| Accession | ARO:3002641 |
| Synonym(s) | aphA-1 apha1-1AB APH(3')-Ic apha7 |
| CARD Short Name | APH(3')-Ia |
| Definition | APH(3')-Ia is a transposon-encoded aminoglycoside phosphotransferase in E. coli and S. enterica. It is identical at the protein sequence to APH(3')-Ic, an aminoglycoside phosphotransferase encoded by plasmids, transposons and genomic islands in K. pneumoniae, A. baumannii, S. marcescens, Corynebacterium spp., Photobacterium spp. and Citrobacter spp. |
| AMR Gene Family | APH(3') |
| Drug Class | aminoglycoside antibiotic |
| Resistance Mechanism | antibiotic inactivation |
| Resistomes with Perfect Matches | Acinetobacter baumanniig+p, Acinetobacter defluviig, Acinetobacter haemolyticusp, Acinetobacter indicusp, Acinetobacter pittiip, Corynebacterium amycolatumg, Corynebacterium diphtheriaeg, Corynebacterium imitansg, Corynebacterium urealyticumg, Enterobacter cloacaep, Enterobacter hormaecheip, Escherichia colig+p, Haemophilus influenzaeg, Haemophilus parainfluenzaeg, Klebsiella michiganensisg+p, Klebsiella oxytocag, Klebsiella pneumoniaep, Morganella morganiip, Pasteurella multocidag, Proteus mirabilisg+p, Proteus vulgarisp, Providencia rettgerig, Providencia stuartiip, Pseudomonas aeruginosag+p, Pseudomonas putidap, Salmonella entericag+p, Serratia marcescensg, Vibrio choleraep |
| Resistomes with Sequence Variants | Acinetobacter baumanniig+p, Acinetobacter defluviig, Acinetobacter haemolyticusp, Acinetobacter indicusg+p, Acinetobacter nosocomialisp, Acinetobacter pittiip, Acinetobacter townerig+p, Actinobacillus indolicusg, Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniaeg, Aeromonas caviaeg, Aeromonas hydrophilag+p, Aeromonas veroniig, Avibacterium paragallinarumg, Brucella abortusg, Burkholderia cenocepaciag, Burkholderia glumaeg, Citrobacter freundiip, Citrobacter portucalensisp, Corynebacterium amycolatumg, Corynebacterium diphtheriaeg, Corynebacterium imitansg, Corynebacterium urealyticumg, Deinococcus radioduransg, Enterobacter asburiaeg, Enterobacter cloacaeg+p, Enterobacter hormaecheig+p, Enterobacter kobeip, Enterobacter roggenkampiip, Escherichia albertiig+p, Escherichia colig+p, Escherichia fergusoniip, Glaesserella parasuisg, Haemophilus influenzaeg, Haemophilus parainfluenzaeg, Histophilus somnig, Klebsiella aerogenesg+p, Klebsiella michiganensisg+p, Klebsiella oxytocag+p, Klebsiella pneumoniaeg+p, Klebsiella quasipneumoniaep, Laribacter hongkongensisg, Leclercia adecarboxylatap, Morganella morganiig+p, Mycobacterium tuberculosisg, Pasteurella multocidag, Proteus columbaeg, Proteus mirabilisg+p, Proteus vulgarisp, Providencia alcalifaciensg, Providencia rettgerig+p, Providencia stuartiig+p, Pseudomonas aeruginosag+p, Pseudomonas putidap, Pseudomonas stutzerig, Salmonella entericag+p, Serratia marcescensg+p, Shigella dysenteriaeg, Shigella flexnerig+p, Staphylococcus haemolyticusp, Vibrio alginolyticusp, Vibrio choleraep |
| Classification | 13 ontology terms | Show + process or component of antibiotic biology or chemistry + mechanism of antibiotic resistance + antibiotic inactivation [Resistance Mechanism] + determinant of antibiotic resistance + antibiotic inactivation enzyme + aminoglycoside modifying enzyme + phosphorylation of antibiotic conferring resistance + antibiotic molecule + aminoglycoside phosphotransferase (APH) + aminoglycoside antibiotic [Drug Class] + antibiotic mixture + gentamicin [Antibiotic] + APH(3') [AMR Gene Family] |
| Parent Term(s) | 7 ontology terms | Show + confers_resistance_to_antibiotic kanamycin A [Antibiotic] + confers_resistance_to_antibiotic neomycin [Antibiotic] + confers_resistance_to_antibiotic paromomycin [Antibiotic] + confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ribostamycin [Antibiotic] + confers_resistance_to_antibiotic lividomycin [Antibiotic] + confers_resistance_to_antibiotic gentamicin B [Antibiotic] + APH(3')-I |
| Publications | Oka A, et al. 1981. J Mol Biol 147(2): 217-226. Nucleotide sequence of the kanamycin resistance transposon Tn903. (PMID 6270337) Lee KY, et al. 1990. J Bacteriol 172(6): 3229-3236. Direct involvement of IS26 in an antibiotic resistance operon. (PMID 2160941) Tauch A, et al. 2000. Mol Gen Genet 263(1): 1-11. The 51,409-bp R-plasmid pTP10 from the multiresistant clinical isolate Corynebacterium striatum M82B is composed of DNA segments initially identified in soil bacteria and in plant, animal, and human pathogens. (PMID 10732668) |
Prevalence of APH(3')-Ia among the sequenced genomes, plasmids, and whole-genome shotgun assemblies available at NCBI or IslandViewer for 381 important pathogens (see methodological details and complete list of analyzed pathogens). Values reflect percentage of genomes, plasmids, genome islands, or whole-genome shotgun assemblies that have at least one hit to the AMR detection model. Default view includes percentages calculated based on Perfect plus Strict RGI hits. Select the checkbox to view percentages based on only Perfect matches to AMR reference sequences curated in CARD (note: this excludes resistance via mutation as references in protein variant models are often wild-type, sensitive sequences).
