| Accession | ARO:3003046 |
| CARD Short Name | qacA |
| Definition | qacA is a subunit of the qac multidrug efflux pump. |
| AMR Gene Family | major facilitator superfamily (MFS) antibiotic efflux pump |
| Drug Class | fluoroquinolone antibiotic |
| Resistance Mechanism | antibiotic efflux |
| Efflux Component | efflux pump complex or subunit conferring antibiotic resistance |
| Resistomes with Perfect Matches | Staphylococcus epidermidiswgs, Staphylococcus haemolyticuswgs, Staphylococcus warneriwgs |
| Resistomes with Sequence Variants | Bacillus anthraciswgs, Bacillus velezensiswgs, Enterococcus faecaliswgs, Enterococcus faeciumwgs, Escherichia coliwgs, Listeria monocytogeneswgs, Providencia alcalifacienswgs, Salmonella entericawgs, Serratia marcescenswgs, Staphylococcus aureusg+p+wgs, Staphylococcus capitisg+p+wgs, Staphylococcus epidermidisg+p+wgs, Staphylococcus haemolyticusg+p+wgs, Staphylococcus hominisp+wgs, Staphylococcus lugdunensiswgs, Staphylococcus massiliensiswgs, Staphylococcus saprophyticuswgs, Staphylococcus warneriwgs, Stenotrophomonas maltophiliawgs, Streptococcus agalactiaewgs, Streptococcus equiwgs, Streptococcus mitiswgs, Streptococcus pneumoniaewgs |
| Classification | 6 ontology terms | Show + process or component of antibiotic biology or chemistry + mechanism of antibiotic resistance + determinant of antibiotic resistance + antibiotic efflux [Resistance Mechanism] + antibiotic molecule + efflux pump complex or subunit conferring antibiotic resistance [Efflux Component] |
| Parent Term(s) | 2 ontology terms | Show + major facilitator superfamily (MFS) antibiotic efflux pump [AMR Gene Family] + confers_resistance_to_drug_class fluoroquinolone antibiotic [Drug Class] |
| Publications | Alam MM, et al. 2003. Microb Drug Resist 9(2): 109-121. Analysis on distribution and genomic diversity of high-level antiseptic resistance genes qacA and qacB in human clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus. (PMID 12820795) |
Prevalence of qacA among the sequenced genomes, plasmids, and whole-genome shotgun assemblies available at NCBI or IslandViewer for 377 important pathogens (see methodological details and complete list of analyzed pathogens). Values reflect percentage of genomes, plasmids, genome islands, or whole-genome shotgun assemblies that have at least one hit to the AMR detection model. Default view includes percentages calculated based on Perfect plus Strict RGI hits. Select the checkbox to view percentages based on only Perfect matches to AMR reference sequences curated in CARD (note: this excludes resistance via mutation as references in protein variant models are often wild-type, sensitive sequences).
| Species | NCBI Chromosome | NCBI Plasmid | NCBI WGS | NCBI GI |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bacillus anthracis | 0% | 0% | 0.45% | 0% |
| Bacillus velezensis | 0% | 0% | 0.46% | 0% |
| Enterococcus faecalis | 0% | 0% | 0.05% | 0% |
| Enterococcus faecium | 0% | 0% | 0.04% | 0% |
| Escherichia coli | 0% | 0% | 0.01% | 0% |
| Listeria monocytogenes | 0% | 0% | 0.05% | 0% |
| Providencia alcalifaciens | 0% | 0% | 3.7% | 0% |
| Salmonella enterica | 0% | 0% | 0.02% | 0% |
| Serratia marcescens | 0% | 0% | 0.14% | 0% |
| Staphylococcus aureus | 1.21% | 1.65% | 1.6% | 0% |
| Staphylococcus capitis | 14.29% | 9.09% | 11.11% | 0% |
| Staphylococcus epidermidis | 5.45% | 20.54% | 40.78% | 0% |
| Staphylococcus haemolyticus | 20.83% | 16.28% | 30.99% | 0% |
| Staphylococcus hominis | 0% | 13.04% | 35.9% | 0% |
| Staphylococcus lugdunensis | 0% | 0% | 1.85% | 0% |
| Staphylococcus massiliensis | 0% | 0% | 28.57% | 0% |
| Staphylococcus saprophyticus | 0% | 0% | 3.76% | 0% |
| Staphylococcus warneri | 0% | 0% | 12.28% | 0% |
| Stenotrophomonas maltophilia | 0% | 0% | 0.17% | 0% |
| Streptococcus agalactiae | 0% | 0% | 0.07% | 0% |
| Streptococcus equi | 0% | 0% | 0.23% | 0% |
| Streptococcus mitis | 0% | 0% | 0.65% | 0% |
| Streptococcus pneumoniae | 0% | 0% | 0.01% | 0% |
Model Type: protein homolog model
Model Definition: Protein Homolog Models (PHM) detect protein sequences based on their similarity to a curated reference sequence, using curated BLASTP bitscore cut-offs. Protein Homolog Models apply to all genes that confer resistance through their presence in an organism, such as the presence of a beta-lactamase gene on a plasmid. PHMs include a reference sequence and a bitscore cut-off for detection using BLASTP. A Perfect RGI match is 100% identical to the reference protein sequence along its entire length, a Strict RGI match is not identical but the bit-score of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bit-score cutoff, Loose RGI matches have a bit-score less than the curated BLASTP bit-score cut-off.
Bit-score Cut-off (blastP): 990