| Accession | ARO:3002653 |
| CARD Short Name | APH(3')-VIb |
| Definition | APH(3')-VIb is a plasmid-encoded aminoglycoside phosphotransferase in K. pneumoniae and S. marcescens. |
| AMR Gene Family | APH(3') |
| Drug Class | aminoglycoside antibiotic |
| Resistance Mechanism | antibiotic inactivation |
| Resistomes with Perfect Matches | Acinetobacter baumanniig+p+wgs, Acinetobacter pittiip+wgs, Proteus mirabilisg+wgs, Pseudomonas aeruginosawgs, Pseudomonas putidawgs |
| Resistomes with Sequence Variants | Acinetobacter baumanniig+p+wgs, Acinetobacter pittiip+wgs, Citrobacter freundiig+p+wgs, Citrobacter portucalensiswgs, Enterobacter chengduensiswgs, Enterobacter hormaecheip, Escherichia colip, Klebsiella huaxiensisp, Klebsiella oxytocap, Klebsiella pneumoniaep+wgs, Morganella morganiig+wgs, Proteus mirabilisg+wgs, Proteus penneriwgs, Providencia rettgerig, Pseudomonas aeruginosawgs, Pseudomonas putidawgs |
| Classification | 13 ontology terms | Show + process or component of antibiotic biology or chemistry + mechanism of antibiotic resistance + determinant of antibiotic resistance + antibiotic inactivation [Resistance Mechanism] + antibiotic inactivation enzyme + aminoglycoside modifying enzyme + antibiotic molecule + phosphorylation of antibiotic conferring resistance + antibiotic mixture + aminoglycoside phosphotransferase (APH) + aminoglycoside antibiotic [Drug Class] + APH(3') [AMR Gene Family] + gentamicin [Antibiotic] |
| Parent Term(s) | 9 ontology terms | Show + confers_resistance_to_antibiotic amikacin [Antibiotic] + confers_resistance_to_antibiotic kanamycin A [Antibiotic] + confers_resistance_to_antibiotic isepamicin [Antibiotic] + confers_resistance_to_antibiotic butirosin [Antibiotic] + confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ribostamycin [Antibiotic] + confers_resistance_to_antibiotic gentamicin B [Antibiotic] + confers_resistance_to_antibiotic paromomycin [Antibiotic] + confers_resistance_to_antibiotic neomycin [Antibiotic] + APH(3')-VI |
| Publications | Gaynes R, et al. 1988. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 32(9): 1379-1384. Isolation, characterization, and cloning of a plasmid-borne gene encoding a phosphotransferase that confers high-level amikacin resistance in enteric bacilli. (PMID 2848443) |
Prevalence of APH(3')-VIb among the sequenced genomes, plasmids, and whole-genome shotgun assemblies available at NCBI or IslandViewer for 413 important pathogens (see methodological details and complete list of analyzed pathogens). Values reflect percentage of genomes, plasmids, genome islands, or whole-genome shotgun assemblies that have at least one hit to the AMR detection model. Default view includes percentages calculated based on Perfect plus Strict RGI hits. Select the checkbox to view percentages based on only Perfect matches to AMR reference sequences curated in CARD (note: this excludes resistance via mutation as references in protein variant models are often wild-type, sensitive sequences).
| Species | NCBI Chromosome | NCBI Plasmid | NCBI WGS | NCBI GI |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Acinetobacter baumannii | 1.06% | 0.16% | 0.94% | 0% |
| Acinetobacter pittii | 0% | 0.49% | 1.7% | 0% |
| Citrobacter freundii | 1.64% | 0.31% | 0.97% | 0% |
| Citrobacter portucalensis | 0% | 0% | 0.9% | 0% |
| Enterobacter chengduensis | 0% | 0% | 4% | 0% |
| Enterobacter hormaechei | 0% | 0.06% | 0% | 0% |
| Escherichia coli | 0% | 0.01% | 0% | 0% |
| Klebsiella huaxiensis | 0% | 7.69% | 0% | 0% |
| Klebsiella oxytoca | 0% | 0.68% | 0% | 0% |
| Klebsiella pneumoniae | 0% | 0.26% | 0.36% | 0% |
| Morganella morganii | 1.92% | 0% | 0.61% | 0% |
| Proteus mirabilis | 0.92% | 0% | 0.33% | 0% |
| Proteus penneri | 0% | 0% | 12.5% | 0% |
| Providencia rettgeri | 5.88% | 0% | 0% | 0% |
| Pseudomonas aeruginosa | 0% | 0% | 0.24% | 0% |
| Pseudomonas putida | 0% | 0% | 0.53% | 0% |
Model Type: protein homolog model
Model Definition: Protein Homolog Models (PHM) detect protein sequences based on their similarity to a curated reference sequence, using curated BLASTP bitscore cut-offs. Protein Homolog Models apply to all genes that confer resistance through their presence in an organism, such as the presence of a beta-lactamase gene on a plasmid. PHMs include a reference sequence and a bitscore cut-off for detection using BLASTP. A Perfect RGI match is 100% identical to the reference protein sequence along its entire length, a Strict RGI match is not identical but the bit-score of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bit-score cutoff, Loose RGI matches have a bit-score less than the curated BLASTP bit-score cut-off.
Bit-score Cut-off (blastP): 500