mecA-type mecI

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Ontology CARD's Antibiotic Resistance Ontology
Accession ARO:3000124
CARD Short NamemecA-type_mecI
DefinitionA mecA-type mecI repressor gene which mediates production of PBP2 by mecA. In methicillin-resistant Staphylococci possessing the mecA gene, mecI represses the expression of mecC thereby restoring or increasing susceptibility to methicillin and beta-lactam antibiotics.
AMR Gene FamilyPBP2-like beta-lactam resistant peptidoglycan transpeptidase, gene modulating beta-lactam resistance
Drug Classpenicillin beta-lactam, cephalosporin, carbapenem, monobactam
Resistance Mechanismantibiotic target replacement
CARD:Epi text mining of PubMed up to 2021

(top ten associations if supported by more than one publication)
NCBI_TAXONStaphylococcus aureus (21), Staphylococcus epidermidis (6), Staphylococcus haemolyticus (3)
GAZ
FOODON
ENVO
UBERON
Classification74 ontology terms | Show
+ process or component of antibiotic biology or chemistry
+ antibiotic molecule
+ beta-lactam antibiotic
+ penicillin beta-lactam [Drug Class]
+ cephalosporin [Drug Class]
+ beta-lactamase resistant penicillin
+ beta-lactamase sensitive penicillin
+ penicillin with extended spectrum
+ other cephalosporins and penems
+ fourth-generation cephalosporin [Drug Subclass]
+ third-generation cephalosporin [Drug Subclass]
+ second-generation cephalosporin [Drug Subclass]
+ first-generation cephalosporin [Drug Subclass]
+ antibiotic target
+ carbapenem [Drug Class]
+ monobactam [Drug Class]
+ moxalactam [Antibiotic]
+ loracarbef [Antibiotic]
+ cefradine [Antibiotic]
+ cephapirin [Antibiotic]
+ ceftizoxime [Antibiotic]
+ ceftiofur [Antibiotic]
+ cefprozil [Antibiotic]
+ cefonicid [Antibiotic]
+ cefmetazole [Antibiotic]
+ mecillinam [Antibiotic]
+ cell wall synthesis enzyme targeted by antibiotic
+ cefalotin [Antibiotic]
+ ceftaroline [Antibiotic]
+ cefdinir [Antibiotic]
+ cefditoren [Antibiotic]
+ ceftibuten [Antibiotic]
+ cefpodoxime [Antibiotic]
+ cefixime [Antibiotic]
+ cefotaxime [Antibiotic]
+ cefaclor [Antibiotic]
+ cefotiam [Antibiotic]
+ cefadroxil [Antibiotic]
+ cefalexin [Antibiotic]
+ doripenem [Antibiotic]
+ mezlocillin [Antibiotic]
+ azlocillin [Antibiotic]
+ ampicillin [Antibiotic]
+ flucloxacillin [Antibiotic]
+ dicloxacillin [Antibiotic]
+ propicillin [Antibiotic]
+ phenoxymethylpenicillin [Antibiotic]
+ benzylpenicillin [Antibiotic]
+ aztreonam [Antibiotic]
+ imipenem [Antibiotic]
+ mechanism of antibiotic resistance
+ piperacillin [Antibiotic]
+ meropenem [Antibiotic]
+ ertapenem [Antibiotic]
+ amoxicillin [Antibiotic]
+ cefuroxime [Antibiotic]
+ ceftriaxone [Antibiotic]
+ ceftobiprole [Antibiotic]
+ ceftazidime [Antibiotic]
+ cefepime [Antibiotic]
+ cefazolin [Antibiotic]
+ oxacillin [Antibiotic]
+ carbenicillin [Antibiotic]
+ methicillin [Antibiotic]
+ cloxacillin [Antibiotic]
+ cefoxitin [Antibiotic]
+ beta-lactam sensitive penicillin-binding protein
+ determinant of antibiotic resistance
+ antibiotic target replacement [Resistance Mechanism]
+ beta-lactam resistant penicillin-binding proteins
+ antibiotic target replacement protein
+ antibiotic resistance gene cluster, cassette, or operon
+ PBP2-like beta-lactam resistant peptidoglycan transpeptidase [AMR Gene Family]
+ beta-lactam resistance operon
Parent Term(s)3 ontology terms | Show
+ gene modulating beta-lactam resistance [AMR Gene Family]
+ part_of mec operon
+ regulates mecA
Resistomes with Perfect MatchesStaphylococcus arlettaeg+wgs, Staphylococcus aureusg+wgs+gi, Staphylococcus capitisg+wgs, Staphylococcus epidermidisg+wgs, Staphylococcus haemolyticuswgs, Staphylococcus hominisg+wgs, Staphylococcus lugdunensisg+wgs, Staphylococcus pseudintermediuswgs, Staphylococcus saprophyticuswgs, Staphylococcus simulanswgs
Resistomes with Sequence VariantsStaphylococcus arlettaeg+wgs, Staphylococcus aureusg+wgs+gi, Staphylococcus capitisg+wgs, Staphylococcus epidermidisg+wgs, Staphylococcus haemolyticuswgs, Staphylococcus hominisg+wgs, Staphylococcus lugdunensisg+wgs, Staphylococcus pseudintermediusg+wgs+gi, Staphylococcus saprophyticuswgs, Staphylococcus simulanswgs
Publications

