resistant dihydrofolate reductase DfrA43", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4076": {"model_id": "4076", "ARO_accession": "3005344", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "510", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "OXA-825 is a beta-lactamase in the OXA-143 family of OXA beta-lactamases that confers resistance to ampicillin and cephalothin.", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6449": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGAAAAAATTTATACTTCCTATCTTCAGCATTTCTACTCTACTTTCTCTCAGTGCATGCTCAACTATTCAAAATAAATTTGAAAAAACTTCTGATATTTCTGATCAGCAACATGAAAAAGCCATTAAAAGCTATTTTGATGAAGCTCAAACACAAGGTGTAATCATTATTAAAGAGGGAAAGAATATTAGAATCTATGGTAATAACCTGGTACGAGCACATACAGAATATGTCCCTGCGTCAACATTTAAGATGCTAAATGCCTTAATTGGATTAGAAAATCATAAAGCTACAACAACTGAGATTTTCAAATGGGATGGTAAAAAAAGATCTTATCCTATATGGGAAAAAGATATGACTTTAGGTGATGCCATGGCACTTTCAGCAGTTCCTGTATATCAAGAACTTGCAAGACGGACTGGCTTAGATCTAATGCAAAAAGAAGTTAAACGGGTTGGTTTTGGTAATATGAACATCGGGACACAAGTTAATAACTTCTGGTTAGTTGGCCCCCTCAAGATTACACCAATACAAGAGGCTAATTTTGTCGATGATCTTGCGAATAATCGATTACCCTTTAAATTAGAAACTCAAGAAGAAGTAAAAAAAATGCTTCTGATTAAAGAAGTCAATGGTAGTAAAATTTATGCGAAAAGTGGATGGGGAATGGATGTGACCCCTCAAGTAGGTTGGTTAACAGGTTGGGTAGAAAAATCTAATGGCGAAAAAGTTCCCTTTTCTCTAAACCTAGAAATGAAGCAAGGAATGTCTGGTTCTATTCGTAATGAAATTACTTATAAATCATTAGAAAATTTAGGGATTATATAA", "fmax": "828", "accession": "NG_065436", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Acinetobacter baumannii", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "470", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "35507"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_140423318.1", "sequence": "MKKFILPIFSISTLLSLSACSTIQNKFEKTSDISDQQHEKAIKSYFDEAQTQGVIIIKEGKNIRIYGNNLVRAHTEYVPASTFKMLNALIGLENHKATTTEIFKWDGKKRSYPIWEKDMTLGDAMALSAVPVYQELARRTGLDLMQKEVKRVGFGNMNIGTQVNNFWLVGPLKITPIQEANFVDDLANNRLPFKLETQEEVKKMLLIKEVNGSKIYAKSGWGMDVTPQVGWLTGWVEKSNGEKVPFSLNLEMKQGMSGSIRNEITYKSLENLGII"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "36026": {"category_aro_name": "OXA beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36026", "category_aro_accession": "3000017", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "OXA beta-lactamases were long recognized as a less common but also plasmid-mediated beta-lactamase variety that could hydrolyze oxacillin and related anti-staphylococcal penicillins. These beta-lactamases differ from the TEM and SHV enzymes in that they belong to molecular class D and functional group 2d. The OXA-type beta-lactamases confer resistance to ampicillin and cephalothin and are characterized by their high hydrolytic activity against oxacillin and cloxacillin and the fact that they are poorly inhibited by clavulanic acid. Amino acid substitutions in OXA enzymes can also give the ESBL phenotype. The OXA beta-lactamase family was originally created as a phenotypic rather than a genotypic group for a few beta-lactamases that had a specific hydrolysis profile. Therefore, there is as little as 20% sequence homology among some of the members of this family. However, recent additions to this family show some degree of homology to one or more of the existing members of the OXA beta-lactamase family. Some confer resistance predominantly to ceftazidime, but OXA-17 confers greater resistance to cefotaxime and cefepime than it does resistance to ceftazidime."}}, "ARO_name": "OXA-825", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43703", "model_name": "OXA-825", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4071": {"model_id": "4071", "ARO_accession": "3005339", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "450", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "OXA-646 is a beta-lactamase in the OXA-134 family of OXA beta-lactamases that confers resistance to ampicillin and cephalothin.", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6444": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGAAAATTCTGATTTTGCTACCTTTACTGAGTTGCTTGGGCCTGACAGCGTGTACCTCACCTGTTTCATCTTTCCCTTCTCAGATCACTTCAACTCAATCGACTCAAGCCATTGCCCAATTATTTGATCAGGCGCAAAGTTCTGGCGTTTTAGTGATTCAGCGTGGTCAAAAAGTACAGGTCTATGGCAATGATTTAAGCCGTGCAGGTACCGAATATGTTCCAGCCTCTACTTTCAAAATGCTCAATGCCCTGATTGGTCTACAACATGGTAAAGCCACAACCAATGAGATTTTTAAATGGGATGGCAAGAAACGCAGTTTTGCAGCCTGGGAAAAAGACATGACGCTCGGCGAAGCCATGCAAGCTTCTGCTGTACCCGTCTATCAGGAACTGGCACGTCATATTGGTTTGGAATTAATGCAGCAGGAAGTACAACGCATCCAATTTGGTAATCAGCAGATTGGTCAGCAGGTCGATAACTTCTGGTTGGTAGGTCCTTTGAAAATCACTCCAAAACAGGAAGTCGAATTTGTCTCTGCTCTAGCCCGAGAGCAACTAGCCTTTGATCCTCAAGTCCAGCAGCAAGTCAAAGCCATGTTACTTCTACAGGAACGGCAAGCTTATCGCCTGTATGCCAAATCCGGTTGGGGCATGGATGTAGAACCGCAAGTCGGCTGGCTCACCGGGTGGGTCGAAACACCGCAGGCTGAAATCGTGGCATTTTCTCTAAATATGCAAATGCAAACCAATATGAATCCAGCCATTCGCCTTGAAATTTTACAGCAGGCTCTGGGCGAATTAGGGCTTTACCCAAAAGTGGGGCAGCAAAGCAAATAG", "fmax": "840", "accession": "NG_065432", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Acinetobacter lwoffii", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "28090", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "36948"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_039902635.1", "sequence": "MKILILLPLLSCLGLTACTSPVSSFPSQITSTQSTQAIAQLFDQAQSSGVLVIQRGQKVQVYGNDLSRAGTEYVPASTFKMLNALIGLQHGKATTNEIFKWDGKKRSFAAWEKDMTLGEAMQASAVPVYQELARHIGLELMQQEVQRIQFGNQQIGQQVDNFWLVGPLKITPKQEVEFVSALAREQLAFDPQVQQQVKAMLLLQERQAYRLYAKSGWGMDVEPQVGWLTGWVETPQAEIVAFSLNMQMQTNMNPAIRLEILQQALGELGLYPKVGQQSK"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "36026": {"category_aro_name": "OXA beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36026", "category_aro_accession": "3000017", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "OXA beta-lactamases were long recognized as a less common but also plasmid-mediated beta-lactamase variety that could hydrolyze oxacillin and related anti-staphylococcal penicillins. These beta-lactamases differ from the TEM and SHV enzymes in that they belong to molecular class D and functional group 2d. The OXA-type beta-lactamases confer resistance to ampicillin and cephalothin and are characterized by their high hydrolytic activity against oxacillin and cloxacillin and the fact that they are poorly inhibited by clavulanic acid. Amino acid substitutions in OXA enzymes can also give the ESBL phenotype. The OXA beta-lactamase family was originally created as a phenotypic rather than a genotypic group for a few beta-lactamases that had a specific hydrolysis profile. Therefore, there is as little as 20% sequence homology among some of the members of this family. However, recent additions to this family show some degree of homology to one or more of the existing members of the OXA beta-lactamase family. Some confer resistance predominantly to ceftazidime, but OXA-17 confers greater resistance to cefotaxime and cefepime than it does resistance to ceftazidime."}}, "ARO_name": "OXA-646", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43698", "model_name": "OXA-646", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4070": {"model_id": "4070", "ARO_accession": "3005338", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "450", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "OXA-648 is a beta-lactamase in the OXA-134 family of OXA beta-lactamases that confers resistance to ampicillin and cephalothin.", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6443": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGAAAATTCTGATTTTGCTGCCTTTACTGAGTTGTTTGGGCCTGACAGCGTGTAGCCTGCCCGTTTCATCTTCCCCATCTCAAAGCACTTTGACTCAATCCACCCAAGCTATTGCCAGCTTATTTGATCAGGCACAAAGCTCTGGCGTTCTAGTGATTCAGCGTGGTCAACAGTTACAGATCTATGGCAATGATTTAAGCCGAGCAAATACCGAATATGTTCCTGCCTCAACCTTTAAAATAGTGAATGCCCTGATTGGCTTGCAGCATGGCAAAGCCACAGCCAATGAAATCTTTAAATGGGATGGCAAGAAACGCAGTTTTGCCGCCTGGGAAAAAGATATGACGCTCGGCGAGGCCATGCAAGCTTCTGCGGTACCGGTCTACCAGGAACTGGCACGTCGTATCGGTCTGGAATTGATGCAGCAGGAAGTGCAACGCATCCGGTTCGGCAATCAGCAGATTGGGCAGCAGGTCGATAACTTCTGGCTGATCGGGCCTCTAAAAATTAGCCCGAAACAGGAAGTCGAATTTGTCTCTGCTCTTGCTCGAGGAGAGCTCCCCTTTGATCCTCAAGTCCAGCAGCAAGTTAAAGCCATGTTACTTTTACAGGAACGGCAAGCTTATCGCCTGTATGCCAAATCCGGTTGGGGCATGGCTGTAGAACCGCAAGTTGGCTGGCTCACCGGGTGGGTCGAAATCCCTCAGGGGGAAATCGTGGCATTTTCCCTGAATATGCAAATGCAAACCAATATGAATCCAGCCATTCGCCTTGAAATTCTACAGCAGGCTCTGGGCGAATTAGGGCTTTACCCAAAAGCGGAGCAGCAAAGCAAATAA", "fmax": "840", "accession": "NG_065434", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Acinetobacter lwoffii", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "28090", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "36948"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_140423316.1", "sequence": "MKILILLPLLSCLGLTACSLPVSSSPSQSTLTQSTQAIASLFDQAQSSGVLVIQRGQQLQIYGNDLSRANTEYVPASTFKIVNALIGLQHGKATANEIFKWDGKKRSFAAWEKDMTLGEAMQASAVPVYQELARRIGLELMQQEVQRIRFGNQQIGQQVDNFWLIGPLKISPKQEVEFVSALARGELPFDPQVQQQVKAMLLLQERQAYRLYAKSGWGMAVEPQVGWLTGWVEIPQGEIVAFSLNMQMQTNMNPAIRLEILQQALGELGLYPKAEQQSK"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "36026": {"category_aro_name": "OXA beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36026", "category_aro_accession": "3000017", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "OXA beta-lactamases were long recognized as a less common but also plasmid-mediated beta-lactamase variety that could hydrolyze oxacillin and related anti-staphylococcal penicillins. These beta-lactamases differ from the TEM and SHV enzymes in that they belong to molecular class D and functional group 2d. The OXA-type beta-lactamases confer resistance to ampicillin and cephalothin and are characterized by their high hydrolytic activity against oxacillin and cloxacillin and the fact that they are poorly inhibited by clavulanic acid. Amino acid substitutions in OXA enzymes can also give the ESBL phenotype. The OXA beta-lactamase family was originally created as a phenotypic rather than a genotypic group for a few beta-lactamases that had a specific hydrolysis profile. Therefore, there is as little as 20% sequence homology among some of the members of this family. However, recent additions to this family show some degree of homology to one or more of the existing members of the OXA beta-lactamase family. Some confer resistance predominantly to ceftazidime, but OXA-17 confers greater resistance to cefotaxime and cefepime than it does resistance to ceftazidime."}}, "ARO_name": "OXA-648", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43697", "model_name": "OXA-648", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4073": {"model_id": "4073", "ARO_accession": "3005341", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "500", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "OXA-897 is a beta-lactamase in the OXA-24 family of OXA beta-lactamases that confers resistance to ampicillin and cephalothin.", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6446": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGAAAAAATTTATACTTCCTATATTCAGCATTTCTATTCTAGTTTCTCTCAGTGCATGTTCATCTATTAAAACTAAATCTGAAGATAATTTTCATATTTCTTCTCAGCAACATGAAAAAGCTATTAAAAGCTATTTTGATGAAGCTCAAACACAGGGTGTAATTATTATTAAAGAGGGTAAAAATCTTAGCACCTATGGTAATGCTCTTGCACGAGCAAATAAAGAATATGTCCCTGCATCAACATTTAAGATGCTAATTGCTTTAATCGGGCTAGAAAATCATAAAGCAACAACAAATGAGATTTTCAAATGGGATGGTAAAAAAAGAACTTATCCTATGTGGGAGAAAGATATGACTTTAGGTGAGGCAATGGCATTGTCAGCAGTTCCAGTATATCAAGAGCTTGCAAGACGGACTGGCCTAGAGCTAATGCAGAAAGAAGTAAAGCGGGTTAATTTTGGAAATACAAATATTGGAACACAGGTCGATAATTTTTGGTTAGTTGGCCCCCTTAAAATTACACCAGTACAAGAAGTTAATTTTGCCGATGACCTTGCACATAACCGATTACCTTTTAAATTAGAAACTCAAGAAGAAGTTAAAAAAATGCTTCTAATTAAAGAAGTAAATGGTAGTAAGATTTATGCAAAAAGTGGATGGGGAATGGATGTTACTCCACAGGTAGGTTGGTTGACTGGTTGGGTGGAGCAAGCTAATGGAAAAAAAATCCCCTTTTCGCTCAACTTAGAAATGAAAGAAGGAATGTCTGGTTCTATTCGTAATGAAATTACTTATAAGTCGCTAGAAAATCTTGGAATCATTTAA", "fmax": "828", "accession": "NG_068017", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Acinetobacter baumannii", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "470", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "35507"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_164461290.1", "sequence": "MKKFILPIFSISILVSLSACSSIKTKSEDNFHISSQQHEKAIKSYFDEAQTQGVIIIKEGKNLSTYGNALARANKEYVPASTFKMLIALIGLENHKATTNEIFKWDGKKRTYPMWEKDMTLGEAMALSAVPVYQELARRTGLELMQKEVKRVNFGNTNIGTQVDNFWLVGPLKITPVQEVNFADDLAHNRLPFKLETQEEVKKMLLIKEVNGSKIYAKSGWGMDVTPQVGWLTGWVEQANGKKIPFSLNLEMKEGMSGSIRNEITYKSLENLGII"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "36026": {"category_aro_name": "OXA beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36026", "category_aro_accession": "3000017", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "OXA beta-lactamases were long recognized as a less common but also plasmid-mediated beta-lactamase variety that could hydrolyze oxacillin and related anti-staphylococcal penicillins. These beta-lactamases differ from the TEM and SHV enzymes in that they belong to molecular class D and functional group 2d. The OXA-type beta-lactamases confer resistance to ampicillin and cephalothin and are characterized by their high hydrolytic activity against oxacillin and cloxacillin and the fact that they are poorly inhibited by clavulanic acid. Amino acid substitutions in OXA enzymes can also give the ESBL phenotype. The OXA beta-lactamase family was originally created as a phenotypic rather than a genotypic group for a few beta-lactamases that had a specific hydrolysis profile. Therefore, there is as little as 20% sequence homology among some of the members of this family. However, recent additions to this family show some degree of homology to one or more of the existing members of the OXA beta-lactamase family. Some confer resistance predominantly to ceftazidime, but OXA-17 confers greater resistance to cefotaxime and cefepime than it does resistance to ceftazidime."}}, "ARO_name": "OXA-897", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43700", "model_name": "OXA-897", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4072": {"model_id": "4072", "ARO_accession": "3005340", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "520", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "OXA-649 is a beta-lactamase in the OXA-143 family of OXA beta-lactamases that confers resistance to ampicillin and cephalothin.", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6445": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGAAAAAATTTATACTTCCTATCTTCAGCATTTCTATTCTACTTTCTCTCAGTGCATGCTCATCTATTCAAAATAAATTTGAATATACTTCTGATATTTCTGATCAGCAGCATGGAAAAGCCATTAAAAGCTATTTTGATGAAGCTCAGACACAAGGTGTAATCATTATTAAAGAGGGAAAGAATATTAGTACCTATGGTAATAACCTGGCACGAGCACATACAGAATATGTCCCTGCATCAACATTTAAGATGCTAAATGCCTTAATTGGATTAGAAAATCATAAAGCTACAACAACTGAGATTTTCAAATGGGATGGTAAAAAAAGATCTTATCCTATGTGGGAAAAAGATATGACTTTAGGTGATGCCATGGCACTTTCAGCAGTTCCTGTATATCAAGAACTTGCAAGACGGACTGGTTTAGACCTAATGCAAAAAGAAGTCAAACGGGTTGGTTTTGGTAATATGAACATTGGAACACAAGTTGATAACTTCTGGTTGGTTGGCCCGCTTAAAATTACACCAATACAAGAGGTTAATTTTGCCGACGATCTCGCTAATAATCGATTACCCTTTAAATTAGAAACTCAAGAAGAAGTAAAAAAAATGCTTCTGATTAAAGAAGTCAATGGTAGTAAAATTTATGCGAAAAGCGGATGGGGAATGGATGTAACCCCTCAGGTAGGTTGGTTAACAGGTTGGGTAGAAAAATCTAATGGCGAAAAAGTTCCCTTTTCTCTAAACCTAGAAATGAAGCAAGGAATGTCTGGTTCTATTCGTAATGAAATTACTTATAAGTCATTAGAAAATTTAGGGATTATATAG", "fmax": "828", "accession": "NG_057485", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Acinetobacter bereziniae", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "106648", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "39090"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_109545071.1", "sequence": "MKKFILPIFSISILLSLSACSSIQNKFEYTSDISDQQHGKAIKSYFDEAQTQGVIIIKEGKNISTYGNNLARAHTEYVPASTFKMLNALIGLENHKATTTEIFKWDGKKRSYPMWEKDMTLGDAMALSAVPVYQELARRTGLDLMQKEVKRVGFGNMNIGTQVDNFWLVGPLKITPIQEVNFADDLANNRLPFKLETQEEVKKMLLIKEVNGSKIYAKSGWGMDVTPQVGWLTGWVEKSNGEKVPFSLNLEMKQGMSGSIRNEITYKSLENLGII"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "36026": {"category_aro_name": "OXA beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36026", "category_aro_accession": "3000017", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "OXA beta-lactamases were long recognized as a less common but also plasmid-mediated beta-lactamase variety that could hydrolyze oxacillin and related anti-staphylococcal penicillins. These beta-lactamases differ from the TEM and SHV enzymes in that they belong to molecular class D and functional group 2d. The OXA-type beta-lactamases confer resistance to ampicillin and cephalothin and are characterized by their high hydrolytic activity against oxacillin and cloxacillin and the fact that they are poorly inhibited by clavulanic acid. Amino acid substitutions in OXA enzymes can also give the ESBL phenotype. The OXA beta-lactamase family was originally created as a phenotypic rather than a genotypic group for a few beta-lactamases that had a specific hydrolysis profile. Therefore, there is as little as 20% sequence homology among some of the members of this family. However, recent additions to this family show some degree of homology to one or more of the existing members of the OXA beta-lactamase family. Some confer resistance predominantly to ceftazidime, but OXA-17 confers greater resistance to cefotaxime and cefepime than it does resistance to ceftazidime."}}, "ARO_name": "OXA-649", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43699", "model_name": "OXA-649", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "3966": {"model_id": "3966", "ARO_accession": "3005244", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "725", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "ADC ortholog described by Nodari et al. 2020", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6330": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGCGATTTAAAAAAATTTCTTGTCTACTTTTATCCCCGCTTTTTATTTTTAGTACCTCAATTTATGCGGGCAATACACCAAAAGACCAAGAAATTAAAAAACTGGTAGATCAAAATTTTAAACCATTATTAGAAAAATATGATGTACCAGGTATGGCTGTGGGTGTTATTCAAAATAATAAAAAGTATGAAATGTATTATGGTCTTCAATCTGTTCAAGATAAAAAAGCCGTAAATAGCAGTACCATTTTTGAGCTAGGTTCTGTCAGTAAATTATTTACCGCGACAGCAGGTGGATATGCAAAAAATAAAGGAAAAATCTCTTTTGACGATACGCCTGGTAAATATTGGAAAGAGCTAAAAAATACACCGATTGATCAAGTTAACTTACTTCAACTCGCGACGTATACAAGTGGCAACCTCGCTTTACAATTTCCAGATGAAGTACAAACAGATCAACAAGTTTTAACTTTTTTCAAAGACTGGCAACCTAAAAACCCAATCGGTGAATACAGACAATATTCAAATCCAAGTATTGGCCTATTTGGAAAGGTTGTGGCTTTGTCTATGAATAAACCTTTCGACCAAGTCTTAGAAAAAACAATTTTTCCGGCCCTTGGCTTAAAACATAGCTATGTAAATGTACCTAAGACCCAGATGCAAAACTATGCTTTTGGCTATAACCAAGAAAATCAGCCGATTCGAGTTAACCCCGGCCCACTTGGTGCCCCAGCATACGGCGTCAAATCGACACTACCCGACATGTTGAGTTTTATTCATGCCAACCTTACCCCACAGAAATATCCGACAGATATTCAACGGGCAATTAATGAAACACATCAAGGGTTCTATCAAGTCGGCACCATGTATCAGGCACTTGGTTGGGAAGAGTTTTCTTATCCGGCAACGTTACAAACTTTATTAGACAGTAATTCAGAACAGATTGTGATGAAACCTAATAAAGTGACTGCTATTTCAAAGGAACCTTCAGTTAAGATGTACCATAAAACTGGCTCAACCAACCGTTTCGGAACATATGTGGTCTTTATTCCTAAAGAAAATATTGGCTTAGTCATGTTAACCAATAAACGTATTCCAAATGAAGAGCGCATTAAGGCAGCTTATGCTGTGCTGAATGCAATAAAGAAATAA", "fmax": "1152", "accession": "MK248721.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Acinetobacter baumannii", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "470", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "35507"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "AZK35803.1", "sequence": "MRFKKISCLLLSPLFIFSTSIYAGNTPKDQEIKKLVDQNFKPLLEKYDVPGMAVGVIQNNKKYEMYYGLQSVQDKKAVNSSTIFELGSVSKLFTATAGGYAKNKGKISFDDTPGKYWKELKNTPIDQVNLLQLATYTSGNLALQFPDEVQTDQQVLTFFKDWQPKNPIGEYRQYSNPSIGLFGKVVALSMNKPFDQVLEKTIFPALGLKHSYVNVPKTQMQNYAFGYNQENQPIRVNPGPLGAPAYGVKSTLPDMLSFIHANLTPQKYPTDIQRAINETHQGFYQVGTMYQALGWEEFSYPATLQTLLDSNSEQIVMKPNKVTAISKEPSVKMYHKTGSTNRFGTYVVFIPKENIGLVMLTNKRIPNEERIKAAYAVLNAIKK"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "40543": {"category_aro_name": "ADC beta-lactamase without carbapenemase activity", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "40543", "category_aro_accession": "3003846", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "ADC beta-lactamases, also known as AmpC beta-lactamases, are cephalosporinases with extended-spectrum resistance to cephalosporins but not to carbapenems. ADC beta-lactamases are found in Acinetobacter sp. and Oligella urethralis."}}, "ARO_name": "ADC-181", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43600", "model_name": "ADC-181", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "3967": {"model_id": "3967", "ARO_accession": "3005245", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "725", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "ADC ortholog described by Nodari et al. 2020", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6331": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGCGATTTAAAAAAATTTCTTGTCTACTTTTATCCCCGCTTTTTATTTTTAGTACCTCAATTTATGCGGGCAATACACCAAAAGACCAAGAAATTAAAAAACTGGTAGATCAAAATTTTAAACCATTATTAGAAAAATATGATGTACCAGGTATGGCTGTGGGTGTTATTCAAAATAATAAAAAGTATGAAATGTATTATGGTCTTCAATCTGTTCAAGATAAAAAAGCCGTAAATAGCAGTACCATTTTTGAGCTAGGTTCTGTCAGTAAATTATTTACCGCGACAGCAGGTGGATATGCAAAAAATAAAGGAAAAATCTCTTTTGACGATACGCCTGGTAAATATTGGAAAGAGCTAAAAAATACACCGATTGATCAAGTTAACTTACTTCAACTCGCGACGTATACAAGTGGCAACCTCGCTTTACAATTTCCAGATGAAGTACAAACAGATCAACAAGTTTTAACTTTTTTCAAAGACTGGCAACCTAAAAACCCAATCGGTGAATACAGACAATATTCAAATCCAAGTATTGGCCTATTTGGAAAGGTTGTGGCTTTGTCTATGAATAAACCTTTCGACCAAGTCTTAGAAAAAACAATTTTTCCGGCCCTTGGCTTAAAACATAGCTATGTAAATGTACCTAAGACCCAGATGCAAAACTATGCTTTTGGCTATAACCAAGAAAATCAGCCGATTCGAGTTAACCCCGGCCCACTTGATGCCCCAGCATCCCCAGCATACGGCGTCAAATCGACACTACCCGACATGTTGAGTTTTATTCATGCCAACCTTACCCCACAGAAATATCCGACAGATATTCAACGGGCAATTAATGAAACACATCAAGGGTTCTATCAAGTCGGCACCATGTATCAGGCACTTGGTTGGGAAGAGTTTTCTTATCCGGCAACGTTACAAACTTTATTAGACAGTAATTCAGAACAGATTGTGATGAAACCTAATAAAGTGACTGCTATTTCAAAGGAACCTTCAGTTAAGATGTACCATAAAACTGGCTCAACCACCGGTTTCGGAACATATGTGGTCTTTATTCCTAAAGAAAATATTGGCTTAGTCATGTTAACCAATAAACGTATTCCAAATGAAGAGCGCATTAAGGCAGCTTATGCTGTGCTGAATGCAATAAAGAAATAA", "fmax": "1161", "accession": "MK248722.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Acinetobacter baumannii", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "470", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "35507"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "AZK35804.1", "sequence": "MRFKKISCLLLSPLFIFSTSIYAGNTPKDQEIKKLVDQNFKPLLEKYDVPGMAVGVIQNNKKYEMYYGLQSVQDKKAVNSSTIFELGSVSKLFTATAGGYAKNKGKISFDDTPGKYWKELKNTPIDQVNLLQLATYTSGNLALQFPDEVQTDQQVLTFFKDWQPKNPIGEYRQYSNPSIGLFGKVVALSMNKPFDQVLEKTIFPALGLKHSYVNVPKTQMQNYAFGYNQENQPIRVNPGPLDAPASPAYGVKSTLPDMLSFIHANLTPQKYPTDIQRAINETHQGFYQVGTMYQALGWEEFSYPATLQTLLDSNSEQIVMKPNKVTAISKEPSVKMYHKTGSTTGFGTYVVFIPKENIGLVMLTNKRIPNEERIKAAYAVLNAIKK"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "40543": {"category_aro_name": "ADC beta-lactamase without carbapenemase activity", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "40543", "category_aro_accession": "3003846", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "ADC beta-lactamases, also known as AmpC beta-lactamases, are cephalosporinases with extended-spectrum resistance to cephalosporins but not to carbapenems. ADC beta-lactamases are found in Acinetobacter sp. and Oligella urethralis."}}, "ARO_name": "ADC-182", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43601", "model_name": "ADC-182", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "3964": {"model_id": "3964", "ARO_accession": "3005242", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "580", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "beta-lactamase gene from Klebsiella pneumoniae. Directly submitted to NCBI without publication on 07-NOV-2018", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6328": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGCGTTATATTCGCCTGTGTATTATCTCCCTGTTAGCCACCCTGCCGCTGGCGGTACACGCCAGCCCGCAGCCGCTTGAGCAAATTAAACAAAGCGAAAGCCAGCTGTCGGGCCGCGTAGGCATGATAGAAATGGATCTGGCCAGCGGCCGCACGCTGACCGCCTGGCGCGCCGATGAACGCTTTCCCATGATGAGCACCTTTAAAGTAGTGCTCTGCGGCGCAGTGCTGGCGCGGGTGGATGCCGGTGACGAACAGCTGGAGCGAAAGATCCACTATCGCCAGCAGGATCTGGTGGACTACTCGCCGGTCAGCGAAAAACACCTTGCCGACGGCATGACGGTCGGCGAACTCTGTGCCGCCGCCATTACCATGAGCGATAACAGCGCCGCCAATCTGCTGCTGGCCACCGTCGACGGCCCCGCAGGATTGACTGCCTTTTTGCGCCAGATCGGCGACAACGTCACCCGCCTTGACCGCTGGGAAACGGAACTGAATGAGGCGCTTCCCGGCGACGCCCGCGACACCACTACCCCGGCCAGCATGGCCGCGACCCTGCGCAAGCTGCTGACCAGCCAGCGTCTGAGCGCCCGTTCGCAACGGCAGCTGCTGCAGTGGATGGTGGACGATCGGGTCGCCGGACCGTTGATCCGCTCCGTGCTGCCGGCGGGCTGGTTTATCGCCGATAAGACCGGAGCTGGCGAACGGGGTGCGCGCGGGATTGTCGCCCTGCTTGGCCCGAATAACAAAGCAGAGCGCATCGTGGTGATTTATCTGCGGGATACGCCGGCGAGCATGGCCGAGCGAAATCAGCAAATCGCCGGGATCGGCGCGGCGCTGATCGAGCACTGGCAACGCTAA", "fmax": "861", "accession": "NG_062281.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Klebsiella pneumoniae", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "573", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "35915"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_122630866.1", "sequence": "MRYIRLCIISLLATLPLAVHASPQPLEQIKQSESQLSGRVGMIEMDLASGRTLTAWRADERFPMMSTFKVVLCGAVLARVDAGDEQLERKIHYRQQDLVDYSPVSEKHLADGMTVGELCAAAITMSDNSAANLLLATVDGPAGLTAFLRQIGDNVTRLDRWETELNEALPGDARDTTTPASMAATLRKLLTSQRLSARSQRQLLQWMVDDRVAGPLIRSVLPAGWFIADKTGAGERGARGIVALLGPNNKAERIVVIYLRDTPASMAERNQQIAGIGAALIEHWQR"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "36024": {"category_aro_name": "SHV beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36024", "category_aro_accession": "3000015", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "SHV-1 shares 68 percent of its amino acids with TEM-1 and has a similar overall structure. The SHV-1 beta-lactamase is most commonly found in K. pneumoniae and is responsible for up to 20% of the plasmid-mediated ampicillin resistance in this species. ESBLs in this family also have amino acid changes around the active site, most commonly at positions 238 or 238 and 240. More than 60 SHV varieties are known."}}, "ARO_name": "SHV-209", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43598", "model_name": "SHV-209", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "3965": {"model_id": "3965", "ARO_accession": "3005243", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "580", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "beta-lactamase gene from Klebsiella pneumoniae. Directly submitted to NCBI without publication on 07-NOV-2018", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6329": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGCGTTATATTCGCCTGTGTATTATCTCCCTGTTAGCCACCCTGCCGCTGGCGGTACACGCCAGCCCGCAGCCGCTTGAGCAAATTAAACAAAGCGAAAGCCAGCTGTCGGGCCGCGTAGGCATGATAGAAATGGATCTGGCCAGCGGCCGCACGCTGACCGCCTGGCGCGCCGATGAACGCTTTCCCATGATGAGCACCTTTAAAGTAGTGCTCTGCGGCGCAGTGCTGGCGCGGGTGGATGCCGGTGACGAACAGCTGGAGCGAAAGATCCACTATCGCCAGCAGGATCTGGTGGACTACTCGCCGGTCAGCGAAAAACACCTTGCCGACGGCATGACGGTCGGCGAACTCTGCGCCGCCGCCATTACCATGAGCGATAACAGCGCCGCCAATCTGCTGCTGGCCACCGTCGGCGGCCCCGCAGGATTGACTGCCTTTTTGCGCCAGATCGGCGACAACGTCACCCGCCTTGACCGCTGGGAAACGGAACTGAATGAGGCGCTTCCCGGCGACGCCCGCGACACCACTACCCCGGCCAGCATGGCCGCGACCCTGCGCAAGCTGCTGACCAGCCAGCGTCTGAGCGCCCATTCGCAACGGCAGCTGCTGCAGTGGATGGTGGACGATCGGGTCGCCGGACCGTTGATCCGCTCCGTGCTGCCGGCGGGCTGGTTTATCGCCGATAAGACCGGAGCTGGCGAACGGGGTGCGCGCGGGATTGTCGCCCTGCTTGGCCCGAATAACAAAGCAGAGCGCATTGTGGTGATTTATCTGCGGGATACCCCGGCGAGCATGGCCGAGCGAAATCAGCAAATCGCCGGGATCGGCGCGGCGCTGATCGAGCACTGGCAACGCTAA", "fmax": "861", "accession": "NG_062287.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Klebsiella pneumoniae", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "573", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "35915"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_122630870.1", "sequence": "MRYIRLCIISLLATLPLAVHASPQPLEQIKQSESQLSGRVGMIEMDLASGRTLTAWRADERFPMMSTFKVVLCGAVLARVDAGDEQLERKIHYRQQDLVDYSPVSEKHLADGMTVGELCAAAITMSDNSAANLLLATVGGPAGLTAFLRQIGDNVTRLDRWETELNEALPGDARDTTTPASMAATLRKLLTSQRLSAHSQRQLLQWMVDDRVAGPLIRSVLPAGWFIADKTGAGERGARGIVALLGPNNKAERIVVIYLRDTPASMAERNQQIAGIGAALIEHWQR"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "36024": {"category_aro_name": "SHV beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36024", "category_aro_accession": "3000015", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "SHV-1 shares 68 percent of its amino acids with TEM-1 and has a similar overall structure. The SHV-1 beta-lactamase is most commonly found in K. pneumoniae and is responsible for up to 20% of the plasmid-mediated ampicillin resistance in this species. ESBLs in this family also have amino acid changes around the active site, most commonly at positions 238 or 238 and 240. More than 60 SHV varieties are known."}}, "ARO_name": "SHV-215", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43599", "model_name": "SHV-215", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "3962": {"model_id": "3962", "ARO_accession": "3005240", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "581", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "beta-lactamase gene from Klebsiella pneumoniae. Directly submitted to NCBI without publication on 07-NOV-2018", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6326": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGCGTTATATTCGCCTGTGTATTATCTCCCTGTTAGCCACCCTGCCGCTGGCGGTACACGCCAGCCCGCAGCCGCTTGAGCAAATTAAACAAAGCGAAAGCCAGCTGTCGGGCCGCGTAGGCATGATAGAAATGGATCTGGCCAGCGGCCGCACGCTGACCGCCTGGCGCGCCGATGAACGCTTTCCCATGATGAGCACCTTTAAAGTAGTGCTCTGCGGCGCAGCGCTGGCGCGGGTGGATGCCGGTGACGAACAGCTGGAGCGAAAGATCCACTATCGCCAGCAGGATCTGGTGGACTACTCGCCGGTCAGCGAAAAACACCTTGCCGACGGCATGACGGTCGGCGAACTCTGTGCCGCCGCCATTACCATGAGCGATAACAGCGCCGCCAATCTGCTGCTGGCCACCGTCGGCGGCCCCGCAGGATTGACTGCCTTTTTGCGCCAGATCGGCGACAACGTCACCCGCCTTGACCGCTGGGAAACGGAACTGAATGAGGCGCTTCCCGGCGACGCCCGCGACACCACTACCCCGGCCAGCATGGCCGCGACCCTGCGCAAGCTGCTGACCAGCCAGCGTCTGAGCGCCCGTTCGCAACGGCAGCTGCTGCAGTGGATGGTGGACGATCGGGTCGCCGGACCGTTGATCCGCTCCGTGCTGCCGGCGGGCTGGTTTATCGCCGATAAGACCGGAGCTGGCGAACGGGGTGCGCGCGGGATTGTCGCCCTGCTTGGCCCGAATAACAAAGCAGAGCGCATCGTGGTGATTTATCTGCGGGATACGCCGGCGAGCATGGCCGAGCGAAATCAGCAAATCGCCGGGATCGGCGCGGCGCTGATCGAGCACTGGCAACGCTAA", "fmax": "861", "accession": "NG_062296.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Klebsiella pneumoniae", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "573", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "35915"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_104159136.1", "sequence": "MRYIRLCIISLLATLPLAVHASPQPLEQIKQSESQLSGRVGMIEMDLASGRTLTAWRADERFPMMSTFKVVLCGAALARVDAGDEQLERKIHYRQQDLVDYSPVSEKHLADGMTVGELCAAAITMSDNSAANLLLATVGGPAGLTAFLRQIGDNVTRLDRWETELNEALPGDARDTTTPASMAATLRKLLTSQRLSARSQRQLLQWMVDDRVAGPLIRSVLPAGWFIADKTGAGERGARGIVALLGPNNKAERIVVIYLRDTPASMAERNQQIAGIGAALIEHWQR"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "36024": {"category_aro_name": "SHV beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36024", "category_aro_accession": "3000015", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "SHV-1 shares 68 percent of its amino acids with TEM-1 and has a similar overall structure. The SHV-1 beta-lactamase is most commonly found in K. pneumoniae and is responsible for up to 20% of the plasmid-mediated ampicillin resistance in this species. ESBLs in this family also have amino acid changes around the active site, most commonly at positions 238 or 238 and 240. More than 60 SHV varieties are known."}}, "ARO_name": "SHV-224", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43596", "model_name": "SHV-224", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "3963": {"model_id": "3963", "ARO_accession": "3005241", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "580", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "beta-lactamase gene from Klebsiella pneumoniae. Directly submitted to NCBI without publication on 07-NOV-2018", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6327": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGCGTTATATTCGCCTGTGTATTATCTCCCTGTTAGCCACCCTGCCGCTGGCGGTACACGCCAGCCCGCAGCCGCTTGAGCAAATTAAACAAAGCGAAAGCCAGCTGTCGGGCCGCGTAGGCATGATAGAAATGGATCTGGCCAGCGGCCGCACGCTGACCGCCTGGCGCGCCGATGAACGCTTTCCCATGATGAGCACCTTTAAAGTAGTGCTCTGCGGCGCAGTGCTGGCGCGGGTGGATGCCGGTGACGAACAGCTGGAGCGAAAGATCCACTATCGCCAGCAGGATCTGGTGGACTACTCGCCGGTCAGCGAAAAACACCTTGCCGACGGCATGTCGGTCGGTGAACTCTGCGCTGCCGCCATTACCATGAGCGATAACAGCGCCGCCAATCTGCTGCTGGCCACCGTCGGCGGCCCCGCAGGATTGACTGCCTTTTTGCGCCAGATCGGCGACAACGTCACCCGCCTTGACCGCTGGGAAACGGAACTGAATGAGGCGCTTCCCGGCGACGCCCGCGACACCACTACCCCGGCCAGCATGGCCGCGACCCTGCGCAAGCTGCTGACCAGCCAGCGTCTGAGCGCCCGTTCGCAACGGCAGCTGCTGCAGTGGATGGTGGACGATCGGGTCGCCGGACCGTTGATCCGCTCCGTGCTGCCGGCGGGCTGGTTTATCGCCGATAAGACCGGAGCTGGCGAGCGGGGTGCGCGCGGCATTGTCGCCCTGCTTGGCCCGAATAACAAAGCAGAGCGCATTGTGGTGATTTATCTGCGGGATACGCCGGCGAGCATGGCCGAGCGAAATCAGCAAATCGCCGGGATCGGCGCGGCGCTGATCGAGCACTGGCAACGCTAA", "fmax": "861", "accession": "NG_062297.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Klebsiella pneumoniae", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "573", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "35915"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_122630877.1", "sequence": "MRYIRLCIISLLATLPLAVHASPQPLEQIKQSESQLSGRVGMIEMDLASGRTLTAWRADERFPMMSTFKVVLCGAVLARVDAGDEQLERKIHYRQQDLVDYSPVSEKHLADGMSVGELCAAAITMSDNSAANLLLATVGGPAGLTAFLRQIGDNVTRLDRWETELNEALPGDARDTTTPASMAATLRKLLTSQRLSARSQRQLLQWMVDDRVAGPLIRSVLPAGWFIADKTGAGERGARGIVALLGPNNKAERIVVIYLRDTPASMAERNQQIAGIGAALIEHWQR"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "36024": {"category_aro_name": "SHV beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36024", "category_aro_accession": "3000015", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "SHV-1 shares 68 percent of its amino acids with TEM-1 and has a similar overall structure. The SHV-1 beta-lactamase is most commonly found in K. pneumoniae and is responsible for up to 20% of the plasmid-mediated ampicillin resistance in this species. ESBLs in this family also have amino acid changes around the active site, most commonly at positions 238 or 238 and 240. More than 60 SHV varieties are known."