| Accession | ARO:3007431 |
| CARD Short Name | almF |
| Definition | almF is a glycine carrier protein associated with the almEFG operon in Vibrio cholerae. It is activated by almE and carries the glycyl molecule later added to lipid A by almG. |
| AMR Gene Family | polymyxin resistance operon, alm glycyl carrier protein |
| Drug Class | peptide antibiotic |
| Resistance Mechanism | antibiotic target alteration |
| Resistomes with Perfect Matches | Vibrio choleraeg+wgs, Vibrio metoecusg+wgs |
| Resistomes with Sequence Variants | Klebsiella pneumoniaewgs, Vibrio choleraeg+wgs, Vibrio metoecusg+wgs |
| Classification | 16 ontology terms | Show + process or component of antibiotic biology or chemistry + antibiotic molecule + peptide antibiotic [Drug Class] + lipopeptide antibiotic + mechanism of antibiotic resistance + determinant of antibiotic resistance + antibiotic target alteration [Resistance Mechanism] + polymyxin antibiotic + charge alteration conferring antibiotic resistance + colistin + antibiotic resistance gene cluster, cassette, or operon + gene(s) or protein(s) associated with polymyxin resistance operon + polymyxin resistance operon [AMR Gene Family] + gene altering cell wall charge + colistin B [Antibiotic] + colistin A [Antibiotic] |
| Parent Term(s) | 2 ontology terms | Show |
| Publications | Henderson JC, et al. 2014. ACS Chem Biol 9(10):2382-92 Antimicrobial peptide resistance of Vibrio cholerae results from an LPS modification pathway related to nonribosomal peptide synthetases. (PMID 25068415) |
Prevalence of almF among the sequenced genomes, plasmids, and whole-genome shotgun assemblies available at NCBI or IslandViewer for 413 important pathogens (see methodological details and complete list of analyzed pathogens). Values reflect percentage of genomes, plasmids, genome islands, or whole-genome shotgun assemblies that have at least one hit to the AMR detection model. Default view includes percentages calculated based on Perfect plus Strict RGI hits. Select the checkbox to view percentages based on only Perfect matches to AMR reference sequences curated in CARD (note: this excludes resistance via mutation as references in protein variant models are often wild-type, sensitive sequences).
| Species | NCBI Chromosome | NCBI Plasmid | NCBI WGS | NCBI GI |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Klebsiella pneumoniae | 0% | 0% | 0.01% | 0% |
| Vibrio cholerae | 48.88% | 0% | 77.19% | 0% |
| Vibrio metoecus | 50% | 0% | 96% | 0% |
Model Type: protein homolog model
Model Definition: Protein Homolog Models (PHM) detect protein sequences based on their similarity to a curated reference sequence, using curated BLASTP bitscore cut-offs. Protein Homolog Models apply to all genes that confer resistance through their presence in an organism, such as the presence of a beta-lactamase gene on a plasmid. PHMs include a reference sequence and a bitscore cut-off for detection using BLASTP. A Perfect RGI match is 100% identical to the reference protein sequence along its entire length, a Strict RGI match is not identical but the bit-score of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bit-score cutoff, Loose RGI matches have a bit-score less than the curated BLASTP bit-score cut-off.
Bit-score Cut-off (blastP): 125