| Accession | ARO:3002986 |
| CARD Short Name | bacA |
| Definition | The bacA gene product (BacA) recycles undecaprenyl pyrophosphate during cell wall biosynthesis which confers resistance to bacitracin. |
| AMR Gene Family | undecaprenyl pyrophosphate related proteins |
| Drug Class | peptide antibiotic |
| Resistance Mechanism | antibiotic target alteration |
| Resistomes with Perfect Matches | Escherichia colig+p+wgs, Shigella boydiig+wgs, Shigella dysenteriaewgs, Shigella flexnerig+wgs, Shigella sonneiwgs |
| Resistomes with Sequence Variants | Citrobacter amalonaticusg+wgs, Citrobacter werkmaniiwgs, Enterobacter asburiaeg+wgs, Enterobacter cloacaeg+wgs, Enterobacter hormaecheig+wgs, Enterobacter kobeiwgs, Enterobacter roggenkampiig+wgs, Enterococcus faeciumwgs, Escherichia albertiig+wgs, Escherichia colig+p+wgs, Escherichia fergusoniig+wgs, Escherichia marmotaeg+wgs, Klebsiella pneumoniaeg+wgs, Mycobacterium aviumwgs, Pseudomonas aeruginosawgs, Salmonella entericag+p+wgs, Shigella boydiig+wgs, Shigella dysenteriaeg+wgs, Shigella flexnerig+wgs, Shigella sonneig+wgs, Staphylococcus aureuswgs |
| Classification | 10 ontology terms | Show + process or component of antibiotic biology or chemistry + mechanism of antibiotic resistance + antibiotic molecule + antibiotic target alteration [Resistance Mechanism] + peptide antibiotic [Drug Class] + antibiotic mixture + determinant of antibiotic resistance + restructuring of bacterial cell wall conferring antibiotic resistance + protein(s) conferring antibiotic resistance via molecular bypass + bacitracin |
| Parent Term(s) | 4 ontology terms | Show + confers_resistance_to_antibiotic bacitracin A [Antibiotic] + confers_resistance_to_antibiotic bacitracin B [Antibiotic] + confers_resistance_to_antibiotic bacitracin F [Antibiotic] + undecaprenyl pyrophosphate related proteins [AMR Gene Family] |
| Publications | Shaaly A, et al. 2013. J Antimicrob Chemother 68(7): 1583-1593. Undecaprenyl pyrophosphate phosphatase confers low-level resistance to bacitracin in Enterococcus faecalis. (PMID 23460607) |
Prevalence of bacA among the sequenced genomes, plasmids, and whole-genome shotgun assemblies available at NCBI or IslandViewer for 263 important pathogens (see methodological details and complete list of analyzed pathogens). Values reflect percentage of genomes, plasmids, genome islands, or whole-genome shotgun assemblies that have at least one hit to the AMR detection model. Default view includes percentages calculated based on Perfect plus Strict RGI hits. Select the checkbox to view percentages based on only Perfect matches to AMR reference sequences curated in CARD (note: this excludes resistance via mutation as references in protein variant models are often wild-type, sensitive sequences).
| Species | NCBI Chromosome | NCBI Plasmid | NCBI WGS | NCBI GI |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Citrobacter amalonaticus | 100% | 0% | 85.42% | 0% |
| Citrobacter werkmanii | 0% | 0% | 4.76% | 0% |
| Enterobacter asburiae | 4.76% | 0% | 0.69% | 0% |
| Enterobacter cloacae | 56.82% | 0% | 53.64% | 0% |
| Enterobacter hormaechei | 93.45% | 0% | 78.88% | 0% |
| Enterobacter kobei | 0% | 0% | 0.82% | 0% |
| Enterobacter roggenkampii | 23.08% | 0% | 11.52% | 0% |
| Enterococcus faecium | 0% | 0% | 0.13% | 0% |
| Escherichia albertii | 100% | 0% | 97.7% | 0% |
| Escherichia coli | 61.58% | 0.03% | 74.72% | 0% |
| Escherichia fergusonii | 100% | 0% | 44.62% | 0% |
| Escherichia marmotae | 100% | 0% | 69.05% | 0% |
| Klebsiella pneumoniae | 0.09% | 0% | 0.11% | 0% |
| Mycobacterium avium | 0% | 0% | 0.48% | 0% |
| Pseudomonas aeruginosa | 0% | 0% | 0.02% | 0% |
| Salmonella enterica | 94.68% | 0.07% | 89.3% | 0% |
| Shigella boydii | 100% | 0% | 95.7% | 0% |
| Shigella dysenteriae | 90.91% | 0% | 100% | 0% |
| Shigella flexneri | 100% | 0% | 83.5% | 0% |
| Shigella sonnei | 100% | 0% | 95.71% | 0% |
| Staphylococcus aureus | 0% | 0% | 0.01% | 0% |
Model Type: protein homolog model
Model Definition: The protein homolog model is an AMR detection model. Protein homolog models detect a protein sequence based on its similarity to a curated reference sequence. A protein homolog model has only one parameter: a curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff for determining the strength of a match. Protein homolog model matches to reference sequences are categorized on three criteria: perfect, strict and loose. A perfect match is 100% identical to the reference sequence along its entire length; a strict match is not identical but the bitscore of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bitscore cutoff. Loose matches are other sequences with a match bitscore less than the curated BLASTP bitscore.
Bit-score Cut-off (blastP): 500