}}, "ARO_name": "SHV-225", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43597", "model_name": "SHV-225", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "3960": {"model_id": "3960", "ARO_accession": "3005238", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "580", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "beta-lactamase gene from Klebsiella pneumoniae. Directly submitted to NCBI without publication on 07-NOV-2018", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6324": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGCGTTATATTCGCCTGTGTATTATCTCCCTGTTAGCCACCCTGCCGCTGGCGGTACACGCCAGCCCGCAGCCGCTTGAGCAAATTAAACTAAGCGAAAGCCAGCTGTCGGGCCGCGTAGGCATGATAGAAATGGATCCGGCCAGCGGCCGCACGCTGACCGCCTGGCGCGCCGATGAACGCTTTCCCATGATGAGCACCTTTAAAGTAGTGCTCTGCGGCGCAGTGCTGGCGCGGGTGGATGCCGGTGACGAACAGCTGGAGCGAAAGATCCACTATCGCCAGCAGGATCTGGTGGACTACTCGCCGGTCAGCGAAAAACACCTTGCCGACGGTATGACGGTCGGCGAACTCTGCGCCGCCGCCATTACCATGAGCGATAACAGCGCCGCCAATCTGCTGCTGGCCACCTTCGGCGGCCCCGCAGGATTGACTGCCTTTTTGCGCCAGATCGGCGACAACGTCACCCGCCTTGACCGCTGGGAAACGGAACTGAATGAGGCGCTTCCCGGCGACGCCCGCGACACCACTACCCCGGCCAGCATGGCCGCGACCCTGCGCAAGCTGCTGACCAGCCAGCGTCTGAGCGCCCGTTCGCAACGGCAGCTGCTGCAGTGGATGGTGGACGATCGGGTCGCCGGACCGTTGATCCGCTCCGTGCTGCCGGCGGGCTGGTTTATCGCCGATAAGACCGGAGCTGGCGAGCGGGGTGCGCGCGGCATTGTCGCCCTGCTTGGCCCGAATAACAAAGCAGAGCGCATTGTGGTGATTTATCTGCGGGATACGCCGGCGAGCATGGCCGAGCGAAATCAGCAAATCGCCGGGATCGGCGCGGCGCTGATCGAACACTGGCAACGCTAA", "fmax": "861", "accession": "NG_062290.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Klebsiella pneumoniae", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "573", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "35915"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_122630873.1", "sequence": "MRYIRLCIISLLATLPLAVHASPQPLEQIKLSESQLSGRVGMIEMDPASGRTLTAWRADERFPMMSTFKVVLCGAVLARVDAGDEQLERKIHYRQQDLVDYSPVSEKHLADGMTVGELCAAAITMSDNSAANLLLATFGGPAGLTAFLRQIGDNVTRLDRWETELNEALPGDARDTTTPASMAATLRKLLTSQRLSARSQRQLLQWMVDDRVAGPLIRSVLPAGWFIADKTGAGERGARGIVALLGPNNKAERIVVIYLRDTPASMAERNQQIAGIGAALIEHWQR"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "36024": {"category_aro_name": "SHV beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36024", "category_aro_accession": "3000015", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "SHV-1 shares 68 percent of its amino acids with TEM-1 and has a similar overall structure. The SHV-1 beta-lactamase is most commonly found in K. pneumoniae and is responsible for up to 20% of the plasmid-mediated ampicillin resistance in this species. ESBLs in this family also have amino acid changes around the active site, most commonly at positions 238 or 238 and 240. More than 60 SHV varieties are known."}}, "ARO_name": "SHV-218", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43594", "model_name": "SHV-218", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "3961": {"model_id": "3961", "ARO_accession": "3005239", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "580", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "beta-lactamase gene from Klebsiella pneumoniae. Directly submitted to NCBI without publication on 08-JUN-2016", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6325": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGCGTTATATTCGCCTGTGTATTATCTCCCTGTTAGCCACCCTGCCGCTGGCGGTACACGCCAGCCCGCAGCCGCTTGAGCAAATTAAACAAAGCGAAAGCCAGCTGTCGGGCCGCGTAGGCATGATAGAAATGGATCTGGCCAGCGGCCGCACGCTGACCGCCTGGCGCGCCGATGAACTCTTTCCCATGATGAGCACCTTTAAAGTAGTGCTCTGCGGCGCAGTGCTGGCGCGGGTGGATGCCGGTGACGAACAGCTGGAGCGAAAGATCCACTATCGCCAGCAGGATCTGGTGGACTACTCTCCGGTCAGCGAAAAACACCTTGCCGACGGCATGACGGTCGGCGAACTCTGTGCCGCCGCCATTACCATGAGCGATAACAGCGCCGCCAATCTGCTGCTGGCCACCGTCGGCGGCCCCGCAGGATTGACTGCCTTTTTGCGCCAGATCGGCGACAACGTCACCCGCCTTGACCGCTGGGAAACGGAACTGAATGAGGCGCTTCCCGGCGACGCCCGCGACACCACTACCCCGGCCAGCATGGCCGCGACCCTGCGCAAGCTGCTGACCAGCCAGCGTCTGAGCGCCCGTTCGCAACGGCAGCTGCTGCAGTGGATGGTGGACGATCGGGTCGCCGGACCGTTGATCCGCTCCGTGCTGCCGGCGGGCTGGTTTATCGCCGATAAGACCGGAGCTGGCGAGCGGGGTGCGCGCGGGATTGTCGCCCTGCTTGGCCCGAATAACAAAGCAGAGCGCATTGTGGTGATTTATCTGCGGGATACGCCGGCGAGCATGGCCGAGCGAAATCAGCAAATCGCCGGGATCGGCGCGGCGCTGATCGAGCACTGGCAACGCTAA", "fmax": "861", "accession": "NG_050058.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Klebsiella pneumoniae", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "573", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "35915"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_063864668.1", "sequence": "MRYIRLCIISLLATLPLAVHASPQPLEQIKQSESQLSGRVGMIEMDLASGRTLTAWRADELFPMMSTFKVVLCGAVLARVDAGDEQLERKIHYRQQDLVDYSPVSEKHLADGMTVGELCAAAITMSDNSAANLLLATVGGPAGLTAFLRQIGDNVTRLDRWETELNEALPGDARDTTTPASMAATLRKLLTSQRLSARSQRQLLQWMVDDRVAGPLIRSVLPAGWFIADKTGAGERGARGIVALLGPNNKAERIVVIYLRDTPASMAERNQQIAGIGAALIEHWQR"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "36024": {"category_aro_name": "SHV beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36024", "category_aro_accession": "3000015", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "SHV-1 shares 68 percent of its amino acids with TEM-1 and has a similar overall structure. The SHV-1 beta-lactamase is most commonly found in K. pneumoniae and is responsible for up to 20% of the plasmid-mediated ampicillin resistance in this species. ESBLs in this family also have amino acid changes around the active site, most commonly at positions 238 or 238 and 240. More than 60 SHV varieties are known."}}, "ARO_name": "SHV-193", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43595", "model_name": "SHV-193", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "3968": {"model_id": "3968", "ARO_accession": "3005246", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "725", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "ADC ortholog described by Nodari et al. 2020", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6332": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGCGATTTAAAAAAATTTCTTGTCTACTTTTATCCCCGCTTTTTATTTTTAGTACCTCAATTTATGCGGGCAATACACCAAAAGACCAAGAAATTAAAAAACTGGTAGATCAAAATTTTAAACCATTATTAGAAAAATATGATGTACCAGGTATGGCTGTGGGTGTTATTCAAAATAATAAAAAGTATGAAATGTATTATGGTCTTCAATCTGTTCAAGATAAAAAAGCCGTAAATAGCAGTACCATTTTTGAGCTAGGTTCTGTCAGTAAATTATTTACCGCGACAGCAGGTGGATATGCAAAAAATAAAGGAAAAATCTCTTTTGACGATACGCCTGGTAAATATTGGAAAGAGCTAAAAAATACACCGATTGATCAAGTTAACTTACTTCAACTCGCGACGTATACAAGTGGCAACCTCGCTTTACAATTTCCAGATGAAGTACAAACAGATCAACAAGTTTTAACTTTTTTCAAAGACTGGCAACCTAAAAACCCAATCGGTGAATACAGACAATATTCAAATCCAAGTATTGGCCTATTTGGAAAGGTTGTGGCTTTGTCTATGAATAAACCTTTCGACCAAGTCTTAGAAAAAACAATTTTTCCGGCCCTTGGCTTAAAACATAGCTATGTAAATGTACCTAAGACCCAGATGCAAAACTATGCTTTTGGCTATAACCAAGAAAATCAGCCGATTCGAGTTAACCCCGGCCCACTTGATGCCCCAGCATACGGCGTCAAATCGACACTACCCGACATGTTGAGTTTTATTCATGCCAACCTTACCCCACAGAAATATCCGACAGATATTCAACGGGCAATTAATGAAACACATCAAGGGTTCTATCAAGTCGGCACCATGTATCAGGCACTTGGTTGGGAAGAGTTTTCTTATCCGGCAACGTTACAAACTTTATTAGACAGTAATTCAGAACAGATTGTGATGAAACCTAATAAAGAGACTGCTATTTCAAAGGAACCTTCAGTTAAGATGTACCATAAAACTGGCTCAACCACCGGTTTCGGAACATATGTGGTCTTTATTCCTAAAGAAAATATTGGCTTAGTCATGTTAACCAATAAACGTATTCCAAATGAAGAGCGCATTAAGGCAGCTTATGCTGTGCTGAATGCAATAAAGAAATAA", "fmax": "1152", "accession": "MK248723.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Acinetobacter baumannii", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "470", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "35507"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "AZK35805.1", "sequence": "MRFKKISCLLLSPLFIFSTSIYAGNTPKDQEIKKLVDQNFKPLLEKYDVPGMAVGVIQNNKKYEMYYGLQSVQDKKAVNSSTIFELGSVSKLFTATAGGYAKNKGKISFDDTPGKYWKELKNTPIDQVNLLQLATYTSGNLALQFPDEVQTDQQVLTFFKDWQPKNPIGEYRQYSNPSIGLFGKVVALSMNKPFDQVLEKTIFPALGLKHSYVNVPKTQMQNYAFGYNQENQPIRVNPGPLDAPAYGVKSTLPDMLSFIHANLTPQKYPTDIQRAINETHQGFYQVGTMYQALGWEEFSYPATLQTLLDSNSEQIVMKPNKETAISKEPSVKMYHKTGSTTGFGTYVVFIPKENIGLVMLTNKRIPNEERIKAAYAVLNAIKK"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "40543": {"category_aro_name": "ADC beta-lactamase without carbapenemase activity", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "40543", "category_aro_accession": "3003846", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "ADC beta-lactamases, also known as AmpC beta-lactamases, are cephalosporinases with extended-spectrum resistance to cephalosporins but not to carbapenems. ADC beta-lactamases are found in Acinetobacter sp. and Oligella urethralis."}}, "ARO_name": "ADC-183", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43602", "model_name": "ADC-183", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "3969": {"model_id": "3969", "ARO_accession": "3005247", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "580", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "beta-lactamase gene from Klebsiella pneumoniae. Directly submitted to NCBI without publication on 07-NOV-2018", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6333": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGCGTTATATTCGCCTGTGTATTATCTCCCTGTTAGCCACCCTGCCGCTGGCGGTACACGCCAGCCCGCAGCCGCTTGAGCAAATTAAACAAAGCGAAAGCCAGCTGTCGGGCCGCGTAGGCATGATAGAAATGGATCTGGCCAGCGGCCGCACGCTGACCGCCTGGCGCGCCGATGAACGCTTTCCCATGATGAGCACCTTTAAAGTAGTGCTCTGCGGCGCAGTGCTGGCGCGGGTGGATGCCGGTGACGAACAGCTGGAGCGAAAGATCCACTATCGCCAGCAGGATCTGGTGGACTACTCGCCGGTCAGCGAAAAACACCTTGCCGACGGCATGACGGTCGGCGAACTCTGCGCCGCCGCCATTACCATGAGCGATAACAGCGCCGCCAATCTGCTGCTGGCCACCGTCGGCGGCCCCGCAGGATTGACTGCCTTTTTGCGCCAGATCGGCGACAACGTCACCCGCCTTGACCGCTGGGAAACGGAACTGAATGAGGCGCTTCCCGGCGACGCCCGCGACACCACTACCCCGGCCAGCATGGCCGCGACCCTGCGCAAGCTGCTGACCAGCCAGCGTCTGAGCGCCCGTTCGCAACGGCAGCTGCTGCAGTGGATGGTGGACGATCGGGTCGCCGGACCGTTGATCCGCTCCGTGCTGCCGGCGGGCTGGTTTATCGCCGATAAGACCGGAGCTGGCGAGCGGGGTGCGCGCGGGATTGTCGCCCTGCTTGGCCCGAATAACAAAGCAGAGCGCATTGTGGTGATTTATCTGCGGGATACGCCGGCGATCATGGCCGAGCGAAATCAGCAAATCGCCGGGATCGGCGCGGCGCTGATCGAGCACTGGCAACGCTAA", "fmax": "861", "accession": "NG_062300.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Klebsiella pneumoniae", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "573", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "35915"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_122630880.1", "sequence": "MRYIRLCIISLLATLPLAVHASPQPLEQIKQSESQLSGRVGMIEMDLASGRTLTAWRADERFPMMSTFKVVLCGAVLARVDAGDEQLERKIHYRQQDLVDYSPVSEKHLADGMTVGELCAAAITMSDNSAANLLLATVGGPAGLTAFLRQIGDNVTRLDRWETELNEALPGDARDTTTPASMAATLRKLLTSQRLSARSQRQLLQWMVDDRVAGPLIRSVLPAGWFIADKTGAGERGARGIVALLGPNNKAERIVVIYLRDTPAIMAERNQQIAGIGAALIEHWQR"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "36024": {"category_aro_name": "SHV beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36024", "category_aro_accession": "3000015", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "SHV-1 shares 68 percent of its amino acids with TEM-1 and has a similar overall structure. The SHV-1 beta-lactamase is most commonly found in K. pneumoniae and is responsible for up to 20% of the plasmid-mediated ampicillin resistance in this species. ESBLs in this family also have amino acid changes around the active site, most commonly at positions 238 or 238 and 240. More than 60 SHV varieties are known."}}, "ARO_name": "SHV-228", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43603", "model_name": "SHV-228", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4080": {"model_id": "4080", "ARO_accession": "3005348", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "170", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "DfrA36 is a dihydrofolate reductase that confers resistant to Trimethoprim. Originally described by Wuthrich et al., 2019, and isolated from Escherichia coli", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6453": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "TTGCTTTCAAAAAGTGATATATTGCTTCAATTTATATACTTTTATAATACATTCATTTTTCTAATAGCGTTTTTCATGAAAGTAAGTTTGATAGTTGCAATGGATCTTGAAAAGGGCATTGGTAAAAACAACGATTTGATGTGGCATTTACCGGCCGATATGCTTTTTTTTAAAGAAACTACACTGAATCACATTGTGGTTATGGGTAGGAAAAATTTCGAATCAATCCCTGAAAGGTTTCGTCCACTTCCAAATCGGGAAAATGCAATATTAACTCGGAATACAGCTTTTGAAGCACCGAATTGTACTGTTTTTCACAGCATGGAAGGTTGCTTGAAACACTATGAGAACGAAGATAAGAGAACCGTTTTTATCATTGGTGGCGGACAAATATATGAGGAGGCTTTAGAAAAAAACAGGGTTGATGAAATGTTTATAACCTTTGTGGATCATACTTTTGGTGCGGATACATTTTTTCCTTCCATCGATTTTTCGCTTTGGAATGAAGAGGTGCTGCGTGTGCATGAAGCAGATTCTAAAAATGCGTATAATTTTACGGTCAAAAAATTCACTAAGAAGTTATCCTGA", "fmax": "688", "accession": "NG_065842", "fmin": "100", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Gammaproteobacteria", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "1236", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "40536"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_000949574.1", "sequence": "MLSKSDILLQFIYFYNTFIFLIAFFMKVSLIVAMDLEKGIGKNNDLMWHLPADMLFFKETTLNHIVVMGRKNFESIPERFRPLPNRENAILTRNTAFEAPNCTVFHSMEGCLKHYENEDKRTVFIIGGGQIYEEALEKNRVDEMFITFVDHTFGADTFFPSIDFSLWNEEVLRVHEADSKNAYNFTVKKFTKKLS"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36327": {"category_aro_name": "trimethoprim", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36327", "category_aro_accession": "3000188", "category_aro_class_name": "Antibiotic", "category_aro_description": "Trimethoprim is a synthetic 5-(3,4,5- trimethoxybenzyl) pyrimidine inhibitor of dihydrofolate reductase, inhibiting synthesis of tetrahydrofolic acid. Tetrahydrofolic acid is an essential precursor in the de novo synthesis of the DNA nucleotide thymidine. Trimethoprim is a bacteriostatic antibiotic mainly used in the prophylaxis and treatment of urinary tract infections in combination with sulfamethoxazole, a sulfonamide antibiotic."}, "36310": {"category_aro_name": "diaminopyrimidine antibiotic", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36310", "category_aro_accession": "3000171", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Diaminopyrimidines are a class of organic compounds containing a pyrimidine ring substituted by two amine groups.  They are inhibitors of dihydrofolate reductase, an enzyme critical for DNA synthesis."}, "37617": {"category_aro_name": "trimethoprim resistant dihydrofolate reductase dfr", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "37617", "category_aro_accession": "3001218", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "Alternative dihydropteroate synthase dfr present on plasmids produces alternate proteins that are less sensitive to trimethoprim from inhibiting its role in folate synthesis, thus conferring trimethoprim resistance."}, "35998": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic target replacement", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35998", "category_aro_accession": "0001002", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Replacement or substitution of antibiotic action target, which process will result in antibiotic resistance."}}, "ARO_name": "DfrA36", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43708", "model_name": "DfrA36", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4081": {"model_id": "4081", "ARO_accession": "3005349", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "233", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "DfrA38 is a dihydrofolate reductase that confers resistant to Trimethoprim. Detected directly from NCBI and submitted without publication.", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6454": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGAATTGTTGTATAGTAGTTGGAATTGGACGTAATCGTGAAATAGGAAAAAACAATGACTTACCTTGGCATCTACCAAGAGATATGCAGTTTTTTAAAGAGACAACAACTGGACATATTGTCGTTATGGGTAGAAAAAACTGGGAGTCTATTCCAGACAAATTTAGACCCTTACCCAATCGTGTGAATATTGTCCTTACCCGAAACAAAGATTACAAAGCCGAAGGAGCATTAGTTATTCATGATTGGTCAGAGTTAGAGCAACACCTTTCAGCAGATAAAACATGTTTCATTATCGGAGGCTCTGAAATCTTTAAACAAGCTTTAGATGCTGGTCTTGTCAATGAAATGTATATAACACATATCGATGCTACTTTTGAGGGCGCTGACGTTTTCTTCCCATACGTAAATTGGGAAAATTGGACTGAAGAGGATATTCTACATTATACAAAGGATGAGAAAAATCCTTATTCGTTTACCATTAAAAAGTATTCGAAGTAA", "fmax": "601", "accession": "NG_071175", "fmin": "100", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Acinetobacter baumannii", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "470", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "35507"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_197749399.1", "sequence": "MNCCIVVGIGRNREIGKNNDLPWHLPRDMQFFKETTTGHIVVMGRKNWESIPDKFRPLPNRVNIVLTRNKDYKAEGALVIHDWSELEQHLSADKTCFIIGGSEIFKQALDAGLVNEMYITHIDATFEGADVFFPYVNWENWTEEDILHYTKDEKNPYSFTIKKYSK"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36327": {"category_aro_name": "trimethoprim", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36327", "category_aro_accession": "3000188", "category_aro_class_name": "Antibiotic", "category_aro_description": "Trimethoprim is a synthetic 5-(3,4,5- trimethoxybenzyl) pyrimidine inhibitor of dihydrofolate reductase, inhibiting synthesis of tetrahydrofolic acid. Tetrahydrofolic acid is an essential precursor in the de novo synthesis of the DNA nucleotide thymidine. Trimethoprim is a bacteriostatic antibiotic mainly used in the prophylaxis and treatment of urinary tract infections in combination with sulfamethoxazole, a sulfonamide antibiotic."}, "36310": {"category_aro_name": "diaminopyrimidine antibiotic", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36310", "category_aro_accession": "3000171", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Diaminopyrimidines are a class of organic compounds containing a pyrimidine ring substituted by two amine groups.  They are inhibitors of dihydrofolate reductase, an enzyme critical for DNA synthesis."}, "37617": {"category_aro_name": "trimethoprim resistant dihydrofolate reductase dfr", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "37617", "category_aro_accession": "3001218", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "Alternative dihydropteroate synthase dfr present on plasmids produces alternate proteins that are less sensitive to trimethoprim from inhibiting its role in folate synthesis, thus conferring trimethoprim resistance."}, "35998": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic target replacement", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35998", "category_aro_accession": "0001002", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Replacement or substitution of antibiotic action target, which process will result in antibiotic resistance."}}, "ARO_name": "DfrA38", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43709", "model_name": "DfrA38", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4082": {"model_id": "4082", "ARO_accession": "3005350", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "139", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "DfrB9 is a dihydrofolate reductase that confers resistant to Trimethoprim. Detected directly from NCBI and submitted without publication.", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6455": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGAATCAAAGTAGCAATTGCATCAGCACTCCAGTTGTTGGACAGTTTGCGCTGCCATTTCAACCCACGTTCGGCCTGGGAGATCGCGTACGCAAGAAGTCTGGCGCCGCTTGGCAAGGTAAAGTTGTCGGCTGGTACTGCACAAAATTAACCCCTGAAGGCTACGCGGTCGAGTCCGAAGCTCATCCAGGCTCAGTGCAGATTTATCCTGTGGCTGCGCTTGAACGCGTGGCCTAA", "fmax": "337", "accession": "NG_052167", "fmin": "100", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Enterobacteriaceae", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "543", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "40532"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_071846200.1", "sequence": "MNQSSNCISTPVVGQFALPFQPTFGLGDRVRKKSGAAWQGKVVGWYCTKLTPEGYAVESEAHPGSVQIYPVAALERVA"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36327": {"category_aro_name": "trimethoprim", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36327", "category_aro_accession": "3000188", "category_aro_class_name": "Antibiotic", "category_aro_description": "Trimethoprim is a synthetic 5-(3,4,5- trimethoxybenzyl) pyrimidine inhibitor of dihydrofolate reductase, inhibiting synthesis of tetrahydrofolic acid. Tetrahydrofolic acid is an essential precursor in the de novo synthesis of the DNA nucleotide thymidine. Trimethoprim is a bacteriostatic antibiotic mainly used in the prophylaxis and treatment of urinary tract infections in combination with sulfamethoxazole, a sulfonamide antibiotic."}, "36310": {"category_aro_name": "diaminopyrimidine antibiotic", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36310", "category_aro_accession": "3000171", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Diaminopyrimidines are a class of organic compounds containing a pyrimidine ring substituted by two amine groups.  They are inhibitors of dihydrofolate reductase, an enzyme critical for DNA synthesis."}, "37617": {"category_aro_name": "trimethoprim resistant dihydrofolate reductase dfr", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "37617", "category_aro_accession": "3001218", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "Alternative dihydropteroate synthase dfr present on plasmids produces alternate proteins that are less sensitive to trimethoprim from inhibiting its role in folate synthesis, thus conferring trimethoprim resistance."}, "35998": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic target replacement", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35998", "category_aro_accession": "0001002", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Replacement or substitution of antibiotic action target, which process will result in antibiotic resistance."}}, "ARO_name": "DfrB9", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43710", "model_name": "DfrB9", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4083": {"model_id": "4083", "ARO_accession": "3005351", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "239", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "DfrA39 is a dihydrofolate reductase that confers resistant to Trimethoprim. Detected directly from NCBI and submitted without publication.", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6456": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGAATACTCCGATGATTTATATATCACTTATTGCTGCAATGGGAGCTAATCGAGTAATCGGTAATGGGCCTAATATCCCATGGAAAATTCCTGGCGAGCAGATAATATTTAGAAAAATCACAGAGGGTAAAGTTTTAGTGATGGGACGAAAAACATTTGAGTCTATTGGTAAACCTCTCCCAAATAGAAAAACTCTTGTTATTAGCCGCAATCAGCACTACAAGTGCCAAGATTGCACTGTAGTAAAGAACCTAGACGAAGCAATTGCTATCGCGAAGGAATTTGGAAATGAACTTTTCGTCGCAGGCGGTGCAGAAATCTACTCATTGGCTATGCCAGTGGCTCATCGCATTTACCTGACAGAAATTAGTAAAAATTTCGAGGGTGATGTATTTTTCCCTGAATTCAATTCCGCTGATTTTCGCAAAATATCCAGCGAGGAAGTACCCGCATCTATTCCTTATACGCACTCGGTCTATGAGCGAAAATGTGGCTAA", "fmax": "598", "accession": "NG_070722", "fmin": "100", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Pseudomonas aeruginosa", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "287", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "36752"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_149100971.1", "sequence": "MNTPMIYISLIAAMGANRVIGNGPNIPWKIPGEQIIFRKITEGKVLVMGRKTFESIGKPLPNRKTLVISRNQHYKCQDCTVVKNLDEAIAIAKEFGNELFVAGGAEIYSLAMPVAHRIYLTEISKNFEGDVFFPEFNSADFRKISSEEVPASIPYTHSVYERKCG"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36327": {"category_aro_name": "trimethoprim", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36327", "category_aro_accession": "3000188", "category_aro_class_name": "Antibiotic", "category_aro_description": "Trimethoprim is a synthetic 5-(3,4,5- trimethoxybenzyl) pyrimidine inhibitor of dihydrofolate reductase, inhibiting synthesis of tetrahydrofolic acid. Tetrahydrofolic acid is an essential precursor in the de novo synthesis of the DNA nucleotide thymidine. Trimethoprim is a bacteriostatic antibiotic mainly used in the prophylaxis and treatment of urinary tract infections in combination with sulfamethoxazole, a sulfonamide antibiotic."}, "36310": {"category_aro_name": "diaminopyrimidine antibiotic", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36310", "category_aro_accession": "3000171", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Diaminopyrimidines are a class of organic compounds containing a pyrimidine ring substituted by two amine groups.  They are inhibitors of dihydrofolate reductase, an enzyme critical for DNA synthesis."}, "37617": {"category_aro_name": "trimethoprim resistant dihydrofolate reductase dfr", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "37617", "category_aro_accession": "3001218", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "Alternative dihydropteroate synthase dfr present on plasmids produces alternate proteins that are less sensitive to trimethoprim from inhibiting its role in folate synthesis, thus conferring trimethoprim resistance."}, "35998": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic target replacement", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35998", "category_aro_accession": "0001002", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Replacement or substitution of antibiotic action target, which process will result in antibiotic resistance."}}, "ARO_name": "DfrA39", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43711", "model_name": "DfrA39", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4085": {"model_id": "4085", "ARO_accession": "3005354", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "318", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "Dfr22 is a dihydrofolate reductase that confers resistant to Trimethoprim. Originally detected by Grape et al., (2005) and isolated from Escherichia coli", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6457": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGAACCCGGAATTGGTCCGCATTTATCTGGTCGCTGCCATGGGTGCCAATCGGGTTATTGGCAATGGCCCCGATATTCCCTGGAAAATCCCGGGTGAGCAAAAGATCTTTCGCAGGCTCACCGAGGGCAAAGTGGTCGTTATGGGCCGCAAGACGTTTGAGTCCATAGGCAAGCCCTTACCAAACCGCCGCACAGTGGTGCTCTCGCGCCAAGCCAGTTATAGCGCTGCTGGTTGTGCAGTTGTTTCAACGCTGTCGCAGGCTATTGCCATCGCAGCCGAACACGGCAAAGAGCTCTACGTGGCCGGCGGAGCCGAGGTATATGCACTGGCACTACCTCGTGCCGACGGCGTCTTTCTATCTGAGGTACATCAAACCTTCGAGGGTGACGCCTTCTTCCCTGTGCTCGACGAAGCAGAATTCGAGGTTGTCTCAGCCGAAACCGTTCAAGCCACAATCACGTACACGCACTCCGTCTATGCACGTCGTAACGGCTAA", "fmax": "822", "accession": "AJ628423", "fmin": "324", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Escherichia coli", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "562", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "35914"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "CAF31623.1", "sequence": "MNPELVRIYLVAAMGANRVIGNGPDIPWKIPGEQKIFRRLTEGKVVVMGRKTFESIGKPLPNRRTVVLSRQASYSAAGCAVVSTLSQAIAIAAEHGKELYVAGGAEVYALALPRADGVFLSEVHQTFEGDAFFPVLDEAEFEVVSAETVQATITYTHSVYARRNG"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36327": {"category_aro_name": "trimethoprim", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36327", "category_aro_accession": "3000188", "category_aro_class_name": "Antibiotic", "category_aro_description": "Trimethoprim is a synthetic 5-(3,4,5- trimethoxybenzyl) pyrimidine inhibitor of dihydrofolate reductase, inhibiting synthesis of tetrahydrofolic acid. Tetrahydrofolic acid is an essential precursor in the de novo synthesis of the DNA nucleotide thymidine. Trimethoprim is a bacteriostatic antibiotic mainly used in the prophylaxis and treatment of urinary tract infections in combination with sulfamethoxazole, a sulfonamide antibiotic."}, "36310": {"category_aro_name": "diaminopyrimidine antibiotic", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36310", "category_aro_accession": "3000171", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Diaminopyrimidines are a class of organic compounds containing a pyrimidine ring substituted by two amine groups.  They are inhibitors of dihydrofolate reductase, an enzyme critical for DNA synthesis."}, "37617": {"category_aro_name": "trimethoprim resistant dihydrofolate reductase dfr", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "37617", "category_aro_accession": "3001218", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "Alternative dihydropteroate synthase dfr present on plasmids produces alternate proteins that are less sensitive to trimethoprim from inhibiting its role in folate synthesis, thus conferring trimethoprim resistance."}, "35998": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic target replacement", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35998", "category_aro_accession": "0001002", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Replacement or substitution of antibiotic action target, which process will result in antibiotic resistance."}}, "ARO_name": "dfr22", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43714", "model_name": "dfr22", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4088": {"model_id": "4088", "ARO_accession": "3005356", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "550", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "Carbapenem-hydrolyzing class A beta-lactamase kpc-23 [Klebsiella pneumoniae] Accession: WP_111672911.1", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6464": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGTCACTGTATCGCCGTCTAGTTCTGCTGTCTTGTCTCTCATGGCCGCTGGCTGGCTTTTCTGCCACCGCGCTGACCAACCTCGTCGCGGAACCATTCGCTAAACTCGAACAGGACTTTGGCGGCTCCATCGGTGTGTACGCGATGGATACCGGCTCAGGCGCAACTGTAAGTTACCGCGCTGAGGAGCGCTTCCCACTGTGCAGCTCATTCAAGGGCTTTCTTGCTGCCGCTGTGCTGGCTCGCAGCCAGCAGCAGGCCGGCTTGCTGGACACACCCATCCGTTACGGCAAAAATGCGCTGGTTCCGTGGTCACCCATCTCGGAAAAATATCTGACAACAGGCATGACGGTGGCGGAGCTGTCCGCGGCCGCCGTGCAATACAGTGATAACGCCGCCGCCAATTTGTTGCTGAAGGAGTTGGGCGGCCCGGCCGGGCTGACGGCCTTCATGCGCTCTATCGGCGATACCACGTTCCGTCTGGACCGCTGGGAGCTGGAGCTGAACTCCGCCATCCCAGGCGATGCGCGCGATACCTCATCGCCGCGCGCCGTGACGGAAAGCTTACAAAAACTGACACTGGGCTCTGCACTGGCTGCGCCGCAGCGGCAGCAGTTTGTTGATTGGCTAAAGGGAAACACGACCGGCAACCACCGCATCCGCGCGGCGGTGCCGGCAGACTGGGCAGTCGGAGACAAAACCGGAACCTGCGGAGCGTATGGCACGGCAAATGACTATGCCGTCGTCTGGCCCACTGGGCGCGCACCTATTGTGTTGGCCGTCTACACCCGGGCGCCTAACAAGGATGACAAGTACAGCGAGGCCGTCATCGCCGCTGCGGCTAGACTCGCGCTCGAGGGATTGGGCGTCAACGGGCAGTAA", "fmax": "882", "accession": "MH450213.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Klebsiella pneumoniae", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "573", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "35915"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "AWU66461.1", "sequence": "MSLYRRLVLLSCLSWPLAGFSATALTNLVAEPFAKLEQDFGGSIGVYAMDTGSGATVSYRAEERFPLCSSFKGFLAAAVLARSQQQAGLLDTPIRYGKNALVPWSPISEKYLTTGMTVAELSAAAVQYSDNAAANLLLKELGGPAGLTAFMRSIGDTTFRLDRWELELNSAIPGDARDTSSPRAVTESLQKLTLGSALAAPQRQQFVDWLKGNTTGNHRIRAAVPADWAVGDKTGTCGAYGTANDYAVVWPTGRAPIVLAVYTRAPNKDDKYSEAVIAAAARLALEGLGVNGQ"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "35923": {"category_aro_name": "monobactam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35923", "category_aro_accession": "0000004", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Monobactams are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Unlike penams and cephems, monobactams do not have any ring fused to its four-member lactam structure. Monobactam antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36198": {"category_aro_name": "KPC beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36198", "category_aro_accession": "3000059", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenem resistant (KPC) beta-lactamases are notorious for their ability to efficiently hydrolyze carbapenems, unlike other Ambler Class A beta-lactamases.  There are currently 9 variants reported worldwide.  These enzymes were first isolated from Klebsiella pneumoniae strains in 2001 in the United States.  Hospital outbreaks have since been reported in Greece and Israel and KPC carrying strains are now endemic to New York facilities.  KPC-1 and KPC-2 have been shown to be identical and are now referred to as KPC-2."}}, "ARO_name": "KPC-23", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43716", "model_name": "KPC-23", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4089": {"model_id": "4089", "ARO_accession": "3005357", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "550", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "Carbapenem-hydrolyzing class A beta-lactamase kpc-25 [Klebsiella pneumoniae] Accession: WP_065419571.1", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6493": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGTCACTGTATCGCCGTCTAGTTCTGCTGTCTTGTCTCTCATGGCCGCTGGCTGGCTTTTCTGCCACCGCGCTGACCAACCTCGTCGCGGAACCATTCGCTAAACTCGAACAGGACTTTGGCGGCTCCATCGGTGTGTACGCGATGGATACCGGCTCAGGCGCAACTGTAAGTTACCGCGCTGAGGAGCGCTTCCCACTGTGCAGCTCATTCAAGGGCTTTCTTGCTGCCGCTGTGCTGGCTCGCAGCCAGCAGCAGGCCGGCTTGCTGGACACACCCATCCGTTACGGCAAAAATGCGCTGGTTCCGTGGTCACCCATCTCGGAAAAATATCTGACAACAGGCATGACGGTGGCGGAGCTGTCCGCGGCCGCCGTGCAATACAGTGATAACGCCGCCGCCAATTTGTTGCTGAAGGAGTTGGGCGGCCCGGCCGGGCTGACGGCCTTCATGCGCTCTATCGGCGATACCACGTTCCGTCTGGACCGCTGGGAGCTGGAGCTGGAGCTGAACTCCGCCATCCCAGGCGATGCGCGCGATACCTCATCGCCGCGCGCCGTGACGGAAAGCTTACAAAAACTGACACTGGGCTCTGCACTGGCTGCGCCGCAGCGGCAGCAGTTTGTTGATTGGCTAAAGGGAAACACGACCGGCAACCACCGCATCCGCGCGGCGGTGCCGGCAGACTGGGCAGTCGGAGACAAAACCGGAACCTGCGGAGTGTATGGCACGGCAAATGACTATGCCGTCGTCTGGCCCACTGGGCGCGCACCTATTGTGTTGGCCGTCTACACCCGGGCGCCTAACAAGGATGACAAGCACAGCGAGGCCGTCATCGCCGCTGCGGCTAGACTCGCGCTCGAGGGATTGGGCGTCAACGGGCAGTAA", "fmax": "888", "accession": "NG_051167.