| Accession | ARO:3002652 |
| Synonym(s) | aphA-6 |
| CARD Short Name | APH(3')-VIa |
| Definition | APH(3')-VIa is a plasmid-encoded aminoglycoside phosphotransferase in A. baumannii. |
| AMR Gene Family | APH(3') |
| Drug Class | aminoglycoside antibiotic |
| Resistance Mechanism | antibiotic inactivation |
| Resistomes with Perfect Matches | Acinetobacter baumanniig+p+wgs, Acinetobacter defluviip, Acinetobacter haemolyticusp, Acinetobacter indicusg, Acinetobacter johnsoniip+wgs, Acinetobacter juniip+wgs, Acinetobacter lwoffiip, Acinetobacter nosocomialisp+wgs, Acinetobacter pittiip+wgs, Acinetobacter radioresistenswgs, Acinetobacter wuhouensisp, Citrobacter freundiiwgs, Enterobacter roggenkampiiwgs, Escherichia colip+wgs, Klebsiella pneumoniaewgs, Klebsiella quasipneumoniaewgs, Pseudomonas aeruginosag+wgs, Pseudomonas putidawgs |
| Resistomes with Sequence Variants | Acinetobacter baumanniig+p+wgs+gi, Acinetobacter defluviip, Acinetobacter haemolyticusp+wgs, Acinetobacter indicusg+p+wgs, Acinetobacter johnsoniip+wgs, Acinetobacter juniip+wgs, Acinetobacter lwoffiip+wgs, Acinetobacter nosocomialisp+wgs, Acinetobacter pittiip+wgs, Acinetobacter radioresistenswgs, Acinetobacter townerip+wgs, Acinetobacter wuhouensisp+wgs, Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniaeg, Aeromonas caviaeg, Alcaligenes faecalisp+wgs, Burkholderia cenocepaciawgs, Citrobacter amalonaticuswgs, Citrobacter freundiiwgs, Citrobacter portucalensiswgs, Citrobacter werkmaniiwgs, Enterobacter asburiaewgs, Enterobacter cloacaewgs, Enterobacter hormaecheip+wgs, Enterobacter kobeiwgs, Enterobacter roggenkampiiwgs, Escherichia colig+p+wgs, Klebsiella aerogeneswgs, Klebsiella michiganensiswgs, Klebsiella oxytocawgs, Klebsiella pneumoniaeg+p+wgs, Klebsiella quasipneumoniaep+wgs, Morganella morganiig+wgs+gi, Pasteurella multocidawgs, Proteus mirabilisg+p+wgs, Providencia rettgerip+wgs, Providencia stuartiiwgs, Pseudomonas aeruginosag+p+wgs+gi, Pseudomonas monteiliiwgs, Pseudomonas putidag+wgs, Pseudomonas stutzeriwgs, Salmonella entericawgs, Serratia marcescenswgs, Stenotrophomonas maltophiliag+wgs |
| Classification | 13 ontology terms | Show + process or component of antibiotic biology or chemistry + mechanism of antibiotic resistance + determinant of antibiotic resistance + antibiotic inactivation [Resistance Mechanism] + antibiotic inactivation enzyme + phosphorylation of antibiotic conferring resistance + antibiotic molecule + aminoglycoside modifying enzyme + antibiotic mixture + aminoglycoside phosphotransferase (APH) + aminoglycoside antibiotic [Drug Class] + APH(3') [AMR Gene Family] + gentamicin [Antibiotic] |
| Parent Term(s) | 9 ontology terms | Show + confers_resistance_to_antibiotic isepamicin [Antibiotic] + confers_resistance_to_antibiotic butirosin [Antibiotic] + confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ribostamycin [Antibiotic] + confers_resistance_to_antibiotic gentamicin B [Antibiotic] + confers_resistance_to_antibiotic paromomycin [Antibiotic] + confers_resistance_to_antibiotic kanamycin A [Antibiotic] + confers_resistance_to_antibiotic amikacin [Antibiotic] + confers_resistance_to_antibiotic neomycin [Antibiotic] + APH(3')-VI |
| Publications | Martin P, et al. 1988. Mol Microbiol 2(5): 615-625. Nucleotide sequence of Acinetobacter baumannii aphA-6 gene: evolutionary and functional implications of sequence homologies with nucleotide-binding proteins, kinases and other aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes. (PMID 2846986) |
Prevalence of APH(3')-VIa among the sequenced genomes, plasmids, and whole-genome shotgun assemblies available at NCBI or IslandViewer for 413 important pathogens (see methodological details and complete list of analyzed pathogens). Values reflect percentage of genomes, plasmids, genome islands, or whole-genome shotgun assemblies that have at least one hit to the AMR detection model. Default view includes percentages calculated based on Perfect plus Strict RGI hits. Select the checkbox to view percentages based on only Perfect matches to AMR reference sequences curated in CARD (note: this excludes resistance via mutation as references in protein variant models are often wild-type, sensitive sequences).