Blázquez B, et al. 2014. Biochemistry 53(10):1548-50 Regulation of the expression of the β-lactam antibiotic-resistance determinants in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). (PMID 24564530)
Resistomes

Prevalence of mecA-type mecI among the sequenced genomes, plasmids, and whole-genome shotgun assemblies available at NCBI or IslandViewer for 414 important pathogens (see methodological details and complete list of analyzed pathogens). Values reflect percentage of genomes, plasmids, genome islands, or whole-genome shotgun assemblies that have at least one hit to the AMR detection model. Default view includes percentages calculated based on Perfect plus Strict RGI hits. Select the checkbox to view percentages based on only Perfect matches to AMR reference sequences curated in CARD (note: this excludes resistance via mutation as references in protein variant models are often wild-type, sensitive sequences).

Prevalence: protein homolog model (view sequences)

SpeciesNCBI ChromosomeNCBI PlasmidNCBI WGSNCBI GIGRDI-AMR2
Staphylococcus arlettae16.67%0%2.5%0%0%
Staphylococcus aureus8.46%0%22.33%4.87%0%
Staphylococcus capitis30%0%26.58%0%0%
Staphylococcus epidermidis29.68%0%13.97%0%0%
Staphylococcus haemolyticus0%0%1.32%0%0%
Staphylococcus hominis18.75%0%24.88%0%0%
Staphylococcus lugdunensis2.78%0%1.54%0%0%
Staphylococcus pseudintermedius25%0%23.59%26.67%0%
Staphylococcus saprophyticus0%0%2.8%0%0%
Staphylococcus simulans0%0%1.69%0%0%
Show Perfect Only


Detection Models

Model Type: protein homolog model

Model Definition: Protein Homolog Models (PHM) detect protein sequences based on their similarity to a curated reference sequence, using curated BLASTP bitscore cut-offs. Protein Homolog Models apply to all genes that confer resistance through their presence in an organism, such as the presence of a beta-lactamase gene on a plasmid. PHMs include a reference sequence and a bitscore cut-off for detection using BLASTP. A Perfect RGI match is 100% identical to the reference protein sequence along its entire length, a Strict RGI match is not identical but the bit-score of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bit-score cutoff, Loose RGI matches have a bit-score less than the curated BLASTP bit-score cut-off.

Bit-score Cut-off (blastP): 200


>gb|WP_000369216.1|+|mecA-type mecI [Staphylococcus aureus subsp. aureus str. JKD6008]
MDNKTYEISSAEWEVMNIIWMKKYASTNNIIEEIQMQKDWSPKTIRTLITRLYKKGFIDRKKDNKIFQYYSLVEESDIKYKTSKNFINKV
YKGGFNSLVLNFVEKEDLSQDEIEELRNILNKK


>gb|NG_047956.1|+|101-472|mecA-type mecI [Staphylococcus aureus subsp. aureus str. JKD6008]
ATGGATAATAAAACGTATGAAATATCATCTGCAGAATGGGAAGTTATGAATATCATTTGGATGAAAAAATATGCAAGTACGAATAATATA
ATAGAAGAAATACAAATGCAAAAGGACTGGAGTCCAAAAACCATTCGTACACTTATAACGAGATTGTATAAAAAGGGATTTATAGATCGT
AAAAAAGACAATAAAATTTTTCAATATTACTCTCTTGTAGAAGAAAGTGATATAAAATATAAAACATCTAAAAACTTTATCAATAAAGTA
TACAAAGGCGGTTTCAATTCACTTGTCTTAAACTTTGTAGAAAAAGAAGATCTATCACAAGATGAAATAGAAGAATTGAGAAATATATTG
AATAAAAAATAA

Curator Acknowledgements
Curator Description Most Recent Edit