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Klebsiella pneumoniae", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "573", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "35915"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_065419571.1", "sequence": "MSLYRRLVLLSCLSWPLAGFSATALTNLVAEPFAKLEQDFGGSIGVYAMDTGSGATVSYRAEERFPLCSSFKGFLAAAVLARSQQQAGLLDTPIRYGKNALVPWSPISEKYLTTGMTVAELSAAAVQYSDNAAANLLLKELGGPAGLTAFMRSIGDTTFRLDRWELELELNSAIPGDARDTSSPRAVTESLQKLTLGSALAAPQRQQFVDWLKGNTTGNHRIRAAVPADWAVGDKTGTCGVYGTANDYAVVWPTGRAPIVLAVYTRAPNKDDKHSEAVIAAAARLALEGLGVNGQ"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "35923": {"category_aro_name": "monobactam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35923", "category_aro_accession": "0000004", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Monobactams are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Unlike penams and cephems, monobactams do not have any ring fused to its four-member lactam structure. Monobactam antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36198": {"category_aro_name": "KPC beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36198", "category_aro_accession": "3000059", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenem resistant (KPC) beta-lactamases are notorious for their ability to efficiently hydrolyze carbapenems, unlike other Ambler Class A beta-lactamases.  There are currently 9 variants reported worldwide.  These enzymes were first isolated from Klebsiella pneumoniae strains in 2001 in the United States.  Hospital outbreaks have since been reported in Greece and Israel and KPC carrying strains are now endemic to New York facilities.  KPC-1 and KPC-2 have been shown to be identical and are now referred to as KPC-2."}}, "ARO_name": "KPC-25", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43717", "model_name": "KPC-25", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4008": {"model_id": "4008", "ARO_accession": "3005276", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "800", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "PDC-284 is a class C beta-lactamase found in Pseudomonas aeruginosa", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6372": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGCGCGATACCAGATTCCCCTGCCTGTGCGGCATCGCCGCTTCCACACTGCTGTTCGCCACCACCCCGGCCATTGCCGATGAGGCCCCGGCGGATCGCCTGAAGGCACTGGTCGACGCCGCCGTACAACCGGTGATGAAGGCCAATGACATTCCGGGCCTGGCCGTAGCCATCAGCCTGAAAGGAGAACCGCATTACTTCAGCTATGGGCTGGCCTCGAAAGAGGACGGCCGCCGGGTGACGCCGGAGACCCTGTTCGAGATCGGCTCGGTGAGCAAGACCTTCACCGCCACCCTCGCCGGCTATGCCCTGGCCCAGGACAAGATGCGCCTCGACGACCGCGCCAGCCAGCACTGGCCGGCGCTGCAGGGCAGCCGCTTCGACGGCATCAGCCTGCTCGACCTCGCGACCTATACCGCCGGCGGCTTGCCGCTGCAGTTCCCCGACTCGGTGCAGAAGGACCGGGCACAGATCCGCGACTACTACCGCCAGTGGCAGCCGACCTACGCGCCGGGCAGTCAGCGCCTCTATTCCAACCCGAGCATCGGCCTGTTCGGCTATCTCGCCGCGCGCAGCCTGGGCCAGCCGTTCGAACGGCTCATGGAGCAGCAATTGTTCCCGGCACTGGGCCTCGAACAGACCCACCTCGACGTGCCCGAGGCGGCGCTGGCGCAGTACGCCCAGGGCTACGGCAAGGACGACCGCCCGCTACGGGTCGGTCCCGGCCCGCTGGATGCCGAAGGCTACGGGGTGAAGACCAGCGCGGCCGACCTGCTGCGCTTCGTCGATGCCAACCTGCATCCGGAGCGCCTGGACAGGCCCTGGGCGCAGGCGCTCGATGCCACTCATCGCGGTTACTACAAGGTCGGCGACATCACCCAGGGCCTGGGCTGGGAAGCCTACGACTGGCCGATCTCCCTGAAGCGCCTGCAGGCCGGCAACTCGACGCCGATGGCGCTGCAACCACACAGGATCGCCAGGCTGCCCGCGCCACAGGCGCTGGAGGGCCAGCGCCTGCTGAACAAGACCGGCTCCACCAACGGCTTCGGCGCCTACGTGGCGTTCATTCCGGGCCGCGACCTGGGCCTGGTGATCCTGGCCAACCGCAACTATCCCAATGCCGAGCGGGTGAAGATCGCCTACGCCATCCTCAGCGGCCTGGAGCAGCAGGCCAAGGTGCCGCTGAAGCGCTGA", "fmax": "1194", "accession": "NG_060554.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Pseudomonas aeruginosa", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "287", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "36752"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_111672897.1", "sequence": "MRDTRFPCLCGIAASTLLFATTPAIADEAPADRLKALVDAAVQPVMKANDIPGLAVAISLKGEPHYFSYGLASKEDGRRVTPETLFEIGSVSKTFTATLAGYALAQDKMRLDDRASQHWPALQGSRFDGISLLDLATYTAGGLPLQFPDSVQKDRAQIRDYYRQWQPTYAPGSQRLYSNPSIGLFGYLAARSLGQPFERLMEQQLFPALGLEQTHLDVPEAALAQYAQGYGKDDRPLRVGPGPLDAEGYGVKTSAADLLRFVDANLHPERLDRPWAQALDATHRGYYKVGDITQGLGWEAYDWPISLKRLQAGNSTPMALQPHRIARLPAPQALEGQRLLNKTGSTNGFGAYVAFIPGRDLGLVILANRNYPNAERVKIAYAILSGLEQQAKVPLKR"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36237": {"category_aro_name": "PDC beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36237", "category_aro_accession": "3000098", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "PDC beta-lactamases are class C beta-lactamases that are found in Pseudomonas aeruginosa."}, "35923": {"category_aro_name": "monobactam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35923", "category_aro_accession": "0000004", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Monobactams are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Unlike penams and cephems, monobactams do not have any ring fused to its four-member lactam structure. Monobactam antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}}, "ARO_name": "PDC-284", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43633", "model_name": "PDC-284", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4009": {"model_id": "4009", "ARO_accession": "3005277", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "800", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "PDC-105 is a class C beta-lactamase found in Pseudomonas aeruginosa", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6373": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGCGCGATACCAGATTCTCCTGCCTGTGCGGCATCGCCGCTTCCACACTGCTGTTCGCCACCACCCCGGCCATTGCCGATGAGGCCCCGGCGGATCGCCTGAAGGCACTGGTCGACGCCGCCGTACAACCGGTGATGAAGGCCAATGACATTCCGGGCCTGGCCGTAGCCATCAGCCTGAAAGGAGAACCGCATTACTTCAGCTATGGGCTGGCCTCGAAAGAGGACGGCCGCCGGGTGACGCCGGAGACCCTGTTCGAGATCGGCTCGGTGAGCAAGACCTTCACCGCCACCCTCGCCGGCTATGCCCTGGCCCAGGACAAGATGCGCCTCGACGACCGCGCCAGCCAGCACTGGCCGGCACTGCAGGGCAGCCGCTTCGACGGCATCAGCCTGCTCGACCTCGCGACCTATACCGCCGGCGGCTTGCCGCTGCAGTTCCCCGACTCGGTGCAGAAGGACCAGACACAGATCCGCGACTACTACCGCCAGTGGCAGCCGACCTACGCGCCGGGCAGCCAGCGCCTCTATTCCAACCCGAGCATCGGCCTGTTCGGCTATCTCGCCGCGCGCAGCCTGGGCCAGCCGTTCGAACGGCTCATGGAGCAGCAATTGTTCCCGGCACTGGGCCTCGAACAGACCCACCTCGACGTGCCCGAGGCGGCGCTGGCGCAGTACGCCCAGGGCTACGGCAAGGACGACCGCCCGCTACGGGTCGGTCCCGGCCCGCTGGATGCCGAAGGCTACGGGGTGAAGACCAGCGCGGCCGACCTGCTGCGCTTCGTCGATGCCAACCTGCATCCGGAGCGCCTGGACAGGCCCTGGGCGCAGGCGCTCGATGCCACCCATCGCGGTTACTACAAGGTCGGCGACATGACCCAGGGCCTGGGCTGGGAAGCCTACGACTGGCCGATCTCCCTGAAGCGCCTGCAGGCCGGCAACTCGACGCCGATGGCGCTGCAACCACACAGGATCGCCAGGCTGCCCGCGCCACAGGCGCTGGAGGGCCAGCGCCTGCTGAACAAGACCGGCTCCACCAACGGCTTCGGCGCCTACGTGGCGTTCATTCCGGGCCGCGACCTGGGCCTGGTGATCCTGGCCAACCGCAACTATCCCAATGCCGAGCGGGTGAAGATCGCCTACGCCATCCTCAGCGGCCTGGAGCAGCAGGCCAAGGTGCCGCTGAAGCGCTGA", "fmax": "1194", "accession": "NG_049872.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Pseudomonas aeruginosa", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "287", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "36752"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_063864562.1", "sequence": "MRDTRFSCLCGIAASTLLFATTPAIADEAPADRLKALVDAAVQPVMKANDIPGLAVAISLKGEPHYFSYGLASKEDGRRVTPETLFEIGSVSKTFTATLAGYALAQDKMRLDDRASQHWPALQGSRFDGISLLDLATYTAGGLPLQFPDSVQKDQTQIRDYYRQWQPTYAPGSQRLYSNPSIGLFGYLAARSLGQPFERLMEQQLFPALGLEQTHLDVPEAALAQYAQGYGKDDRPLRVGPGPLDAEGYGVKTSAADLLRFVDANLHPERLDRPWAQALDATHRGYYKVGDMTQGLGWEAYDWPISLKRLQAGNSTPMALQPHRIARLPAPQALEGQRLLNKTGSTNGFGAYVAFIPGRDLGLVILANRNYPNAERVKIAYAILSGLEQQAKVPLKR"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36237": {"category_aro_name": "PDC beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36237", "category_aro_accession": "3000098", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "PDC beta-lactamases are class C beta-lactamases that are found in Pseudomonas aeruginosa."}, "35923": {"category_aro_name": "monobactam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35923", "category_aro_accession": "0000004", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Monobactams are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Unlike penams and cephems, monobactams do not have any ring fused to its four-member lactam structure. Monobactam antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}}, "ARO_name": "PDC-105", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43634", "model_name": "PDC-105", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4000": {"model_id": "4000", "ARO_accession": "3005268", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "500", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "TEM-237 is a beta-lactamase.", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6364": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGAGTATTCAACATTTCCGTGTCGCCCTTATTCCCTTTTTTGCGGCATTTTGCCTTCCTGTTTTTGCTCACCCAGAAACGCTGGTGAAAGTAAAAGATGCTGAAGATCAGTTGGGTGCACGAGTGGGTTACATCGAACTGGATCTCAACAGCGGTAAGATCCTTGAGAGTTTTCGCCCCGAAGAACGTTTTCCAATGATGAGCACTTTTAAAGTTCTGCTATGTGGCGCGGTATTATCCCGTGTTGACGCCGGGCAAGAGCAACTCGGTCGCCGCATACACTATTCTCAGAATGACTTGGTTGAGTACTCACCAGTCACAGAAAAGCATCTTACGGATGGCATGACAGTAAGAGAATTATGCAGTGCTGCCATAACCATGAGTGATAACACTGCGGCCAACTTACTTCTGACAACGATCGGAGGACCGAAGGAGCTAACCGCTTTTTTGCACAACATGGGGGATCATGTAACTCGCCTTGATCGTTGGGAACCGGAGCTGAATGAAGCCATACCAAACGACGAGCGTGACACCACGATGCCTGCAGCAATGGCAACAACGTTGCGCAAACTATTAACTGGCGAACTACTTACTCTAGCTTCCCGGCAACAATTAATAGACTGGATGGAGGCGGATAAAGTTGCAGGACCACTTCTGCGCTCGGCCCTTCCGGCTGGCTGGTTTATTGCTGATAAATCTGGAGCCGGTGAGCGTGGGTCTCGCGGTATCATTGCAGCACTGGGGCCAGATGGTAAGCCCTCCCGTATCGTAGTTATCTACACGACGGGGGGTCAGGCAACTATGGATGAACGAAATAGACAGATCGCTGAGATAGGTGCCTCACTGATTAAGCATTGGTAA", "fmax": "961", "accession": "NG_062250.1", "fmin": "100", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Escherichia coli", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "562", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "35914"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_122630841.1", "sequence": "MSIQHFRVALIPFFAAFCLPVFAHPETLVKVKDAEDQLGARVGYIELDLNSGKILESFRPEERFPMMSTFKVLLCGAVLSRVDAGQEQLGRRIHYSQNDLVEYSPVTEKHLTDGMTVRELCSAAITMSDNTAANLLLTTIGGPKELTAFLHNMGDHVTRLDRWEPELNEAIPNDERDTTMPAAMATTLRKLLTGELLTLASRQQLIDWMEADKVAGPLLRSALPAGWFIADKSGAGERGSRGIIAALGPDGKPSRIVVIYTTGGQATMDERNRQIAEIGASLIKHW"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "40360": {"category_aro_name": "penem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "40360", "category_aro_accession": "3003706", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penems are a class of unsaturated beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. All penems are all synthetically made and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. They are structurally similar to carbapenems, however, where carbapenems have a carbon, penems have a sulfur."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36023": {"category_aro_name": "TEM beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36023", "category_aro_accession": "3000014", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "TEM-1 is the most commonly-encountered beta-lactamase in gram-negative bacteria. Up to 90% of ampicillin resistance in E. coli is due to the production of TEM-1. Also responsible for the ampicillin and penicillin resistance that is seen in H. influenzae and N. gonorrhoeae in increasing numbers. Although TEM-type beta-lactamases are most often found in E. coli and K. pneumoniae, they are also found in other species of gram-negative bacteria with increasing frequency. The amino acid substitutions responsible for the ESBL phenotype cluster around the active site of the enzyme and change its configuration, allowing access to oxyimino-beta-lactam substrates. Opening the active site to beta-lactam substrates also typically enhances the susceptibility of the enzyme to b-lactamase inhibitors, such as clavulanic acid.  Although the inhibitor-resistant beta-lactamases are not ESBLs, they are often discussed with ESBLs because they are also derivatives of the classical TEM- or SHV-type enzymes. These enzymes were at first given the designation IRT for inhibitor-resistant TEM beta-lactamase; however, all have subsequently been renamed with numerical TEM designations. There are at least 19 distinct inhibitor-resistant TEM beta-lactamases. Inhibitor-resistant TEM beta-lactamases have been found mainly in clinical isolates of E. coli, but also some strains of K. pneumoniae, Klebsiella oxytoca, P. mirabilis, and Citrobacter freundii. Although the inhibitor-resistant TEM variants are resistant to inhibition by clavulanic acid and sulbactam, thereby showing clinical resistance to the beta-lactam-lactamase inhibitor combinations of amoxicillin-clavulanate (Co-amoxiclav), ticarcillin-clavulanate, and ampicillin/sulbactam, they normally remain susceptible to inhibition by tazobactam and subsequently the combination of piperacillin/tazobactam, although resistance has been described."}, "36981": {"category_aro_name": "ampicillin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36981", "category_aro_accession": "3000637", "category_aro_class_name": "Antibiotic", "category_aro_description": "Ampicillin is a penicillin derivative that is highly acid stable, with its activity similar to benzylpenicillin."}, "35923": {"category_aro_name": "monobactam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35923", "category_aro_accession": "0000004", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Monobactams are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Unlike penams and cephems, monobactams do not have any ring fused to its four-member lactam structure. Monobactam antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}}, "ARO_name": "TEM-237", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43625", "model_name": "TEM-237", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4001": {"model_id": "4001", "ARO_accession": "3005269", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "500", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "TEM-238 is a beta-lactamase.", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6365": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGAGTATTCAACATTTTCGTGTCGCCCTTATTCCCTTTTTTGCGGCATTTTGCCTTCCTGTTTTTGCTCACCCAGAAACGCTGGTGAAAGTAAAAGATGCTGAAGATCAGTTGGGTGCACGAGTGGGTTACATCGAACTGGATCTCAACAGCGGTAAGATCCTTGAGAGTTTTCGCCCCGAAGAACGTTTTCCAATGATAAGCACTTTTAAAGTTCTGCTATGTGGTGCGGTATTATCCCGTGTTGACGCCGGGCAAGAGCAACTCGGTCGCCGCATACACTATTCTCAGAATGACTTGGTTGAGTACTCACCAGTCACAGAAAAGCATCTTACGGATGGCATGACAGTAAGAGAATTATGCAGTGCTGCCATAACCATGAGTGATAACACTGCGGCCAACTTACTTCTGACAACGATCGGAGGACCGAAGGAGCTAACCGCTTTTTTGCACAACATGGGGGATCATGTAACTCGCCTTGATCGTAGGGAACCGGAGCTGAATGAAGCCATACCAAACGACGAGCGTGACACCACGACGCCTGCAGCAATGGCAACAACGTTGCGCAAACTATTAACTGGCGAACTACTTACTCTAGCTTCCCGGCAACAATTAATAGACTGGATGGAGGCGGATAAAGTTGCAGGACCACTTCTGCGCTCGGCCCTTCCGGCTGGCTGGTTTATTGCTGATAAATCTGGAGCCGGTGAGCGTGGGTCTCGCGGTATCATTGCAGCACTGGGGCCAGATGGTAAGCCCTCCCGTATCGTAGTTATCTACACGACGGGGAGTCAGGCAACTATGGATGAACGAAATAGACAGATCGCTGAGATAGGTGCCTCACTGATTAAGCATTGGTAA", "fmax": "861", "accession": "NG_067163.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Escherichia coli", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "562", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "35914"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_131419583.1", "sequence": "MSIQHFRVALIPFFAAFCLPVFAHPETLVKVKDAEDQLGARVGYIELDLNSGKILESFRPEERFPMISTFKVLLCGAVLSRVDAGQEQLGRRIHYSQNDLVEYSPVTEKHLTDGMTVRELCSAAITMSDNTAANLLLTTIGGPKELTAFLHNMGDHVTRLDRREPELNEAIPNDERDTTTPAAMATTLRKLLTGELLTLASRQQLIDWMEADKVAGPLLRSALPAGWFIADKSGAGERGSRGIIAALGPDGKPSRIVVIYTTGSQATMDERNRQIAEIGASLIKHW"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "40360": {"category_aro_name": "penem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "40360", "category_aro_accession": "3003706", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penems are a class of unsaturated beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. All penems are all synthetically made and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. They are structurally similar to carbapenems, however, where carbapenems have a carbon, penems have a sulfur."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36023": {"category_aro_name": "TEM beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36023", "category_aro_accession": "3000014", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "TEM-1 is the most commonly-encountered beta-lactamase in gram-negative bacteria. Up to 90% of ampicillin resistance in E. coli is due to the production of TEM-1. Also responsible for the ampicillin and penicillin resistance that is seen in H. influenzae and N. gonorrhoeae in increasing numbers. Although TEM-type beta-lactamases are most often found in E. coli and K. pneumoniae, they are also found in other species of gram-negative bacteria with increasing frequency. The amino acid substitutions responsible for the ESBL phenotype cluster around the active site of the enzyme and change its configuration, allowing access to oxyimino-beta-lactam substrates. Opening the active site to beta-lactam substrates also typically enhances the susceptibility of the enzyme to b-lactamase inhibitors, such as clavulanic acid.  Although the inhibitor-resistant beta-lactamases are not ESBLs, they are often discussed with ESBLs because they are also derivatives of the classical TEM- or SHV-type enzymes. These enzymes were at first given the designation IRT for inhibitor-resistant TEM beta-lactamase; however, all have subsequently been renamed with numerical TEM designations. There are at least 19 distinct inhibitor-resistant TEM beta-lactamases. Inhibitor-resistant TEM beta-lactamases have been found mainly in clinical isolates of E. coli, but also some strains of K. pneumoniae, Klebsiella oxytoca, P. mirabilis, and Citrobacter freundii. Although the inhibitor-resistant TEM variants are resistant to inhibition by clavulanic acid and sulbactam, thereby showing clinical resistance to the beta-lactam-lactamase inhibitor combinations of amoxicillin-clavulanate (Co-amoxiclav), ticarcillin-clavulanate, and ampicillin/sulbactam, they normally remain susceptible to inhibition by tazobactam and subsequently the combination of piperacillin/tazobactam, although resistance has been described."}, "36981": {"category_aro_name": "ampicillin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36981", "category_aro_accession": "3000637", "category_aro_class_name": "Antibiotic", "category_aro_description": "Ampicillin is a penicillin derivative that is highly acid stable, with its activity similar to benzylpenicillin."}, "35923": {"category_aro_name": "monobactam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35923", "category_aro_accession": "0000004", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Monobactams are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Unlike penams and cephems, monobactams do not have any ring fused to its four-member lactam structure. Monobactam antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}}, "ARO_name": "TEM-238", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43626", "model_name": "TEM-238", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4002": {"model_id": "4002", "ARO_accession": "3005270", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "500", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "TEM-240 is a beta-lactamase.", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6366": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGAGTATTCAACATTTCCGTGTCGCCCTTATTCCCTTTTTTGCGGCATTTTGCCTTCCTGTTTTTGCTCACCCAGAAACGCTGGTGAAAGTAAAAGATGCTGAAGATCAGTTGGGTGCACGAGTGGGTTACATCGAACTGGATCTCAACAGCGGTAAGATCCTTGAGAGTTTTCGCCCCGAAGAACGTTTTCCAATGATGAGCACTTTTAAAGTTCTGCTATGTGGTGCGGTATTATCCCGTGTTGACGCCGGGCAAGAGCAACTCGGTCGCCGCATACACTATTCTCAGAATGACTTGGTTGAGTACTCACCAGTCACAGAAAAGCATCTTACGGATGGCATGACAGTAAGAGAATTATGCAGTGCTGCCATAACCATGAGTGATAACACTGCGGCCAACTTACTTCTGACAACGATCGGAGGACCGAAGGAGCTAACCGCTTTTTTGCACAACATGGGGGATCATGTAACTCGCCTTGATCGTTGGGAACCGGAGCTGAATGAAGCCATACCAAACGACGAGCGTGACACCACGACGCCTGCAGCAATGGCAACAACGTTGCGCAAACTATTAACTGGCGAACTACTTACTCTAGCTTCCCGGCAACAATTAATAGACTGGATGGAGGCGGATAAAGTTGCAGGACCACTTCTGCGCTCGGCCCTTCCGGCTGGCTGGTTTATTGCTGATAAATCTGGAGCCGGTGAGCATGGGTCTCGCGGTATCATTGCAGCACTGGGGCCAGATGGTAAGCCCTCCCGTATCGTAGTTATCTACACGACGGGGAGTCAGGCAACTATGGATGAACGAAATAGACAGATCGCTGAGATAGGTGCCTCACTGATTAAGCATTGGTAA", "fmax": "861", "accession": "NG_066544.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Klebsiella variicola", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "244366", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "42612"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_150823495.1", "sequence": "MSIQHFRVALIPFFAAFCLPVFAHPETLVKVKDAEDQLGARVGYIELDLNSGKILESFRPEERFPMMSTFKVLLCGAVLSRVDAGQEQLGRRIHYSQNDLVEYSPVTEKHLTDGMTVRELCSAAITMSDNTAANLLLTTIGGPKELTAFLHNMGDHVTRLDRWEPELNEAIPNDERDTTTPAAMATTLRKLLTGELLTLASRQQLIDWMEADKVAGPLLRSALPAGWFIADKSGAGEHGSRGIIAALGPDGKPSRIVVIYTTGSQATMDERNRQIAEIGASLIKHW"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "40360": {"category_aro_name": "penem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "40360", "category_aro_accession": "3003706", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penems are a class of unsaturated beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. All penems are all synthetically made and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. They are structurally similar to carbapenems, however, where carbapenems have a carbon, penems have a sulfur."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36023": {"category_aro_name": "TEM beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36023", "category_aro_accession": "3000014", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "TEM-1 is the most commonly-encountered beta-lactamase in gram-negative bacteria. Up to 90% of ampicillin resistance in E. coli is due to the production of TEM-1. Also responsible for the ampicillin and penicillin resistance that is seen in H. influenzae and N. gonorrhoeae in increasing numbers. Although TEM-type beta-lactamases are most often found in E. coli and K. pneumoniae, they are also found in other species of gram-negative bacteria with increasing frequency. The amino acid substitutions responsible for the ESBL phenotype cluster around the active site of the enzyme and change its configuration, allowing access to oxyimino-beta-lactam substrates. Opening the active site to beta-lactam substrates also typically enhances the susceptibility of the enzyme to b-lactamase inhibitors, such as clavulanic acid.  Although the inhibitor-resistant beta-lactamases are not ESBLs, they are often discussed with ESBLs because they are also derivatives of the classical TEM- or SHV-type enzymes. These enzymes were at first given the designation IRT for inhibitor-resistant TEM beta-lactamase; however, all have subsequently been renamed with numerical TEM designations. There are at least 19 distinct inhibitor-resistant TEM beta-lactamases. Inhibitor-resistant TEM beta-lactamases have been found mainly in clinical isolates of E. coli, but also some strains of K. pneumoniae, Klebsiella oxytoca, P. mirabilis, and Citrobacter freundii. Although the inhibitor-resistant TEM variants are resistant to inhibition by clavulanic acid and sulbactam, thereby showing clinical resistance to the beta-lactam-lactamase inhibitor combinations of amoxicillin-clavulanate (Co-amoxiclav), ticarcillin-clavulanate, and ampicillin/sulbactam, they normally remain susceptible to inhibition by tazobactam and subsequently the combination of piperacillin/tazobactam, although resistance has been described."}, "36981": {"category_aro_name": "ampicillin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36981", "category_aro_accession": "3000637", "category_aro_class_name": "Antibiotic", "category_aro_description": "Ampicillin is a penicillin derivative that is highly acid stable, with its activity similar to benzylpenicillin."}, "35923": {"category_aro_name": "monobactam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35923", "category_aro_accession": "0000004", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Monobactams are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Unlike penams and cephems, monobactams do not have any ring fused to its four-member lactam structure. Monobactam antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}}, "ARO_name": "TEM-240", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43627", "model_name": "TEM-240", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4003": {"model_id": "4003", "ARO_accession": "3005271", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "500", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "TEM-241 is a beta-lactamase.", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6367": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGAGTATTCAACATTTCCGTGTCGCCCTTATTCCCTTTTTTGCGGCATTTTGCCTTCCTGTTTTTGCTCACCCAGAAACGCTGGTGAAAGTAAAAGATGCTGAAGATAAGTTGGGTGCACGAGTGGGTTACATCGAGCTGGATCTCAACAGCGGTAAGATCCTTGAGAGTTTTCGCCCCGAAGAACGTTTTCCAATGATGAGCACTTTTAAAGTTCTGCTATGTGGTGCGGTATTATCCCGTGTTGACGCCGGGCAAGAGCAACTCGGTCGCCGCATACACTATTCTCAGAATGACTTGGTTGAGTACTCACCAGTCACAGAAAAGCATCTTACGGATGGCATGACAGTAAGAGAATTATGCAGTGCTGCCATAACCATGAGTGATAACACTGCGGCCAACTTACTTCTGACAACGATCGGAGGACCGAAGGAGCTAACCGCTTTTTTGCGCAACATGGGGGATCATGTAACCCGCCTTGATCATTGGGAACCGGAGCTGAATGAAGCCATACCAAACGACGAGCGTGACACCACGATGCCTGCAGCAATGGCAACAACGTTGCGCAAACTATTAACTGGCGAACTACTTACTCTAGCTTCCCGGCAACAATTAATAGACTGGATGGAGGCGGATAAAGTTGCAGGACCACTTCTGCGCTCGGCCCTTCCGGCTGGCTGGTTTATTGCTGATAAATCTGGAGCCGGTGAGCGTGGATCTCGCGGTATCATTGCAGCACTGGGGCCAGATGGTAAGCCCTCCCGTATCGTAGTTATCTACACGACGGGGAGTCAGGCAACTATGGATGAACGAAATAGACAGATCGCTGAGATAGGTGCCTCACTGATTAAGCATTGGTAA", "fmax": "861", "accession": "NG_065938.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Pseudomonas aeruginosa", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "287", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "36752"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_148044472.1", "sequence": "MSIQHFRVALIPFFAAFCLPVFAHPETLVKVKDAEDKLGARVGYIELDLNSGKILESFRPEERFPMMSTFKVLLCGAVLSRVDAGQEQLGRRIHYSQNDLVEYSPVTEKHLTDGMTVRELCSAAITMSDNTAANLLLTTIGGPKELTAFLRNMGDHVTRLDHWEPELNEAIPNDERDTTMPAAMATTLRKLLTGELLTLASRQQLIDWMEADKVAGPLLRSALPAGWFIADKSGAGERGSRGIIAALGPDGKPSRIVVIYTTGSQATMDERNRQIAEIGASLIKHW"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "40360": {"category_aro_name": "penem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "40360", "category_aro_accession": "3003706", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penems are a class of unsaturated beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. All penems are all synthetically made and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. They are structurally similar to carbapenems, however, where carbapenems have a carbon, penems have a sulfur."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36023": {"category_aro_name": "TEM beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36023", "category_aro_accession": "3000014", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "TEM-1 is the most commonly-encountered beta-lactamase in gram-negative bacteria. Up to 90% of ampicillin resistance in E. coli is due to the production of TEM-1. Also responsible for the ampicillin and penicillin resistance that is seen in H. influenzae and N. gonorrhoeae in increasing numbers. Although TEM-type beta-lactamases are most often found in E. coli and K. pneumoniae, they are also found in other species of gram-negative bacteria with increasing frequency. The amino acid substitutions responsible for the ESBL phenotype cluster around the active site of the enzyme and change its configuration, allowing access to oxyimino-beta-lactam substrates. Opening the active site to beta-lactam substrates also typically enhances the susceptibility of the enzyme to b-lactamase inhibitors, such as clavulanic acid.  Although the inhibitor-resistant beta-lactamases are not ESBLs, they are often discussed with ESBLs because they are also derivatives of the classical TEM- or SHV-type enzymes. These enzymes were at first given the designation IRT for inhibitor-resistant TEM beta-lactamase; however, all have subsequently been renamed with numerical TEM designations. There are at least 19 distinct inhibitor-resistant TEM beta-lactamases. Inhibitor-resistant TEM beta-lactamases have been found mainly in clinical isolates of E. coli, but also some strains of K. pneumoniae, Klebsiella oxytoca, P. mirabilis, and Citrobacter freundii. Although the inhibitor-resistant TEM variants are resistant to inhibition by clavulanic acid and sulbactam, thereby showing clinical resistance to the beta-lactam-lactamase inhibitor combinations of amoxicillin-clavulanate (Co-amoxiclav), ticarcillin-clavulanate, and ampicillin/sulbactam, they normally remain susceptible to inhibition by tazobactam and subsequently the combination of piperacillin/tazobactam, although resistance has been described."}, "36981": {"category_aro_name": "ampicillin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36981", "category_aro_accession": "3000637", "category_aro_class_name": "Antibiotic", "category_aro_description": "Ampicillin is a penicillin derivative that is highly acid stable, with its activity similar to benzylpenicillin."}, "35923": {"category_aro_name": "monobactam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35923", "category_aro_accession": "0000004", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Monobactams are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Unlike penams and cephems, monobactams do not have any ring fused to its four-member lactam structure. Monobactam antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}}, "ARO_name": "TEM-241", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43628", "model_name": "TEM-241", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4004": {"model_id": "4004", "ARO_accession": "3005272", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "500", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "TEM-242 is a beta-lactamase.", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6368": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGAGTATTCAACATTTTCGTGTCGCCCTTATTCCCTTTTTTGCGGCATTTTGCCTTCCTGTTTTTGCTCACCCAGAAACGCTGGTGAAAGTAAAAGATGCTGAAGATCAGTTGGGTGCACGAGTGGGTTACATCGAACTGGATCTCAACAGCGGTAAGATCCTTGAGAGTTTTCGCCCCGAAGAACGTTTTCCAATGATGAGCACTTTTAAAGTTCTGCTATGTGGTGCGGTATTATCCCGTGTTGACGCCGGGCAAGAGCAACTCGGTCGCCGCATACACTATTCTCAGAATGACTTGGTTAAGTACTCACCAGTCACAGAAAAGCATCTTACGGATGGCATGACAGTAAGAGAATTATGCAGTGCTGCCATAACCATGAGTGATAACACTGCTGCCAACTTACTTCTGACAACGATCGGAGGACCGAAGGAGCTAACCGCTTTTTTGCACAACATGGGGGATCATGTAACTCGCCTTGATAGTTGGGAACCGGAGCTGAATGAAGCCATACCAAACGACGAGCGTGACACCACGACGCCTGCAGCAATGGCAACAACGTTGCGCAAACTATTAACTGGCGAACTACTTACTCTAGCTTCCCGGCAACAATTAATAGACTGGATGGAGGCGGATAAAGTTGCAGGACCACTTCTGCGCTCGGCCCTTCCGGCTGGCTGGTTTATTGCTGATAAATCTGGAGCCGGTGAGCGTGGGTCTCGCGGTATCATTGCAGCACTGGGGCCAGATGGTAAGCCCTCCCGTATCGTAGTTATCTACACGACGGGGAGTCAGGCAACTATGGATGAACGAAATAGACAGATCGCTGAGATAGGTGCCTCACTGATTAAGCATTGGTAA", "fmax": "861", "accession": "NG_065939.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Providencia stuartii", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "588", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "36946"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_148044473.1", "sequence": "MSIQHFRVALIPFFAAFCLPVFAHPETLVKVKDAEDQLGARVGYIELDLNSGKILESFRPEERFPMMSTFKVLLCGAVLSRVDAGQEQLGRRIHYSQNDLVKYSPVTEKHLTDGMTVRELCSAAITMSDNTAANLLLTTIGGPKELTAFLHNMGDHVTRLDSWEPELNEAIPNDERDTTTPAAMATTLRKLLTGELLTLASRQQLIDWMEADKVAGPLLRSALPAGWFIADKSGAGERGSRGIIAALGPDGKPSRIVVIYTTGSQATMDERNRQIAEIGASLIKHW"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "40360": {"category_aro_name": "penem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "40360", "category_aro_accession": "3003706", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penems are a class of unsaturated beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. All penems are all synthetically made and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. They are structurally similar to carbapenems, however, where carbapenems have a carbon, penems have a sulfur."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36023": {"category_aro_name": "TEM beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36023", "category_aro_accession": "3000014", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "TEM-1 is the most commonly-encountered beta-lactamase in gram-negative bacteria. Up to 90% of ampicillin resistance in E. coli is due to the production of TEM-1. Also responsible for the ampicillin and penicillin resistance that is seen in H. influenzae and N. gonorrhoeae in increasing numbers. Although TEM-type beta-lactamases are most often found in E. coli and K. pneumoniae, they are also found in other species of gram-negative bacteria with increasing frequency. The amino acid substitutions responsible for the ESBL phenotype cluster around the active site of the enzyme and change its configuration, allowing access to oxyimino-beta-lactam substrates. Opening the active site to beta-lactam substrates also typically enhances the susceptibility of the enzyme to b-lactamase inhibitors, such as clavulanic acid.  