| Species | NCBI Chromosome | NCBI Plasmid | NCBI WGS | NCBI GI |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Acinetobacter baumannii | 7.08% | 3.9% | 16.06% | 3.77% |
| Acinetobacter defluvii | 0% | 12.5% | 0% | 0% |
| Acinetobacter haemolyticus | 0% | 4.88% | 4.65% | 0% |
| Acinetobacter indicus | 4.76% | 18.87% | 2.6% | 0% |
| Acinetobacter johnsonii | 0% | 4.17% | 10.91% | 0% |
| Acinetobacter junii | 0% | 50% | 7.46% | 0% |
| Acinetobacter lwoffii | 0% | 1.39% | 5.26% | 0% |
| Acinetobacter nosocomialis | 0% | 3.28% | 5.17% | 0% |
| Acinetobacter pittii | 0% | 9.36% | 6.82% | 0% |
| Acinetobacter radioresistens | 0% | 0% | 3.51% | 0% |
| Acinetobacter towneri | 0% | 6.25% | 3.85% | 0% |
| Acinetobacter wuhouensis | 0% | 4.55% | 50% | 0% |
| Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae | 2.78% | 0% | 0% | 0% |
| Aeromonas caviae | 2.27% | 0% | 0% | 0% |
| Alcaligenes faecalis | 0% | 20% | 2.94% | 0% |
| Burkholderia cenocepacia | 0% | 0% | 1.75% | 0% |
| Citrobacter amalonaticus | 0% | 0% | 3.64% | 0% |
| Citrobacter freundii | 0% | 0% | 0.97% | 0% |
| Citrobacter portucalensis | 0% | 0% | 0.9% | 0% |
| Citrobacter werkmanii | 0% | 0% | 12.82% | 0% |
| Enterobacter asburiae | 0% | 0% | 0.4% | 0% |
| Enterobacter cloacae | 0% | 0% | 0.32% | 0% |
| Enterobacter hormaechei | 0% | 0.19% | 0.99% | 0% |
| Enterobacter kobei | 0% | 0% | 0.87% | 0% |
| Enterobacter roggenkampii | 0% | 0% | 0.36% | 0% |
| Escherichia coli | 0.05% | 0.1% | 0.13% | 0% |
| Klebsiella aerogenes | 0% | 0% | 0.28% | 0% |
| Klebsiella michiganensis | 0% | 0% | 0.8% | 0% |
| Klebsiella oxytoca | 0% | 0% | 0.84% | 0% |
| Klebsiella pneumoniae | 0.18% | 0.79% | 1.41% | 0% |
| Klebsiella quasipneumoniae | 0% | 0.21% | 1.18% | 0% |
| Morganella morganii | 1.92% | 0% | 1.84% | 7.69% |
| Pasteurella multocida | 0% | 0% | 1.5% | 0% |
| Proteus mirabilis | 4.59% | 5% | 2.81% | 0% |
| Providencia rettgeri | 0% | 2.7% | 5.73% | 0% |
| Providencia stuartii | 0% | 0% | 6.82% | 0% |
| Pseudomonas aeruginosa | 2.45% | 0.29% | 1.21% | 9.72% |
| Pseudomonas monteilii | 0% | 0% | 7.14% | 0% |
| Pseudomonas putida | 1.41% | 0% | 3.74% | 0% |
| Pseudomonas stutzeri | 0% | 0% | 0.76% | 0% |
| Salmonella enterica | 0% | 0% | 0.02% | 0% |
| Serratia marcescens | 0% | 0% | 1.7% | 0% |
| Stenotrophomonas maltophilia | 1.12% | 0% | 0.15% | 0% |
Model Type: protein homolog model
Model Definition: Protein Homolog Models (PHM) detect protein sequences based on their similarity to a curated reference sequence, using curated BLASTP bitscore cut-offs. Protein Homolog Models apply to all genes that confer resistance through their presence in an organism, such as the presence of a beta-lactamase gene on a plasmid. PHMs include a reference sequence and a bitscore cut-off for detection using BLASTP. A Perfect RGI match is 100% identical to the reference protein sequence along its entire length, a Strict RGI match is not identical but the bit-score of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bit-score cutoff, Loose RGI matches have a bit-score less than the curated BLASTP bit-score cut-off.
Bit-score Cut-off (blastP): 500