| Ontology | CARD's Antibiotic Resistance Ontology |
| Accession | ARO:3009237 |
| Definition | The Hmg pathway is a primarily metabolic pathway that contributes to various functions inclusive of steroid synthesis. In fungi, the synthesis of a steroid precursor is vital to the eventual formation of ergosterol which is an integral part of the fungal cell membrane. Mutations in the Hmg gene have shown conferred resistance in certain fungi against azole drugs. |
| AMR Gene Family | antifungal resistant HMG-CoA reductase |
| Drug Class | azole antibiotic, triazole antifungal |
| Resistance Mechanism | antibiotic target alteration |
| Classification | 12 ontology terms | Show + process or component of antibiotic biology or chemistry + mechanism of antibiotic resistance + antibiotic molecule + antibiotic target alteration [Resistance Mechanism] + azole antibiotic [Drug Class] + mutation conferring antibiotic resistance + determinant of antibiotic resistance + triazole antifungal [Drug Class] + antibiotic target + antibiotic resistance gene variant or mutant + fungal ergosterol synthesis pathway enzyme + antifungal resistant HMG-CoA reductase [AMR Gene Family] |
| Parent Term(s) | 3 ontology terms | Show + confers_resistance_to_antibiotic isavuconazole [Antibiotic] + derives_from antifungal susceptible HMG-CoA reductase + azole resistant HMG-CoA reductase |
| Publications | Rybak JM, et al. 2019. mBio 10(2): Mutations in hmg1, Challenging the Paradigm of Clinical Triazole Resistance in Aspergillus fumigatus. (PMID 30940706) Liang T, et al. 2021. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 65(7):e0026321 Emergence of W272C Substitution in Hmg1 in a Triazole-Resistant Isolate of Aspergillus fumigatus from a Chinese Patient with Chronic Cavitary Pulmonary Aspergillosis. (PMID 33941517) Souza ACO, et al. 2023. Microbiol Spectr 11(3):e0518822 hapE and hmg1 Mutations Are Drivers of cyp51A-Independent Pan-Triazole Resistance in an Aspergillus fumigatus Clinical Isolate. (PMID 37140376) Gonzalez-Jimenez I, et al. 2021. Molecules 26(19): Are Point Mutations in HMG-CoA Reductases (Hmg1 and Hmg2) a Step towards Azole Resistance in Aspergillus fumigatus?. (PMID 34641518) Rybak JM, et al. 2024. Nat Commun 15(1):3642 A secondary mechanism of action for triazole antifungals in Aspergillus fumigatus mediated by hmg1. (PMID 38684680) |
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