Although the inhibitor-resistant beta-lactamases are not ESBLs, they are often discussed with ESBLs because they are also derivatives of the classical TEM- or SHV-type enzymes. These enzymes were at first given the designation IRT for inhibitor-resistant TEM beta-lactamase; however, all have subsequently been renamed with numerical TEM designations. There are at least 19 distinct inhibitor-resistant TEM beta-lactamases. Inhibitor-resistant TEM beta-lactamases have been found mainly in clinical isolates of E. coli, but also some strains of K. pneumoniae, Klebsiella oxytoca, P. mirabilis, and Citrobacter freundii. Although the inhibitor-resistant TEM variants are resistant to inhibition by clavulanic acid and sulbactam, thereby showing clinical resistance to the beta-lactam-lactamase inhibitor combinations of amoxicillin-clavulanate (Co-amoxiclav), ticarcillin-clavulanate, and ampicillin/sulbactam, they normally remain susceptible to inhibition by tazobactam and subsequently the combination of piperacillin/tazobactam, although resistance has been described."}, "36981": {"category_aro_name": "ampicillin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36981", "category_aro_accession": "3000637", "category_aro_class_name": "Antibiotic", "category_aro_description": "Ampicillin is a penicillin derivative that is highly acid stable, with its activity similar to benzylpenicillin."}, "35923": {"category_aro_name": "monobactam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35923", "category_aro_accession": "0000004", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Monobactams are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Unlike penams and cephems, monobactams do not have any ring fused to its four-member lactam structure. Monobactam antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}}, "ARO_name": "TEM-242", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43629", "model_name": "TEM-242", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4005": {"model_id": "4005", "ARO_accession": "3005273", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "500", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "TEM-243 is a beta-lactamase.", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6369": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGAGTATTCAACATTTCCGTGTCGCCCGAAGGCCCTTTTTTGCGGCATTTTGCCTTCCTGTTTTTGCTCACCCAGAAACGCTGGTGAAAGTAAAAGATGCTGAAGATCAGTTGGGTGCACGAGTGGGTTACATCGAACTGGATCTCAACAGCGGTAAGATCCTTGAGAGTTTTCGCCCCGAAGAACGTTTTCCAATGATGAGCACTTTTAAAGTTCTGCTATGTGGTGCGGTATTATCCCGTGTTGACGCCGGGCAAGAGCAACTCGGTCGCCGCATACACTATTCTCAGAATGACTTGGTTGAGTACTCACCAGTCACAGAAAAGCATCTTACGGATGGCATGACAGTAAGAGAATTATGCAGTGCTGCCATAACCATGAGTGATAACACTGCTGCCAACTTACTTCTGACAACGATCGGAGGACCGAAGGAGCTAACCGCTTTTTTGCACAACATGGGGGATCATGTAACTCGCCTTGATCGTTGGGAACCGGAGCTGAATGAAGCCATACCAAACGACGAGCGTGACACCACGATGCCTGCAGCAATGGCAACAACGTTGCGCAAACTATTAACTGGCGAACTACTTACTCTAGCTTCCCGGCAACAATTAATAGACTGGATGGAGGCGGATAAAGTTGCAGGACCACTTCTGCGCTCGGCCCTTCCGGCTGGCTGGTTTATTGCTGATAAATCTGGAGCCGGTGAGCGTGGGTCTCGCGGTATCATTGCAGCACTGGGGCCAGATGGTAAGCCCTCCCGTATCGTAGTTATCTACACGACGGGGAGTCAGGCAACTATGGATGAACGAAATAGACAGATCGCTGAGATAGGTGCCTCACTGATTAAGCATTGGTAA", "fmax": "861", "accession": "NG_071226.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Escherichia coli", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "562", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "35914"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_197749416.1", "sequence": "MSIQHFRVARRPFFAAFCLPVFAHPETLVKVKDAEDQLGARVGYIELDLNSGKILESFRPEERFPMMSTFKVLLCGAVLSRVDAGQEQLGRRIHYSQNDLVEYSPVTEKHLTDGMTVRELCSAAITMSDNTAANLLLTTIGGPKELTAFLHNMGDHVTRLDRWEPELNEAIPNDERDTTMPAAMATTLRKLLTGELLTLASRQQLIDWMEADKVAGPLLRSALPAGWFIADKSGAGERGSRGIIAALGPDGKPSRIVVIYTTGSQATMDERNRQIAEIGASLIKHW"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "40360": {"category_aro_name": "penem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "40360", "category_aro_accession": "3003706", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penems are a class of unsaturated beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. All penems are all synthetically made and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. They are structurally similar to carbapenems, however, where carbapenems have a carbon, penems have a sulfur."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36023": {"category_aro_name": "TEM beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36023", "category_aro_accession": "3000014", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "TEM-1 is the most commonly-encountered beta-lactamase in gram-negative bacteria. Up to 90% of ampicillin resistance in E. coli is due to the production of TEM-1. Also responsible for the ampicillin and penicillin resistance that is seen in H. influenzae and N. gonorrhoeae in increasing numbers. Although TEM-type beta-lactamases are most often found in E. coli and K. pneumoniae, they are also found in other species of gram-negative bacteria with increasing frequency. The amino acid substitutions responsible for the ESBL phenotype cluster around the active site of the enzyme and change its configuration, allowing access to oxyimino-beta-lactam substrates. Opening the active site to beta-lactam substrates also typically enhances the susceptibility of the enzyme to b-lactamase inhibitors, such as clavulanic acid.  Although the inhibitor-resistant beta-lactamases are not ESBLs, they are often discussed with ESBLs because they are also derivatives of the classical TEM- or SHV-type enzymes. These enzymes were at first given the designation IRT for inhibitor-resistant TEM beta-lactamase; however, all have subsequently been renamed with numerical TEM designations. There are at least 19 distinct inhibitor-resistant TEM beta-lactamases. Inhibitor-resistant TEM beta-lactamases have been found mainly in clinical isolates of E. coli, but also some strains of K. pneumoniae, Klebsiella oxytoca, P. mirabilis, and Citrobacter freundii. Although the inhibitor-resistant TEM variants are resistant to inhibition by clavulanic acid and sulbactam, thereby showing clinical resistance to the beta-lactam-lactamase inhibitor combinations of amoxicillin-clavulanate (Co-amoxiclav), ticarcillin-clavulanate, and ampicillin/sulbactam, they normally remain susceptible to inhibition by tazobactam and subsequently the combination of piperacillin/tazobactam, although resistance has been described."}, "36981": {"category_aro_name": "ampicillin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36981", "category_aro_accession": "3000637", "category_aro_class_name": "Antibiotic", "category_aro_description": "Ampicillin is a penicillin derivative that is highly acid stable, with its activity similar to benzylpenicillin."}, "35923": {"category_aro_name": "monobactam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35923", "category_aro_accession": "0000004", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Monobactams are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Unlike penams and cephems, monobactams do not have any ring fused to its four-member lactam structure. Monobactam antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}}, "ARO_name": "TEM-243", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43630", "model_name": "TEM-243", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4006": {"model_id": "4006", "ARO_accession": "3005274", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "800", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "PDC-225 is a class C beta-lactamase found in Pseudomonas aeruginosa", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6370": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGCGCGATACCAGATTCCCCTGCCTGTGCGGCATCGCCGCTTCCACACTGCTGTTCGCCACCACCCCGGCCATTGCCGATGAGGCCCCGGCGGATCGCCTGAAGGCACTGGTCGACGCCGCCGTACAACCGGTGATGAAGGCCAATGACATTCCGGGCCTGGCCGTAGCCATCAGCCTGAAAGGAGAACCGCATTACTTCAGCTATGGGCTGGCCTCGAAAGAGGACGGCCGCCGGGTGACGCCGGAGACCCTGTTCGAGATCGGCTCGGTGAGCAAGACCTTCACCGCCACCCTCGCCGGCTATGCCCTGGCCCAGGACAAGATGCGCCTCGACGACCGCGCCAGCCAGCACTGGCCGGCACTGCAGGGCAGCCGCTTCGACGGCATCAGCCTGCTCGACCTCGCGACCTATACCGCCGGCGGCTTGCCGCTGCAGTTCCCCGACTCGGTGCAGAAGGACCAGGCACAGATCCGCGACTACTACCGCCAGTGGCAGCCGACCTACGCGCCGGGCAGCCAGCGCCTCTATTCCAACCCGAGCATCGGCCTGTTCGGCTATCTCGCCGCGCGCAGCCTGGGCCAGCCGTTCGAACGGCTCATGGAGCAGCAAGTGTTCCCGGCACTGGGCCTCGAACAGACCCACCTCGACGTGCCCGAGGCGGCGCTGGCGCAGTACGCCCAGGGCTACGGCAAGGACGACCGCCCGCTACGGGTCGGTCCCGGCCCGCTGGATGCCGAAGGCTACGGGGTGAAGACCAGCGCGGCCGACCTGCTGCGCTTCGTCGATGCCAACCTGCATCCGGAGCGCCTGGACAGGCCCTGGGCGCAGGCGCTCGATGCCACCCATCGCGGTTACTACAAGGTCGGCGACATGACCCAGGGCCTGGGCTGGGAAGCCTACGACTGGCCGATCTCCCTGAAGCGCCTGCAGGCCGGCAACTCGACGCCGATGGCGCTGCAACCGCACAGGATCGCCAGGCTGCCCGCGCCACAGGCGCTGGAGGGCCAGCGCCTGCTGAACAAGACCGGTTCCACCAACGGCTTCGGCGCCTACGTGGCGTTCGTCCCGGGCCGCGACCTGGGACTGGTGATCCTGGCCAACCGCAACTATCCCAATGCCGAGCGGGTGAAGATCGCCTACGCCATCCTCAGCGGCCTGGAGCAGCAGGGCAAGGTGCCGCTGAAGCGCTGA", "fmax": "1194", "accession": "NG_056103.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Pseudomonas aeruginosa", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "287", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "36752"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_058169941.1", "sequence": "MRDTRFPCLCGIAASTLLFATTPAIADEAPADRLKALVDAAVQPVMKANDIPGLAVAISLKGEPHYFSYGLASKEDGRRVTPETLFEIGSVSKTFTATLAGYALAQDKMRLDDRASQHWPALQGSRFDGISLLDLATYTAGGLPLQFPDSVQKDQAQIRDYYRQWQPTYAPGSQRLYSNPSIGLFGYLAARSLGQPFERLMEQQVFPALGLEQTHLDVPEAALAQYAQGYGKDDRPLRVGPGPLDAEGYGVKTSAADLLRFVDANLHPERLDRPWAQALDATHRGYYKVGDMTQGLGWEAYDWPISLKRLQAGNSTPMALQPHRIARLPAPQALEGQRLLNKTGSTNGFGAYVAFVPGRDLGLVILANRNYPNAERVKIAYAILSGLEQQGKVPLKR"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36237": {"category_aro_name": "PDC beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36237", "category_aro_accession": "3000098", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "PDC beta-lactamases are class C beta-lactamases that are found in Pseudomonas aeruginosa."}, "35923": {"category_aro_name": "monobactam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35923", "category_aro_accession": "0000004", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Monobactams are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Unlike penams and cephems, monobactams do not have any ring fused to its four-member lactam structure. Monobactam antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}}, "ARO_name": "PDC-225", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43631", "model_name": "PDC-225", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4007": {"model_id": "4007", "ARO_accession": "3005275", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "800", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "PDC-438 is class C beta-lactamase found in Pseudomonas aeruginosa", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6371": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGCGCGATACCAGATTCCCCTGCCTGTGCGGCATCGCCGCTTCCACACTGCTGTTCGCCACCACCCCGGCCATTGCCGGCGAGGCCCCGGCGGATCGCCTGAAGGCACTGGTCGACGCCGCCGTACAACCGGTGATGAAGGCCAATGACATTCCGGGCCTGGCCGTAGCCATCAGCCTGAAAGGAGAACCGCATTACTTCAGCTATGGGCTGGCCTCGAAAGAGGACGGCCGCCGGGTGACGCCGGAGACCCTGTTCGAGATCGGCTCGGTGAGCAAGACCTTCACCGCCACCCTCGCCGGCTATGCCCTGGCCCAGGACAAGATGCGTCTCGACGACCGCGCCAGCCAGCACTGGCCGGCACTGCAGGGCAGCCGCTTCGACGGCATCAGCCTGCTCGACCTCGCGACCTATACCGCCGGCGGCTTGCCGCTGCAGTTCCCCGACTCGGTGCAGAAGGACCAGGCACAGATCCGCGACTACTACCGCCAGTGGCAGCCGACCTACGCGCCGGGCAGCCAGCGCCGCTATTCCAACCCGAGCATCGACCTGTTCGGCTATCTCGCCGCGCGCAGCCTGGGCCAGCCGTTCGAACGGCTCATGGAGCAGCAAGTGTTCCCGGCACTGGGCCTCGAACAGACCCACCTCAACGTGCCCGAGGCGGCGCTGGCGCAGTACGCCCAGGGCTACGGCAAGGACGACCGCCCGCTACGGGTCGGTCCCGGCCCGCTGGATGCCGAAGGCTACGGGATGAAGACCAGCGCGGCCGACCTGCTGCGCTTCGTCGATGCCAACCTGCATCCGGAGCGCCTGGACAGGCCCTGGGCGCAGGCGCTCGATGCCACCCATCGCGGTTACTACAAGGTCGGCGACATGACCCAGGGCCTGGGCTGGGAAGCCTACGACTGGCCGATCTCCCTGAAGCGCCTGCAGGCCGGCAACTCGACGCCGATGGCGCTGCAACCGCACAGGATCGCCAGGCTGCCCGCGCCACAGGCGCTGGAGGGCCAGCGCCTGCTGAACAAGACCGGTTCCACCAACGGCTTCGGCGCCTACGTGGCGTTCATCCCGGGCCGCGACCTGGGACTGGTGATCCTGGCCAACCGCAACTATCCCAATGCCGAGCGGGTGAAGATCGCCTACGCCATCCTCAGCGGCCTGGAGCAGCAGGGCAAGGTGCCGCTGAAGCGCTGA", "fmax": "1194", "accession": "NG_070204.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Pseudomonas aeruginosa", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "287", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "36752"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_179284377.1", "sequence": "MRDTRFPCLCGIAASTLLFATTPAIAGEAPADRLKALVDAAVQPVMKANDIPGLAVAISLKGEPHYFSYGLASKEDGRRVTPETLFEIGSVSKTFTATLAGYALAQDKMRLDDRASQHWPALQGSRFDGISLLDLATYTAGGLPLQFPDSVQKDQAQIRDYYRQWQPTYAPGSQRRYSNPSIDLFGYLAARSLGQPFERLMEQQVFPALGLEQTHLNVPEAALAQYAQGYGKDDRPLRVGPGPLDAEGYGMKTSAADLLRFVDANLHPERLDRPWAQALDATHRGYYKVGDMTQGLGWEAYDWPISLKRLQAGNSTPMALQPHRIARLPAPQALEGQRLLNKTGSTNGFGAYVAFIPGRDLGLVILANRNYPNAERVKIAYAILSGLEQQGKVPLKR"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36237": {"category_aro_name": "PDC beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36237", "category_aro_accession": "3000098", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "PDC beta-lactamases are class C beta-lactamases that are found in Pseudomonas aeruginosa."}, "35923": {"category_aro_name": "monobactam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35923", "category_aro_accession": "0000004", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Monobactams are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Unlike penams and cephems, monobactams do not have any ring fused to its four-member lactam structure. Monobactam antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}}, "ARO_name": "PDC-438", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43632", "model_name": "PDC-438", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "3971": {"model_id": "3971", "ARO_accession": "3005249", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "580", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "beta-lactamase gene from Klebsiella pneumoniae. Directly submitted to NCBI without publication on 21-DEC-2017", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6335": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGCGTTATATTCGCCTGTGTATTATCTCCCTGTTAGCCACCCTGCCGCTGGCGGTACACGCCAGCCCGCAGCCGCTTGAGCAAATTAAACAAAGCGAAAGCCAGCTGTCGGGCCGCGTAGGCATGATAGAAATGGATCTGGCCAGCGGCCGCACGCTGACCGCCTGGCGCGCCGATGAACGCTTTCCCATGGTGAGCACCTTTAAAGTAGTGCTCTGCGGCGCAGTGCTGGCGCGGGTGGATGCCGGTGACGAACAGCTGGAGCGAAAGATCCACTATCGCCAGCAGGATCTGGTGGACTACTCGCCGGTCAGCGAAAAACACCTTGTCGACGGCATGACGGTCGGCGAACTCTGCGCCGCCGCCATTACCATGAGCGATAACAGCGCCGCCAATCTGCTGCTGGCCACCGTCGGCGGCCCCGCAGGATTGACTGCCTTTTTGCGCCAGATCGGCGACAACGTCACCCGCCTTGACCGCTGGGAAACGGAACTGAATGAGGCGCTTCCCGGCGACGCCCGCGACACCACTACCCCGGCCAGCATGGCCGCGACCCTGCGCAAGCTGCTGACCAGCCAGCGTCTGAGCGCCCGTTCGCAACGGCAGCTGCTGCAGTGGATGGTGGACGATCGGGTCGCCGGACCGTTGATCCGCTCCGTGCTGCCGGCGGGCTGGTTTATCGCCGATAAGACCGGAGCTGGCGAGCGGGGTGCGCGCGGGATTGTCGCCCTGCTTGGCCCGAATAACAAAGCAGAGCGCATTGTGGTGATTTATCTGCGGGATACGCCGGCGAGCATGGCCGAGCGAAATCAGCAAATCGCCGGGATCGGCGCGGCGCTGATCGAGCACTGGCAACGCTAA", "fmax": "861", "accession": "NG_055668.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Klebsiella pneumoniae", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "573", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "35915"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_099156054.1", "sequence": "MRYIRLCIISLLATLPLAVHASPQPLEQIKQSESQLSGRVGMIEMDLASGRTLTAWRADERFPMVSTFKVVLCGAVLARVDAGDEQLERKIHYRQQDLVDYSPVSEKHLVDGMTVGELCAAAITMSDNSAANLLLATVGGPAGLTAFLRQIGDNVTRLDRWETELNEALPGDARDTTTPASMAATLRKLLTSQRLSARSQRQLLQWMVDDRVAGPLIRSVLPAGWFIADKTGAGERGARGIVALLGPNNKAERIVVIYLRDTPASMAERNQQIAGIGAALIEHWQR"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "36024": {"category_aro_name": "SHV beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36024", "category_aro_accession": "3000015", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "SHV-1 shares 68 percent of its amino acids with TEM-1 and has a similar overall structure. The SHV-1 beta-lactamase is most commonly found in K. pneumoniae and is responsible for up to 20% of the plasmid-mediated ampicillin resistance in this species. ESBLs in this family also have amino acid changes around the active site, most commonly at positions 238 or 238 and 240. More than 60 SHV varieties are known."}}, "ARO_name": "SHV-203", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43605", "model_name": "SHV-203", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "3970": {"model_id": "3970", "ARO_accession": "3005248", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "580", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "beta-lactamase gene from Klebsiella pneumoniae. Directly submitted to NCBI without publication on 21-DEC-2017", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6334": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGCGTTATATTCGCCTGTGTATTATCTCCCTGTTAGCCACCCTGCCGCTGGCGGTACACGCCAGCCCGCAGCCGCTTGAGCAAATTAAACAAAGCGAAAGCCAGCTGTCGGGCCGCGTAGGCATGATAGAAATGGATCTGGCCAGCGGCCGCACGCTGACCGCCTGGCGCGCCGATGAACGCTTTCCCATGATGAGCACCTTTAAAGTAGTGCTCTGCGGCGCAGTGCTGGCGCGGGTGGATGCCGGTGACGAACAGCTGGAGCGAAAGATCCACTATCGCCAGCAGGATCTGGTGGACTACTCGCCGGTCAGCGAAAAACACCTTGCCGACGGCATGACGGTCGGCGAACTCTGCGCCGCCGCCATTACCATGAGCGATAACAGCGCCGCCAATCTGCTACTGGCCACCGTCGGCGGCCCCGCAGGATTGACTGCCTTTTTGCGCCAGATCGGCGACAACGTCACCCGCCTTGACCGCTGGGAAACGGAACTGAATGAGGCGCTTCCCGGCGATGCCCGCGACACCACTACCCCGGCCAGCATGGCCGCGACCCTGCGCAAGCTGCTGACCAGCCAGCGTCTGAGCGCCCGTTCGCAACGGCAGCTGCTGCAGTGGATGGTGGACGATCGGGTCGCCGGACCGTTGATCCGCTCCGTGCTGCCGGCGGGCTGGTTTATCGCCGATAAGACCGGAGCTAGCAAGCGGGGTGCGCGCGGGATTGTCGACCTGCTTGGCCCGAATAACAAAGCAGAGCGCATTGTGGTGATTTATCTGCGGGATACCCCGGCGAGCATGGCCGAGCGAAATCAGCAAATCGCCGGGATCGGCGCGGCGCTGATCGAGCACTGGCAACGCTAA", "fmax": "861", "accession": "NG_055588.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Klebsiella pneumoniae", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "573", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "35915"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_096807447.1", "sequence": "MRYIRLCIISLLATLPLAVHASPQPLEQIKQSESQLSGRVGMIEMDLASGRTLTAWRADERFPMMSTFKVVLCGAVLARVDAGDEQLERKIHYRQQDLVDYSPVSEKHLADGMTVGELCAAAITMSDNSAANLLLATVGGPAGLTAFLRQIGDNVTRLDRWETELNEALPGDARDTTTPASMAATLRKLLTSQRLSARSQRQLLQWMVDDRVAGPLIRSVLPAGWFIADKTGASKRGARGIVDLLGPNNKAERIVVIYLRDTPASMAERNQQIAGIGAALIEHWQR"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "36024": {"category_aro_name": "SHV beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36024", "category_aro_accession": "3000015", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "SHV-1 shares 68 percent of its amino acids with TEM-1 and has a similar overall structure. The SHV-1 beta-lactamase is most commonly found in K. pneumoniae and is responsible for up to 20% of the plasmid-mediated ampicillin resistance in this species. ESBLs in this family also have amino acid changes around the active site, most commonly at positions 238 or 238 and 240. More than 60 SHV varieties are known."}}, "ARO_name": "SHV-200", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43604", "model_name": "SHV-200", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "3973": {"model_id": "3973", "ARO_accession": "3005251", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "580", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "beta-lactamase gene from Klebsiella pneumoniae. Directly submitted to NCBI without publication on 07-NOV-2018", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6337": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGCGTTATATTCGCCTGTGTATTATCTCCCTGTTACCCACCCTGCCGCTGGCGGTACACGCCAGCCCGCAGCCGCTTGAGCAAATTAAACAAAGCGAAAGCCAGCTGTCGGGCCGCGTAGGCATGATAGAAATGGATCTGGCCAGCGGCCGCACGCTGACCGCCTGGCGCGCCGATGAACGCTTTCCCATGATGAGCACCTTTAAAGTAGTGCTCTGCGGCGCAGTGCTGGCGCGGGTGGATGCCGGTGACGAACAGCTGGAGCGAAAGATCCACTATCGCCAGCAGGATCTGGTGGACTACTCGCCGGTCAGCGAAAAACACCTTGCCGACGGCATGACGGTCGGCGAACTCTGTGCCGCCGCCATTACCATGAGCGATAACAGCGCCGCCAATCTGCTGCTGGCCACCGTCGGCGGCCCCGCAGGATTGACTGCCTTTTTGCGCCAGATCGGCGACAACGTCACCCGCCTTGACCGCTGGGAAACGGAACTGAATGAGGCGCTTCCCGGCGACGCCCGCGACACCACTACCCCGGCCAGCATGGCCGCGACCCTGCGCAAGCTGCTGACCAGCCAGCGTCTGAGCGCCCGTTCGCAACGGCAGCTGCTGCAGTGGATGGTGGACGATCGGGTCGCCGGACCGTTGATCCGCTCCGTGCTGCCGGCGGGCTGGTTTATCGCCGATAAGACCGGAGCTGGCGAGCGGGGTGCGCGCGGGATTGTCGCCCTGCTTGGCCCGAATAACAAAGCAGAGCGCATTGTGGTGATTTATCTGCGGGATACGCCGGCGAGCATGGCCGAGCGAAATCAGCAAATCGCCGGGATCGGCGCGGCGCTGATCGAGCACTGGCAACGCTAA", "fmax": "861", "accession": "NG_062285.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Klebsiella pneumoniae", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "573", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "35915"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_122630868.1", "sequence": "MRYIRLCIISLLPTLPLAVHASPQPLEQIKQSESQLSGRVGMIEMDLASGRTLTAWRADERFPMMSTFKVVLCGAVLARVDAGDEQLERKIHYRQQDLVDYSPVSEKHLADGMTVGELCAAAITMSDNSAANLLLATVGGPAGLTAFLRQIGDNVTRLDRWETELNEALPGDARDTTTPASMAATLRKLLTSQRLSARSQRQLLQWMVDDRVAGPLIRSVLPAGWFIADKTGAGERGARGIVALLGPNNKAERIVVIYLRDTPASMAERNQQIAGIGAALIEHWQR"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "36024": {"category_aro_name": "SHV beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36024", "category_aro_accession": "3000015", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "SHV-1 shares 68 percent of its amino acids with TEM-1 and has a similar overall structure. The SHV-1 beta-lactamase is most commonly found in K. pneumoniae and is responsible for up to 20% of the plasmid-mediated ampicillin resistance in this species. ESBLs in this family also have amino acid changes around the active site, most commonly at positions 238 or 238 and 240. More than 60 SHV varieties are known."}}, "ARO_name": "SHV-213", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43607", "model_name": "SHV-213", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "3972": {"model_id": "3972", "ARO_accession": "3005250", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "580", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "beta-lactamase gene from Klebsiella pneumoniae. Directly submitted to NCBI without publication on 07-NOV-2018", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6336": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGCGTTATATTCGCCTGTGTATTATCTCCCTGTTAGCCACCCTGTCGCTGGCGGTACACGCCAGCCCGCAGCCGCTTGAGCAAATTAAACTAAGCGAAAGCCAGCTGTCGGGCCGCGTAGGCATGATAGAAATGGATCTGGCCAGCGGCCGCACGCTGACCGCCTGGCGCGCCGATGAACGCTTTCCCATGATGAGCACCTTTAAAGTAGTGCTCTGCGGCGCAGTGCTGGCGCGGGTGGATGCCGGTGACGAACAGCTGGAGCGAAAGATCCACTATCGCCAGCAGGATCTGGTGGACTACTCGCCGGTCAGCGAAAAACACCTTGCCGACGGCATGACGGTCGGCGAACTCTGCGCCGCCGCCATTACCATGAGCGATAACAGCGCCGCCAATCTGCTGCTGGCCACCGTCGGCGGCCCCGCAGGATTGACTGCCTTTTTGCGCCAGATCGGCGACAACGTCACCCGCCTTGACCGCTGGGAAACGGAACTGAATGAGGCGCTTCCCGGCGACGCCCGCGACACCACTACCCCGGCCAGCATGGCCGCGACCCTGCGCAAGCTGCTGACCAGCCAGCGTCTGAGCGCCCGTTCGCAACGGCAGCTGCTGCAGTGGATGGTGGACGATCGGGTCGCCGGACCGTTGATCCGCTCCGTGCTGCCGGCGGGCTGGTTTATCGCCGATAAGACCGGAGCTGGCGAACGGGGTGCGCGCGGGATTGTCGCCCTGCTTGGCCCGAATAACAAAGCAGAGCGCATCGTGGTGATTTATCTGCGGGATACGCCGGCGAGCATGGCCGAGCGAAATCAGCAAATCGCCGGGATCGGCGCGGCGCTGATCGAGCACTGGCAACGCTAA", "fmax": "861", "accession": "NG_062289.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Klebsiella pneumoniae", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "573", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "35915"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_122630872.1", "sequence": "MRYIRLCIISLLATLSLAVHASPQPLEQIKLSESQLSGRVGMIEMDLASGRTLTAWRADERFPMMSTFKVVLCGAVLARVDAGDEQLERKIHYRQQDLVDYSPVSEKHLADGMTVGELCAAAITMSDNSAANLLLATVGGPAGLTAFLRQIGDNVTRLDRWETELNEALPGDARDTTTPASMAATLRKLLTSQRLSARSQRQLLQWMVDDRVAGPLIRSVLPAGWFIADKTGAGERGARGIVALLGPNNKAERIVVIYLRDTPASMAERNQQIAGIGAALIEHWQR"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "36024": {"category_aro_name": "SHV beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36024", "category_aro_accession": "3000015", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "SHV-1 shares 68 percent of its amino acids with TEM-1 and has a similar overall structure. The SHV-1 beta-lactamase is most commonly found in K. pneumoniae and is responsible for up to 20% of the plasmid-mediated ampicillin resistance in this species. ESBLs in this family also have amino acid changes around the active site, most commonly at positions 238 or 238 and 240. More than 60 SHV varieties are known."}}, "ARO_name": "SHV-217", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43606", "model_name": "SHV-217", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "3975": {"model_id": "3975", "ARO_accession": "3005253", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "580", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "beta-lactamase gene from Klebsiella pneumoniae. Directly submitted to NCBI without publication on 07-NOV-2018", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6339": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "1", "sequence": "GTGGTTAAGCGTTATATTCGCCTGTGTATTATCTCCCTGTTAGCCACCCTGCCGCTGGCGGTACACGCCAGCCCGCAGCCGCTTGAGCAAATTAAACTAAGCGAAAGCCAGCTGTCGGGCCGCGTAGGCATGATAGAAATGGATCTGGCCAGCGGCCGCACGCTGACCGCCTGGCGCGCCGATGAACGCTTTCCCATGATGAGCACCTTTAAAGTAGTGCTCTGCGGCGCAGTGCTGGCGCGGGTGGATGCCGGTGACGAACAGCGGGAGCGAAAGATCCACTATCGCCAGCAGGATCTGGTGGACTACTCGCCGGTCAGCGAAAAACACCTTGCCGACGGCATGACGGTCGGCGAACTCTGTGCCGCCGCCATTACCATGAGCGATAACAGCGCCGCCAATCTGCTGCTGGCCACCGTCGGCGGCCCCGCAGGATTGACTGCCTTTTTGCGCCAGATCGGCGACAACGTCACCCGCCTTGACCGCTGGGAAACGGAACTGAATGAGGCGCTTCCCGGCGACGCCCGCGACACCACTACCCCGGCCAGCATGGCCGCGACCCTGCGCAAGCTGCTGACCAGCCAGCGTCTGAGCGCCCGTTCGCAACGGCAGCTGCTGCAGTGGATGGTGGACGATCGGGTCGCCGGACCGTTGATCCGCTCCGTGCTGCCGGCGGGCTGGTTTATCGCCGATAAGACCGGAGCTGGCGAACGGGGTGCGCGCGGGATTGTCGCCCTGCTTGGCCCGAATAACAAAGCAGAGCGGATTGTGGTGATTTATCTGCGGGATACGCCGGCGAGCATGGCCGAGCGAAATCAGCAAATCGCCGGGATCGGCGCGGCGCTGATCGAGCACTGGCAA", "fmax": "861", "accession": "NG_062245.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Klebsiella pneumoniae", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "573", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "35915"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_122630839.1", "sequence": "MVKRYIRLCIISLLATLPLAVHASPQPLEQIKLSESQLSGRVGMIEMDLASGRTLTAWRADERFPMMSTFKVVLCGAVLARVDAGDEQRERKIHYRQQDLVDYSPVSEKHLADGMTVGELCAAAITMSDNSAANLLLATVGGPAGLTAFLRQIGDNVTRLDRWETELNEALPGDARDTTTPASMAATLRKLLTSQRLSARSQRQLLQWMVDDRVAGPLIRSVLPAGWFIADKTGAGERGARGIVALLGPNNKAERIVVIYLRDTPASMAERNQQIAGIGAALIEHWQR"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "36024": {"category_aro_name": "SHV beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36024", "category_aro_accession": "3000015", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "SHV-1 shares 68 percent of its amino acids with TEM-1 and has a similar overall structure. The SHV-1 beta-lactamase is most commonly found in K. pneumoniae and is responsible for up to 20% of the plasmid-mediated ampicillin resistance in this species. ESBLs in this family also have amino acid changes around the active site, most commonly at positions 238 or 238 and 240. More than 60 SHV varieties are known."}}, "ARO_name": "SHV-202", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43609", "model_name": "SHV-202", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "3974": {"model_id": "3974", "ARO_accession": "3005252", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "580", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "beta-lactamase gene from Klebsiella penumoniae. Directly submitted to NCBI without publication on 07-NOV-2018", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6338": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGCGTTATATTCGCCTGAGTATTATCTCCCTGTTAGCCACCCTGCCGCTGGCGGTACACGCCAGCCCGCAGCCGCTTGAGCAAATTAAACTAAGCGAAAGCCAGCTGTCGGGCCGCGTAGGCATGATAGGAATGGATCTGGCCAGCGGCCGCACGCTGACCGCCTGGCGCGCCGATGAACGCTTTCCCATGATGAGCACCTTTAAAGTAGTGCTCTGCGGCGCAGTGCTGGCGCGGGTGGATGCCGGTGACGAACAGCTGGAGCGAAAGATCCACTATCGCCAGCAGGATCTGGTGGACTACTCGCCGGTCAGCGAAAAACACCTTGCCGACGGCATGACGGTCGGCGAACTCTGCGCCGCCGCCATTACCATGAGCGATAACAGCGCCGCCAATCTGCTGCTGGCCACCGTCGGCGGCCCCGCAGGATTGACTGCCTTTTTGCGCCAGATCGGCGACAACGTCACCCGCCTTGACCGCTGGGAAACGGAACTGAATGAGGCGCTTCCCGGCGACGCCCGCGACACCACTACCCCGGCCAGCATGGCCGCGACCCTGCGCAAGTTGCTGACCAGCCAGCGTCTGAGCGCCCGTTCGCAACGGCAGCTGCTGCAGTGGATGGTGGACGATCGGGTCGCCGGACCGTTGATCCGCTCCGTGCTGCCGGCGGGCTGGTTTATCGCCGATAAGACCGGAGCTGGCGAGCGGGGTGCGCGCGGCATTGTCGCCCTGCTTGGCCCGAATAACAAAGCAGAGCGCATTGTGGTGATTTATCTGCGGGATACGCCGGCGAGCATGGCCGAGCGAAATCAGCAAATCGCCGGGATCGGCGCGGCGCTGATCGAGCACTGGCAACGCTAA", "fmax": "861", "accession": "NG_062293.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Klebsiella pneumoniae", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "573", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "35915"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_122630875.1", "sequence": "MRYIRLSIISLLATLPLAVHASPQPLEQIKLSESQLSGRVGMIGMDLASGRTLTAWRADERFPMMSTFKVVLCGAVLARVDAGDEQLERKIHYRQQDLVDYSPVSEKHLADGMTVGELCAAAITMSDNSAANLLLATVGGPAGLTAFLRQIGDNVTRLDRWETELNEALPGDARDTTTPASMAATLRKLLTSQRLSARSQRQLLQWMVDDRVAGPLIRSVLPAGWFIADKTGAGERGARGIVALLGPNNKAERIVVIYLRDTPASMAERNQQIAGIGAALIEHWQR"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "36024": {"category_aro_name": "SHV beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36024", "category_aro_accession": "3000015", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "SHV-1 shares 68 percent of its amino acids with TEM-1 and has a similar overall structure. The SHV-1 beta-lactamase is most commonly found in K. pneumoniae and is responsible for up to 20% of the plasmid-mediated ampicillin resistance in this species. ESBLs in this family also have amino acid changes around the active site, most commonly at positions 238 or 238 and 240. More than 60 SHV varieties are known."}}, "ARO_name": "SHV-221", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43608", "model_name": "SHV-221", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "3977": {"model_id": "3977", "ARO_accession": "3000881", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "500", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "TEM-9 is an extended-spectrum beta-lactamase that has been found in clinical isolates.", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6341": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGAGTATTCAACATTTCCGTGTCGCCCTTATTCCCTTTTTTGCGGCATTTTGCTTTCCTGTTTTTGCTCACCCAGAAACGCTGGTGAAAGTAAAAGATGCTGAAGATCAGTTGGGTGCACGAGTGGGTTACATCGAGCTGGATCTCAACAGCGGTAAGATCCTTGAGAGTTTTCGCCCCGAAGAACGTTTTCCAATGATGAGCACTTTTAAAGTTCTGCTATGTGGTGCGGTATTATCCCGTGTTGACGCCGGGCAAGAGCAACTCGGTCGCCGCATACACTATTCTCAGAATGACTTGGTTAAGTACTCACCAGTCACAGAAAAGCATCTTACGGATGGCATGACAGTAAGAGAATTATGCAGTGCTGCCATAACCATGAGTGATAACACTGCGGCCAACTTACTTCTGACAACGATCGGAGGACCGAAGGAGCTAACCGCTTTTTTGCACAACATGGGGGATCATGTAACCCGCCTTGATAGTTGGGAACCGGAGCTGAATGAAGCCATACCAAACGACGAGCGTGACACCACGATGCCTGCAGCAATGGCAACAACGTTGCGCAAACTATTAACTGGCGAACTACTTACTCTAGCTTCCCGGCAACAATTAATAGACTGGATGGAGGCGGATAAAGTTGCAGGACCACTTCTGCGCTCGGCCCTTCCGGCTGGCTGGTTTATTGCTGATAAATCTGGAGCCGGTGAGCGTGGATCTCGCGGTATCATTGCAGCACTGGGGCCAGATGGTAAGCCCTCCCGTATCGTAGTTATCTACATGACGGGGAGTCAGGCAACTATGGATGAACGAAATAGACAGATCGCTGAGATAGGTGCCTCACTGATTAAGCATTGGTAA", "fmax": "861", "accession": "NG_056168.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Enterobacteriaceae", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "543", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "40532"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_102607453.1", "sequence": "MSIQHFRVALIPFFAAFCFPVFAHPETLVKVKDAEDQLGARVGYIELDLNSGKILESFRPEERFPMMSTFKVLLCGAVLSRVDAGQEQLGRRIHYSQNDLVKYSPVTEKHLTDGMTVRELCSAAITMSDNTAANLLLTTIGGPKELTAFLHNMGDHVTRLDSWEPELNEAIPNDERDTTMPAAMATTLRKLLTGELLTLASRQQLIDWMEADKVAGPLLRSALPAGWFIADKSGAGERGSRGIIAALGPDGKPSRIVVIYMTGSQATMDERNRQIAEIGASLIKHW"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "40360": {"category_aro_name": "penem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "40360", "category_aro_accession": "3003706", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penems are a class of unsaturated beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. All penems are all synthetically made and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. They are structurally similar to carbapenems, however, where carbapenems have a carbon, penems have a sulfur."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36023": {"category_aro_name": "TEM beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36023", "category_aro_accession": "3000014", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "TEM-1 is the most commonly-encountered beta-lactamase in gram-negative bacteria. Up to 90% of ampicillin resistance in E. coli is due to the production of TEM-1. Also responsible for the ampicillin and penicillin resistance that is seen in H. influenzae and N. gonorrhoeae in increasing numbers. Although TEM-type beta-lactamases are most often found in E. coli and K. pneumoniae, they are also found in other species of gram-negative bacteria with increasing frequency. The amino acid substitutions responsible for the ESBL phenotype cluster around the active site of the enzyme and change its configuration, allowing access to oxyimino-beta-lactam substrates. Opening the active site to beta-lactam substrates also typically enhances the susceptibility of the enzyme to b-lactamase inhibitors, such as clavulanic acid.  