| Accession | ARO:3002986 |
| CARD Short Name | bacA |
| Definition | The bacA gene product (BacA) recycles undecaprenyl pyrophosphate during cell wall biosynthesis which confers resistance to bacitracin. |
| AMR Gene Family | undecaprenyl pyrophosphate related proteins |
| Drug Class | peptide antibiotic |
| Resistance Mechanism | antibiotic target alteration |
| Resistomes with Perfect Matches | Escherichia colig+p+wgs, Shigella boydiig+wgs, Shigella dysenteriaewgs, Shigella flexnerig+wgs, Shigella sonneiwgs |
| Resistomes with Sequence Variants | Citrobacter amalonaticusg+wgs, Enterobacter cloacaewgs, Escherichia albertiig+wgs, Escherichia colig+p+wgs, Escherichia fergusoniig+wgs, Escherichia marmotaeg+wgs, Salmonella bongorig+wgs, Salmonella entericag+p+wgs, Shigella boydiig+wgs, Shigella dysenteriaeg+wgs, Shigella flexnerig+wgs, Shigella sonneig+wgs |
| Classification | 10 ontology terms | Show + process or component of antibiotic biology or chemistry + mechanism of antibiotic resistance + antibiotic molecule + antibiotic target alteration [Resistance Mechanism] + antibiotic mixture + restructuring of bacterial cell wall conferring antibiotic resistance + peptide antibiotic [Drug Class] + determinant of antibiotic resistance + protein(s) conferring antibiotic resistance via molecular bypass + bacitracin [Antibiotic] |
| Parent Term(s) | 4 ontology terms | Show + confers_resistance_to_antibiotic bacitracin A [Antibiotic] + confers_resistance_to_antibiotic bacitracin B [Antibiotic] + confers_resistance_to_antibiotic bacitracin F [Antibiotic] + undecaprenyl pyrophosphate related proteins [AMR Gene Family] |
| Publications | Shaaly A, et al. 2013. J Antimicrob Chemother 68(7): 1583-1593. Undecaprenyl pyrophosphate phosphatase confers low-level resistance to bacitracin in Enterococcus faecalis. (PMID 23460607) |
Prevalence of bacA among the sequenced genomes, plasmids, and whole-genome shotgun assemblies available at NCBI or IslandViewer for 413 important pathogens (see methodological details and complete list of analyzed pathogens). Values reflect percentage of genomes, plasmids, genome islands, or whole-genome shotgun assemblies that have at least one hit to the AMR detection model. Default view includes percentages calculated based on Perfect plus Strict RGI hits. Select the checkbox to view percentages based on only Perfect matches to AMR reference sequences curated in CARD (note: this excludes resistance via mutation as references in protein variant models are often wild-type, sensitive sequences).
| Species | NCBI Chromosome | NCBI Plasmid | NCBI WGS | NCBI GI |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Citrobacter amalonaticus | 100% | 0% | 87.27% | 0% |
| Enterobacter cloacae | 0% | 0% | 0.32% | 0% |
| Escherichia albertii | 100% | 0% | 61.94% | 0% |
| Escherichia coli | 67.89% | 0.02% | 61.8% | 0% |
| Escherichia fergusonii | 100% | 0% | 51.09% | 0% |
| Escherichia marmotae | 100% | 0% | 70.83% | 0% |
| Salmonella bongori | 83.33% | 0% | 94.74% | 0% |
| Salmonella enterica | 95.71% | 0.05% | 81.09% | 0% |
| Shigella boydii | 100% | 0% | 98.89% | 0% |
| Shigella dysenteriae | 92.86% | 0% | 100% | 0% |
| Shigella flexneri | 99% | 0% | 82.14% | 0% |
| Shigella sonnei | 100% | 0% | 95.76% | 0% |
Model Type: protein homolog model
Model Definition: Protein Homolog Models (PHM) detect protein sequences based on their similarity to a curated reference sequence, using curated BLASTP bitscore cut-offs. Protein Homolog Models apply to all genes that confer resistance through their presence in an organism, such as the presence of a beta-lactamase gene on a plasmid. PHMs include a reference sequence and a bitscore cut-off for detection using BLASTP. A Perfect RGI match is 100% identical to the reference protein sequence along its entire length, a Strict RGI match is not identical but the bit-score of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bit-score cutoff, Loose RGI matches have a bit-score less than the curated BLASTP bit-score cut-off.
Bit-score Cut-off (blastP): 500