| Accession | ARO:3002660 |
| Synonym(s) | strB, orfI |
| CARD Short Name | APH(6)-Id |
| Definition | APH(6)-Id is an aminoglycoside phosphotransferase encoded by plasmids, integrative conjugative elements and chromosomal genomic islands in K. pneumoniae, Salmonella spp., E. coli, Shigella flexneri, Providencia alcalifaciens, Pseudomonas spp., V. cholerae, Edwardsiella tarda, Pasteurella multocida and Aeromonas bestiarum. |
| AMR Gene Family | APH(6) |
| Drug Class | aminoglycoside antibiotic |
| Resistance Mechanism | antibiotic inactivation |
| Resistomes with Sequence Variants | Achromobacter xylosoxidansg+wgs+gi, Acinetobacter baumanniig+p+wgs+gi, Acinetobacter defluviig+gi, Acinetobacter haemolyticusp+wgs+gi, Acinetobacter indicusg+p+wgs+gi, Acinetobacter johnsoniig+p+wgs+gi, Acinetobacter juniip+wgs, Acinetobacter lwoffiiwgs, Acinetobacter nosocomialisp+wgs, Acinetobacter pittiig+p+wgs, Acinetobacter radioresistenswgs, Acinetobacter townerig+p+wgs+gi, Acinetobacter wuhouensisp+wgs, Actinobacillus indolicusg+gi, Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniaeg, Aeromonas caviaeg+p+wgs+gi, Aeromonas hydrophilag+p+wgs, Aeromonas veroniig+p+wgs, Alcaligenes faecalisg+p+wgs+gi, Avibacterium paragallinarumg+wgs, Bacteroides thetaiotaomicronwgs, Bordetella bronchisepticawgs, Burkholderia ambifariawgs, Burkholderia cenocepaciag+wgs, Burkholderia cepaciawgs, Burkholderia multivoranswgs, Burkholderia vietnamiensiswgs, Citrobacter amalonaticusp+wgs, Citrobacter freundiip+wgs+gi, Citrobacter koserig+p+wgs, Citrobacter portucalensisg+p+wgs, Citrobacter werkmaniip+wgs, Citrobacter youngaep, Comamonas testosteronip, Corynebacterium amycolatumg+wgs, Corynebacterium diphtheriaeg+wgs, Corynebacterium imitansg+gi, Corynebacterium jeikeiumwgs, Corynebacterium urealyticumwgs+gi, Cronobacter dublinensiswgs, Cronobacter malonaticuswgs, Cronobacter sakazakiiwgs, Edwardsiella tardap, Enterobacter asburiaep+wgs, Enterobacter cancerogenusp, Enterobacter chengduensiswgs, Enterobacter cloacaeg+p+wgs, Enterobacter hormaecheig+p+wgs+gi, Enterobacter kobeip+wgs, Enterobacter roggenkampiip+wgs, Escherichia albertiig+p+wgs, Escherichia colig+p+wgs+gi, Escherichia fergusoniig+p+wgs, Escherichia marmotaep, Faecalibacterium prausnitziiwgs, Glaesserella parasuisg+wgs+gi, Haemophilus influenzaeg+wgs, Haemophilus parainfluenzaeg+wgs, Histophilus somnig+wgs+gi, Kingella kingaegi, Klebsiella aerogenesg+p+wgs+gi, Klebsiella huaxiensisg+gi, Klebsiella michiganensisg+p+wgs, Klebsiella oxytocap+wgs, Klebsiella pneumoniaeg+p+wgs+gi, Klebsiella quasipneumoniaep+wgs, Laribacter hongkongensiswgs, Leclercia adecarboxylatag+p+wgs, Legionella pneumophilawgs, Moraxella osloensisp, Morganella morganiig+p+wgs+gi, Neisseria siccawgs, Pasteurella multocidag+wgs+gi, Phocaeicola doreiwgs, Proteus columbaeg+gi, Proteus mirabilisg+p+wgs+gi, Proteus pennerig+wgs, Proteus vulgarisg+p+wgs, Providencia rettgerig+wgs+gi, Providencia stuartiip+wgs, Pseudomonas aeruginosag+p+wgs+gi, Pseudomonas fluorescenswgs, Pseudomonas mendocinawgs, Pseudomonas monteiliiwgs+gi, Pseudomonas putidag+p+wgs+gi, Pseudomonas