Although the inhibitor-resistant beta-lactamases are not ESBLs, they are often discussed with ESBLs because they are also derivatives of the classical TEM- or SHV-type enzymes. These enzymes were at first given the designation IRT for inhibitor-resistant TEM beta-lactamase; however, all have subsequently been renamed with numerical TEM designations. There are at least 19 distinct inhibitor-resistant TEM beta-lactamases. Inhibitor-resistant TEM beta-lactamases have been found mainly in clinical isolates of E. coli, but also some strains of K. pneumoniae, Klebsiella oxytoca, P. mirabilis, and Citrobacter freundii. Although the inhibitor-resistant TEM variants are resistant to inhibition by clavulanic acid and sulbactam, thereby showing clinical resistance to the beta-lactam-lactamase inhibitor combinations of amoxicillin-clavulanate (Co-amoxiclav), ticarcillin-clavulanate, and ampicillin/sulbactam, they normally remain susceptible to inhibition by tazobactam and subsequently the combination of piperacillin/tazobactam, although resistance has been described."}, "36981": {"category_aro_name": "ampicillin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36981", "category_aro_accession": "3000637", "category_aro_class_name": "Antibiotic", "category_aro_description": "Ampicillin is a penicillin derivative that is highly acid stable, with its activity similar to benzylpenicillin."}, "35923": {"category_aro_name": "monobactam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35923", "category_aro_accession": "0000004", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Monobactams are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Unlike penams and cephems, monobactams do not have any ring fused to its four-member lactam structure. Monobactam antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}}, "ARO_name": "TEM-9", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "37261", "model_name": "TEM-9", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "3976": {"model_id": "3976", "ARO_accession": "3000877", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "500", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "TEM-5 is an extended-spectrum beta-lactamase that has been found in clinical isolates.", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6340": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGAGTATTCAACATTTTCGTGTCGCCCTTATTCCCTTTTTTGCGGCATTTTGCCTTCCTGTTTTTGCTCACCCAGAAACGCTGGTGAAAGTAAAAGATGCTGAAGATCAGTTGGGTGCACGAGTGGGTTACATCGAACTGGATCTCAACAGCGGTAAGATCCTTGAGAGTTTTCGCCCCGAAGAACGTTTTCCAATGATGAGCACTTTTAAAGTTCTGCTATGTGGTGCGGTATTATCCCGTGTTGACGCCGGGCAAGAGCAACTCGGTCGCCGCATACACTATTCTCAGAATGACTTGGTTGAGTACTCACCAGTCACAGAAAAGCATCTTACGGATGGCATGACAGTAAGAGAATTATGCAGTGCTGCCATAACCATGAGTGATAACACTGCTGCCAACTTACTTCTGACAACGATCGGAGGACCGAAGGAGCTAACCGCTTTTTTGCACAACATGGGGGATCATGTAACTCGCCTTGATAGTTGGGAACCGGAGCTGAATGAAGCCATACCAAACGACGAGCGTGACACCACGATGCCTGCAGCAATGGCAACAACGTTGCGCAAACTATTAACTGGCGAACTACTTACTCTAGCTTCCCGGCAACAATTAATAGACTGGATGGAGGCGGATAAAGTTGCAGGACCACTTCTGCGCTCGGCCCTTCCGGCTGGCTGGTTTATTGCTGATAAATCTGGAACCGGTAAGCGTGGGTCTCGCGGTATCATTGCAGCACTGGGGCCAGATGGTAAGCCCTCCCGTATCGTAGTTATCTACACGACGGGGAGTCAGGCAACTATGGATGAACGAAATAGACAGATCGCTGAGATAGGTGCCTCACTGATTAAGCATTGGTAA", "fmax": "961", "accession": "NG_068215.1", "fmin": "100", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Escherichia coli", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "562", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "35914"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_109963600.1", "sequence": "MSIQHFRVALIPFFAAFCLPVFAHPETLVKVKDAEDQLGARVGYIELDLNSGKILESFRPEERFPMMSTFKVLLCGAVLSRVDAGQEQLGRRIHYSQNDLVEYSPVTEKHLTDGMTVRELCSAAITMSDNTAANLLLTTIGGPKELTAFLHNMGDHVTRLDSWEPELNEAIPNDERDTTMPAAMATTLRKLLTGELLTLASRQQLIDWMEADKVAGPLLRSALPAGWFIADKSGTGKRGSRGIIAALGPDGKPSRIVVIYTTGSQATMDERNRQIAEIGASLIKHW"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "40360": {"category_aro_name": "penem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "40360", "category_aro_accession": "3003706", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penems are a class of unsaturated beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. All penems are all synthetically made and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. They are structurally similar to carbapenems, however, where carbapenems have a carbon, penems have a sulfur."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36023": {"category_aro_name": "TEM beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36023", "category_aro_accession": "3000014", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "TEM-1 is the most commonly-encountered beta-lactamase in gram-negative bacteria. Up to 90% of ampicillin resistance in E. coli is due to the production of TEM-1. Also responsible for the ampicillin and penicillin resistance that is seen in H. influenzae and N. gonorrhoeae in increasing numbers. Although TEM-type beta-lactamases are most often found in E. coli and K. pneumoniae, they are also found in other species of gram-negative bacteria with increasing frequency. The amino acid substitutions responsible for the ESBL phenotype cluster around the active site of the enzyme and change its configuration, allowing access to oxyimino-beta-lactam substrates. Opening the active site to beta-lactam substrates also typically enhances the susceptibility of the enzyme to b-lactamase inhibitors, such as clavulanic acid.  Although the inhibitor-resistant beta-lactamases are not ESBLs, they are often discussed with ESBLs because they are also derivatives of the classical TEM- or SHV-type enzymes. These enzymes were at first given the designation IRT for inhibitor-resistant TEM beta-lactamase; however, all have subsequently been renamed with numerical TEM designations. There are at least 19 distinct inhibitor-resistant TEM beta-lactamases. Inhibitor-resistant TEM beta-lactamases have been found mainly in clinical isolates of E. coli, but also some strains of K. pneumoniae, Klebsiella oxytoca, P. mirabilis, and Citrobacter freundii. Although the inhibitor-resistant TEM variants are resistant to inhibition by clavulanic acid and sulbactam, thereby showing clinical resistance to the beta-lactam-lactamase inhibitor combinations of amoxicillin-clavulanate (Co-amoxiclav), ticarcillin-clavulanate, and ampicillin/sulbactam, they normally remain susceptible to inhibition by tazobactam and subsequently the combination of piperacillin/tazobactam, although resistance has been described."}, "36981": {"category_aro_name": "ampicillin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36981", "category_aro_accession": "3000637", "category_aro_class_name": "Antibiotic", "category_aro_description": "Ampicillin is a penicillin derivative that is highly acid stable, with its activity similar to benzylpenicillin."}, "35923": {"category_aro_name": "monobactam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35923", "category_aro_accession": "0000004", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Monobactams are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Unlike penams and cephems, monobactams do not have any ring fused to its four-member lactam structure. Monobactam antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}}, "ARO_name": "TEM-5", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "37257", "model_name": "TEM-5", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "3979": {"model_id": "3979", "ARO_accession": "3000902", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "500", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "TEM-32 is an inhibitor-resistant beta-lactamase that has been found in clinical isolates.", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6343": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGAGTATTCAACATTTCCGTGTCGCCCTTATTCCCTTTTTTGCGGCATTTTGCCTTCCTGTTTTTGCTCACCCAGAAACGCTGGTGAAAGTAAAAGATGCTGAAGATCAGTTGGGTGCACGAGTGGGTTACATCGAACTGGATCTCAACAGCGGTAAGATCCTTGAGAGTTTTCGCCCCGAAGAACGTTTTCCAATGATTAGCACTTTTAAAGTTCTGCTATGTGGTGCGGTATTATCCCGTGTTGACGCCGGGCAAGAGCAACTCGGTCGCCGCATACACTATTCTCAGAATGACTTGGTTGAGTACTCACCAGTCACAGAAAAGCATCTTACGGATGGCATGACAGTAAGAGAATTATGCAGTGCTGCCATAACCATGAGTGATAACACTGCTGCCAACTTACTTCTGACAACGATCGGAGGACCGAAGGAGCTAACCGCTTTTTTGCACAACATGGGGGATCATGTAACTCGCCTTGATCGTTGGGAACCGGAGCTGAATGAAGCCATACCAAACGACGAGCGTGACACCACGACGCCTGCAGCAATGGCAACAACGTTGCGCAAACTATTAACTGGCGAACTACTTACTCTAGCTTCCCGGCAACAATTAATAGACTGGATGGAGGCGGATAAAGTTGCAGGACCACTTCTGCGCTCGGCCCTTCCGGCTGGCTGGTTTATTGCTGATAAATCTGGAGCCGGTGAGCGTGGGTCTCGCGGTATCATTGCAGCACTGGGGCCAGATGGTAAGCCCTCCCGTATCGTAGTTATCTACACGACGGGGAGTCAGGCAACTATGGATGAACGAAATAGACAGATCGCTGAGATAGGTGCCTCACTGATTAAGCATTGGTAA", "fmax": "961", "accession": "NG_050261.1", "fmin": "100", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Enterobacteriaceae", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "543", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "40532"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_052944427.1", "sequence": "MSIQHFRVALIPFFAAFCLPVFAHPETLVKVKDAEDQLGARVGYIELDLNSGKILESFRPEERFPMISTFKVLLCGAVLSRVDAGQEQLGRRIHYSQNDLVEYSPVTEKHLTDGMTVRELCSAAITMSDNTAANLLLTTIGGPKELTAFLHNMGDHVTRLDRWEPELNEAIPNDERDTTTPAAMATTLRKLLTGELLTLASRQQLIDWMEADKVAGPLLRSALPAGWFIADKSGAGERGSRGIIAALGPDGKPSRIVVIYTTGSQATMDERNRQIAEIGASLIKHW"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "40360": {"category_aro_name": "penem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "40360", "category_aro_accession": "3003706", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penems are a class of unsaturated beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. All penems are all synthetically made and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. They are structurally similar to carbapenems, however, where carbapenems have a carbon, penems have a sulfur."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36023": {"category_aro_name": "TEM beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36023", "category_aro_accession": "3000014", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "TEM-1 is the most commonly-encountered beta-lactamase in gram-negative bacteria. Up to 90% of ampicillin resistance in E. coli is due to the production of TEM-1. Also responsible for the ampicillin and penicillin resistance that is seen in H. influenzae and N. gonorrhoeae in increasing numbers. Although TEM-type beta-lactamases are most often found in E. coli and K. pneumoniae, they are also found in other species of gram-negative bacteria with increasing frequency. The amino acid substitutions responsible for the ESBL phenotype cluster around the active site of the enzyme and change its configuration, allowing access to oxyimino-beta-lactam substrates. Opening the active site to beta-lactam substrates also typically enhances the susceptibility of the enzyme to b-lactamase inhibitors, such as clavulanic acid.  Although the inhibitor-resistant beta-lactamases are not ESBLs, they are often discussed with ESBLs because they are also derivatives of the classical TEM- or SHV-type enzymes. These enzymes were at first given the designation IRT for inhibitor-resistant TEM beta-lactamase; however, all have subsequently been renamed with numerical TEM designations. There are at least 19 distinct inhibitor-resistant TEM beta-lactamases. Inhibitor-resistant TEM beta-lactamases have been found mainly in clinical isolates of E. coli, but also some strains of K. pneumoniae, Klebsiella oxytoca, P. mirabilis, and Citrobacter freundii. Although the inhibitor-resistant TEM variants are resistant to inhibition by clavulanic acid and sulbactam, thereby showing clinical resistance to the beta-lactam-lactamase inhibitor combinations of amoxicillin-clavulanate (Co-amoxiclav), ticarcillin-clavulanate, and ampicillin/sulbactam, they normally remain susceptible to inhibition by tazobactam and subsequently the combination of piperacillin/tazobactam, although resistance has been described."}, "36981": {"category_aro_name": "ampicillin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36981", "category_aro_accession": "3000637", "category_aro_class_name": "Antibiotic", "category_aro_description": "Ampicillin is a penicillin derivative that is highly acid stable, with its activity similar to benzylpenicillin."}, "35923": {"category_aro_name": "monobactam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35923", "category_aro_accession": "0000004", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Monobactams are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Unlike penams and cephems, monobactams do not have any ring fused to its four-member lactam structure. Monobactam antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}}, "ARO_name": "TEM-32", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "37282", "model_name": "TEM-32", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "3978": {"model_id": "3978", "ARO_accession": "3000901", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "500", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "TEM-31 is an inhibitor-resistant beta-lactamase that has been found in clinical isolates.", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6342": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGAGTATTCAACATTTTCGTGTCGCCCTTATTCCCTTTTTTGCGGCATTTTGCCTTCCTGTTTTTGCTCACCCAGAAACGCTGGTGAAAGTAAAAGATGCTGAAGATCAGTTGGGTGCACGAGTGGGTTACATCGAACTGGATCTCAACAGCGGTAAGATCCTTGAGAGTTTTCGCCCCGAAGAACGTTTTCCAATGATGAGCACTTTTAAAGTTCTGCTATGTGGTGCGGTATTATCCCGTGTTGACGCCGGGCAAGAGCAACTCGGTCGCCGCATACACTATTCTCAGAATGACTTGGTTGAGTACTCACCAGTCACAGAAAAGCATCTTACGGATGGCATGACAGTAAGAGAATTATGCAGTGCTGCCATAACCATGAGTGATAACACTGCTGCCAACTTACTTCTGACAACGATCGGAGGACCGAAGGAGCTAACCGCTTTTTTGCACAACATGGGGGATCATGTAACTCGCCTTGATCGTTGGGAACCGGAGCTGAATGAAGCCATACCAAACGACGAGCGTGACACCACGATGCCTGCAGCAATGGCAACAACGTTGCGCAAACTATTAACTGGCGAACTACTTACTCTAGCTTCCCGGCAACAATTAATAGACTGGATGGAGGCGGATAAAGTTGCAGGACCACTTCTGCGCTCGGCCCTTCCGGCTGGCTGGTTTATTGCTGATAAATCTGGAGCCGGTGAGCGTGGGTCTTGCGGTATCATTGCAGCACTGGGGCCAGATGGTAAGCCCTCCCGTATCGTAGTTATCTACACGACGGGGAGTCAGGCAACTATGGATGAACGAAATAGACAGATCGCTGAGATAGGTGCCTCACTGATTAAGCATTGGTAA", "fmax": "961", "accession": "NG_068213.1", "fmin": "100", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Enterobacteriaceae", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "543", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "40532"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_165539487.1", "sequence": "MSIQHFRVALIPFFAAFCLPVFAHPETLVKVKDAEDQLGARVGYIELDLNSGKILESFRPEERFPMMSTFKVLLCGAVLSRVDAGQEQLGRRIHYSQNDLVEYSPVTEKHLTDGMTVRELCSAAITMSDNTAANLLLTTIGGPKELTAFLHNMGDHVTRLDRWEPELNEAIPNDERDTTMPAAMATTLRKLLTGELLTLASRQQLIDWMEADKVAGPLLRSALPAGWFIADKSGAGERGSCGIIAALGPDGKPSRIVVIYTTGSQATMDERNRQIAEIGASLIKHW"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "40360": {"category_aro_name": "penem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "40360", "category_aro_accession": "3003706", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penems are a class of unsaturated beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. All penems are all synthetically made and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. They are structurally similar to carbapenems, however, where carbapenems have a carbon, penems have a sulfur."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36023": {"category_aro_name": "TEM beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36023", "category_aro_accession": "3000014", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "TEM-1 is the most commonly-encountered beta-lactamase in gram-negative bacteria. Up to 90% of ampicillin resistance in E. coli is due to the production of TEM-1. Also responsible for the ampicillin and penicillin resistance that is seen in H. influenzae and N. gonorrhoeae in increasing numbers. Although TEM-type beta-lactamases are most often found in E. coli and K. pneumoniae, they are also found in other species of gram-negative bacteria with increasing frequency. The amino acid substitutions responsible for the ESBL phenotype cluster around the active site of the enzyme and change its configuration, allowing access to oxyimino-beta-lactam substrates. Opening the active site to beta-lactam substrates also typically enhances the susceptibility of the enzyme to b-lactamase inhibitors, such as clavulanic acid.  Although the inhibitor-resistant beta-lactamases are not ESBLs, they are often discussed with ESBLs because they are also derivatives of the classical TEM- or SHV-type enzymes. These enzymes were at first given the designation IRT for inhibitor-resistant TEM beta-lactamase; however, all have subsequently been renamed with numerical TEM designations. There are at least 19 distinct inhibitor-resistant TEM beta-lactamases. Inhibitor-resistant TEM beta-lactamases have been found mainly in clinical isolates of E. coli, but also some strains of K. pneumoniae, Klebsiella oxytoca, P. mirabilis, and Citrobacter freundii. Although the inhibitor-resistant TEM variants are resistant to inhibition by clavulanic acid and sulbactam, thereby showing clinical resistance to the beta-lactam-lactamase inhibitor combinations of amoxicillin-clavulanate (Co-amoxiclav), ticarcillin-clavulanate, and ampicillin/sulbactam, they normally remain susceptible to inhibition by tazobactam and subsequently the combination of piperacillin/tazobactam, although resistance has been described."}, "36981": {"category_aro_name": "ampicillin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36981", "category_aro_accession": "3000637", "category_aro_class_name": "Antibiotic", "category_aro_description": "Ampicillin is a penicillin derivative that is highly acid stable, with its activity similar to benzylpenicillin."}, "35923": {"category_aro_name": "monobactam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35923", "category_aro_accession": "0000004", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Monobactams are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Unlike penams and cephems, monobactams do not have any ring fused to its four-member lactam structure. Monobactam antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}}, "ARO_name": "TEM-31", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "37281", "model_name": "TEM-31", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4093": {"model_id": "4093", "ARO_accession": "3005360", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "550", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "Carbapenem-hydrolyzing class A beta-lactamase kpc-29 [Klebsiella pneumoniae] Accession: WP_096807439.1", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6467": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGTCACTGTATCGCCGTCTAGTTCTGCTGTCTTGTCTCTCATGGCCGCTGGCTGGCTTTTCTGCCACCGCGCTGACCAACCTCGTCGCGGAACCATTCGCTAAACTCGAACAGGACTTTGGCGGCTCCATCGGTGTGTACGCGATGGATACCGGCTCAGGCGCAACTGTAAGTTACCGCGCTGAGGAGCGCTTCCCACTGTGCAGCTCATTCAAGGGCTTTCTTGCTGCCGCTGTGCTGGCTCGCAGCCAGCAGCAGGCCGGCTTGCTGGACACACCCATCCGTTACGGCAAAAATGCGCTGGTTCCGTGGTCACCCATCTCGGAAAAATATCTGACAACAGGCATGACGGTGGCGGAGCTGTCCGCGGCCGCCGTGCAATACAGTGATAACGCCGCCGCCAATTTGTTGCTGAAGGAGTTGGGCGGCCCGGCCGGGCTGACGGCCTTCATGCGCTCTATCGGCGATACCACGTTCCGTCTGGACCGCTGGGAGCTGGAGCTGAACTCCGCCATCCCAGGCGATGCGCGCGATACCTCATCGCCGCGCGCCGTGACGGAAAGCTTACAAAAACTGACACTGGGCTCTGCACTGGCTGCGCCGCAGCGGCAGCAGTTTGTTGATTGGCTAAAGGGAAACACGACCGGCAACCACCGCATCCGCGCGGCGGTGCCGGCAGACTGGGCAGTCGGAGACAAAACCGGAACCTGCGGAGTGTATGGCACGGCAAATGACTATGCCGTCGTCTGGCCCACTGGGCGCGCACCTATTGTGTTGGCCGTCTACACCCGGGCGCCTAACAAGGATGACAAGGATGACAAGTACAGCGAGGCCGTCATCGCCGCTGCGGCTAGACTCGCGCTCGAGGGATTGGGCGTCAACGGGCAGTAA", "fmax": "891", "accession": "KY563764.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Klebsiella pneumoniae", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "573", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "35915"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "AQM40193.1", "sequence": "MSLYRRLVLLSCLSWPLAGFSATALTNLVAEPFAKLEQDFGGSIGVYAMDTGSGATVSYRAEERFPLCSSFKGFLAAAVLARSQQQAGLLDTPIRYGKNALVPWSPISEKYLTTGMTVAELSAAAVQYSDNAAANLLLKELGGPAGLTAFMRSIGDTTFRLDRWELELNSAIPGDARDTSSPRAVTESLQKLTLGSALAAPQRQQFVDWLKGNTTGNHRIRAAVPADWAVGDKTGTCGVYGTANDYAVVWPTGRAPIVLAVYTRAPNKDDKDDKYSEAVIAAAARLALEGLGVNGQ"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "35923": {"category_aro_name": "monobactam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35923", "category_aro_accession": "0000004", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Monobactams are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Unlike penams and cephems, monobactams do not have any ring fused to its four-member lactam structure. Monobactam antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36198": {"category_aro_name": "KPC beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36198", "category_aro_accession": "3000059", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenem resistant (KPC) beta-lactamases are notorious for their ability to efficiently hydrolyze carbapenems, unlike other Ambler Class A beta-lactamases.  There are currently 9 variants reported worldwide.  These enzymes were first isolated from Klebsiella pneumoniae strains in 2001 in the United States.  Hospital outbreaks have since been reported in Greece and Israel and KPC carrying strains are now endemic to New York facilities.  KPC-1 and KPC-2 have been shown to be identical and are now referred to as KPC-2."}}, "ARO_name": "KPC-29", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43720", "model_name": "KPC-29", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4092": {"model_id": "4092", "ARO_accession": "3005359", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "550", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "Carbapenem-hydrolyzing class A beta-lactamase kpc-27 [Klebsiella pneumoniae] Accession: WP_077064886.1", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6466": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGTCACTGTATCGCCGTCTAGTTCTGCTGTCTTGTCTCTCATGGCCGCTGGCTGGCTTTTCTGCCACCGCGCTGACCAACCTCGTCGCGGAACCATTCGCTAAACTCGAACAGGACTTTGGCGGCTCCATCGGTGTGTACGCGATGGATACCGGCTCAGGCGCAACTGTAAGTTACCGCGCTGAGGAGCGCTTCCCACTGTGCAGCTCATTCAAGGGCTTTCTTGCTGCCGCTGTGCTGGCTCGCAGCCAGCAGCAGGCCGGCTTGCTGGACACACCCATCCGTTACGGCAAAAATGCGCTGGTTCCGAGGTCACCCATCTCGGAAAAATATCTGACAACAGGCATGACGGTGGCGGAGCTGTCCGCGGCCGCCGTGCAATACAGTGATAACGCCGCCGCCAATTTGTTGCTGAAGGAGTTGGGCGGCCCGGCCGGGCTGACGGCCTTCATGCGCTCTATCGGCGATACCACGTTCCGTCTGGACCGCTGGGAGCTGGAGCTGAACTCCGCCATCCCAGGCGATGCGCGCGATACCTCATCGCCGCGCGCCGTGACGGAAAGCTTACAAAAACTGACACTGGGCTCTGCACTGGCTGCGCCGCAGCGGCAGCAGTTTGTTGATTGGCTAAAGGGAAACACGACCGGCAACCACCGCATCCGCGCGGCGGTGCCGGCAGACTGGGCAGTCGGAGACAAAACCGGAACCTGCGGAGTGTATGGCACGGCAAATGACTATGCCGTCGTCTGGCCCACTGGGCGCGCACCTATTGTGTTGGCCGTCTACACCCGGGCGCCTAACAAGGATGACAAGTACAGCGAGGCCGTCATCGCCGCTGCGGCTAGACTCGCGCTCGAGGGATTGGGCGTCAACGGGCAGTAA", "fmax": "882", "accession": "KX828722.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Klebsiella pneumoniae", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "573", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "35915"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "AOR05747.1", "sequence": "MSLYRRLVLLSCLSWPLAGFSATALTNLVAEPFAKLEQDFGGSIGVYAMDTGSGATVSYRAEERFPLCSSFKGFLAAAVLARSQQQAGLLDTPIRYGKNALVPRSPISEKYLTTGMTVAELSAAAVQYSDNAAANLLLKELGGPAGLTAFMRSIGDTTFRLDRWELELNSAIPGDARDTSSPRAVTESLQKLTLGSALAAPQRQQFVDWLKGNTTGNHRIRAAVPADWAVGDKTGTCGVYGTANDYAVVWPTGRAPIVLAVYTRAPNKDDKYSEAVIAAAARLALEGLGVNGQ"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "35923": {"category_aro_name": "monobactam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35923", "category_aro_accession": "0000004", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Monobactams are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Unlike penams and cephems, monobactams do not have any ring fused to its four-member lactam structure. Monobactam antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36198": {"category_aro_name": "KPC beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36198", "category_aro_accession": "3000059", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenem resistant (KPC) beta-lactamases are notorious for their ability to efficiently hydrolyze carbapenems, unlike other Ambler Class A beta-lactamases.  There are currently 9 variants reported worldwide.  These enzymes were first isolated from Klebsiella pneumoniae strains in 2001 in the United States.  Hospital outbreaks have since been reported in Greece and Israel and KPC carrying strains are now endemic to New York facilities.  KPC-1 and KPC-2 have been shown to be identical and are now referred to as KPC-2."}}, "ARO_name": "KPC-27", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43719", "model_name": "KPC-27", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4091": {"model_id": "4091", "ARO_accession": "3002328", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "550", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "KPC-18 is a beta-lactamase. From the Lahey list of KPC beta-lactamases.", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6463": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGTCACTGTATCGCCGTCTAATTCTGCTGTCTTGTCTCTCATGGCCGCTGGCTGGCTTTTCTGCCACCGCGCTGACCAACCTCGTCGCGGAACCATTCGCTAAACTCGAACAGGACTTTGGCGGCTCCATCGGTGTGTACGCGATGGATACCGGCTCAGGCGCAACTGTAAGTTACCGCGCTGAGGAGCGCTTCCCACTGTGCAGCTCATTCAAGGGCTTTCTTGCTGCCGCTGTGCTGGCTCGCAGCCAGCAGCAGGCCGGCTTGCTGGACACACCCATCCGTTACGGCAAAAATGCGCTGGTTCCGTGGTCACCCATCTCGGAAAAATATCTGACAACAGGCATGACGGTGGCGGAGCTGTCCGCGGCCGCCGTGCAATACAGTGATAACGCCGCCGCCAATTTGTTGCTGAAGGAGTTGGGCGGCCCGGCCGGGCTGACGGCCTTCATGCGCTCTATCGGCGATACCACGTTCCGTCTGGACCGCTGGGAGCTGGAGCTGAACTCCGCCATCCCAGGCGATGCGCGCGATACCTCATCGCCGCGCGCCGTGACGGAAAGCTTACAAAAACTGACACTGGGCTCTGCACTGGCTGCGCCGCAGCGGCAGCAGTTTGTTGATTGGCTAAAGGGAAACACGACCGGCAACCACCGCATCCGCGCGGCGGTGCCGGCAGACTGGGCAGTCGGAGACAAAACCGGAACCTGCGGAGTGTATGGCACGGCAAATGACTATGCCGTCGTCTGGCCCACTGGGCGCGCACCTATTGTGTTGGCCGTCTACACCCGGGCGCCTAACAAGGATGACAAGCACAGCGAGGCCGTCATCGCCGCTGCGGCTAGACTCGCGCTCGAGGGATTGGGCGTCAACGGGCAGTAA", "fmax": "882", "accession": "KP681699.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Escherichia coli", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "562", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "35914"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "AKO63215.1", "sequence": "MSLYRRLILLSCLSWPLAGFSATALTNLVAEPFAKLEQDFGGSIGVYAMDTGSGATVSYRAEERFPLCSSFKGFLAAAVLARSQQQAGLLDTPIRYGKNALVPWSPISEKYLTTGMTVAELSAAAVQYSDNAAANLLLKELGGPAGLTAFMRSIGDTTFRLDRWELELNSAIPGDARDTSSPRAVTESLQKLTLGSALAAPQRQQFVDWLKGNTTGNHRIRAAVPADWAVGDKTGTCGVYGTANDYAVVWPTGRAPIVLAVYTRAPNKDDKHSEAVIAAAARLALEGLGVNGQ"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "35923": {"category_aro_name": "monobactam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35923", "category_aro_accession": "0000004", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Monobactams are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Unlike penams and cephems, monobactams do not have any ring fused to its four-member lactam structure. Monobactam antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36198": {"category_aro_name": "KPC beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36198", "category_aro_accession": "3000059", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenem resistant (KPC) beta-lactamases are notorious for their ability to efficiently hydrolyze carbapenems, unlike other Ambler Class A beta-lactamases.  There are currently 9 variants reported worldwide.  These enzymes were first isolated from Klebsiella pneumoniae strains in 2001 in the United States.  Hospital outbreaks have since been reported in Greece and Israel and KPC carrying strains are now endemic to New York facilities.  KPC-1 and KPC-2 have been shown to be identical and are now referred to as KPC-2."}}, "ARO_name": "KPC-18", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "38728", "model_name": "KPC-18", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4090": {"model_id": "4090", "ARO_accession": "3005358", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "550", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "Carbapenem-hydrolyzing class A beta-lactamase kpc-26 [Klebsiella pneumoniae] Accession: WP_068981634.1", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6462": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGTCACTGTATCGCCGTCTAGTTCTGCTGTCTTGTCTCTCATGGCCGCTGTCTGGCTTTTCTGCCACCGCGCTGACCAACCTCGTCGCGGAACCATTCGCTAAACTCGAACAGGACTTTGGCGGCTCCATCGGTGTGTACGCGATGGATACCGGCTCAGGCGCAACTGTAAGTTACCGCGCTGAGGAGCGCTTCCCACTGTGCAGCTCATTCAAGGGCTTTCTTGCTGCCGCTGTGCTGGCTCGCAGCCAGCAGCAGGCCGGCTTGCTGGACACACCCATCCGTTACGGCAAAAATGCGCTGGTTCCGTGGTCACCCATCTCGGAAAAATATCTGACAACAGGCATGACGGTGGCGGAGCTGTCCGCGGCCGCCGTGCAATACAGTGATAACGCCGCCGCCAATTTGTTGCTGAAGGAGTTGGGCGGCCCGGCCGGGCTGACGGCCTTCATGCGCTCTATCGGCGATACCACGTTCCGTCTGGACCGCTGGGAGCTGGAGCTGAACTCCGCCATCCCAGGCGATGCGCGCGATACCTCATCGCCGCGCGCCGTGACGGAAAGCTTACAAAAACTGACACTGGGCTCTGCACTGGCTGCGCCGCAGCGGCAGCAGTTTGTTGATTGGCTAAAGGGAAACACGACCGGCAACCACCGCATCCGCGCGGCGGTGCCGGCAGACTGGGCAGTCGGAGACAAAACCGGAACCTGCGGAGTGTATGGCACGGCAAATGACTATGCCGTCGTCTGGCCCACTGGGCGCGCACCTATTGTGTTGGCCGTCTACACCCGGGCGCCTAACAAGGATGACAAGCACAGCGAGGCCGTCATCGCCGCTGCGGCTAGACTCGCGCTCGAGGGATTGGGCGTCAACGGGCAGTAA", "fmax": "882", "accession": "KX619622.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Klebsiella pneumoniae", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "573", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "35915"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "ANY26940.1", "sequence": "MSLYRRLVLLSCLSWPLSGFSATALTNLVAEPFAKLEQDFGGSIGVYAMDTGSGATVSYRAEERFPLCSSFKGFLAAAVLARSQQQAGLLDTPIRYGKNALVPWSPISEKYLTTGMTVAELSAAAVQYSDNAAANLLLKELGGPAGLTAFMRSIGDTTFRLDRWELELNSAIPGDARDTSSPRAVTESLQKLTLGSALAAPQRQQFVDWLKGNTTGNHRIRAAVPADWAVGDKTGTCGVYGTANDYAVVWPTGRAPIVLAVYTRAPNKDDKHSEAVIAAAARLALEGLGVNGQ"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "35923": {"category_aro_name": "monobactam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35923", "category_aro_accession": "0000004", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Monobactams are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Unlike penams and cephems, monobactams do not have any ring fused to its four-member lactam structure. Monobactam antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36198": {"category_aro_name": "KPC beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36198", "category_aro_accession": "3000059", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenem resistant (KPC) beta-lactamases are notorious for their ability to efficiently hydrolyze carbapenems, unlike other Ambler Class A beta-lactamases.  There are currently 9 variants reported worldwide.  These enzymes were first isolated from Klebsiella pneumoniae strains in 2001 in the United States.  Hospital outbreaks have since been reported in Greece and Israel and KPC carrying strains are now endemic to New York facilities.  KPC-1 and KPC-2 have been shown to be identical and are now referred to as KPC-2."}}, "ARO_name": "KPC-26", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43718", "model_name": "KPC-26", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4097": {"model_id": "4097", "ARO_accession": "3005364", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "550", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "Inhibitor-resistant carbapenem-hydrolyzing class A beta-lactamase kpc-30 [Klebsiella pneumoniae] Accession: WP_085562399.1", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6471": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGTCACTGTATCGCCATCTAGTTCTGCTGTCTTGTCTCTCATGGCCGCTGGCTGGCTTTTCTGCCACCGCGCTGACCAACCTCGTCGCGGAACCATTCGCTAAACTCGAACAGGACTTTGGCGGCTCCATCGGTGTGTACGCGATGGATACCGGCTCAGGCGCAACTGTAAGTTACCGCGCTGAGGAGCGCTTCCCACTGTGCAGCTCATTCAAGGGCTTTCTTGCTGCCGCTGTGCTGGCTCGCAGCCAGCAGCAGGCCGGCTTGCTGGACACACCCATCCGTTACGGCAAAAATGCGCTGGTTCCGTGGTCACCCATCTCGGAAAAATATCTGACAACAGGCATGACGGTGGCGGAGCTGTCCGCGGCCGCCGTGCAATACAGTGATAACGCCGCCGCCAATTTGTTGCTGAAGGAGTTGGGCGGCCCGGCCGGGCTGACGGCCTTCATGCGCTCTATCGGCGATACCACGTTCCGTCTGGACCGCTGGGAGCTGGAGCTGAACTCCGCCATCCCAGGCGATGCGCGCGATACCTCATCGCCGCGCGCCGTGACGGAAAGCTTACAAAAACTGACACTGGGCTCTGCACTGGCTGCGCCGCAGCGGCAGCAGTTTGTTGATTGGCTAAAGGGAAACACGACCGGCAACCACCGCATCCGCGCGGCGGTGCCGGCAGACTGGGCAGTCGGAGACAAAACCGGAACCTGCGGAGTGTATGGCACGGCAAATGACTATGCCGTCGTCTGGCCCACTGGGCGCGCACCTATTGTGTTGGCCGTCTACACCCGGGCGCCTAACAAGGATGACAAGCACAGCGAGGCCGTCATCGCCGCTGCGGCTAGACTCGCGCTCGAGGGATTGGGCGTCAACGGGCAGTAA", "fmax": "882", "accession": "KY646302.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Klebsiella pneumoniae", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "573", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "35915"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "AQT03460.1", "sequence": "MSLYRHLVLLSCLSWPLAGFSATALTNLVAEPFAKLEQDFGGSIGVYAMDTGSGATVSYRAEERFPLCSSFKGFLAAAVLARSQQQAGLLDTPIRYGKNALVPWSPISEKYLTTGMTVAELSAAAVQYSDNAAANLLLKELGGPAGLTAFMRSIGDTTFRLDRWELELNSAIPGDARDTSSPRAVTESLQKLTLGSALAAPQRQQFVDWLKGNTTGNHRIRAAVPADWAVGDKTGTCGVYGTANDYAVVWPTGRAPIVLAVYTRAPNKDDKHSEAVIAAAARLALEGLGVNGQ"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "35923": {"category_aro_name": "monobactam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35923", "category_aro_accession": "0000004", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Monobactams are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Unlike penams and cephems, monobactams do not have any ring fused to its four-member lactam structure. Monobactam antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36198": {"category_aro_name": "KPC beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36198", "category_aro_accession": "3000059", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenem resistant (KPC) beta-lactamases are notorious for their ability to efficiently hydrolyze carbapenems, unlike other Ambler Class A beta-lactamases.  