| Species | NCBI Chromosome | NCBI Plasmid | NCBI WGS | NCBI GI |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Acinetobacter baumannii | 37.35% | 0.57% | 0% | 0% |
| Acinetobacter defluvii | 100% | 0% | 0% | 0% |
| Acinetobacter haemolyticus | 0% | 2.44% | 0% | 0% |
| Acinetobacter indicus | 9.52% | 3.77% | 0% | 0% |
| Acinetobacter nosocomialis | 0% | 1.64% | 0% | 0% |
| Acinetobacter pittii | 0% | 1.97% | 0% | 0% |
| Acinetobacter towneri | 12.5% | 37.5% | 0% | 0% |
| Actinobacillus indolicus | 100% | 0% | 0% | 0% |
| Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae | 2.78% | 0% | 0% | 0% |
| Aeromonas caviae | 9.09% | 0% | 0% | 0% |
| Aeromonas hydrophila | 4.62% | 3.9% | 0% | 0% |
| Aeromonas veronii | 1.82% | 0% | 0% | 0% |
| Avibacterium paragallinarum | 12.5% | 0% | 0% | 0% |
| Brucella abortus | 0.79% | 0% | 0% | 0% |
| Burkholderia cenocepacia | 18.59% | 0% | 0% | 0% |
| Burkholderia glumae | 3% | 0% | 0% | 0% |
| Citrobacter freundii | 0% | 1.23% | 0% | 0% |
| Citrobacter portucalensis | 0% | 8.82% | 0% | 0% |
| Corynebacterium amycolatum | 57.14% | 0% | 0% | 0% |
| Corynebacterium diphtheriae | 1.85% | 0% | 0% | 0% |
| Corynebacterium imitans | 100% | 0% | 0% | 0% |
| Corynebacterium urealyticum | 100% | 0% | 0% | 0% |
| Deinococcus radiodurans | 8% | 0% | 0% | 0% |
| Enterobacter asburiae | 3.23% | 0% | 0% | 0% |
| Enterobacter cloacae | 3.57% | 2.79% | 0% | 0% |
| Enterobacter hormaechei | 2.52% | 1.8% | 0% | 0% |
| Enterobacter kobei | 0% | 0.69% | 0% | 0% |
| Enterobacter roggenkampii | 0% | 0.48% | 0% | 0% |
| Escherichia albertii | 1.43% | 0.56% | 0% | 0% |
| Escherichia coli | 1.86% | 2.08% | 0% | 0% |
| Escherichia fergusonii | 0% | 3.56% | 0% | 0% |
| Glaesserella parasuis | 34.62% | 0% | 0% | 0% |
| Haemophilus influenzae | 1.03% | 0% | 0% | 0% |
| Haemophilus parainfluenzae | 6.25% | 0% | 0% | 0% |
| Histophilus somni | 46.67% | 0% | 0% | 0% |
| Klebsiella aerogenes | 4% | 1.09% | 0% | 0% |
| Klebsiella michiganensis | 40.32% | 5.14% | 0% | 0% |
| Klebsiella oxytoca | 17.95% | 2.74% | 0% | 0% |
| Klebsiella pneumoniae | 1.24% | 3.87% | 0% | 0% |
| Klebsiella quasipneumoniae | 0% | 1.69% | 0% | 0% |
| Laribacter hongkongensis | 66.67% | 0% | 0% | 0% |
| Leclercia adecarboxylata | 0% | 4.76% | 0% | 0% |
| Morganella morganii | 15.38% | 2.5% | 0% | 0% |
| Mycobacterium tuberculosis | 0.2% | 0% | 0% | 0% |
| Pasteurella multocida | 12.86% | 0% | 0% | 0% |
| Proteus columbae | 100% | 0% | 0% | 0% |
| Proteus mirabilis | 44.95% | 5% | 0% | 0% |
| Proteus vulgaris | 0% | 33.33% | 0% | 0% |
| Providencia alcalifaciens | 18.18% | 0% | 0% | 0% |
| Providencia rettgeri | 8.82% | 18.92% | 0% | 0% |
| Providencia stuartii | 6.25% | 6.82% | 0% | 0% |
| Pseudomonas aeruginosa | 1.38% | 2.05% | 0% | 0% |
| Pseudomonas putida | 0% | 20% | 0% | 0% |
| Pseudomonas stutzeri | 3.57% | 0% | 0% | 0% |
| Salmonella enterica | 2.27% | 7.17% | 0% | 0% |
| Serratia marcescens | 2.27% | 0.65% | 0% | 0% |
| Shigella dysenteriae | 14.29% | 0% | 0% | 0% |
| Shigella flexneri | 8% | 9.64% | 0% | 0% |
| Staphylococcus haemolyticus | 0% | 1.89% | 0% | 0% |
| Vibrio alginolyticus | 0% | 3.57% | 0% | 0% |
| Vibrio cholerae | 0% | 5.26% | 0% | 0% |
Model Type: protein homolog model
Model Definition: Protein Homolog Models (PHM) detect protein sequences based on their similarity to a curated reference sequence, using curated BLASTP bitscore cut-offs. Protein Homolog Models apply to all genes that confer resistance through their presence in an organism, such as the presence of a beta-lactamase gene on a plasmid. PHMs include a reference sequence and a bitscore cut-off for detection using BLASTP. A Perfect RGI match is 100% identical to the reference protein sequence along its entire length, a Strict RGI match is not identical but the bit-score of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bit-score cutoff, Loose RGI matches have a bit-score less than the curated BLASTP bit-score cut-off.
Bit-score Cut-off (blastP): 500