| Accession | ARO:3004684 |
| Synonym(s) | MCR-9 |
| CARD Short Name | MCR-9.1 |
| Definition | A mobilized and plasmid-mediated colistin resistance gene and phosphoethanolamine transferase identified from a Salmonella enterica isolate. |
| AMR Gene Family | MCR phosphoethanolamine transferase |
| Drug Class | peptide antibiotic |
| Resistance Mechanism | antibiotic target alteration |
| Resistomes with Perfect Matches | Citrobacter amalonaticuswgs, Citrobacter freundiiwgs, Citrobacter koseriwgs, Citrobacter portucalensisp+wgs, Citrobacter werkmaniiwgs, Cronobacter malonaticuswgs, Cronobacter sakazakiiwgs, Enterobacter asburiaeg+p+wgs, Enterobacter cancerogenusp, Enterobacter cloacaeg+p+wgs, Enterobacter hormaecheig+p+wgs, Enterobacter kobeig+p+wgs, Enterobacter roggenkampiip+wgs, Escherichia coliwgs, Klebsiella michiganensiswgs, Klebsiella oxytocap+wgs, Klebsiella pneumoniaewgs, Klebsiella quasipneumoniaep+wgs, Leclercia adecarboxylatag+p+wgs, Morganella morganiiwgs, Proteus mirabiliswgs, Raoultella planticolawgs, Salmonella entericag+p+wgs, Serratia marcescensp+wgs |
| Resistomes with Sequence Variants | Citrobacter amalonaticuswgs, Citrobacter freundiiwgs, Citrobacter koseriwgs, Citrobacter portucalensisp+wgs, Citrobacter werkmaniiwgs, Cronobacter malonaticuswgs, Cronobacter sakazakiiwgs, Enterobacter asburiaeg+p+wgs, Enterobacter cancerogenusp, Enterobacter cloacaeg+p+wgs, Enterobacter hormaecheig+p+wgs, Enterobacter kobeig+p+wgs, Enterobacter roggenkampiip+wgs, Escherichia coliwgs, Klebsiella michiganensiswgs, Klebsiella oxytocap+wgs, Klebsiella pneumoniaewgs, Klebsiella quasipneumoniaep+wgs, Leclercia adecarboxylatag+p+wgs, Morganella morganiiwgs, Proteus mirabiliswgs, Raoultella planticolawgs, Salmonella entericag+p+wgs, Serratia marcescensp+wgs |
| Classification | 14 ontology terms | Show + process or component of antibiotic biology or chemistry + antibiotic molecule + peptide antibiotic [Drug Class] + mechanism of antibiotic resistance + lipopeptide antibiotic + antibiotic target alteration [Resistance Mechanism] + charge alteration conferring antibiotic resistance + determinant of antibiotic resistance + polymyxin antibiotic + gene altering cell wall charge + colistin + phosphoethanolamine transferase conferring colistin resistance + colistin B [Antibiotic] + colistin A [Antibiotic] |
| Parent Term(s) | 3 ontology terms | Show + confers_resistance_to_antibiotic colistin A [Antibiotic] + confers_resistance_to_antibiotic colistin B [Antibiotic] + MCR phosphoethanolamine transferase [AMR Gene Family] |
| Publications | Carroll LM, et al. 2019. MBio 10(3): Identification of Novel Mobilized Colistin Resistance Gene mcr-9 in a Multidrug-Resistant, Colistin-Susceptible Salmonella enterica Serotype Typhimurium Isolate. (PMID 31064835) |
Prevalence of MCR-9.1 among the sequenced genomes, plasmids, and whole-genome shotgun assemblies available at NCBI or IslandViewer for 413 important pathogens (see methodological details and complete list of analyzed pathogens). Values reflect percentage of genomes, plasmids, genome islands, or whole-genome shotgun assemblies that have at least one hit to the AMR detection model. Default view includes percentages calculated based on Perfect plus Strict RGI hits. Select the checkbox to view percentages based on only Perfect matches to AMR reference sequences curated in CARD (note: this excludes resistance via mutation as references in protein variant models are often wild-type, sensitive sequences).
| Species | NCBI Chromosome | NCBI Plasmid | NCBI WGS | NCBI GI |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Citrobacter amalonaticus | 0% | 0% | 3.64% | 0% |
| Citrobacter freundii | 0% | 0% | 3.87% | 0% |
| Citrobacter koseri | 0% | 0% | 0.9% | 0% |
| Citrobacter portucalensis | 0% | 1.47% | 6.31% | 0% |
| Citrobacter werkmanii | 0% | 0% | 2.56% | 0% |
| Cronobacter malonaticus | 0% | 0% | 5.45% | 0% |
| Cronobacter sakazakii | 0% | 0% | 3.36% | 0% |
| Enterobacter asburiae | 19.35% | 0.83% | 13.44% | 0% |
| Enterobacter cancerogenus | 0% | 25% | 0% | 0% |
| Enterobacter cloacae | 3.57% | 4.47% | 10.22% | 0% |
| Enterobacter hormaechei | 1.8% | 4.76% | 13.03% | 0% |
| Enterobacter kobei | 22.73% | 2.76% | 17.03% | 0% |
| Enterobacter roggenkampii | 0% | 1.45% | 8.63% | 0% |
| Escherichia coli | 0% | 0% | 0.12% | 0% |
| Klebsiella michiganensis | 0% | 0% | 0.8% | 0% |
| Klebsiella oxytoca | 0% | 2.05% | 0.84% | 0% |
| Klebsiella pneumoniae | 0% | 0% | 0.29% | 0% |
| Klebsiella quasipneumoniae | 0% | 0.21% | 0.39% | 0% |
| Leclercia adecarboxylata | 21.43% | 4.76% | 9.3% | 0% |
| Morganella morganii | 0% | 0% | 0.61% | 0% |
| Proteus mirabilis | 0% | 0% | 0.17% | 0% |
| Raoultella planticola | 0% | 0% | 2.56% | 0% |
| Salmonella enterica | 0.13% | 0.11% | 0.59% | 0% |
| Serratia marcescens | 0% | 2.58% | 0.79% | 0% |
Model Type: protein homolog model
Model Definition: Protein Homolog Models (PHM) detect protein sequences based on their similarity to a curated reference sequence, using curated BLASTP bitscore cut-offs. Protein Homolog Models apply to all genes that confer resistance through their presence in an organism, such as the presence of a beta-lactamase gene on a plasmid. PHMs include a reference sequence and a bitscore cut-off for detection using BLASTP. A Perfect RGI match is 100% identical to the reference protein sequence along its entire length, a Strict RGI match is not identical but the bit-score of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bit-score cutoff, Loose RGI matches have a bit-score less than the curated BLASTP bit-score cut-off.
Bit-score Cut-off (blastP): 1000