There are currently 9 variants reported worldwide.  These enzymes were first isolated from Klebsiella pneumoniae strains in 2001 in the United States.  Hospital outbreaks have since been reported in Greece and Israel and KPC carrying strains are now endemic to New York facilities.  KPC-1 and KPC-2 have been shown to be identical and are now referred to as KPC-2."}}, "ARO_name": "KPC-30", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43724", "model_name": "KPC-30", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4096": {"model_id": "4096", "ARO_accession": "3005363", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "550", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "Inhibitor-resistant carbapenem-hydrolyzing class A beta-lactamase kpc-32 [Klebsiella pneumoniae] Accession: WP_073800284.1", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6470": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGTCACTGTATCGCCGTCTAGTTCTGCTGTCTTGTCTCTCATGGCCGCTGGCTGGCTTTTCTGCCACCGCGCTGACCAACCTCGTCGCGGAACCATTCGCTAAACTCGAACAGGACTTTGGCGGCTCCATCGGTGTGTACGCGATGGATACCGGCTCAGGCGCAACTGTAAGTTACCGCGCTGAGGAGCGCTTCCCACTGTGCAGCTCATTCAAGGGCTTTCTTGCTGCCGCTGTGCTGGCTCGCAGCCAGCAGCAGGCCGGCTTGCTGGACACACCCATCCGTTACGGCAAAAATGCGCTGGTTCCGTGGTCACCCATCTCGGAAAAATATCTGACAACAGGCATGACGGTGGCGGAGCTGTCCGCGGCCGCCGTGCAATACAGTGATAACGCCGCCGCCAATTTGTTGCTGAAGGAGTTGGGCGGCCCGGCCGGGCTGACGGCCTTCATGCGCTCTATCGGCGATACCACGTTCCGTCTGGACCGCTGGGAGCTGGAGCTGAACTCCGCCATCCCAGGCGATGCGCGCTATACCTCATCGCCGCGCGCCGTGACGGAAAGCTTACAAAAACTGACACTGGGCTCTGCACTGGCTGCGCCGCAGCGGCAGCAGTTTGTTGATTGGCTAAAGGGAAACACGACCGGCAACCACCGCATCCGCGCGGCGGTGCCGGCAGACTGGGCAGTCGGAGACAAAACCGGAACCTGCGGAGTGTATGGCATGGCAAATGACTATGCCGTCGTCTGGCCCACTGGGCGCGCACCTATTGTGTTGGCCGTCTACACCCGGGCGCCTAACAAGGATGACAAGTACAGCGAGGCCGTCATCGCCGCTGCGGCTAGACTCGCGCTCGAGGGATTGGGCGTCAACGGGCAGTAA", "fmax": "9393", "accession": "MAPO01000050", "fmin": "8511", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Klebsiella pneumoniae", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "573", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "35915"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "OKL07573.1", "sequence": "MSLYRRLVLLSCLSWPLAGFSATALTNLVAEPFAKLEQDFGGSIGVYAMDTGSGATVSYRAEERFPLCSSFKGFLAAAVLARSQQQAGLLDTPIRYGKNALVPWSPISEKYLTTGMTVAELSAAAVQYSDNAAANLLLKELGGPAGLTAFMRSIGDTTFRLDRWELELNSAIPGDARYTSSPRAVTESLQKLTLGSALAAPQRQQFVDWLKGNTTGNHRIRAAVPADWAVGDKTGTCGVYGMANDYAVVWPTGRAPIVLAVYTRAPNKDDKYSEAVIAAAARLALEGLGVNGQ"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "35923": {"category_aro_name": "monobactam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35923", "category_aro_accession": "0000004", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Monobactams are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Unlike penams and cephems, monobactams do not have any ring fused to its four-member lactam structure. Monobactam antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36198": {"category_aro_name": "KPC beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36198", "category_aro_accession": "3000059", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenem resistant (KPC) beta-lactamases are notorious for their ability to efficiently hydrolyze carbapenems, unlike other Ambler Class A beta-lactamases.  There are currently 9 variants reported worldwide.  These enzymes were first isolated from Klebsiella pneumoniae strains in 2001 in the United States.  Hospital outbreaks have since been reported in Greece and Israel and KPC carrying strains are now endemic to New York facilities.  KPC-1 and KPC-2 have been shown to be identical and are now referred to as KPC-2."}}, "ARO_name": "KPC-32", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43723", "model_name": "KPC-32", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4095": {"model_id": "4095", "ARO_accession": "3005362", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "550", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "Inhibitor-resistant carbapenem-hydrolyzing class A beta-lactamase kpc-31 [Klebsiella] Accession: WP_073668892.1", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6469": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGTCACTGTATCGCCGTCTAGTTCTGCTGTCTTGTCTCTCATGGCCGCTGGCTGGCTTTTCTGCCACCGCGCTGACCAACCTCGTCGCGGAACCATTCGCTAAACTCGAACAGGACTTTGGCGGCTCCATCGGTGTGTACGCGATGGATACCGGCTCAGGCGCAACTGTAAGTTACCGCGCTGAGGAGCGCTTCCCACTGTGCAGCTCATTCAAGGGCTTTCTTGCTGCCGCTGTGCTGGCTCGCAGCCAGCAGCAGGCCGGCTTGCTGGACACACCCATCCGTTACGGCAAAAATGCGCTGGTTCCGTGGTCACCCATCTCGGAAAAATATCTGACAACAGGCATGACGGTGGCGGAGCTGTCCGCGGCCGCCGTGCAATACAGTGATAACGCCGCCGCCAATTTGTTGCTGAAGGAGTTGGGCGGCCCGGCCGGGCTGACGGCCTTCATGCGCTCTATCGGCGATACCACGTTCCGTCTGGACCGCTGGGAGCTGGAGCTGAACTCCGCCATCCCAGGCGATGCGCGCTATACCTCATCGCCGCGCGCCGTGACGGAAAGCTTACAAAAACTGACACTGGGCTCTGCACTGGCTGCGCCGCAGCGGCAGCAGTTTGTTGATTGGCTAAAGGGAAACACGACCGGCAACCACCGCATCCGCGCGGCGGTGCCGGCAGACTGGGCAGTCGGAGACAAAACCGGAACCTGCGGAGTGTATGGCACGGCAAATGACTATGCCGTCGTCTGGCCCACTGGGCGCGCACCTATTGTGTTGGCCGTCTACACCCGGGCGCCTAACAAGGATGACAAGTACAGCGAGGCCGTCATCGCCGCTGCGGCTAGACTCGCGCTCGAGGGATTGGGCGTCAACGGGCAGTAA", "fmax": "9393", "accession": "MAPH01000113.1", "fmin": "8511", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Klebsiella pneumoniae", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "573", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "35915"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "OKK72649.1", "sequence": "MSLYRRLVLLSCLSWPLAGFSATALTNLVAEPFAKLEQDFGGSIGVYAMDTGSGATVSYRAEERFPLCSSFKGFLAAAVLARSQQQAGLLDTPIRYGKNALVPWSPISEKYLTTGMTVAELSAAAVQYSDNAAANLLLKELGGPAGLTAFMRSIGDTTFRLDRWELELNSAIPGDARYTSSPRAVTESLQKLTLGSALAAPQRQQFVDWLKGNTTGNHRIRAAVPADWAVGDKTGTCGVYGTANDYAVVWPTGRAPIVLAVYTRAPNKDDKYSEAVIAAAARLALEGLGVNGQ"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "35923": {"category_aro_name": "monobactam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35923", "category_aro_accession": "0000004", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Monobactams are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Unlike penams and cephems, monobactams do not have any ring fused to its four-member lactam structure. Monobactam antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36198": {"category_aro_name": "KPC beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36198", "category_aro_accession": "3000059", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenem resistant (KPC) beta-lactamases are notorious for their ability to efficiently hydrolyze carbapenems, unlike other Ambler Class A beta-lactamases.  There are currently 9 variants reported worldwide.  These enzymes were first isolated from Klebsiella pneumoniae strains in 2001 in the United States.  Hospital outbreaks have since been reported in Greece and Israel and KPC carrying strains are now endemic to New York facilities.  KPC-1 and KPC-2 have been shown to be identical and are now referred to as KPC-2."}}, "ARO_name": "KPC-31", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43722", "model_name": "KPC-31", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4094": {"model_id": "4094", "ARO_accession": "3005361", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "550", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "Inhibitor-resistant class A extended-spectrum beta-lactamase kpc-28 [Escherichia coli] Accession: WP_072081992.1", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6468": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGTCACTGTATCGCCGTCTAGTTCTGCTGTCTTGTCTCTCATGGCCGCTGGCTGGCTTTTCTGCCACCGCGCTGACCAACCTCGTCGCGGAACCATTCGCTAAACTCGAACAGGACTTTGGCGGCTCCATCGGTGTGTACGCGATGGATACCGGCTCAGGCGCAACTGTAAGTTACCGCGCTGAGGAGCGCTTCCCACTGTGCAGCTCATTCAAGGGCTTTCTTGCTGCCGCTGTGCTGGCTCGCAGCCAGCAGCAGGCCGGCTTGCTGGACACACCCATCCGTTACGGCAAAAATGCGCTGGTTCCGTGGTCACCCATCTCGGAAAAATATCTGACAACAGGCATGACGGTGGCGGAGCTGTCCGCGGCCGCCGTGCAATACAGTGATAACGCCGCCGCCAATTTGTTGCTGAAGGAGTTGGGCGGCCCGGCCGGGCTGACGGCCTTCATGCGCTCTATCGGCGATACCACGTTCCGTCTGGACCGCTGGGAGCTGGAGCTGAACTCCGCCATCCCAGGCGATGCGCGCGATACCTCATCGCCGCGCGCCGTGACGGAAAGCTTACAAAAACTGACACTGGGCTCTGCACTGGCTGCGCCGCAGCGGCAGCAGTTTGTTGATTGGCTAAAGGGAAACACGACCGGCAACCACCGCATCCGCGCGGCGGTGCCGGCAGACTGGGCAGTCGGAGACAAAACCGGAACCTGCGGAGTGTATGCAAATGACTATGCCGTCGTCTGGCCCACTGGGCGCGCACCTATTGTGTTGGCCGTCTACACCCGGGCGCCTAACAAGGATGACAAGTACAGCGAGGCCGTCATCGCCGCTGCGGCTAGACTCGCGCTCGAGGGATTGGGCGTCAACGGGCAGTAA", "fmax": "876", "accession": "KY282958.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Escherichia coli", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "562", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "35914"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "APG42690.1", "sequence": "MSLYRRLVLLSCLSWPLAGFSATALTNLVAEPFAKLEQDFGGSIGVYAMDTGSGATVSYRAEERFPLCSSFKGFLAAAVLARSQQQAGLLDTPIRYGKNALVPWSPISEKYLTTGMTVAELSAAAVQYSDNAAANLLLKELGGPAGLTAFMRSIGDTTFRLDRWELELNSAIPGDARDTSSPRAVTESLQKLTLGSALAAPQRQQFVDWLKGNTTGNHRIRAAVPADWAVGDKTGTCGVYANDYAVVWPTGRAPIVLAVYTRAPNKDDKYSEAVIAAAARLALEGLGVNGQ"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "35923": {"category_aro_name": "monobactam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35923", "category_aro_accession": "0000004", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Monobactams are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Unlike penams and cephems, monobactams do not have any ring fused to its four-member lactam structure. Monobactam antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36198": {"category_aro_name": "KPC beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36198", "category_aro_accession": "3000059", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenem resistant (KPC) beta-lactamases are notorious for their ability to efficiently hydrolyze carbapenems, unlike other Ambler Class A beta-lactamases.  There are currently 9 variants reported worldwide.  These enzymes were first isolated from Klebsiella pneumoniae strains in 2001 in the United States.  Hospital outbreaks have since been reported in Greece and Israel and KPC carrying strains are now endemic to New York facilities.  KPC-1 and KPC-2 have been shown to be identical and are now referred to as KPC-2."}}, "ARO_name": "KPC-28", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43721", "model_name": "KPC-28", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4099": {"model_id": "4099", "ARO_accession": "3005366", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "550", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "Carbapenem-hydrolyzing class A beta-lactamase kpc-34 [Klebsiella pneumoniae] Accession: WP_109545044.1", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6473": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGTCACTGTATCGCCGTCTAGTTCTGCTGTCTTGTCTCTCATGGCCGCTGGCTGGCTTTTCTGCCACCGCGCTGACCAACCTCGTCGCGGAACCATTCGCTAAACTCGAACAGGACTTTGGCGGCTCCATCGGTGTGTACGCGATGGATACCGGCTCAGGCGCAACTGTAAGTTACCGCGCTGAGGAGCGCTTCCCACTGTGCAGCTCATTCAAGGGCTTTCTTGCTGCCGCTGTGCTGGCTCGCAGCCAGCAGCAGGCCGGCTTGCTGGACACACCCATCCGTTACGGCAAAAATGCGCTGGTTCCGTGGTCACCCATCTCGGAAAAATATCTGACAACAGGCATGACGGTGGCGGAGCTGTCCGCGGCCGCCGTGCAATACAGTGATAACGCCGCCGCCAATTTGTTGCTGAAGGAGTTGGGCGGCCCGGCCGGGCTGACGGCCTTCATGCGCTCTATCGGCGATACCACGTTCCGTCTGGACCGCTGGGAGCTGGAGCTGAACTCCGCCATCCCAGGCGATGCGCGCGATACCTCATCGCCGCGCGCCGTGACGGAAAGCTTACAAAAACTGACACTGGGCTCTGCACTGGCTGCGCCGCAGCGGCAGCAGTTTGTTGATTGGCTAAAGGGAAACACGACCGGCAACCACCGCATCCGCGCGGCGGTGCCGGCAGACTGGGCAGTCGGAGACAAAACCGGAACCTGCGGAGTGTATGGCACGGCAAATGACTATGCCGTCGTCTGGCCCACTGGGCGCGCACCTATTGTGTTGGCCGTCTACACCCGGGCGCCTAACAAGGATGACAAGCACAGCGAGGCCAAGGATGACAAGCACAGCGAGGCCGTCATCGCCGCTGCGGCTAGACTCGCGCTCGAGGGATTGGGCGTCAACGGGCAGTAA", "fmax": "906", "accession": "KU985429.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Klebsiella pneumoniae", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "573", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "35915"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "AMS25623.1", "sequence": "MSLYRRLVLLSCLSWPLAGFSATALTNLVAEPFAKLEQDFGGSIGVYAMDTGSGATVSYRAEERFPLCSSFKGFLAAAVLARSQQQAGLLDTPIRYGKNALVPWSPISEKYLTTGMTVAELSAAAVQYSDNAAANLLLKELGGPAGLTAFMRSIGDTTFRLDRWELELNSAIPGDARDTSSPRAVTESLQKLTLGSALAAPQRQQFVDWLKGNTTGNHRIRAAVPADWAVGDKTGTCGVYGTANDYAVVWPTGRAPIVLAVYTRAPNKDDKHSEAKDDKHSEAVIAAAARLALEGLGVNGQ"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "35923": {"category_aro_name": "monobactam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35923", "category_aro_accession": "0000004", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Monobactams are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Unlike penams and cephems, monobactams do not have any ring fused to its four-member lactam structure. Monobactam antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36198": {"category_aro_name": "KPC beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36198", "category_aro_accession": "3000059", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenem resistant (KPC) beta-lactamases are notorious for their ability to efficiently hydrolyze carbapenems, unlike other Ambler Class A beta-lactamases.  There are currently 9 variants reported worldwide.  These enzymes were first isolated from Klebsiella pneumoniae strains in 2001 in the United States.  Hospital outbreaks have since been reported in Greece and Israel and KPC carrying strains are now endemic to New York facilities.  KPC-1 and KPC-2 have been shown to be identical and are now referred to as KPC-2."}}, "ARO_name": "KPC-34", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43726", "model_name": "KPC-34", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4098": {"model_id": "4098", "ARO_accession": "3005365", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "550", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "Inhibitor-resistant class A extended-spectrum beta-lactamase kpc-33 [Klebsiella pneumoniae] Accession: WP_101140102.1", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6472": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGTCACTGTATCGCCGTCTAGTTCTGCTGTCTTGTCTCTCATGGCCGCTGGCTGGCTTTTCTGCCACCGCGCTGACCAACCTCGTCGCGGAACCATTCGCTAAACTCGAACAGGACTTTGGCGGCTCCATCGGTGTGTACGCGATGGATACCGGCTCAGGCGCAACTGTAAGTTACCGCGCTGAGGAGCGCTTCCCACTGTGCAGCTCATTCAAGGGCTTTCTTGCTGCCGCTGTGCTGGCTCGCAGCCAGCAGCAGGCCGGCTTGCTGGACACACCCATCCGTTACGGCAAAAATGCGCTGGTTCCGTGGTCACCCATCTCGGAAAAATATCTGACAACAGGCATGACGGTGGCGGAGCTGTCCGCGGCCGCCGTGCAATACAGTGATAACGCCGCCGCCAATTTGTTGCTGAAGGAGTTGGGCGGCCCGGCCGGGCTGACGGCCTTCATGCGCTCTATCGGCGATACCACGTTCCGTCTGGACCGCTGGGAGCTGGAGCTGAACTCCGCCATCCCAGGCGATGCGCGCTATACCTCATCGCCGCGCGCCGTGACGGAAAGCTTACAAAAACTGACACTGGGCTCTGCACTGGCTGCGCCGCAGCGGCAGCAGTTTGTTGATTGGCTAAAGGGAAACACGACCGGCAACCACCGCATCCGCGCGGCGGTGCCGGCAGACTGGGCAGTCGGAGACAAAACCGGAACCTGCGGAGTGTATGGCACGGCAAATGACTATGCCGTCGTCTGGCCCACTGGGCGCGCACCTATTGTGTTGGCCGTCTACACCCGGGCGCCTAACAAGGATGACAAGCACAGCGAGGCCGTCATCGCCGCTGCGGCTAGACTCGCGCTCGAGGGATTGGGCGTCAACGGGCAGTAA", "fmax": "88674", "accession": "CP025144.1", "fmin": "87792", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Klebsiella pneumoniae", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "573", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "35915"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "AUD37084.1", "sequence": "MSLYRRLVLLSCLSWPLAGFSATALTNLVAEPFAKLEQDFGGSIGVYAMDTGSGATVSYRAEERFPLCSSFKGFLAAAVLARSQQQAGLLDTPIRYGKNALVPWSPISEKYLTTGMTVAELSAAAVQYSDNAAANLLLKELGGPAGLTAFMRSIGDTTFRLDRWELELNSAIPGDARYTSSPRAVTESLQKLTLGSALAAPQRQQFVDWLKGNTTGNHRIRAAVPADWAVGDKTGTCGVYGTANDYAVVWPTGRAPIVLAVYTRAPNKDDKHSEAVIAAAARLALEGLGVNGQ"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "35923": {"category_aro_name": "monobactam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35923", "category_aro_accession": "0000004", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Monobactams are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Unlike penams and cephems, monobactams do not have any ring fused to its four-member lactam structure. Monobactam antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36198": {"category_aro_name": "KPC beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36198", "category_aro_accession": "3000059", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenem resistant (KPC) beta-lactamases are notorious for their ability to efficiently hydrolyze carbapenems, unlike other Ambler Class A beta-lactamases.  There are currently 9 variants reported worldwide.  These enzymes were first isolated from Klebsiella pneumoniae strains in 2001 in the United States.  Hospital outbreaks have since been reported in Greece and Israel and KPC carrying strains are now endemic to New York facilities.  KPC-1 and KPC-2 have been shown to be identical and are now referred to as KPC-2."}}, "ARO_name": "KPC-33", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43725", "model_name": "KPC-33", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4019": {"model_id": "4019", "ARO_accession": "3005287", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "800", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "PDC-285 is a class C beta-lactamase found in Pseudomonas aeruginosa", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6385": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGCGCGATACCAGATTCCCCTGCCTGTGCGGCATCGCCGCTTCCACACTGCTGTTCGCCACCACCCCGGCCATTGCCGGCGAGGCCCCGGCGGATCGCCTGAAGGCACTGGTCGACGCCGCCGTACAACCGGTGATGAAGGCCAATGACATTCCGGGCCTGGCCGTAGCCATCAGCCTGAAAGGAGAACCGCATTACTTCAGCTATGGGCTGGCCTCGAAAGAGGACGGCCGCCGGGTGACGCCGGAGACCCTGTTCGAGATCGGCTCGGTGAGCAAGACCTTCACCGCCACCCTAGCCGGCTATGCCCTGGCCCAGGACAAGATGCGCCTCGACGACCGCGCCAGCCAGCACTGGCCGGCACTGCAGGGCAGCCGCTTCGACGGCATCAGCCTGCTCGACCTCGCGACCTATACCGCCGGCGGCTTGCCGCTGCAGTTCCCCGACTCGGTGCAGAAGGACCAGGCACAGATCCGCGACTACTACCGCCAGTGGCAGCCGACCTACGCGCCGGGCAGCCAGCGCCTCTATTCCAACCCGAGCATCGGCCTGTTCGGCTATCTCGCCGCGCACAGCCTGGGCCAGCCGTTCAAACGGCTCATGGAGCAGCAACTGTTCCCGGCACTGGGCCTCGAACAGACCCACCTCGACGTGCCCGAGGCGGCGCTGGCGCAGTACGCCCAGGGCTACGGCAAGGACGACCGCCCCCTACGGGTCGGTCCCGGCCCGCTGGATGCCGAAGGCTACGGGGTGAAGACCAGCGCGGCCGACCTGCTGCGCTTCGTCGATGCCAACCTGCATCCGGAGCGCCTGGACAGGCCATGGGCGCAGGCGCTCGATGCCACCCATCGCGGTTACTACAAGGTCGGCGACATGACCCAGGGCCTGGGCTGGGAAGCCTACGACTGGCCGATCTCCCTGAAGCGCCTGCAGGCCGGCAACTCGACGCCGATGGCGCTGCAACCGCACAGGATCGCCAGGCTGCCCGCGCCACAGGCGCTGGAGGGCCAGCGCCTGCTGAACAAGACCGGTTCCACCAACGGCTTCGGCGCCTACGTGGCGTTCGTCCCGGGCCGCGACCTGGGACTGGTGATCCTGGCCAACCGCAACTATCCCAATGCCGAGCGGGTGAAGATCGCCTACGCCATCCTCAGCGGCCTGGAGCAGCAGGGCAAGGTGCCGCTGAAGCGCTGA", "fmax": "1194", "accession": "NG_060555.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Pseudomonas aeruginosa", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "287", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "36752"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_073669325.1", "sequence": "MRDTRFPCLCGIAASTLLFATTPAIAGEAPADRLKALVDAAVQPVMKANDIPGLAVAISLKGEPHYFSYGLASKEDGRRVTPETLFEIGSVSKTFTATLAGYALAQDKMRLDDRASQHWPALQGSRFDGISLLDLATYTAGGLPLQFPDSVQKDQAQIRDYYRQWQPTYAPGSQRLYSNPSIGLFGYLAAHSLGQPFKRLMEQQLFPALGLEQTHLDVPEAALAQYAQGYGKDDRPLRVGPGPLDAEGYGVKTSAADLLRFVDANLHPERLDRPWAQALDATHRGYYKVGDMTQGLGWEAYDWPISLKRLQAGNSTPMALQPHRIARLPAPQALEGQRLLNKTGSTNGFGAYVAFVPGRDLGLVILANRNYPNAERVKIAYAILSGLEQQGKVPLKR"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36237": {"category_aro_name": "PDC beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36237", "category_aro_accession": "3000098", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "PDC beta-lactamases are class C beta-lactamases that are found in Pseudomonas aeruginosa."}, "35923": {"category_aro_name": "monobactam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35923", "category_aro_accession": "0000004", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Monobactams are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Unlike penams and cephems, monobactams do not have any ring fused to its four-member lactam structure. Monobactam antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}}, "ARO_name": "PDC-285", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43644", "model_name": "PDC-285", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4018": {"model_id": "4018", "ARO_accession": "3005286", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "800", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "PDC-346 is a class C beta-lactamase found in Pseudomonas aeruginosa", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6384": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGCGCGATACCAGATTCCCCTGCCTGTGCGGCATCGCCGCTTCCACACTGCTGTTCGCCACCACCCCGGCCATTGCCGGCGAGGCCCCGGCGGATCGCCTGAAGGCACTGGTCGACGCCGCCGTACAACCGGTGATGAAGGCCAATGACATTCCGGGCCTGGCCGTAGCCATCAGCCTGAAAGGAGAACCGCATTACTTCAGCTATGGGCTGGCCTCGAAAGAGGACGGCCGCCAGGTGACGCCGGAGACCCTGTTCGAGATCGGCTCGGTGAGCAAGACCTTCACCGCCACCCTCGCCGGCTATGCCCTGGCCCAGGACAAGATGCGCCTCGACGACCGCGCCAGCCAGCACTGGCCGGCACTGCAGGGCAGCCGCTTCGACGGCATCAGCCTGCTCGACCTCGCGACCTATACCGCCGGCGGCTTGCCGCTGCAGTTCCCCGACTCGGTGCAGAAGGACCAGGCACAGATCCGCGACTACTACCGCCAGTGGCAGCCGACCTATGCGCCGGGCAGCCAGCGCCTCTATTCCAACCCGAGCATCGACCTGTTCGGCTATCTCGCCGCGCGCAGCCTGGGCCAGCCGTTCGAACGACTCATGGAGCAGCAAGTGTTCCCGGCACTGGGCCTCGAACAGACCCACCTCGACGTGCCCGAGGCGGCGCTGGCGCAGTACGCCCAGGGCTACGGCAAGGACGACCGCCCGCTACGGGTCGGTCCCGGCCCGCTGGATGCCGAAGGCTACGGGGTGAAGACCAGCGCGGCCGACCTGCTGCGCTTCGTCGATGCCAACCTGCATCCGGAGCGCCTGGACAGGCCCTGGGCGCAGGCGCTCGATGCCACCCATCGCGGTTACTACAAGGTCGGCGACATGACCCAGGGCCTGGGCTGGGAAGCCTACGACTGGCCGATCTCCCTGAAGCGCCTGCAGGCCGGCAACTCGACGCCGATGGCGCTGCAACCGCACAGGATCGCCAGGCTGCCCGCGCCACAGGCGCTGGAGGGCCAGCGCCTGCTGAACAAGACCGGTTCCACCAACGGCTTCGGCGCCTACGTGGCGTTCGTCCCGGGCCGCGACCTGGGACTGGTGATCCTGGCCAACCGCAACTATCCCAATGCCGAGCGGGTGAAGATCGCCTACGCCATCCTCAGCGGCCTGGAGCAGCAGGGCAAGGTGCCGCTGAAGCGCTGA", "fmax": "1194", "accession": "NG_065898.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Pseudomonas aeruginosa", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "287", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "36752"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_148044438.1", "sequence": "MRDTRFPCLCGIAASTLLFATTPAIAGEAPADRLKALVDAAVQPVMKANDIPGLAVAISLKGEPHYFSYGLASKEDGRQVTPETLFEIGSVSKTFTATLAGYALAQDKMRLDDRASQHWPALQGSRFDGISLLDLATYTAGGLPLQFPDSVQKDQAQIRDYYRQWQPTYAPGSQRLYSNPSIDLFGYLAARSLGQPFERLMEQQVFPALGLEQTHLDVPEAALAQYAQGYGKDDRPLRVGPGPLDAEGYGVKTSAADLLRFVDANLHPERLDRPWAQALDATHRGYYKVGDMTQGLGWEAYDWPISLKRLQAGNSTPMALQPHRIARLPAPQALEGQRLLNKTGSTNGFGAYVAFVPGRDLGLVILANRNYPNAERVKIAYAILSGLEQQGKVPLKR"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36237": {"category_aro_name": "PDC beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36237", "category_aro_accession": "3000098", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "PDC beta-lactamases are class C beta-lactamases that are found in Pseudomonas aeruginosa."}, "35923": {"category_aro_name": "monobactam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35923", "category_aro_accession": "0000004", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Monobactams are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Unlike penams and cephems, monobactams do not have any ring fused to its four-member lactam structure. Monobactam antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}}, "ARO_name": "PDC-346", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43643", "model_name": "PDC-346", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4013": {"model_id": "4013", "ARO_accession": "3005280", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "800", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "PDC-323 is a class C beta-lactamase found in Pseudomonas aeruginosa", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6377": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGCGCGATACCAGATTCCCCTGCCTGTGCGGCATCGCCGCTTCCACACTGCTGTTCGCCACCACCCCGGCCATTGCCGATGAGGCCCCGGCGGATCGCCTGAAGGCACTGGTCGACGCCGCCGTACAACCGGTGATGAAGGCCAATGACATTCCGGGCCTGGCCGTAGCCATCAGCCTGAAAGGAGAACCGCATTACTTCAGCTATGGGCTGGCCTCGAAAGAGGACGGCCGCCGGGTGACGCCGGAGACCCTGTTCGAGATCGGCTCGGTGAGCAAGACCTTCACCGCCACCCTCGCCGGCTATGCCCTGGCCCAGGACAAGATGCGCCTCGACGACCGCGCCAGCCAGCACTGGCCGGCACTGCAGGGCAGCCGCTTCGACGGCATCAGCCTGCTCGACCTCGCGACCTATACCGCCGGCGGCTTGCCGCTGCAGTTCCCCGACTCGGTGCAGAAGGACCAGGCACAGATCCGCGACTACTACCGCCAGTGGCAGCCGACCTACGCGCCGGGCAGCCAGCGCCTCTATTCCAACCCGAGCATCGGTCTGTTCGGCTATCTCGCCGCGCGCAGCCTGGGCCAGCCGTTCGAACGGCTCATGGAGCAGCAATTGTTCCCGGCACTGGGCCTCGAACAGACCCACCTCGACGTGCCCGAGGCGGCGCTGGCGCAGTACGCCCAGGGCTACGGCAAGGACGACCGCCCGCTACGGGTCGGTCCCGGCCCGCGGGATGCCGAAGGCTACGGGGTGAAGACCAGCGCGGCCGACCTGCTGCGCTTCGTCGATGCCAACCTGCATCCGGAGCGCCTGGACAGGCCCTGGGCGCAGGCGCTCGATGCCACCCATCGCGGTTACTACAAGGTCGGCGACATGACCCAGGGCCTGGGCTGGGAAGCCTACGACTGGCCAATCTCCCTGAAGCGCCTGCAGGCCGGCAACTCGACGCCGATGGCGCTGCAGCCGCACAGGATCGCCAGGCTGCCCGCGCCACAGGCGCTGGAGGGCCAGCGCCTGCTGAACAAGACCGGCTCCACCAACGGCTTCGGCGCCTACGTGGCGTTCGTCCCGGGCCGCGACCTGGGCCTGGTGATCCTGGCCAACCGCAACTATCCCAATGCCGAGCGGGTGAAGATCGCCTACGCCATCCTCAGCGGCCTGGAGCAGCAGGCCAAGGTGCCGCTGAAGCGCTGA", "fmax": "1194", "accession": "NG_066530.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Pseudomonas aeruginosa", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "287", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "36752"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_150823481.1", "sequence": "MRDTRFPCLCGIAASTLLFATTPAIADEAPADRLKALVDAAVQPVMKANDIPGLAVAISLKGEPHYFSYGLASKEDGRRVTPETLFEIGSVSKTFTATLAGYALAQDKMRLDDRASQHWPALQGSRFDGISLLDLATYTAGGLPLQFPDSVQKDQAQIRDYYRQWQPTYAPGSQRLYSNPSIGLFGYLAARSLGQPFERLMEQQLFPALGLEQTHLDVPEAALAQYAQGYGKDDRPLRVGPGPRDAEGYGVKTSAADLLRFVDANLHPERLDRPWAQALDATHRGYYKVGDMTQGLGWEAYDWPISLKRLQAGNSTPMALQPHRIARLPAPQALEGQRLLNKTGSTNGFGAYVAFVPGRDLGLVILANRNYPNAERVKIAYAILSGLEQQAKVPLKR"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36237": {"category_aro_name": "PDC beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36237", "category_aro_accession": "3000098", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "PDC beta-lactamases are class C beta-lactamases that are found in Pseudomonas aeruginosa."}, "35923": {"category_aro_name": "monobactam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35923", "category_aro_accession": "0000004", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Monobactams are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Unlike penams and cephems, monobactams do not have any ring fused to its four-member lactam structure. Monobactam antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}}, "ARO_name": "PDC-323", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43637", "model_name": "PDC-323", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4012": {"model_id": "4012", "ARO_accession": "3005279", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "800", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "PDC-324 is a class C beta-lactamase found in Pseudomonas aeruginosa", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6376": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGCGCGATACCAGATTCTCCTGCCTGTGCGGCATCGCCGCTTCCACACTGCTGTTCGCCACCACCCCGGCCATTGCCGATGAGGCCCCGGCGGATCGCCTGAAGGCACTGGTCGACGCCGCCGTACAACCGGTGATGAAGGCCAATGACATTCCGGGCCTGGCCGTAGCCATCAGCCTGAAAGGAGAACCGCATTACTTCAGCTATGGGCTGGCCTCGAAAGAGGACGGCCGCCGGGTGACGCCGGAGACCCTGTTCGAGATCGGCTCGGTGAGCAAGACCTTCACCGCCACCCTCGCCGGCTATGCCCTGGCCCAGGACAAGATGCGCCTCGACGACCGCGCCAGCCAGCACTGGCCGGCACTGCAGGGCAGCCGCTTCGACGGCATCAGCCTGCTCGACCTCGCGACCTATACCGCCGGCGGCTTGCCGCTGCAGTTCCCCGACTCGGTGCAGAAGGACCAGGCACAGATCCGCGACTACTACCGCCAGTGGCAGCCGACCTACGCGCCGGGCAGCCAGCGCCTCTATTCCAACCCGAGCATCGGCCTGTTCGGCTATCTCGCCGCGCGCAGCCTGGGCCAGCCGTTCGAACGGCTCATGGAGCAGCAATTGTTCCCGGCACTGGGCCTCGAACAGACCCACCTCGACGTGCCCGAGGCGGCGCTGGCGCAGTACGCCCAGGGCTACGGCAAGGACGACCGCCCGCTACGGGTCGGTCCCAGCCCGCTGGATGCCGAAGGCTACGGGGTGAAGACCAGCGCCGCCGACCTGCTGCGCTTCGTCGATGCCAACCTGCATCCGGAGCGCCTGGACAGGCCCTGGGCGCAGGCGCTCGATGCCACTCATCGCGGTTACTACAAGGTCGGCGACATGACCCAGGGCCTGGGCTGGGAAGCCTACGACTGGCCGATCTCCCTGAAGCGCCTGCAGGCCGGCAACTCGACGCCGATGGCGCTGCAACCACACAGGATCGCCAGGCTGCCCGCGCCACAGGCGCTGGAGGGCCAGCGCCTGCTGAACAAGACCGGCTCCACCAACGGCTTCGGCGCCTACGTGGCGTTCATTCCGGGCCGCGACCTGGGCCTGGTGATCCTGGCCAACCGCAACTATCCCAATGCCGAGCGGGTGAAGATCGCCTACGCCATCCTCAGCGGCCTGGAGCAGCAGGCCAAGGTGCCGCTGAAGCGCTGA", "fmax": "1194", "accession": "NG_066531.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Pseudomonas aeruginosa", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "287", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "36752"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_150823482.1", "sequence": "MRDTRFSCLCGIAASTLLFATTPAIADEAPADRLKALVDAAVQPVMKANDIPGLAVAISLKGEPHYFSYGLASKEDGRRVTPETLFEIGSVSKTFTATLAGYALAQDKMRLDDRASQHWPALQGSRFDGISLLDLATYTAGGLPLQFPDSVQKDQAQIRDYYRQWQPTYAPGSQRLYSNPSIGLFGYLAARSLGQPFERLMEQQLFPALGLEQTHLDVPEAALAQYAQGYGKDDRPLRVGPSPLDAEGYGVKTSAADLLRFVDANLHPERLDRPWAQALDATHRGYYKVGDMTQGLGWEAYDWPISLKRLQAGNSTPMALQPHRIARLPAPQALEGQRLLNKTGSTNGFGAYVAFIPGRDLGLVILANRNYPNAERVKIAYAILSGLEQQAKVPLKR"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36237": {"category_aro_name": "PDC beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36237", "category_aro_accession": "3000098", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "PDC beta-lactamases are class C beta-lactamases that are found in Pseudomonas aeruginosa."}, "35923": {"category_aro_name": "monobactam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35923", "category_aro_accession": "0000004", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Monobactams are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Unlike penams and cephems, monobactams do not have any ring fused to its four-member lactam structure. Monobactam antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}}, "ARO_name": "PDC-324", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43636", "model_name": "PDC-324", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4011": {"model_id": "4011", "ARO_accession": "3005283", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "800", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "PDC-384 is a class C beta-lactamase found in Pseudomonas aeruginosa", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6381": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGCGCGATACCAGATTCCCCTGCCTGTGCGGCATCGCCGCTTCCACACTGCTGTTCGCCGCCACCCCGGCCATTGCCGGCGAGGCCCCGGCGGATCGCCTGAAGGCACTGGTCGACGCCGCCGTACAACCGGTGATGAAGGCCAATGACATTCCGGGCCTGGCCGTAGCCATCAGCCTGAAAGGAGAACCGCATTACTTCAGCTATGGGCTGGCCTCGAAAGAGGACGGCCGCCGGGTGACGCCGGAGACCCTGTTCGAGATCGGCTCGGTGAGCAAGACCTTCACCGCCACCCTCGCCGGCTATGCCCTGGCCCAGGACAAGATGCGCCTCGACGACCGCGCCAGCAAGCACTGGCCGGCGCTGCAGGGCAGCCGCTTCGACGACATCAGCCTGCTCGACCTCGCGACCTATACCGCCGGCGGCTTGCCGCTGCAGTTCCCCGACTCGGTGCAGAAGGACCGGGCACAGATCCGCGACTACTACCGCCAGTGGCAGCCGACCTACGCGCCGGGCAGTCAGCGCCTCTATTCCAACCCGAGCATCGGCCTGTTCGGCTATCTCGCCGCGCGCAGCCTGGGCCAGCCGTTCGAACGGCTCATGGAGCAGCAATTGTTCCCGGCACTGGGCCTCGAACAGACCCACCTCGACGTGCCCGAGGCGGCGCTGGCGCAGTACGCCCAGGGCTACGGCAAGGACGACCGCCCGCTACGGGTCGGTCCCGGCCCGCTGGATGCCGAAGGCTACGGGGTGAAGACCAGCGCCGCCGACCTGCTGCGCTTCGTCGATGCCAACCTGCATCCGGAGCGCCTGGACAGGCCCTGGGCGCAGGCGCTCGATGCCACCCATCGCGGTTACTACAAGGTCGGCGACATGACCCAGGGCCTGGGCTGGGAAGCCTACGACTGGCCGATCTCCCTGAAGCGCCTGCAGGCCGGCAACTCGACGCCGATGGCGCCGCAACCACACAGGATCGCCAGGCTGCCCGCGCCACAGGCGCTGGAGGGCCAGCGCCTGCTGAACAAGACCGGCTCCACCAGCGGCTTCGGCGCCTACGTGGCGTTCGTCCCGGGCCGCGACCTGGGCCTGGTGATCCTGGCCAACCGCAACTATCCCAATGCCGAGCGGGTGAAGATCGCCTACGCCATCCTCAGCGGCCTGGAGCAGCAGGCCAAGGTGCCGCTGAAGCGCTGA", "fmax": "1194", "accession": "NG_066540.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Pseudomonas aeruginosa", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "287", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "36752"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_150823491.1", "sequence": "MRDTRFPCLCGIAASTLLFAATPAIAGEAPADRLKALVDAAVQPVMKANDIPGLAVAISLKGEPHYFSYGLASKEDGRRVTPETLFEIGSVSKTFTATLAGYALAQDKMRLDDRASKHWPALQGSRFDDISLLDLATYTAGGLPLQFPDSVQKDRAQIRDYYRQWQPTYAPGSQRLYSNPSIGLFGYLAARSLGQPFERLMEQQLFPALGLEQTHLDVPEAALAQYAQGYGKDDRPLRVGPGPLDAEGYGVKTSAADLLRFVDANLHPERLDRPWAQALDATHRGYYKVGDMTQGLGWEAYDWPISLKRLQAGNSTPMAPQPHRIARLPAPQALEGQRLLNKTGSTSGFGAYVAFVPGRDLGLVILANRNYPNAERVKIAYAILSGLEQQAKVPLKR"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36237": {"category_aro_name": "PDC beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36237", "category_aro_accession": "3000098", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "PDC beta-lactamases are class C beta-lactamases that are found in Pseudomonas aeruginosa."