| Accession | ARO:3004110 |
| Synonym(s) | MCR-2 |
| CARD Short Name | MCR-2.1 |
| Definition | MCR-2 is a plasmid-borne phosphoethanolamine transferase that interferes with binding of colistin to the cell membrane via addition of phosphoethanolamine to lipid A, resulting in reduction of the negative charge of the cell membrane. Originally identified in a Belgian sample of Escherichia coli by Xavier et al, (2016). |
| AMR Gene Family | MCR phosphoethanolamine transferase |
| Drug Class | peptide antibiotic |
| Resistance Mechanism | antibiotic target alteration |
| Classification | 14 ontology terms | Show + process or component of antibiotic biology or chemistry + antibiotic molecule + peptide antibiotic [Drug Class] + mechanism of antibiotic resistance + lipopeptide antibiotic + antibiotic target alteration [Resistance Mechanism] + charge alteration conferring antibiotic resistance + determinant of antibiotic resistance + polymyxin antibiotic + gene altering cell wall charge + colistin + phosphoethanolamine transferase conferring colistin resistance + colistin B [Antibiotic] + colistin A [Antibiotic] |
| Parent Term(s) | 3 ontology terms | Show + confers_resistance_to_antibiotic colistin A [Antibiotic] + confers_resistance_to_antibiotic colistin B [Antibiotic] + MCR phosphoethanolamine transferase [AMR Gene Family] |
| Sub-Term(s) | 1 ontology terms | Show + MCR-2.2 evolutionary_variant_of |
| Publications | Xavier BB, et al. 2016. Euro Surveill. 21(27): Identification of a novel plasmid-mediated colistin-resistance gene, mcr-2, in Escherichia coli, Belgium, June 2016. (PMID 27416987) Sun J, et al. 2017. MBio 8(3): Deciphering MCR-2 Colistin Resistance. (PMID 28487432) Partridge SR, et al. 2018. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 73(10):2625-2630 Proposal for assignment of allele numbers for mobile colistin resistance (mcr) genes. (PMID 30053115) |
Prevalence of MCR-2.1 among the sequenced genomes, plasmids, and whole-genome shotgun assemblies available at NCBI or IslandViewer for 413 important pathogens (see methodological details and complete list of analyzed pathogens). Values reflect percentage of genomes, plasmids, genome islands, or whole-genome shotgun assemblies that have at least one hit to the AMR detection model. Default view includes percentages calculated based on Perfect plus Strict RGI hits. Select the checkbox to view percentages based on only Perfect matches to AMR reference sequences curated in CARD (note: this excludes resistance via mutation as references in protein variant models are often wild-type, sensitive sequences).
| Species | NCBI Chromosome | NCBI Plasmid | NCBI WGS | NCBI GI |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| No prevalence data | ||||
Model Type: protein homolog model
Model Definition: Protein Homolog Models (PHM) detect protein sequences based on their similarity to a curated reference sequence, using curated BLASTP bitscore cut-offs. Protein Homolog Models apply to all genes that confer resistance through their presence in an organism, such as the presence of a beta-lactamase gene on a plasmid. PHMs include a reference sequence and a bitscore cut-off for detection using BLASTP. A Perfect RGI match is 100% identical to the reference protein sequence along its entire length, a Strict RGI match is not identical but the bit-score of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bit-score cutoff, Loose RGI matches have a bit-score less than the curated BLASTP bit-score cut-off.
Bit-score Cut-off (blastP): 1000