| Accession | ARO:3007010 |
| CARD Short Name | norC |
| Definition | NorC is a multidrug efflux pump in Staphylococcus aureus that confers resistance to fluoroquinolones and other structurally unrelated antibiotics like tetracycline. It shares 61% similarity with NorB, and is a structural homolog of Blt of Bacillus subtilis. Like NorA and NorB, NorC is regulated by mgrA, also known as NorR. |
| AMR Gene Family | major facilitator superfamily (MFS) antibiotic efflux pump |
| Drug Class | disinfecting agents and antiseptics, fluoroquinolone antibiotic |
| Resistance Mechanism | antibiotic efflux |
| Efflux Component | efflux pump complex or subunit conferring antibiotic resistance |
| Resistomes with Perfect Matches | Staphylococcus aureusg+wgs |
| Resistomes with Sequence Variants | Macrococcus caniswgs, Staphylococcus aureusg+p+wgs, Staphylococcus capitisg, Staphylococcus epidermidisg+wgs, Staphylococcus equorumg+wgs, Staphylococcus haemolyticusg+wgs, Staphylococcus hominisg+wgs, Staphylococcus pasteurig+wgs, Staphylococcus saprophyticusg+wgs, Staphylococcus simulansg+wgs, Staphylococcus warneriwgs |
| Classification | 12 ontology terms | Show + process or component of antibiotic biology or chemistry + mechanism of antibiotic resistance + determinant of antibiotic resistance + antibiotic molecule + antibiotic efflux [Resistance Mechanism] + disinfecting agents and antiseptics [Drug Class] + efflux pump complex or subunit conferring antibiotic resistance [Efflux Component] + fluoroquinolone antibiotic [Drug Class] + norfloxacin [Antibiotic] + major facilitator superfamily (MFS) antibiotic efflux pump [AMR Gene Family] + acriflavine [Antibiotic] + ciprofloxacin [Antibiotic] |
| Parent Term(s) | 2 ontology terms | Show |
| Publications | Truong-Bolduc QC, et al. 2006. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 50(3): 1104-1107. NorC, a new efflux pump regulated by MgrA of Staphylococcus aureus. (PMID 16495280) Costa MO, et al. 2013. Genome Announc 1(4): Complete Genome Sequence of a Variant of the Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus ST239 Lineage, Strain BMB9393, Displaying Superior Ability To Accumulate ica-Independent Biofilm. (PMID 23929475) |
Prevalence of norC among the sequenced genomes, plasmids, and whole-genome shotgun assemblies available at NCBI or IslandViewer for 413 important pathogens (see methodological details and complete list of analyzed pathogens). Values reflect percentage of genomes, plasmids, genome islands, or whole-genome shotgun assemblies that have at least one hit to the AMR detection model. Default view includes percentages calculated based on Perfect plus Strict RGI hits. Select the checkbox to view percentages based on only Perfect matches to AMR reference sequences curated in CARD (note: this excludes resistance via mutation as references in protein variant models are often wild-type, sensitive sequences).
| Species | NCBI Chromosome | NCBI Plasmid | NCBI WGS | NCBI GI |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Macrococcus canis | 0% | 0% | 87.5% | 0% |
| Staphylococcus aureus | 99.91% | 0.86% | 56.18% | 0% |
| Staphylococcus capitis | 10% | 0% | 0% | 0% |
| Staphylococcus epidermidis | 99.35% | 0% | 72.13% | 0% |
| Staphylococcus equorum | 83.33% | 0% | 75% | 0% |
| Staphylococcus haemolyticus | 68.97% | 0% | 57.14% | 0% |
| Staphylococcus hominis | 18.75% | 0% | 3.9% | 0% |
| Staphylococcus pasteuri | 50% | 0% | 57.69% | 0% |
| Staphylococcus saprophyticus | 100% | 0% | 74.13% | 0% |
| Staphylococcus simulans | 100% | 0% | 98.31% | 0% |
| Staphylococcus warneri | 0% | 0% | 0.82% | 0% |
Model Type: protein homolog model
Model Definition: Protein Homolog Models (PHM) detect protein sequences based on their similarity to a curated reference sequence, using curated BLASTP bitscore cut-offs. Protein Homolog Models apply to all genes that confer resistance through their presence in an organism, such as the presence of a beta-lactamase gene on a plasmid. PHMs include a reference sequence and a bitscore cut-off for detection using BLASTP. A Perfect RGI match is 100% identical to the reference protein sequence along its entire length, a Strict RGI match is not identical but the bit-score of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bit-score cutoff, Loose RGI matches have a bit-score less than the curated BLASTP bit-score cut-off.
Bit-score Cut-off (blastP): 525