}, "35923": {"category_aro_name": "monobactam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35923", "category_aro_accession": "0000004", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Monobactams are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Unlike penams and cephems, monobactams do not have any ring fused to its four-member lactam structure. Monobactam antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}}, "ARO_name": "PDC-384", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43640", "model_name": "PDC-384", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4010": {"model_id": "4010", "ARO_accession": "3005278", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "800", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "PDC-118 is a class C beta-lactamase found in Pseudomonas aeruginosa", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6374": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGCGCGATACCAGATTCCCCTGCCTGTGCGGCATCGCCGCTTCCACACTGCTGTTCGCCACCACCCCGGCCATTGCCGGCGAGGCCCCGGCGGATCGCCTGAAGGCACTGGTCGACGCCGCCGTACAACCGGTGATGAAGGCCAATGACATTCCGGGCCTGGCCGTAGCCATCAGCCTGAAAGGAGAACCGCATTACTTCAGCTATGGGCTGGCCTCGAAAGAGGACGGCCGCCGGGTGACGCCGGAGACCCTGTTCGAGATCGGCTCGGTGAGCAAGACCTTCACCGCCACCCTCGCCGGCTATGCCCTGGCCCAGGACAAGATGCGCCTCGACGACCGCGCCAGCCAGCACTGGCCGGCACTGCAGGGCAGCCGCTTCGACGGCATCAGCCTGCTCGACCTCGCGACCTATACCGCCGGCGGCTTGCCGCTGCAGTTCCCCGACTCGGTGCAGAAGGACCAGGCACAGATCCGCGACTACTACCGCCAGTGGCAGCCGACCTATGCGCCGGGCAGCCAGCGCCTCTATTCCAACCCGAGCATCGGCCTGTTCGGCTATCTCGCCGCACGCAGCCTGGGCCAGCCGTTCGAACGACTCATGGAGCAGCAAGTGTTCCCGGCACTGGGCCTCGAACAGACCCACCTCGACGTGCCCGAGGCGGCGCTGGCGCAGTACGCCCAGGGCTACGGCAAGGACGACCGCCCGCTACGGGTCGGTCCCGGCCCGCTGGATGCCGAAGGCTACGGGGTGAAGACCAGCGCGGCCGACCTGCTGCGCTTCGTCGATGCCAACCTGCATCCGGAGCGCCTGGACAGGCCCTGGGCGCAGGCGCTCGATGCCACCCATCGCGGTTACTACAAGGTCGGCAACATGACCCAGGGCCTGGGCTGGGAAGCCTACGACTGGCCGATCTCCCTGAAGCGCCTGCAGGCCGGCAACTCGACGCCGATGGCGCTGCAACCGCACAGGATCGCCAGGCTGCCCGCGCCACAGGCGCTGGAGGGCCAGCGCCTGCTGAACAAGACCGGTTCCACCAACGGCTTCGGCGCCTACGTGGCGTTCGTCCCGGGCCGCGACCTGGGACTGGTGATCCTGGCCAACCGCAACTATCCCAATGCCGAGCGGGTGAAGATCGCCTACGCCATCCTCAGCGGCCTGGAGCAGCAGGGCAAGGTGCCGCTGAAGCGCTGA", "fmax": "1194", "accession": "NG_055482.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Pseudomonas aeruginosa", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "287", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "36752"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_094009806.1", "sequence": "MRDTRFPCLCGIAASTLLFATTPAIAGEAPADRLKALVDAAVQPVMKANDIPGLAVAISLKGEPHYFSYGLASKEDGRRVTPETLFEIGSVSKTFTATLAGYALAQDKMRLDDRASQHWPALQGSRFDGISLLDLATYTAGGLPLQFPDSVQKDQAQIRDYYRQWQPTYAPGSQRLYSNPSIGLFGYLAARSLGQPFERLMEQQVFPALGLEQTHLDVPEAALAQYAQGYGKDDRPLRVGPGPLDAEGYGVKTSAADLLRFVDANLHPERLDRPWAQALDATHRGYYKVGNMTQGLGWEAYDWPISLKRLQAGNSTPMALQPHRIARLPAPQALEGQRLLNKTGSTNGFGAYVAFVPGRDLGLVILANRNYPNAERVKIAYAILSGLEQQGKVPLKR"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36237": {"category_aro_name": "PDC beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36237", "category_aro_accession": "3000098", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "PDC beta-lactamases are class C beta-lactamases that are found in Pseudomonas aeruginosa."}, "35923": {"category_aro_name": "monobactam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35923", "category_aro_accession": "0000004", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Monobactams are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Unlike penams and cephems, monobactams do not have any ring fused to its four-member lactam structure. Monobactam antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}}, "ARO_name": "PDC-118", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43635", "model_name": "PDC-118", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4017": {"model_id": "4017", "ARO_accession": "3005285", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "800", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "PDC-201 is a class C beta-lactamase found in Pseudomonas aeruginosa", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6383": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGCGCGATACCAGATTCCCCTGCCTGTGCGGCATCGCCGCTTCCACACTGCTGTTCGCCACCACCCCGGCCATTGCCGGCGAGGCCCCGGCGGATCGCCTGAAGGCACTGGTCGACGCCGCCGTACAACCGGTGATGAAGGCCAATGACATTCCGGGCCTGGCCGTAGCCATCAGCCTGAAAGGAGAACCGCATTACTTCAGCTATGGGCTGGCCTCGAAAGAGGACGGCCGCCGGGTGACGCCGGAGACCCTGTTCGAGATCGGCTCGGTGAGCAAGACCTTCACCGCCACCCTCGCCGGCTATGCCCTGGCCCAGGACAAGATGCGTCTCGACGACCGCGCCAGCCAGCACTGGCCGGCACTGCAGGGCAGCCGCTTCGACGGCATCAGCCTGCTCGACCTCGCGACCTATACCGCCGGCGGCTTGCCGCTGCAGTTCCCCGACTCGGTGCAGAAGGACCAGGCACAGATCCGCGACTACTACCGCCAGTGGCAGCCGACCTACGCGCCGGGCAGCCAGCGCCGCTATTCCAACCCGAGCATCGGCCTGTTCGGCTATCTCGCCGCGCGCAGCCTGGGCCAGCCGTTCGAACGGCTCATGGAGCAGCAAGTGTTCCCGGCACTGGGCCTCGAACAGACCCACCTCGACGTGCCCGAGGCGGCGCTGGCGCAGTACGCCCAGGGCTACGGCAAGGACGACCGCCCGCTACGGGTCGGTCCCGGCCCGCTGGATGCCGAAGGCTACGGGGTGAAGACCAGCGCGGCCGACCTGCTGCGCTTCGTCGATGCCAACCTGCATCCGGAGCGCCTGGACAGGCCCTGGGCGCAGGCGCTCGATGCCACCCATCGCGGTTACTACAAGGTCGGCGACATGACCCAGGGCCTGGGCTGGGAAGCCTACGACTGGCCGATCTCCCTGAAGCGCCTGCAGGTCGGCAACTCGACGCCGATGGCGCTGCAACCGCACAGGATCGCCAGGCTGCCCGCGCCACAGGCGCTGGAGGGCCAGCGCCTGCTGAACAAGACCGGTTCCACCAACGGCTTCGGCGCCTACGTGGCGTTCGTCCCGGGCCGCGACCTGGGACTGGTGATCCTGGCCAACCGCAACTATCCCAATGCCGAGCGGGTGAAGATCGCCTACGCCATCCTCAGCGGCCTGGAGCAGCAGGGCAAGGTGCCGCTGAAGCGCTGA", "fmax": "1194", "accession": "NG_054986.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Pseudomonas aeruginosa", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "287", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "36752"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_087587966.1", "sequence": "MRDTRFPCLCGIAASTLLFATTPAIAGEAPADRLKALVDAAVQPVMKANDIPGLAVAISLKGEPHYFSYGLASKEDGRRVTPETLFEIGSVSKTFTATLAGYALAQDKMRLDDRASQHWPALQGSRFDGISLLDLATYTAGGLPLQFPDSVQKDQAQIRDYYRQWQPTYAPGSQRRYSNPSIGLFGYLAARSLGQPFERLMEQQVFPALGLEQTHLDVPEAALAQYAQGYGKDDRPLRVGPGPLDAEGYGVKTSAADLLRFVDANLHPERLDRPWAQALDATHRGYYKVGDMTQGLGWEAYDWPISLKRLQVGNSTPMALQPHRIARLPAPQALEGQRLLNKTGSTNGFGAYVAFVPGRDLGLVILANRNYPNAERVKIAYAILSGLEQQGKVPLKR"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36237": {"category_aro_name": "PDC beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36237", "category_aro_accession": "3000098", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "PDC beta-lactamases are class C beta-lactamases that are found in Pseudomonas aeruginosa."}, "35923": {"category_aro_name": "monobactam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35923", "category_aro_accession": "0000004", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Monobactams are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Unlike penams and cephems, monobactams do not have any ring fused to its four-member lactam structure. Monobactam antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}}, "ARO_name": "PDC-201", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43642", "model_name": "PDC-201", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4016": {"model_id": "4016", "ARO_accession": "3005284", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "800", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "PDC-264 is a class C beta-lactamase found in Pseudomonas aeruginosa", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6382": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGCGCGATACCAGATTCCCCTGCCTGTGCGGCATCGCCGCTTCCACACTGCTGTTCGCCACCACCCCGGCCATTGCCGGCGAGGCCCCGGCGGATCGCCTGAAGGCACTGGTCGACGCCGCCGTACAACCGGTGATGAAGGCCAATGACATTCCGGGCCTGGCCGTAGCCATCAGCCTGAAAGGAGAACCGCATTACTTCAGCTATGGGCTGGCCTCGAAAGAGGACGGCCGCCAGGTGACGCCGGAGACCCTGTTCGAGATCGGCTCGGTGAGCAAGACCTTCACCGCCACCCTCGCCGGCTATGCCCTGGCCCAGGACAAGATGCGCCTCGACGACCGCGCCAGCCAGCACTGGCCGGCACTGCAGGGCAGCCGCTTCGACGGCATCAGCCTGCTCGACCTCGCGACCTATACCGCCGGCGGCTTGCCGCTGCAGCTCCCCGACTCGGTGCAGAAGGACCAGGCACAGATCCGCGACTACTACCGCCAGTGGCAGCCGACCTATGCGCCGGGCAGCCAGCGCCTCTATTCCAACCCGAGCATCGGCCTGTTCGGCTATCTCGCCGCGCGCAGCCTGGGCCAGCCGTTCGAACGACTCATGGAGCAGCAAGTGTTCCCGGCACTGGGCCTCGAACAGACCCACCTCGACGTGCCCGAGGCGGCGCTGGCGCAGTACGCCCAGGGCTACGGCAAGGACGACCGCCCGCTACGGGTCGGTCCCGGCCCGCTGGATGCCGAAGGCTACGGGGTGAAGACCAGCGCGGCCGACCTGCTGCGCTTCGTCGATGCCAACCTGCATCCGGAGCGCCTGGACAGGCCCTGGGCGCAGGCGCTCGATGCCACCCATCGCGGTTACTACAAGGTCGGCGACATGACCCAGGGCCTGGGCTGGGAAGCCTACGACTGGCCGATCTCCCTGAAGCGCCTGCAGGCCGGCAACTCGACGCCGATGGCGCTGCAACCGCACAGGATCGCCAGGCTGCCCGCGCCACAGGCGCTGGAGGGCCAGCGCCTGCTGAACAAGACCGGTTCCACCAACGGCTTCGGCGCCTACGTGGCGTTCGTCCCGGGCCGCGACCTGGGACTGGTGATCCTGGCCAACCGCAACTATCCCAATGCCGAGCGGGTGAAGATCGCCTACGCCATCCTCAGCGGCCTGGAGCAGCAGGGCAAGGTGCCGCTGAAGCGCTGA", "fmax": "1194", "accession": "NG_057596.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Pseudomonas aeruginosa", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "287", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "36752"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_109791198.1", "sequence": "MRDTRFPCLCGIAASTLLFATTPAIAGEAPADRLKALVDAAVQPVMKANDIPGLAVAISLKGEPHYFSYGLASKEDGRQVTPETLFEIGSVSKTFTATLAGYALAQDKMRLDDRASQHWPALQGSRFDGISLLDLATYTAGGLPLQLPDSVQKDQAQIRDYYRQWQPTYAPGSQRLYSNPSIGLFGYLAARSLGQPFERLMEQQVFPALGLEQTHLDVPEAALAQYAQGYGKDDRPLRVGPGPLDAEGYGVKTSAADLLRFVDANLHPERLDRPWAQALDATHRGYYKVGDMTQGLGWEAYDWPISLKRLQAGNSTPMALQPHRIARLPAPQALEGQRLLNKTGSTNGFGAYVAFVPGRDLGLVILANRNYPNAERVKIAYAILSGLEQQGKVPLKR"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36237": {"category_aro_name": "PDC beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36237", "category_aro_accession": "3000098", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "PDC beta-lactamases are class C beta-lactamases that are found in Pseudomonas aeruginosa."}, "35923": {"category_aro_name": "monobactam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35923", "category_aro_accession": "0000004", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Monobactams are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Unlike penams and cephems, monobactams do not have any ring fused to its four-member lactam structure. Monobactam antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}}, "ARO_name": "PDC-264", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43641", "model_name": "PDC-264", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4015": {"model_id": "4015", "ARO_accession": "3005282", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "800", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "PDC-413 is a class C beta-lactamase found in Pseudomonas aeruginosa", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6380": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGCGCGATACCAGATTCCCCTGCCTGTGCGGCATCGCCGCTTCCACACTGCTGTTCGCCACCACCCCGGCCATTGCCGACGAGGCCCCGGCGGATCGCCTGAAGGCACTGGTCGACGCCGCCGTACAACCGGTGATGAAGGCCAATGACATTCCGGGCCTGGCCGTAGCCATCAGCCTGAAAGGAGAACCGCATTACTTCAGCTATGGGCTGGCCTCGAAAGAGGACGGCCGCCGGGTGACGCCGGAGACCCTGTTCGAGATCGGCTCGGTGAGCAAGACCTTCACCGCCACCCTCGCCGGCTATGCCCTGGCCCAGGACAAGATGCGCCTCGACGACCGCGCCAGCCAGCACTGGCCGGCACTGCAGGGCAGCCGCTTCGACGGCATCAGCCTGCTCGACCTCGCGACCTATACCGCCGGCGGCTTGCCGCTGCAGTTCCCCGACTCGGTGCAGAAGGACCAGGCACAGATCCGCGACTACTACCGCCAGTGGCAGCCGACCTACGCGCCGGGCAGCCAGCGCCTCTATTCCAACCCGAGCATCGGCCTGTTCGGCTATCTCGCCGCGCGCAGCCTGGGCCAGCCGTTCGAACGGCTCATGGAGCAGCAACTGTTCCCAGCACTGGGCCTCGAACAGACCCACCTCGACGTGCCCGAGGCGGCGCTGGCGCAGTACGCCCAGGGCTACGGCAAGGACGACCGCCCGCTACGGGTCGGTCCCGGCCCGCTGGATGCCGAAGGCTACGGGGTGAAGACCAGCGCGGCCGACCTGCTGCGCTTCGTCGATGCCAACCTGCATCCGGAGCGCCTGGACAGGCCCTGGGCGCAGGCGCTCGATGCCACCCATCGCGGTTACTACAAGGTCGGCGACATGACCCAGGGCCTGGGCTGGGAAGCCTACGACTGGCCGATCTCCCTGAAGCACCTGCAGGCCGGCAACTCGACGCCGATGGCGCTGCAACCGCACAGGATCGCCAGGCTGCCCGCGCCACAGGCGCTGGAGGGCCAGCGCCTGCTGAACAAGACCGGCTCCACCAACGGCTTCGGCGCCTACGTGGCGTTCATTCCGGGCCGCGACCTGGGCCTGGTGATCCTGGCCAACCGCAACTATCCCAATGCCGAGCGGGTGAAGATCGCCTACGCCATCCTCAGCGGCCTGGAGCAGCAGGCCAAGGTGCCGCTGAAGCGCTGA", "fmax": "1194", "accession": "NG_068201.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Pseudomonas aeruginosa", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "287", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "36752"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_168247897.1", "sequence": "MRDTRFPCLCGIAASTLLFATTPAIADEAPADRLKALVDAAVQPVMKANDIPGLAVAISLKGEPHYFSYGLASKEDGRRVTPETLFEIGSVSKTFTATLAGYALAQDKMRLDDRASQHWPALQGSRFDGISLLDLATYTAGGLPLQFPDSVQKDQAQIRDYYRQWQPTYAPGSQRLYSNPSIGLFGYLAARSLGQPFERLMEQQLFPALGLEQTHLDVPEAALAQYAQGYGKDDRPLRVGPGPLDAEGYGVKTSAADLLRFVDANLHPERLDRPWAQALDATHRGYYKVGDMTQGLGWEAYDWPISLKHLQAGNSTPMALQPHRIARLPAPQALEGQRLLNKTGSTNGFGAYVAFIPGRDLGLVILANRNYPNAERVKIAYAILSGLEQQAKVPLKR"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36237": {"category_aro_name": "PDC beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36237", "category_aro_accession": "3000098", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "PDC beta-lactamases are class C beta-lactamases that are found in Pseudomonas aeruginosa."}, "35923": {"category_aro_name": "monobactam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35923", "category_aro_accession": "0000004", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Monobactams are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Unlike penams and cephems, monobactams do not have any ring fused to its four-member lactam structure. Monobactam antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}}, "ARO_name": "PDC-413", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43639", "model_name": "PDC-413", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "4014": {"model_id": "4014", "ARO_accession": "3005281", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "800", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "PDC-258 is a class C beta-lactamase found in Pseudomonas aeruginosa", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6379": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGCGCGATACCAGATTCCCCTGCCTGTGCGGCATCGCCGCTTCCACACTGCTGTTCGCCACCACCCCGGCCATTGCCGGCGAGGCCCCGGCGGATCGCCTGAAGGCACTGGTCGACGCCGCCGTACAACCGGTGATGAAGGCCAATGACATTCCGGGCCTGGCCGTAGCCATCAGCCTGAAAGGAGAACCGCATTACTTCAGCTATGGGCTGGCCTCGAAAGAGGACGGCCGCCGGGTGACGCCGGAGACCCTGTTCGAGATCGGCTCGGTGAGCAAGACCTTCACCGCCACCCTCGCCGGCTATGCCCTGACCCAGGACAAGATGCGCCTCGACGACCGCGCCAGCCAGCACTGGCCGGCACTGCAGGGCAGCCGCTTCGCCGGCATCAGCCTGCTCGACCTCGCGACCTATACCGCCGGCGGCTTGCCGCTGCAGTTCCCCGACTCGGTGCAGAAGGACCAGGCACAGATCCGCGACTACTACCGCCAGTGGCAGCCGACCTACGCGCCGGGCAGCCAGCGCCTCTATTCCAACCCGAGCATCGGCCTGTTCGGCTATCTCGCCGCGCGCAGCCTGGGCCAGCCGTTCGAACGGCTCATGGAGCAGCAAGTGTTCCCGGCACTGGGCCTCGAACAGACCCACCTCGACGTGCCCGAGGCGGCGCTGGCGCAGTACGCCCAGGGCTACGGCAAGGACGACCGCCCGCTACGGGTCGGTCCCGGCCCGCTGGATGCCGAAGGCTACGGGGTGAAGACCAGCGCGGCCGACCTGCTGCGCTTCGTCGATGCCAACCTGCATCCGGAGCGCCTGGACAGGCCCTGGGCGCAGGCGCTCGATGCCACCCATCGCGGTTACTACAAGGTCGGCGACATGACCCAGGGCCTGGGCTGGGAAGCCTACGACTGGCCGATCTCCCTGAAGCGCCTGCAGGCCGGCAACTCGACGCCGATGGCGCTGCAACCGCACAGGATCGCCAGGCTGCCCGCGCCACAGGCGCTGGAGGGCCAGCGCCTGCTGAACAAGACCGGTTCCACCAACGGCTTCGGCGCCTACGTGGCGTTCGTCCCGGGCCGCGACCTGGGACTGGTGATCCTGGCCAACCGCAACTATCCCAATGCCGAGCGGGTGAAGATCGCCTACGCCATCCTCAGCGGCCTGGAGCAGCAGGGCAAGGTGCCGCTGAAGCGCTGA", "fmax": "1194", "accession": "NG_057590.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Pseudomonas aeruginosa", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "287", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "36752"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_109791192.1", "sequence": "MRDTRFPCLCGIAASTLLFATTPAIAGEAPADRLKALVDAAVQPVMKANDIPGLAVAISLKGEPHYFSYGLASKEDGRRVTPETLFEIGSVSKTFTATLAGYALTQDKMRLDDRASQHWPALQGSRFAGISLLDLATYTAGGLPLQFPDSVQKDQAQIRDYYRQWQPTYAPGSQRLYSNPSIGLFGYLAARSLGQPFERLMEQQVFPALGLEQTHLDVPEAALAQYAQGYGKDDRPLRVGPGPLDAEGYGVKTSAADLLRFVDANLHPERLDRPWAQALDATHRGYYKVGDMTQGLGWEAYDWPISLKRLQAGNSTPMALQPHRIARLPAPQALEGQRLLNKTGSTNGFGAYVAFVPGRDLGLVILANRNYPNAERVKIAYAILSGLEQQGKVPLKR"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36237": {"category_aro_name": "PDC beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36237", "category_aro_accession": "3000098", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "PDC beta-lactamases are class C beta-lactamases that are found in Pseudomonas aeruginosa."}, "35923": {"category_aro_name": "monobactam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35923", "category_aro_accession": "0000004", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Monobactams are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Unlike penams and cephems, monobactams do not have any ring fused to its four-member lactam structure. Monobactam antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "35939": {"category_aro_name": "carbapenem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35939", "category_aro_accession": "0000020", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Carbapenem antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}}, "ARO_name": "PDC-258", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43638", "model_name": "PDC-258", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "3988": {"model_id": "3988", "ARO_accession": "3005256", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "500", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "TEM-225 is a beta-lactamase.", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6352": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGAGTATTCAACATTTCCGTGTCGCCCTTATTCCCTTTTTTGCGGCATTTTGCCTTCCTGTTTTTGCTCACCCAGAAACGCTGGTGAAAGTAAAAGATGCTGAAGATCAGTTGGGTGCACGAGTGGGTTACATCGAACTGGATCTCAACAGCGGTAAGATCCTTGAGAGTTTTCGCCCCGAAGAACGTTTTCCAATGATGAGCACTTTTAAAGTTCTGCTATGTGGTGCGGTATTATCCCGTGTTGACGCCGGGCAAGAGCAACTCGGTCGCCGCATACACTATTCTCAGAATGACTTGGTTAAGTACTCACCAGTCACAGAAAAGCATCTTACGGATGGCATGACAGTAAGAGAATTATGCAGTGCTGCCATAACCATGAGTGATAACACTGCGGCCAACTTACTTCTGACAACGATCGGAGGACCGAAGGAGCTAACCGCTTTTTTGCACAACATGGGGGATCATGTAACTCGCCTTGATCGTTGGGAACCGGAGCTGAATGAAGCCATACCAAACGACGAGCGTGACACCACGACGCCTGCAGCAATGGCAACAACGTTGCGCAAACTATTAACTGGCGAACTACTTACTCTAGCTTCCCGGCAACAATTAATAGACTGGATGGAGGCGGATAAAGTTGCAGGACCACTTCTGCGCTCGGCCCTTCCGGCTGGCTGGTTTATTGCTGATAAATCTGGAGCCAGTGAGCGTGGGTCTCGCGGTATCATTGCAGCACTGGGGCCAGATGGTAAGCCCTCCCGTATCGTAGTTATCTACACGACGGGGAGTCAGGTAACTATGGATGAACGAAATAGACAGATCGCTGAGATAGGTGCCTCACTGATTAAGCATTGGTAA", "fmax": "861", "accession": "NG_052651.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Escherichia coli", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "562", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "35914"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_075985686.1", "sequence": "MSIQHFRVALIPFFAAFCLPVFAHPETLVKVKDAEDQLGARVGYIELDLNSGKILESFRPEERFPMMSTFKVLLCGAVLSRVDAGQEQLGRRIHYSQNDLVKYSPVTEKHLTDGMTVRELCSAAITMSDNTAANLLLTTIGGPKELTAFLHNMGDHVTRLDRWEPELNEAIPNDERDTTTPAAMATTLRKLLTGELLTLASRQQLIDWMEADKVAGPLLRSALPAGWFIADKSGASERGSRGIIAALGPDGKPSRIVVIYTTGSQVTMDERNRQIAEIGASLIKHW"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "40360": {"category_aro_name": "penem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "40360", "category_aro_accession": "3003706", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penems are a class of unsaturated beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. All penems are all synthetically made and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. They are structurally similar to carbapenems, however, where carbapenems have a carbon, penems have a sulfur."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36023": {"category_aro_name": "TEM beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36023", "category_aro_accession": "3000014", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "TEM-1 is the most commonly-encountered beta-lactamase in gram-negative bacteria. Up to 90% of ampicillin resistance in E. coli is due to the production of TEM-1. Also responsible for the ampicillin and penicillin resistance that is seen in H. influenzae and N. gonorrhoeae in increasing numbers. Although TEM-type beta-lactamases are most often found in E. coli and K. pneumoniae, they are also found in other species of gram-negative bacteria with increasing frequency. The amino acid substitutions responsible for the ESBL phenotype cluster around the active site of the enzyme and change its configuration, allowing access to oxyimino-beta-lactam substrates. Opening the active site to beta-lactam substrates also typically enhances the susceptibility of the enzyme to b-lactamase inhibitors, such as clavulanic acid.  Although the inhibitor-resistant beta-lactamases are not ESBLs, they are often discussed with ESBLs because they are also derivatives of the classical TEM- or SHV-type enzymes. These enzymes were at first given the designation IRT for inhibitor-resistant TEM beta-lactamase; however, all have subsequently been renamed with numerical TEM designations. There are at least 19 distinct inhibitor-resistant TEM beta-lactamases. Inhibitor-resistant TEM beta-lactamases have been found mainly in clinical isolates of E. coli, but also some strains of K. pneumoniae, Klebsiella oxytoca, P. mirabilis, and Citrobacter freundii. Although the inhibitor-resistant TEM variants are resistant to inhibition by clavulanic acid and sulbactam, thereby showing clinical resistance to the beta-lactam-lactamase inhibitor combinations of amoxicillin-clavulanate (Co-amoxiclav), ticarcillin-clavulanate, and ampicillin/sulbactam, they normally remain susceptible to inhibition by tazobactam and subsequently the combination of piperacillin/tazobactam, although resistance has been described."}, "36981": {"category_aro_name": "ampicillin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36981", "category_aro_accession": "3000637", "category_aro_class_name": "Antibiotic", "category_aro_description": "Ampicillin is a penicillin derivative that is highly acid stable, with its activity similar to benzylpenicillin."}, "35923": {"category_aro_name": "monobactam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35923", "category_aro_accession": "0000004", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Monobactams are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Unlike penams and cephems, monobactams do not have any ring fused to its four-member lactam structure. Monobactam antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}}, "ARO_name": "TEM-225", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43612", "model_name": "TEM-225", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "3989": {"model_id": "3989", "ARO_accession": "3005257", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "500", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "TEM-226 is a beta lactamase", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6353": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGAGTATTCAACATTTTCGTGTCGCCCTTATTCCCTTTTTTGCGGCATTTTGCCTTCCTGTTTTTGCTCACCCAGAAACGCTGGTGAAAGTAAAAGATGCTGAAGATCAGTTGGGTGCACGAGTGGGTTACATCGAACTGGATCTCAACAGCGGTAAGATCCTTGAGAGTTTTCGCCCCGAAGAACGTTTTCCAATGATGAGCACTTTTAAAGTTCTGCTATGTGGTGCGGTATTATCCCGTGTTGACGCCGGGCAAGAGCAACTCGGTCGCCGCATACACTATTCTCAGAATGACTTGGTTAAGTACTCACCAGTCACAGAAAAGCATCTTACGGATGGCATGACAGTAAGAGAATTATGCAGTGCTGCCATAACCATGAGTGATAACACTGCTGCCAACTTACTTCTGACAACGATCGGAGGACCGAAGGAGCTAACCGCTTTTTTGCACAACATGGGGGATCATGTAACTCGCCTTGATCGTTGGGAACCGGAGCTGAATGAAGCCATACCAAACGACGAGCGTGACACCACGATGCCTGCAGCAATGGCAACAACGTTGCGCAAACTATTAACTGGCGAACTACTTACTCTAGCTTCCCGGCAACAATTAATAGACTGGATGGAGGCGGATAAAGTTGCAGGACCACTTCTGCGCTCGGTCCTTCCGGCTGGCTGGTTTATTGCTGATAAATCTGGAGCCAGTGAGCGTGGGTCTCGCGGTATCATTGCAGCACTGGGGCCAGATGGTAAGCCCTCCCGTATCGTAGTTATCTACACGACGGGGAGTCAGGCAACTATGGATGAACGAAATAGACAGATCGCTGAGATAGGTGCCTCACTGATTAAGCATTGGTAA", "fmax": "861", "accession": "NG_054684.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Escherichia coli", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "562", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "35914"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_085562398.1", "sequence": "MSIQHFRVALIPFFAAFCLPVFAHPETLVKVKDAEDQLGARVGYIELDLNSGKILESFRPEERFPMMSTFKVLLCGAVLSRVDAGQEQLGRRIHYSQNDLVKYSPVTEKHLTDGMTVRELCSAAITMSDNTAANLLLTTIGGPKELTAFLHNMGDHVTRLDRWEPELNEAIPNDERDTTMPAAMATTLRKLLTGELLTLASRQQLIDWMEADKVAGPLLRSVLPAGWFIADKSGASERGSRGIIAALGPDGKPSRIVVIYTTGSQATMDERNRQIAEIGASLIKHW"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "40360": {"category_aro_name": "penem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "40360", "category_aro_accession": "3003706", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penems are a class of unsaturated beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. All penems are all synthetically made and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. They are structurally similar to carbapenems, however, where carbapenems have a carbon, penems have a sulfur."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36023": {"category_aro_name": "TEM beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36023", "category_aro_accession": "3000014", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "TEM-1 is the most commonly-encountered beta-lactamase in gram-negative bacteria. Up to 90% of ampicillin resistance in E. coli is due to the production of TEM-1. Also responsible for the ampicillin and penicillin resistance that is seen in H. influenzae and N. gonorrhoeae in increasing numbers. Although TEM-type beta-lactamases are most often found in E. coli and K. pneumoniae, they are also found in other species of gram-negative bacteria with increasing frequency. The amino acid substitutions responsible for the ESBL phenotype cluster around the active site of the enzyme and change its configuration, allowing access to oxyimino-beta-lactam substrates. Opening the active site to beta-lactam substrates also typically enhances the susceptibility of the enzyme to b-lactamase inhibitors, such as clavulanic acid.  Although the inhibitor-resistant beta-lactamases are not ESBLs, they are often discussed with ESBLs because they are also derivatives of the classical TEM- or SHV-type enzymes. These enzymes were at first given the designation IRT for inhibitor-resistant TEM beta-lactamase; however, all have subsequently been renamed with numerical TEM designations. There are at least 19 distinct inhibitor-resistant TEM beta-lactamases. Inhibitor-resistant TEM beta-lactamases have been found mainly in clinical isolates of E. coli, but also some strains of K. pneumoniae, Klebsiella oxytoca, P. mirabilis, and Citrobacter freundii. Although the inhibitor-resistant TEM variants are resistant to inhibition by clavulanic acid and sulbactam, thereby showing clinical resistance to the beta-lactam-lactamase inhibitor combinations of amoxicillin-clavulanate (Co-amoxiclav), ticarcillin-clavulanate, and ampicillin/sulbactam, they normally remain susceptible to inhibition by tazobactam and subsequently the combination of piperacillin/tazobactam, although resistance has been described."}, "36981": {"category_aro_name": "ampicillin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36981", "category_aro_accession": "3000637", "category_aro_class_name": "Antibiotic", "category_aro_description": "Ampicillin is a penicillin derivative that is highly acid stable, with its activity similar to benzylpenicillin."}, "35923": {"category_aro_name": "monobactam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35923", "category_aro_accession": "0000004", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Monobactams are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Unlike penams and cephems, monobactams do not have any ring fused to its four-member lactam structure. Monobactam antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}}, "ARO_name": "TEM-226", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43613", "model_name": "TEM-226", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "3985": {"model_id": "3985", "ARO_accession": "3001387", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "500", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "TEM-210", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6349": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGAGTATTCAACATTTTCGTGTCGCCCTTATTCCCTTTTTTGCGGCATTTTGCCTTCCTGTTTTTGCTCACCCAGAAACGCTGGTGAAAGTAAAAGATGCTGAAGATCAGTTGGGTGCACGAGTGGGTTACATCGAAATGGATCTCAACAGCGGTAAGATCCTTGAGAGTTTTCGCCCCGAAGAACGTTTTCCAATGCTGAGCACTTTTAAAGTTCTGCTATGTGGTGCGGTATTATCCCGTGTTGACGCCGGGCAAGAGCAACTCGGTCGCCGCATACACTATTCTCAGAATGACTTGGTTGAGTACTCACCAGTCACAGAAAAGCATCTTACGGATGGCATGACAGTAAGAGAATTATGCAGTGCTGCCATAACCATGAGTGATAACACTGCTGCCAACTTACTTCTGACAACGATCGGAGGACCGAAGGAGCTAACCGCTTTTTTGCACAACATGGGGGATCATGTAACTCGCCTTGATCGTTGGGAACCGGAGCTGAATGAAGCCATACCAAACGACGAGCGTGACACCACGATGCCTGCAGCAATGGCAACAACGTTGCGCAAACTATTAACTGGCGAACTACTTACTCTAGCTTCCCGGCAACAATTAATAGACTGGATGGAGGCGGATAAAGTTGCAGGACCACTTCTGCGCTCGGCCCTTCCGGCTGGCTGGTTTATTGCTGATAAATCTGGAGCCGGTGAGCGTGGGTCTCGCGGTATCATTGCAGCACTGGGGCCAGATGGTAAGCCCTCCCGTATCGTAGTTATCTACACGACGGGGAGTCAGGCAACTATGGATGAACGAAATAGACAGATCGCTGAGATAGGTGCCTCACTGATTAAGCATTGGTAA", "fmax": "961", "accession": "NG_050243.1", "fmin": "100", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Enterobacteriaceae", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "543", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "40532"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_032072208.1", "sequence": "MSIQHFRVALIPFFAAFCLPVFAHPETLVKVKDAEDQLGARVGYIEMDLNSGKILESFRPEERFPMLSTFKVLLCGAVLSRVDAGQEQLGRRIHYSQNDLVEYSPVTEKHLTDGMTVRELCSAAITMSDNTAANLLLTTIGGPKELTAFLHNMGDHVTRLDRWEPELNEAIPNDERDTTMPAAMATTLRKLLTGELLTLASRQQLIDWMEADKVAGPLLRSALPAGWFIADKSGAGERGSRGIIAALGPDGKPSRIVVIYTTGSQATMDERNRQIAEIGASLIKHW"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "40360": {"category_aro_name": "penem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "40360", "category_aro_accession": "3003706", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penems are a class of unsaturated beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. All penems are all synthetically made and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. They are structurally similar to carbapenems, however, where carbapenems have a carbon, penems have a sulfur."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36023": {"category_aro_name": "TEM beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36023", "category_aro_accession": "3000014", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "TEM-1 is the most commonly-encountered beta-lactamase in gram-negative bacteria. Up to 90% of ampicillin resistance in E. coli is due to the production of TEM-1. Also responsible for the ampicillin and penicillin resistance that is seen in H. influenzae and N. gonorrhoeae in increasing numbers. Although TEM-type beta-lactamases are most often found in E. coli and K. pneumoniae, they are also found in other species of gram-negative bacteria with increasing frequency. The amino acid substitutions responsible for the ESBL phenotype cluster around the active site of the enzyme and change its configuration, allowing access to oxyimino-beta-lactam substrates. Opening the active site to beta-lactam substrates also typically enhances the susceptibility of the enzyme to b-lactamase inhibitors, such as clavulanic acid.  Although the inhibitor-resistant beta-lactamases are not ESBLs, they are often discussed with ESBLs because they are also derivatives of the classical TEM- or SHV-type enzymes. These enzymes were at first given the designation IRT for inhibitor-resistant TEM beta-lactamase; however, all have subsequently been renamed with numerical TEM designations. There are at least 19 distinct inhibitor-resistant TEM beta-lactamases. Inhibitor-resistant TEM beta-lactamases have been found mainly in clinical isolates of E. coli, but also some strains of K. pneumoniae, Klebsiella oxytoca, P. mirabilis, and Citrobacter freundii. Although the inhibitor-resistant TEM variants are resistant to inhibition by clavulanic acid and sulbactam, thereby showing clinical resistance to the beta-lactam-lactamase inhibitor combinations of amoxicillin-clavulanate (Co-amoxiclav), ticarcillin-clavulanate, and ampicillin/sulbactam, they normally remain susceptible to inhibition by tazobactam and subsequently the combination of piperacillin/tazobactam, although resistance has been described."}, "36981": {"category_aro_name": "ampicillin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36981", "category_aro_accession": "3000637", "category_aro_class_name": "Antibiotic", "category_aro_description": "Ampicillin is a penicillin derivative that is highly acid stable, with its activity similar to benzylpenicillin."}, "35923": {"category_aro_name": "monobactam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35923", "category_aro_accession": "0000004", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Monobactams are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Unlike penams and cephems, monobactams do not have any ring fused to its four-member lactam structure. Monobactam antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}}, "ARO_name": "TEM-210", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "37787", "model_name": "TEM-210", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "3986": {"model_id": "3986", "ARO_accession": "3001389", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "500", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "From the Lahey list of beta-lactamases. Not yet released.", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6350": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGAGTATTCAACATTTCCGTGTCGCCCTTATTCCCTTTTTTGCGGCATTTTGCCTTCCTGTTTTTGCTCACCCAGAAACGCTGGTGAAAGTAAAAGATGCTGAAGATCAGTTGGGTGCACGAGTGGGTTACATCGAGCTGGATCTCAACAGCGGTAAGATCCTTGAGAGTTTTCGCCCCGAAGAACGTTTTCCAATGATGAGCACTTTTAAAGTTCTGCTATGTGGTGCGGTATTATCCCGTGTTGACGCCGGGCAAGAGCAACTCGGTCGCCGCATACACTATTCTCAGAATGACTTGGTTGAGAACTCACCAGTCACAGAAAAGCATCTTACGGATGGCATGACAGTAAGAGAATTATGCAGTGCTGCCATAACCATGAGTGATAACACTGCGGCCAACTTACTTCTGACAACGATCGGAGGACCGAAGGAGCTAACCGCTTTTTTGCACAACATGGGGGATCATGTAACCCGCCTTGATCGTTGGGAACCGGAGCTGAATGAAGCCATACCAAACGACGAGCGTGACACCACGATGCCTGCAGCAATGGCAACAACGTTGCGCAAACTATTAACTGGCGAACTACTTACTCTAGCTTCCCGGCAACAATTAATAGACTGGATGGAGGCGGATAAAGTTGCAGGACCACTTCTGCGCTCGGCCCTTCCGGCTGGCTGGTTTATTGCTGATAAATCTGGAGCCGGTGAGCGTGGATCTCGCGGTATCATTGCAGCACTGGGGCCAGATGGTAAGCCCTCCCGTATCGTAGTTATCTACACGACGGGGAGTCAGGCAACTATGGATGAACGAAATAGACAGATCGCTGAGATAGGTGCCTCACTGATTAAGCATTGGTAA", "fmax": "861", "accession": "NG_050245.