| Accession | ARO:3002364 |
| CARD Short Name | PER-2 |
| Definition | PER-2 is a beta-lactamase found in Salmonella typhimurium. |
| AMR Gene Family | PER beta-lactamase |
| Drug Class | penem, penam, cephalosporin, carbapenem, monobactam |
| Resistance Mechanism | antibiotic inactivation |
| Resistomes with Perfect Matches | Acinetobacter johnsoniiwgs, Acinetobacter radioresistenswgs, Citrobacter freundiiwgs, Escherichia colip+wgs |
| Resistomes with Sequence Variants | Acinetobacter johnsoniiwgs, Acinetobacter radioresistenswgs, Citrobacter freundiiwgs, Escherichia colip+wgs |
| Classification | 17 ontology terms | Show + process or component of antibiotic biology or chemistry + mechanism of antibiotic resistance + determinant of antibiotic resistance + antibiotic molecule + antibiotic inactivation [Resistance Mechanism] + antibiotic inactivation enzyme + hydrolysis of antibiotic conferring resistance + beta-lactam antibiotic + cephem + hydrolysis of beta-lactam antibiotic by serine beta-lactamase + beta-lactamase + penem [Drug Class] + class A beta-lactamase + penam [Drug Class] + cephalosporin [Drug Class] + carbapenem [Drug Class] + monobactam [Drug Class] |
| Parent Term(s) | 1 ontology terms | Show + PER beta-lactamase [AMR Gene Family] |
| Publications | Bauernfeind A, et al. 1996. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 40(3): 616-620. Characterization of beta-lactamase gene blaPER-2, which encodes an extended-spectrum class A beta-lactamase. (PMID 8851581) |
Prevalence of PER-2 among the sequenced genomes, plasmids, and whole-genome shotgun assemblies available at NCBI or IslandViewer for 413 important pathogens (see methodological details and complete list of analyzed pathogens). Values reflect percentage of genomes, plasmids, genome islands, or whole-genome shotgun assemblies that have at least one hit to the AMR detection model. Default view includes percentages calculated based on Perfect plus Strict RGI hits. Select the checkbox to view percentages based on only Perfect matches to AMR reference sequences curated in CARD (note: this excludes resistance via mutation as references in protein variant models are often wild-type, sensitive sequences).
| Species | NCBI Chromosome | NCBI Plasmid | NCBI WGS | NCBI GI |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Acinetobacter johnsonii | 0% | 0% | 1.82% | 0% |
| Acinetobacter radioresistens | 0% | 0% | 3.51% | 0% |
| Citrobacter freundii | 0% | 0% | 0.19% | 0% |
| Escherichia coli | 0% | 0.01% | 0.01% | 0% |
Model Type: protein homolog model
Model Definition: Protein Homolog Models (PHM) detect protein sequences based on their similarity to a curated reference sequence, using curated BLASTP bitscore cut-offs. Protein Homolog Models apply to all genes that confer resistance through their presence in an organism, such as the presence of a beta-lactamase gene on a plasmid. PHMs include a reference sequence and a bitscore cut-off for detection using BLASTP. A Perfect RGI match is 100% identical to the reference protein sequence along its entire length, a Strict RGI match is not identical but the bit-score of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bit-score cutoff, Loose RGI matches have a bit-score less than the curated BLASTP bit-score cut-off.
Bit-score Cut-off (blastP): 500