stutzeriwgs, Pseudomonas syringaep+wgs+gi, Raoultella planticolap+wgs, Salmonella entericag+p+wgs+gi, Serratia liquefacienswgs, Serratia marcescensp+wgs, Shewanella putrefaciensg+gi, Shigella boydiip+wgs, Shigella dysenteriaewgs, Shigella flexnerig+p+wgs, Shigella sonneip+wgs, Staphylococcus aureuswgs, Stenotrophomonas maltophiliag+wgs, Trueperella pyogeneswgs, Vibrio alginolyticusg+wgs, Vibrio choleraeg+p+wgs+gi, Vibrio fluvialisg+wgs, Vibrio harveyiwgs, Vibrio owensiig+gi, Vibrio parahaemolyticusg+p+wgs, Vibrio vulnificuswgs, Xanthomonas campestrisgi, Xanthomonas oryzaegi, Yersinia enterocoliticawgs, Yersinia pseudotuberculosiswgs |
| Classification | 11 ontology terms | Show + process or component of antibiotic biology or chemistry + mechanism of antibiotic resistance + determinant of antibiotic resistance + antibiotic inactivation [Resistance Mechanism] + antibiotic inactivation enzyme + aminoglycoside modifying enzyme + phosphorylation of antibiotic conferring resistance + antibiotic molecule + aminoglycoside phosphotransferase (APH) + aminoglycoside antibiotic [Drug Class] + APH(6) [AMR Gene Family] |
| Parent Term(s) | 2 ontology terms | Show |
| Publications | Daly M, et al. 2005. J Antimicrob Chemother 55(4): 558-561. Comparison of multidrug resistance gene regions between two geographically unrelated Salmonella serotypes. (PMID 15722395) Gordon L, et al. 2008. J Antimicrob Chemother 62(1): 65-71. Complete sequence of the floR-carrying multiresistance plasmid pAB5S9 from freshwater Aeromonas bestiarum. (PMID 18413319) Scholz P, et al. 1989. Gene 75(2): 271-288. Complete nucleotide sequence and gene organization of the broad-host-range plasmid RSF1010. (PMID 2653965) Meyer R and Meyer R. 2009. Plasmid 62(2): 57-70. Replication and conjugative mobilization of broad host-range IncQ plasmids. (PMID 19465049) |
Prevalence of APH(6)-Id among the sequenced genomes, plasmids, and whole-genome shotgun assemblies available at NCBI or IslandViewer for 413 important pathogens (see methodological details and complete list of analyzed pathogens). Values reflect percentage of genomes, plasmids, genome islands, or whole-genome shotgun assemblies that have at least one hit to the AMR detection model. Default view includes percentages calculated based on Perfect plus Strict RGI hits. Select the checkbox to view percentages based on only Perfect matches to AMR reference sequences curated in CARD (note: this excludes resistance via mutation as references in protein variant models are often wild-type, sensitive sequences).
| Species | NCBI Chromosome | NCBI Plasmid | NCBI WGS | NCBI GI |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Achromobacter xylosoxidans | 8.7% | 0% | 1.53% | 28.57% |
| Acinetobacter baumannii | 47.08% | 3.01% | 38% | 32.7% |
| Acinetobacter defluvii | 100% | 0% | 0% | 50% |
| Acinetobacter haemolyticus | 0% | 2.44% | 2.33% | 11.11% |
| Acinetobacter indicus | 23.81% | 11.32% | 25.97% | 75% |
| Acinetobacter johnsonii | 5.26% | 4.17% | 16.36% | 33.33% |
| Acinetobacter junii | 0% | 33.33% | 1.49% | 0% |