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Providencia stuartii", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "588", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "36946"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_063864901.1", "sequence": "MSIQHFRVALIPFFAAFCLPVFAHPETLVKVKDAEDQLGARVGYIELDLNSGKILESFRPEERFPMMSTFKVLLCGAVLSRVDAGQEQLGRRIHYSQNDLVENSPVTEKHLTDGMTVRELCSAAITMSDNTAANLLLTTIGGPKELTAFLHNMGDHVTRLDRWEPELNEAIPNDERDTTMPAAMATTLRKLLTGELLTLASRQQLIDWMEADKVAGPLLRSALPAGWFIADKSGAGERGSRGIIAALGPDGKPSRIVVIYTTGSQATMDERNRQIAEIGASLIKHW"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "40360": {"category_aro_name": "penem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "40360", "category_aro_accession": "3003706", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penems are a class of unsaturated beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. All penems are all synthetically made and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. They are structurally similar to carbapenems, however, where carbapenems have a carbon, penems have a sulfur."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36023": {"category_aro_name": "TEM beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36023", "category_aro_accession": "3000014", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "TEM-1 is the most commonly-encountered beta-lactamase in gram-negative bacteria. Up to 90% of ampicillin resistance in E. coli is due to the production of TEM-1. Also responsible for the ampicillin and penicillin resistance that is seen in H. influenzae and N. gonorrhoeae in increasing numbers. Although TEM-type beta-lactamases are most often found in E. coli and K. pneumoniae, they are also found in other species of gram-negative bacteria with increasing frequency. The amino acid substitutions responsible for the ESBL phenotype cluster around the active site of the enzyme and change its configuration, allowing access to oxyimino-beta-lactam substrates. Opening the active site to beta-lactam substrates also typically enhances the susceptibility of the enzyme to b-lactamase inhibitors, such as clavulanic acid.  Although the inhibitor-resistant beta-lactamases are not ESBLs, they are often discussed with ESBLs because they are also derivatives of the classical TEM- or SHV-type enzymes. These enzymes were at first given the designation IRT for inhibitor-resistant TEM beta-lactamase; however, all have subsequently been renamed with numerical TEM designations. There are at least 19 distinct inhibitor-resistant TEM beta-lactamases. Inhibitor-resistant TEM beta-lactamases have been found mainly in clinical isolates of E. coli, but also some strains of K. pneumoniae, Klebsiella oxytoca, P. mirabilis, and Citrobacter freundii. Although the inhibitor-resistant TEM variants are resistant to inhibition by clavulanic acid and sulbactam, thereby showing clinical resistance to the beta-lactam-lactamase inhibitor combinations of amoxicillin-clavulanate (Co-amoxiclav), ticarcillin-clavulanate, and ampicillin/sulbactam, they normally remain susceptible to inhibition by tazobactam and subsequently the combination of piperacillin/tazobactam, although resistance has been described."}, "36981": {"category_aro_name": "ampicillin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36981", "category_aro_accession": "3000637", "category_aro_class_name": "Antibiotic", "category_aro_description": "Ampicillin is a penicillin derivative that is highly acid stable, with its activity similar to benzylpenicillin."}, "35923": {"category_aro_name": "monobactam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35923", "category_aro_accession": "0000004", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Monobactams are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Unlike penams and cephems, monobactams do not have any ring fused to its four-member lactam structure. Monobactam antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}}, "ARO_name": "TEM-212", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "37789", "model_name": "TEM-212", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "3987": {"model_id": "3987", "ARO_accession": "3005255", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "500", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "TEM-224 is a beta-lactamase", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6351": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGAGTATTAAACATTTCCGTGTCGCCCTTATTCCCTTTTTTGCGGCATTTTGCCTTCCTGTTTTTGCTCACCCAGAAACGCTGGTGAAAGTAAAAGATGCTGAAGATCAGTTGGGTGCACGAGTGGGTTACATCGAGCTGGATCTCAACAGCGGTAAGATCCTTGAGAGTTTTCGCCCCGAAGAACGTTTTCCAATGATGAGCACTTTTAAAGTTCTGCTATGTGGTGCGGTATTATCCCGTGTTGACGCCGGGCAAGAGCAACTCGGTCGCCGCATACACTATTCTCAGAATGACTTGGTTAAGTACTCACCAGTCACAGAAAAGCATCTTACGGATGGCATGACAGTAAGAGAATTATGCAGTGCTGCCATAACCATGACTGATAACACTGCGGCCAACTTACTTCTGACAACGATCGGAGGACCGAAGGAGCTAACCGCTTTTTTGCACAACATGGGGGATCATGTAACCCGCCTTGATAGTTGGGAACCGGAGCTGAATGAAGCCATACCAAACGACGAGCGTGACACCACGACGCCTGCAGCAATGGCAACAACGTTGCGCAAACTATTAACTGGCGAACTACTTACTCTAGCTTCCCGGCAACAATTAATAGACTGGATGGAGGCGGATAAAGTTGCAGGACCACTTCTGCGCTCGGCCCTTCCGGCTGGCTGGTTTATTGCTGATAAATCTGGAGCCGGTGAGCGTGGATCTCGCGGTATCATTGCAGCACTGGGGCCAGATGGTAAGCCCTCCCGTATCGTAGTTATCTACACGACGGGGAGTCAGGCAACTATGGATGAACGAAATAGACAGATCGCTGAGATAGGTGCCTCACTGATTAAGCATTGGTAA", "fmax": "861", "accession": "NG_050254.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Klebsiella pneumoniae", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "573", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "35915"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_063864908.1", "sequence": "MSIKHFRVALIPFFAAFCLPVFAHPETLVKVKDAEDQLGARVGYIELDLNSGKILESFRPEERFPMMSTFKVLLCGAVLSRVDAGQEQLGRRIHYSQNDLVKYSPVTEKHLTDGMTVRELCSAAITMTDNTAANLLLTTIGGPKELTAFLHNMGDHVTRLDSWEPELNEAIPNDERDTTTPAAMATTLRKLLTGELLTLASRQQLIDWMEADKVAGPLLRSALPAGWFIADKSGAGERGSRGIIAALGPDGKPSRIVVIYTTGSQATMDERNRQIAEIGASLIKHW"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "40360": {"category_aro_name": "penem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "40360", "category_aro_accession": "3003706", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penems are a class of unsaturated beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. All penems are all synthetically made and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. They are structurally similar to carbapenems, however, where carbapenems have a carbon, penems have a sulfur."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36023": {"category_aro_name": "TEM beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36023", "category_aro_accession": "3000014", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "TEM-1 is the most commonly-encountered beta-lactamase in gram-negative bacteria. Up to 90% of ampicillin resistance in E. coli is due to the production of TEM-1. Also responsible for the ampicillin and penicillin resistance that is seen in H. influenzae and N. gonorrhoeae in increasing numbers. Although TEM-type beta-lactamases are most often found in E. coli and K. pneumoniae, they are also found in other species of gram-negative bacteria with increasing frequency. The amino acid substitutions responsible for the ESBL phenotype cluster around the active site of the enzyme and change its configuration, allowing access to oxyimino-beta-lactam substrates. Opening the active site to beta-lactam substrates also typically enhances the susceptibility of the enzyme to b-lactamase inhibitors, such as clavulanic acid.  Although the inhibitor-resistant beta-lactamases are not ESBLs, they are often discussed with ESBLs because they are also derivatives of the classical TEM- or SHV-type enzymes. These enzymes were at first given the designation IRT for inhibitor-resistant TEM beta-lactamase; however, all have subsequently been renamed with numerical TEM designations. There are at least 19 distinct inhibitor-resistant TEM beta-lactamases. Inhibitor-resistant TEM beta-lactamases have been found mainly in clinical isolates of E. coli, but also some strains of K. pneumoniae, Klebsiella oxytoca, P. mirabilis, and Citrobacter freundii. Although the inhibitor-resistant TEM variants are resistant to inhibition by clavulanic acid and sulbactam, thereby showing clinical resistance to the beta-lactam-lactamase inhibitor combinations of amoxicillin-clavulanate (Co-amoxiclav), ticarcillin-clavulanate, and ampicillin/sulbactam, they normally remain susceptible to inhibition by tazobactam and subsequently the combination of piperacillin/tazobactam, although resistance has been described."}, "36981": {"category_aro_name": "ampicillin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36981", "category_aro_accession": "3000637", "category_aro_class_name": "Antibiotic", "category_aro_description": "Ampicillin is a penicillin derivative that is highly acid stable, with its activity similar to benzylpenicillin."}, "35923": {"category_aro_name": "monobactam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35923", "category_aro_accession": "0000004", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Monobactams are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Unlike penams and cephems, monobactams do not have any ring fused to its four-member lactam structure. Monobactam antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}}, "ARO_name": "TEM-224", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "43611", "model_name": "TEM-224", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "3980": {"model_id": "3980", "ARO_accession": "3000905", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "500", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "TEM-35 is an inhibitor-resistant beta-lactamase that has been found in clinical isolates.", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6344": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGAGTATTCAACATTTTCGTGTCGCCCTTATTCCCTTTTTTGCGGCATTTTGCCTTCCTGTTTTTGCTCACCCAGAAACGCTGGTGAAAGTAAAAGATGCTGAAGATCAGTTGGGTGCACGAGTGGGTTACATCGAACTGGATCTCAACAGCGGTAAGATCCTTGAGAGTTTTCGCCCCGAAGAACGTTTTCCAATGCTGAGCACTTTTAAAGTTCTGCTATGTGGTGCGGTATTATCCCGTGTTGACGCCGGGCAAGAGCAACTCGGTCGCCGCATACACTATTCTCAGAATGACTTGGTTGAGTACTCACCAGTCACAGAAAAGCATCTTACGGATGGCATGACAGTAAGAGAATTATGCAGTGCTGCCATAACCATGAGTGATAACACTGCTGCCAACTTACTTCTGACAACGATCGGAGGACCGAAGGAGCTAACCGCTTTTTTGCACAACATGGGGGATCATGTAACTCGCCTTGATCGTTGGGAACCGGAGCTGAATGAAGCCATACCAAACGACGAGCGTGACACCACGATGCCTGCAGCAATGGCAACAACGTTGCGCAAACTATTAACTGGCGAACTACTTACTCTAGCTTCCCGGCAACAATTAATAGACTGGATGGAGGCGGATAAAGTTGCAGGACCACTTCTGCGCTCGGCCCTTCCGGCTGGCTGGTTTATTGCTGATAAATCTGGAGCCGGTGAGCGTGGGTCTCGCGGTATCATTGCAGCACTGGGGCCAGATGGTAAGCCCTCCCGTATCGTAGTTATCTACACGACGGGGAGTCAGGCAACTATGGATGAACGAGATAGACAGATCGCTGAGATAGGTGCCTCACTGATTAAGCATTGGTAA", "fmax": "874", "accession": "NG_050264.1", "fmin": "13", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Escherichia coli", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "562", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "35914"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_063864910.1", "sequence": "MSIQHFRVALIPFFAAFCLPVFAHPETLVKVKDAEDQLGARVGYIELDLNSGKILESFRPEERFPMLSTFKVLLCGAVLSRVDAGQEQLGRRIHYSQNDLVEYSPVTEKHLTDGMTVRELCSAAITMSDNTAANLLLTTIGGPKELTAFLHNMGDHVTRLDRWEPELNEAIPNDERDTTMPAAMATTLRKLLTGELLTLASRQQLIDWMEADKVAGPLLRSALPAGWFIADKSGAGERGSRGIIAALGPDGKPSRIVVIYTTGSQATMDERDRQIAEIGASLIKHW"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "40360": {"category_aro_name": "penem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "40360", "category_aro_accession": "3003706", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penems are a class of unsaturated beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. All penems are all synthetically made and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. They are structurally similar to carbapenems, however, where carbapenems have a carbon, penems have a sulfur."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36023": {"category_aro_name": "TEM beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36023", "category_aro_accession": "3000014", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "TEM-1 is the most commonly-encountered beta-lactamase in gram-negative bacteria. Up to 90% of ampicillin resistance in E. coli is due to the production of TEM-1. Also responsible for the ampicillin and penicillin resistance that is seen in H. influenzae and N. gonorrhoeae in increasing numbers. Although TEM-type beta-lactamases are most often found in E. coli and K. pneumoniae, they are also found in other species of gram-negative bacteria with increasing frequency. The amino acid substitutions responsible for the ESBL phenotype cluster around the active site of the enzyme and change its configuration, allowing access to oxyimino-beta-lactam substrates. Opening the active site to beta-lactam substrates also typically enhances the susceptibility of the enzyme to b-lactamase inhibitors, such as clavulanic acid.  Although the inhibitor-resistant beta-lactamases are not ESBLs, they are often discussed with ESBLs because they are also derivatives of the classical TEM- or SHV-type enzymes. These enzymes were at first given the designation IRT for inhibitor-resistant TEM beta-lactamase; however, all have subsequently been renamed with numerical TEM designations. There are at least 19 distinct inhibitor-resistant TEM beta-lactamases. Inhibitor-resistant TEM beta-lactamases have been found mainly in clinical isolates of E. coli, but also some strains of K. pneumoniae, Klebsiella oxytoca, P. mirabilis, and Citrobacter freundii. Although the inhibitor-resistant TEM variants are resistant to inhibition by clavulanic acid and sulbactam, thereby showing clinical resistance to the beta-lactam-lactamase inhibitor combinations of amoxicillin-clavulanate (Co-amoxiclav), ticarcillin-clavulanate, and ampicillin/sulbactam, they normally remain susceptible to inhibition by tazobactam and subsequently the combination of piperacillin/tazobactam, although resistance has been described."}, "36981": {"category_aro_name": "ampicillin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36981", "category_aro_accession": "3000637", "category_aro_class_name": "Antibiotic", "category_aro_description": "Ampicillin is a penicillin derivative that is highly acid stable, with its activity similar to benzylpenicillin."}, "35923": {"category_aro_name": "monobactam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35923", "category_aro_accession": "0000004", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Monobactams are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Unlike penams and cephems, monobactams do not have any ring fused to its four-member lactam structure. Monobactam antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}}, "ARO_name": "TEM-35", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "37285", "model_name": "TEM-35", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "3981": {"model_id": "3981", "ARO_accession": "3000906", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "500", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "TEM-36 is an inhibitor-resistant beta-lactamase that has been found in clinical isolates.", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6345": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGAGTATTCAACATTTTCGTGTCGCCCTTATTCCCTTTTTTGCGGCATTTTGCCTTCCTGTTTTTGCTCACCCAGAAACGCTGGTGAAAGTAAAAGATGCTGAAGATCAGTTGGGTGCACGAGTGGGTTACATCGAACTGGATCTCAACAGCGGTAAGATCCTTGAGAGTTTTCGCCCCGAAGAACGTTTTCCAATGGTGAGCACTTTTAAAGTTCTGCTATGTGGTGCGGTATTATCCCGTGTTGACGCCGGGCAAGAGCAACTCGGTCGCCGCATACACTATTCTCAGAATGACTTGGTTGAGTACTCACCAGTCACAGAAAAGCATCTTACGGATGGCATGACAGTAAGAGAATTATGCAGTGCTGCCATAACCATGAGTGATAACACTGCTGCCAACTTACTTCTGACAACGATCGGAGGACCGAAGGAGCTAACCGCTTTTTTGCACAACATGGGGGATCATGTAACTCGCCTTGATCGTTGGGAACCGGAGCTGAATGAAGCCATACCAAACGACGAGCGTGACACCACGATGCCTGCAGCAATGGCAACAACGTTGCGCAAACTATTAACTGGCGAACTACTTACTCTAGCTTCCCGGCAACAATTAATAGACTGGATGGAGGCGGATAAAGTTGCAGGACCACTTCTGCGCTCGGCCCTTCCGGCTGGCTGGTTTATTGCTGATAAATCTGGAGCCGGTGAGCGTGGGTCTCGCGGTATCATTGCAGCACTGGGGCCAGATGGTAAGCCCTCCCGTATCGTAGTTATCTACACGACGGGGAGTCAGGCAACTATGGATGAACGAGATAGACAGATCGCTGAGATAGGTGCCTCACTGATTAAGCATTGGTAA", "fmax": "861", "accession": "NG_052650.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Escherichia coli", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "562", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "35914"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_075985685.1", "sequence": "MSIQHFRVALIPFFAAFCLPVFAHPETLVKVKDAEDQLGARVGYIELDLNSGKILESFRPEERFPMVSTFKVLLCGAVLSRVDAGQEQLGRRIHYSQNDLVEYSPVTEKHLTDGMTVRELCSAAITMSDNTAANLLLTTIGGPKELTAFLHNMGDHVTRLDRWEPELNEAIPNDERDTTMPAAMATTLRKLLTGELLTLASRQQLIDWMEADKVAGPLLRSALPAGWFIADKSGAGERGSRGIIAALGPDGKPSRIVVIYTTGSQATMDERDRQIAEIGASLIKHW"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "40360": {"category_aro_name": "penem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "40360", "category_aro_accession": "3003706", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penems are a class of unsaturated beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. All penems are all synthetically made and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. They are structurally similar to carbapenems, however, where carbapenems have a carbon, penems have a sulfur."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36023": {"category_aro_name": "TEM beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36023", "category_aro_accession": "3000014", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "TEM-1 is the most commonly-encountered beta-lactamase in gram-negative bacteria. Up to 90% of ampicillin resistance in E. coli is due to the production of TEM-1. Also responsible for the ampicillin and penicillin resistance that is seen in H. influenzae and N. gonorrhoeae in increasing numbers. Although TEM-type beta-lactamases are most often found in E. coli and K. pneumoniae, they are also found in other species of gram-negative bacteria with increasing frequency. The amino acid substitutions responsible for the ESBL phenotype cluster around the active site of the enzyme and change its configuration, allowing access to oxyimino-beta-lactam substrates. Opening the active site to beta-lactam substrates also typically enhances the susceptibility of the enzyme to b-lactamase inhibitors, such as clavulanic acid.  Although the inhibitor-resistant beta-lactamases are not ESBLs, they are often discussed with ESBLs because they are also derivatives of the classical TEM- or SHV-type enzymes. These enzymes were at first given the designation IRT for inhibitor-resistant TEM beta-lactamase; however, all have subsequently been renamed with numerical TEM designations. There are at least 19 distinct inhibitor-resistant TEM beta-lactamases. Inhibitor-resistant TEM beta-lactamases have been found mainly in clinical isolates of E. coli, but also some strains of K. pneumoniae, Klebsiella oxytoca, P. mirabilis, and Citrobacter freundii. Although the inhibitor-resistant TEM variants are resistant to inhibition by clavulanic acid and sulbactam, thereby showing clinical resistance to the beta-lactam-lactamase inhibitor combinations of amoxicillin-clavulanate (Co-amoxiclav), ticarcillin-clavulanate, and ampicillin/sulbactam, they normally remain susceptible to inhibition by tazobactam and subsequently the combination of piperacillin/tazobactam, although resistance has been described."}, "36981": {"category_aro_name": "ampicillin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36981", "category_aro_accession": "3000637", "category_aro_class_name": "Antibiotic", "category_aro_description": "Ampicillin is a penicillin derivative that is highly acid stable, with its activity similar to benzylpenicillin."}, "35923": {"category_aro_name": "monobactam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35923", "category_aro_accession": "0000004", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Monobactams are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Unlike penams and cephems, monobactams do not have any ring fused to its four-member lactam structure. Monobactam antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}}, "ARO_name": "TEM-36", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "37286", "model_name": "TEM-36", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "3982": {"model_id": "3982", "ARO_accession": "3000907", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "500", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "TEM-37 is an inhibitor-resistant beta-lactamase that has been found in clinical isolates.", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6346": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGAGTATTCAACATTTTCGTGTCGCCCTTATTCCCTTTTTTGCGGCATTTTGCCTTCCTGTTTTTGCTCACCCAGAAACGCTGGTGAAAGTAAAAGATGCTGAAGATCAGTTGGGTGCACGAGTGGGTTACATCGAACTGGATCTCAACAGCGGTAAGATCCTTGAGAGTTTTCGCCCCGAAGAACGTTTTCCAATGATCAGCACTTTTAAAGTTCTGCTATGTGGTGCGGTATTATCCCGTGTTGACGCCGGGCAAGAGCAACTCGGTCGCCGCATACACTATTCTCAGAATGACTTGGTTGAGTACTCACCAGTCACAGAAAAGCATCTTACGGATGGCATGACAGTAAGAGAATTATGCAGTGCTGCCATAACCATGAGTGATAACACTGCTGCCAACTTACTTCTGACAACGATCGGAGGACCGAAGGAGCTAACCGCTTTTTTGCACAACATGGGGGATCATGTAACTCGCCTTGATCGTTGGGAACCGGAGCTGAATGAAGCCATACCAAACGACGAGCGTGACACCACGATGCCTGCAGCAATGGCAACAACGTTGCGCAAACTATTAACTGGCGAACTACTTACTCTAGCTTCCCGGCAACAATTAATAGACTGGATGGAGGCGGATAAAGTTGCAGGACCACTTCTGCGCTCGGCCCTTCCGGCTGGCTGGTTTATTGCTGATAAATCTGGAGCCGGTGAGCGTGGGTCTCGCGGTATCATTGCAGCACTGGGGCCAGATGGTAAGCCCTCCCGTATCGTAGTTATCTACACGACGGGGAGTCAGGCAACTATGGATGAACGAGATAGACAGATCGCTGAGATAGGTGCCTCACTGATTAAGCATTGGTAA", "fmax": "961", "accession": "NG_068214.1", "fmin": "100", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Escherichia coli", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "562", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "35914"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_159373457.1", "sequence": "MSIQHFRVALIPFFAAFCLPVFAHPETLVKVKDAEDQLGARVGYIELDLNSGKILESFRPEERFPMISTFKVLLCGAVLSRVDAGQEQLGRRIHYSQNDLVEYSPVTEKHLTDGMTVRELCSAAITMSDNTAANLLLTTIGGPKELTAFLHNMGDHVTRLDRWEPELNEAIPNDERDTTMPAAMATTLRKLLTGELLTLASRQQLIDWMEADKVAGPLLRSALPAGWFIADKSGAGERGSRGIIAALGPDGKPSRIVVIYTTGSQATMDERDRQIAEIGASLIKHW"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "40360": {"category_aro_name": "penem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "40360", "category_aro_accession": "3003706", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penems are a class of unsaturated beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. All penems are all synthetically made and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. They are structurally similar to carbapenems, however, where carbapenems have a carbon, penems have a sulfur."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36023": {"category_aro_name": "TEM beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36023", "category_aro_accession": "3000014", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "TEM-1 is the most commonly-encountered beta-lactamase in gram-negative bacteria. Up to 90% of ampicillin resistance in E. coli is due to the production of TEM-1. Also responsible for the ampicillin and penicillin resistance that is seen in H. influenzae and N. gonorrhoeae in increasing numbers. Although TEM-type beta-lactamases are most often found in E. coli and K. pneumoniae, they are also found in other species of gram-negative bacteria with increasing frequency. The amino acid substitutions responsible for the ESBL phenotype cluster around the active site of the enzyme and change its configuration, allowing access to oxyimino-beta-lactam substrates. Opening the active site to beta-lactam substrates also typically enhances the susceptibility of the enzyme to b-lactamase inhibitors, such as clavulanic acid.  Although the inhibitor-resistant beta-lactamases are not ESBLs, they are often discussed with ESBLs because they are also derivatives of the classical TEM- or SHV-type enzymes. These enzymes were at first given the designation IRT for inhibitor-resistant TEM beta-lactamase; however, all have subsequently been renamed with numerical TEM designations. There are at least 19 distinct inhibitor-resistant TEM beta-lactamases. Inhibitor-resistant TEM beta-lactamases have been found mainly in clinical isolates of E. coli, but also some strains of K. pneumoniae, Klebsiella oxytoca, P. mirabilis, and Citrobacter freundii. Although the inhibitor-resistant TEM variants are resistant to inhibition by clavulanic acid and sulbactam, thereby showing clinical resistance to the beta-lactam-lactamase inhibitor combinations of amoxicillin-clavulanate (Co-amoxiclav), ticarcillin-clavulanate, and ampicillin/sulbactam, they normally remain susceptible to inhibition by tazobactam and subsequently the combination of piperacillin/tazobactam, although resistance has been described."}, "36981": {"category_aro_name": "ampicillin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36981", "category_aro_accession": "3000637", "category_aro_class_name": "Antibiotic", "category_aro_description": "Ampicillin is a penicillin derivative that is highly acid stable, with its activity similar to benzylpenicillin."}, "35923": {"category_aro_name": "monobactam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35923", "category_aro_accession": "0000004", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Monobactams are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Unlike penams and cephems, monobactams do not have any ring fused to its four-member lactam structure. Monobactam antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}}, "ARO_name": "TEM-37", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "37287", "model_name": "TEM-37", "model_type_id": "40292"}, "3983": {"model_id": "3983", "ARO_accession": "3000909", "model_param": {"blastp_bit_score": {"param_value": "500", "param_type_id": "40725", "param_type": "BLASTP bit-score", "param_description": "A score is a numerical value that describes the overall quality of an alignment with higher numbers correspond to higher similarity. The bit-score (S) is determined by the following formula: S = (\u03bb \u00d7 S \u2212 lnK)/ ln2 where \u03bb is the Gumble distribution constant, S is the raw alignment score, and K is a constant associated with the scoring matrix. Many AMR detection models use this parameter, including the protein homolog and protein variant models. The BLASTP bit-score parameter is a curated value determined from BLASTP analysis of the canonical reference sequence of a specific AMR-associated protein against the database of CARD reference sequence. This value establishes a threshold for computational prediction of a specific protein amongst a batch of submitted sequences."}}, "ARO_description": "TEM-39 is an inhibitor-resistant beta-lactamase that has been found in clinical isolates.", "model_sequences": {"sequence": {"6347": {"dna_sequence": {"partial": "0", "sequence": "ATGAGTATTCAACATTTCCGTGTCGCCCTTATTCCCTTTTTTGCGGCATTTTGCCTTCCTGTTTTTGCTCACCCAGAAACGCTGGTGAAAGTAAAAGATGCTGAAGATCAGTTGGGTGCACGAGTGGGTTACATCGAGCTGGATCTCAACAGCGGTAAGATCCTTGAGAGTTTTCGCCCCGAAGAACGTTTTCCAATGCTGAGCACTTTTAAAGTTCTGCTATGTGGTGCGGTATTATCCCGTGTTGACGCCGGGCAAGAGCAACTCGGTCGCCGCATACACTATTCTCAGAATGACTTGGTTGAGTACTCACCAGTCACAGAAAAGCATCTTACGGATGGCATGACAGTAAGAGAATTATGCAGTGCTGCCATAACCATGAGTGATAACACTGCGGCCAACTTACTTCTGACAACGATCGGAGGACCGAAGGAGCTAACCGCTTTTTTGCACAACATGGGGGATCATGTAACCCGCCTTGATCGTCGGGAACCGGAGCTGAATGAAGCCATACCAAACGACGAGCGTGACACCACGATGCCTGCAGCAATGGCAACAACGTTGCGCAAACTATTAACTGGCGAACTACTTACTCTAGCTTCCCGGCAACAATTAATAGACTGGATGGAGGCGGATAAAGTTGCAGGACCACTTCTGCGCTCGGCCCTTCCGGCTGGCTGGTTTATTGCTGATAAATCTGGAGCCGGTGAGCGTGGATCTCGCGGTATCATTGCAGCACTGGGGCCAGATGGTAAGCCCTCCCGTATCGTAGTTATCTACACGACGGGGAGTCAGGCAACTATGGATGAACGAGATAGACAGATCGCTGAGATAGGTGCCTCACTGATTAAGCATTGGTAA", "fmax": "861", "accession": "NG_065940.1", "fmin": "0", "strand": "+"}, "NCBI_taxonomy": {"NCBI_taxonomy_name": "Escherichia coli", "NCBI_taxonomy_id": "562", "NCBI_taxonomy_cvterm_id": "35914"}, "protein_sequence": {"accession": "WP_148044474.1", "sequence": "MSIQHFRVALIPFFAAFCLPVFAHPETLVKVKDAEDQLGARVGYIELDLNSGKILESFRPEERFPMLSTFKVLLCGAVLSRVDAGQEQLGRRIHYSQNDLVEYSPVTEKHLTDGMTVRELCSAAITMSDNTAANLLLTTIGGPKELTAFLHNMGDHVTRLDRREPELNEAIPNDERDTTMPAAMATTLRKLLTGELLTLASRQQLIDWMEADKVAGPLLRSALPAGWFIADKSGAGERGSRGIIAALGPDGKPSRIVVIYTTGSQATMDERDRQIAEIGASLIKHW"}}}}, "ARO_category": {"36017": {"category_aro_name": "penam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36017", "category_aro_accession": "3000008", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penams, often referred to as penicillins, are a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as syphilis and Staphylococcus infections. Penicillins are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria are now resistant. All penicillins are beta-lactam antibiotics in the penam sub-group, and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms."}, "36000": {"category_aro_name": "antibiotic inactivation", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36000", "category_aro_accession": "0001004", "category_aro_class_name": "Resistance Mechanism", "category_aro_description": "Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic to confer drug resistance."}, "40360": {"category_aro_name": "penem", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "40360", "category_aro_accession": "3003706", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Penems are a class of unsaturated beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. All penems are all synthetically made and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. They are structurally similar to carbapenems, however, where carbapenems have a carbon, penems have a sulfur."}, "35951": {"category_aro_name": "cephalosporin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35951", "category_aro_accession": "0000032", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, containing the beta-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothiazolidine ring. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems. Cephalosporin are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}, "36023": {"category_aro_name": "TEM beta-lactamase", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36023", "category_aro_accession": "3000014", "category_aro_class_name": "AMR Gene Family", "category_aro_description": "TEM-1 is the most commonly-encountered beta-lactamase in gram-negative bacteria. Up to 90% of ampicillin resistance in E. coli is due to the production of TEM-1. Also responsible for the ampicillin and penicillin resistance that is seen in H. influenzae and N. gonorrhoeae in increasing numbers. Although TEM-type beta-lactamases are most often found in E. coli and K. pneumoniae, they are also found in other species of gram-negative bacteria with increasing frequency. The amino acid substitutions responsible for the ESBL phenotype cluster around the active site of the enzyme and change its configuration, allowing access to oxyimino-beta-lactam substrates. Opening the active site to beta-lactam substrates also typically enhances the susceptibility of the enzyme to b-lactamase inhibitors, such as clavulanic acid.  Although the inhibitor-resistant beta-lactamases are not ESBLs, they are often discussed with ESBLs because they are also derivatives of the classical TEM- or SHV-type enzymes. These enzymes were at first given the designation IRT for inhibitor-resistant TEM beta-lactamase; however, all have subsequently been renamed with numerical TEM designations. There are at least 19 distinct inhibitor-resistant TEM beta-lactamases. Inhibitor-resistant TEM beta-lactamases have been found mainly in clinical isolates of E. coli, but also some strains of K. pneumoniae, Klebsiella oxytoca, P. mirabilis, and Citrobacter freundii. Although the inhibitor-resistant TEM variants are resistant to inhibition by clavulanic acid and sulbactam, thereby showing clinical resistance to the beta-lactam-lactamase inhibitor combinations of amoxicillin-clavulanate (Co-amoxiclav), ticarcillin-clavulanate, and ampicillin/sulbactam, they normally remain susceptible to inhibition by tazobactam and subsequently the combination of piperacillin/tazobactam, although resistance has been described."}, "36981": {"category_aro_name": "ampicillin", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "36981", "category_aro_accession": "3000637", "category_aro_class_name": "Antibiotic", "category_aro_description": "Ampicillin is a penicillin derivative that is highly acid stable, with its activity similar to benzylpenicillin."}, "35923": {"category_aro_name": "monobactam", "category_aro_cvterm_id": "35923", "category_aro_accession": "0000004", "category_aro_class_name": "Drug Class", "category_aro_description": "Monobactams are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, and have a structure which renders them highly resistant to beta-lactamases. Unlike penams and cephems, monobactams do not have any ring fused to its four-member lactam structure. Monobactam antibiotics are bactericidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, especially in Gram-positive organisms."}}, "ARO_name": "TEM-39", "model_type": "protein homolog model", "model_description": "The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.", "ARO_id": "37289", "model_name": "TEM-39", "model_type_id": "40292"}}}