| Accession | ARO:3000621 |
| CARD Short Name | PC1_blaZ |
| Definition | The blaZ beta-lactamase is found in Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus. |
| AMR Gene Family | BlaZ beta-lactamase |
| Drug Class | penam |
| Resistance Mechanism | antibiotic inactivation |
| Resistomes with Perfect Matches | Staphylococcus aureusp+wgs |
| Resistomes with Sequence Variants | Bacillus cereusg, Enterococcus faecaliswgs, Enterococcus faeciumwgs, Escherichia coliwgs, Listeria monocytogeneswgs, Providencia alcalifacienswgs, Pseudomonas aeruginosawgs, Staphylococcus aureusg+p+wgs+gi, Staphylococcus capitisg+p+wgs, Staphylococcus epidermidisg+p+wgs+gi, Staphylococcus equorump+wgs, Staphylococcus haemolyticusg+p+wgs+gi, Staphylococcus hominisg+p+wgs+gi, Staphylococcus lugdunensisg+p+wgs+gi, Staphylococcus massiliensiswgs, Staphylococcus pasteurig+p+wgs+gi, Staphylococcus pseudintermediusg+wgs+gi, Staphylococcus saprophyticusg+wgs, Staphylococcus schleiferig, Staphylococcus simulansg+p+wgs+gi, Staphylococcus warnerip+wgs, Streptococcus pneumoniaewgs |
| Classification | 14 ontology terms | Show + process or component of antibiotic biology or chemistry + mechanism of antibiotic resistance + determinant of antibiotic resistance + antibiotic inactivation [Resistance Mechanism] + antibiotic inactivation enzyme + hydrolysis of antibiotic conferring resistance + antibiotic molecule + hydrolysis of beta-lactam antibiotic by serine beta-lactamase + beta-lactam antibiotic + beta-lactamase + antibiotic resistance gene cluster, cassette, or operon + beta-lactam resistance operon + class A beta-lactamase + penam [Drug Class] |
| Parent Term(s) | 2 ontology terms | Show |
| Sub-Term(s) | 2 ontology terms | Show |
| Publications | McLaughlin JR, et al. 1981. J Biol Chem 256(21): 11283-11291. Unique features in the ribosome binding site sequence of the gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus beta-lactamase gene. (PMID 6793593) Highlander SK, et al. 2008. BMC Microbiol 7: 99. Subtle genetic changes enhance virulence of methicillin resistant and sensitive Staphylococcus aureus. (PMID 17986343) |
Prevalence of PC1 beta-lactamase (blaZ) among the sequenced genomes, plasmids, and whole-genome shotgun assemblies available at NCBI or IslandViewer for 413 important pathogens (see methodological details and complete list of analyzed pathogens). Values reflect percentage of genomes, plasmids, genome islands, or whole-genome shotgun assemblies that have at least one hit to the AMR detection model. Default view includes percentages calculated based on Perfect plus Strict RGI hits. Select the checkbox to view percentages based on only Perfect matches to AMR reference sequences curated in CARD (note: this excludes resistance via mutation as references in protein variant models are often wild-type, sensitive sequences).
| Species | NCBI Chromosome | NCBI Plasmid | NCBI WGS | NCBI GI |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bacillus cereus | 1.08% | 0% | 0% | 0% |
| Enterococcus faecalis | 0% | 0% | 0.33% | 0% |
| Enterococcus faecium | 0% | 0% | 0.03% | 0% |
| Escherichia coli | 0% | 0% | 0.01% | 0% |
| Listeria monocytogenes | 0% | 0% | 0.02% | 0% |
| Providencia alcalifaciens | 0% | 0% | 3.45% | 0% |
| Pseudomonas aeruginosa | 0% | 0% | 0.01% | 0% |
| Staphylococcus aureus | 29.67% | 16.03% | 43% | 27.22% |
| Staphylococcus capitis | 30% | 10.53% | 38.61% | 0% |
| Staphylococcus epidermidis | 81.94% | 7.78% | 59.08% | 45.71% |
| Staphylococcus equorum | 0% | 5.41% | 7.14% | 0% |
| Staphylococcus haemolyticus | 62.07% | 1.89% | 45.93% | 26.67% |
| Staphylococcus hominis | 62.5% | 2.08% | 45.37% | 100% |
| Staphylococcus lugdunensis | 47.22% | 3.57% | 12.31% | 100% |
| Staphylococcus massiliensis | 0% | 0% | 14.29% | 0% |
| Staphylococcus pasteuri | 37.5% | 5.88% | 26.92% | 100% |
| Staphylococcus pseudintermedius | 70% | 0% | 59.23% | 26.67% |
| Staphylococcus saprophyticus | 5.88% | 0% | 2.8% | 0% |
| Staphylococcus schleiferi | 9.09% | 0% | 0% | 0% |
| Staphylococcus simulans | 15% | 5.88% | 3.39% | 100% |
| Staphylococcus warneri | 0% | 15% | 34.43% | 0% |
| Streptococcus pneumoniae | 0% | 0% | 0.01% | 0% |
Model Type: protein homolog model
Model Definition: Protein Homolog Models (PHM) detect protein sequences based on their similarity to a curated reference sequence, using curated BLASTP bitscore cut-offs. Protein Homolog Models apply to all genes that confer resistance through their presence in an organism, such as the presence of a beta-lactamase gene on a plasmid. PHMs include a reference sequence and a bitscore cut-off for detection using BLASTP. A Perfect RGI match is 100% identical to the reference protein sequence along its entire length, a Strict RGI match is not identical but the bit-score of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bit-score cutoff, Loose RGI matches have a bit-score less than the curated BLASTP bit-score cut-off.
Bit-score Cut-off (blastP): 500