| Acinetobacter lwoffii | 0% | 0% | 5.26% | 0% |
| Acinetobacter nosocomialis | 0% | 3.28% | 5.17% | 0% |
| Acinetobacter pittii | 2.7% | 3.94% | 6.25% | 0% |
| Acinetobacter radioresistens | 0% | 0% | 8.77% | 0% |
| Acinetobacter towneri | 12.5% | 18.75% | 19.23% | 100% |
| Acinetobacter wuhouensis | 0% | 9.09% | 50% | 0% |
| Actinobacillus indolicus | 100% | 0% | 0% | 100% |
| Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae | 11.11% | 0% | 0% | 0% |
| Aeromonas caviae | 4.55% | 3.9% | 7.53% | 33.33% |
| Aeromonas hydrophila | 6.15% | 5.19% | 4.03% | 0% |
| Aeromonas veronii | 1.82% | 1.54% | 1.12% | 0% |
| Alcaligenes faecalis | 10% | 20% | 2.94% | 33.33% |
| Avibacterium paragallinarum | 12.5% | 0% | 5.88% | 0% |
| Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron | 0% | 0% | 0.7% | 0% |
| Bordetella bronchiseptica | 0% | 0% | 1.37% | 0% |
| Burkholderia ambifaria | 0% | 0% | 1.3% | 0% |
| Burkholderia cenocepacia | 1.01% | 0% | 1.54% | 0% |
| Burkholderia cepacia | 0% | 0% | 6.73% | 0% |
| Burkholderia multivorans | 0% | 0% | 0.48% | 0% |
| Burkholderia vietnamiensis | 0% | 0% | 0.86% | 0% |
| Citrobacter amalonaticus | 0% | 8.33% | 7.27% | 0% |
| Citrobacter freundii | 0% | 6.77% | 14.89% | 27.27% |
| Citrobacter koseri | 6.25% | 15% | 8.11% | 0% |
| Citrobacter portucalensis | 11.11% | 25% | 18.02% | 0% |
| Citrobacter werkmanii | 0% | 10% | 23.08% | 0% |
| Citrobacter youngae | 0% | 9.09% | 0% | 0% |
| Comamonas testosteroni | 0% | 50% | 0% | 0% |
| Corynebacterium amycolatum | 57.14% | 0% | 25.93% | 0% |
| Corynebacterium diphtheriae | 1.85% | 0% | 2.51% | 0% |
| Corynebacterium imitans | 100% | 0% | 0% | 50% |
| Corynebacterium jeikeium | 0% | 0% | 15.79% | 0% |
| Corynebacterium urealyticum | 0% | 0% | 60% | 50% |
| Cronobacter dublinensis | 0% | 0% | 2.56% | 0% |
| Cronobacter malonaticus | 0% | 0% | 1.82% | 0% |
| Cronobacter sakazakii | 0% | 0% | 0.22% | 0% |
| Edwardsiella tarda | 0% | 10.53% | 0% | 0% |
| Enterobacter asburiae | 0% | 1.65% | 9.49% | 0% |
| Enterobacter cancerogenus | 0% | 25% | 0% | 0% |
| Enterobacter chengduensis | 0% | 0% | 20% | 0% |
| Enterobacter cloacae | 3.57% | 5.03% | 21.73% | 0% |
| Enterobacter hormaechei | 3.24% | 5.47% | 23.91% | 6.67% |
| Enterobacter kobei | 0% | 0.69% | 12.66% | 0% |
| Enterobacter roggenkampii | 0% | 4.35% | 6.12% | 0% |
| Escherichia albertii | 2.86% | 1.69% | 4.52% | 0% |
| Escherichia coli | 5.12% | 5.03% | 19.88% | 3.32% |
| Escherichia fergusonii | 8.2% | 6.41% | 25% | 0% |
| Escherichia marmotae | 0% | 6.25% | 0% | 0% |
| Faecalibacterium prausnitzii | 0% | 0% | 0.97% | 0% |
| Glaesserella parasuis | 34.62% | 0% | 11.28% | 100% |
| Haemophilus influenzae | 1.03% | 0% | 0.54% | 0% |
| Haemophilus parainfluenzae | 6.25% | 0% | 2.44% | 0% |
| Histophilus somni | 46.67% | 0% | 13.79% | 100% |
| Kingella kingae | 0% | 0% | 0% | 100% |
| Klebsiella aerogenes | 2% | 9.78% | 6.78% | 25% |
| Klebsiella huaxiensis | 100% | 0% | 0% | 50% |
| Klebsiella michiganensis | 4.84% | 12.57% | 10.9% | 0% |
| Klebsiella oxytoca | 0% | 8.9% | 5.88% | 0% |
