| Accession | ARO:3003801 |
| CARD Short Name | bcr-1 |
| Definition | Transmembrane protein which expels bicyclomycin from the cell, leading to bicyclomycin resistance. Identified in Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains responsible for outbreaks in Brazil, often appearing with blaSPM-1, another bicyclomycin resistance gene. |
| AMR Gene Family | major facilitator superfamily (MFS) antibiotic efflux pump |
| Drug Class | bicyclomycin-like antibiotic |
| Resistance Mechanism | antibiotic efflux |
| Efflux Component | efflux pump complex or subunit conferring antibiotic resistance |
| Resistomes with Perfect Matches | Pseudomonas aeruginosag+p+wgs, Pseudomonas fluorescensg |
| Resistomes with Sequence Variants | Pseudomonas aeruginosag+p+wgs, Pseudomonas fluorescensg |
| Classification | 7 ontology terms | Show + process or component of antibiotic biology or chemistry + mechanism of antibiotic resistance + antibiotic molecule + determinant of antibiotic resistance + antibiotic efflux [Resistance Mechanism] + efflux pump complex or subunit conferring antibiotic resistance [Efflux Component] + bicyclomycin-like antibiotic [Drug Class] |
| Parent Term(s) | 2 ontology terms | Show + confers_resistance_to_antibiotic bicyclomycin [Antibiotic] + major facilitator superfamily (MFS) antibiotic efflux pump [AMR Gene Family] |
| Publications | Fonseca EL, et al. 2015. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 70(9):2547-50 Full characterization of the integrative and conjugative element carrying the metallo-β-lactamase bla SPM-1 and bicyclomycin bcr1 resistance genes found in the pandemic Pseudomonas aeruginosa clone SP/ST277. (PMID 26093374) Malik M, et al. 2014. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 69(12):3227-35 Lethal synergy involving bicyclomycin: an approach for reviving old antibiotics. (PMID 25085655) |
Prevalence of bcr-1 among the sequenced genomes, plasmids, and whole-genome shotgun assemblies available at NCBI or IslandViewer for 413 important pathogens (see methodological details and complete list of analyzed pathogens). Values reflect percentage of genomes, plasmids, genome islands, or whole-genome shotgun assemblies that have at least one hit to the AMR detection model. Default view includes percentages calculated based on Perfect plus Strict RGI hits. Select the checkbox to view percentages based on only Perfect matches to AMR reference sequences curated in CARD (note: this excludes resistance via mutation as references in protein variant models are often wild-type, sensitive sequences).
| Species | NCBI Chromosome | NCBI Plasmid | NCBI WGS | NCBI GI |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pseudomonas aeruginosa | 98.16% | 0.29% | 66.85% | 0% |
| Pseudomonas fluorescens | 2.78% | 0% | 0% | 0% |
Model Type: protein homolog model
Model Definition: Protein Homolog Models (PHM) detect protein sequences based on their similarity to a curated reference sequence, using curated BLASTP bitscore cut-offs. Protein Homolog Models apply to all genes that confer resistance through their presence in an organism, such as the presence of a beta-lactamase gene on a plasmid. PHMs include a reference sequence and a bitscore cut-off for detection using BLASTP. A Perfect RGI match is 100% identical to the reference protein sequence along its entire length, a Strict RGI match is not identical but the bit-score of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bit-score cutoff, Loose RGI matches have a bit-score less than the curated BLASTP bit-score cut-off.
Bit-score Cut-off (blastP): 500