| Klebsiella pneumoniae | 1.72% | 6.63% | 18.75% | 1.9% |
| Klebsiella quasipneumoniae | 0% | 4.45% | 19.61% | 0% |
| Laribacter hongkongensis | 0% | 0% | 4.17% | 0% |
| Leclercia adecarboxylata | 7.14% | 4.76% | 11.63% | 0% |
| Legionella pneumophila | 0% | 0% | 0.11% | 0% |
| Moraxella osloensis | 0% | 2.56% | 0% | 0% |
| Morganella morganii | 9.62% | 2.5% | 9.2% | 7.69% |
| Neisseria sicca | 0% | 0% | 7.69% | 0% |
| Pasteurella multocida | 12.86% | 0% | 14.61% | 66.67% |
| Phocaeicola dorei | 0% | 0% | 1.04% | 0% |
| Proteus columbae | 100% | 0% | 0% | 50% |
| Proteus mirabilis | 37.61% | 7.5% | 17.33% | 18.52% |
| Proteus penneri | 50% | 0% | 12.5% | 0% |
| Proteus vulgaris | 9.09% | 22.22% | 11.11% | 0% |
| Providencia rettgeri | 8.82% | 0% | 5.1% | 50% |
| Providencia stuartii | 0% | 2.27% | 6.82% | 0% |
| Pseudomonas aeruginosa | 5.06% | 3.51% | 3.82% | 5.56% |
| Pseudomonas fluorescens | 0% | 0% | 0.43% | 0% |
| Pseudomonas mendocina | 0% | 0% | 7.14% | 0% |
| Pseudomonas monteilii | 0% | 0% | 30.95% | 100% |
| Pseudomonas putida | 5.63% | 16% | 6.95% | 25% |
| Pseudomonas stutzeri | 0% | 0% | 2.29% | 0% |
| Pseudomonas syringae | 0% | 1.89% | 0.85% | 100% |
| Raoultella planticola | 0% | 9.3% | 20.51% | 0% |
| Salmonella enterica | 8.83% | 13.68% | 15.44% | 18.87% |
| Serratia liquefaciens | 0% | 0% | 4.76% | 0% |
| Serratia marcescens | 0% | 3.87% | 2.62% | 0% |
| Shewanella putrefaciens | 11.11% | 0% | 0% | 50% |
| Shigella boydii | 0% | 4.35% | 42.22% | 0% |
| Shigella dysenteriae | 0% | 0% | 40% | 0% |
| Shigella flexneri | 10% | 11.24% | 38.98% | 0% |
| Shigella sonnei | 0% | 7.77% | 43.68% | 0% |
| Staphylococcus aureus | 0% | 0% | 0.01% | 0% |
| Stenotrophomonas maltophilia | 3.37% | 0% | 1.04% | 0% |
| Trueperella pyogenes | 0% | 0% | 8.33% | 0% |
| Vibrio alginolyticus | 2.47% | 0% | 1.98% | 0% |
| Vibrio cholerae | 8.07% | 21.05% | 29.52% | 14.29% |
| Vibrio fluvialis | 2.63% | 0% | 2.67% | 0% |
| Vibrio harveyi | 0% | 0% | 2% | 0% |
| Vibrio owensii | 16.67% | 0% | 0% | 50% |
| Vibrio parahaemolyticus | 0.32% | 0.62% | 0.77% | 0% |
| Vibrio vulnificus | 0% | 0% | 0.82% | 0% |
| Xanthomonas campestris | 0% | 0% | 0% | 100% |
| Xanthomonas oryzae | 0% | 0% | 0% | 100% |
| Yersinia enterocolitica | 0% | 0% | 1.36% | 0% |
| Yersinia pseudotuberculosis | 0% | 0% | 2.94% | 0% |
Model Type: protein homolog model
Model Definition: Protein Homolog Models (PHM) detect protein sequences based on their similarity to a curated reference sequence, using curated BLASTP bitscore cut-offs. Protein Homolog Models apply to all genes that confer resistance through their presence in an organism, such as the presence of a beta-lactamase gene on a plasmid. PHMs include a reference sequence and a bitscore cut-off for detection using BLASTP. A Perfect RGI match is 100% identical to the reference protein sequence along its entire length, a Strict RGI match is not identical but the bit-score of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bit-score cutoff, Loose RGI matches have a bit-score less than the curated BLASTP bit-score cut-off.
Bit-score Cut-off (blastP): 500