| Accession | ARO:3000508 |
| CARD Short Name | gadX |
| Definition | GadX is an AraC-family regulator that promotes mdtEF expression to confer multidrug resistance. |
| AMR Gene Family | resistance-nodulation-cell division (RND) antibiotic efflux pump |
| Drug Class | fluoroquinolone antibiotic, penam, macrolide antibiotic |
| Resistance Mechanism | antibiotic efflux |
| Efflux Component | efflux pump complex or subunit conferring antibiotic resistance |
| Efflux Regulator | protein(s) and two-component regulatory system modulating antibiotic efflux |
| Resistomes with Perfect Matches | Escherichia colig+wgs+gi, Shigella boydiig+wgs, Shigella dysenteriaewgs, Shigella flexnerig+wgs, Shigella sonneiwgs |
| Resistomes with Sequence Variants | Enterobacter hormaecheiwgs, Escherichia colig+wgs+gi, Shigella boydiig+wgs, Shigella dysenteriaeg+wgs, Shigella flexnerig+wgs, Shigella sonneig+wgs |
| Classification | 17 ontology terms | Show + process or component of antibiotic biology or chemistry + antibiotic molecule + mechanism of antibiotic resistance + beta-lactam antibiotic + antibiotic efflux [Resistance Mechanism] + determinant of antibiotic resistance + fluoroquinolone antibiotic [Drug Class] + penam [Drug Class] + efflux pump complex or subunit conferring antibiotic resistance [Efflux Component] + macrolide antibiotic [Drug Class] + oxacillin [Antibiotic] + cloxacillin [Antibiotic] + erythromycin [Antibiotic] + resistance-nodulation-cell division (RND) antibiotic efflux pump [AMR Gene Family] + norfloxacin [Antibiotic] + protein(s) and two-component regulatory system modulating antibiotic efflux [Efflux Regulator] + MdtEF-TolC |
| Parent Term(s) | 3 ontology terms | Show + protein(s) and two-component regulatory system modulating antibiotic efflux [Efflux Regulator] + regulates MdtEF-TolC + regulates gadW |
| Publications | Nishino K, et al. 2008. J Infect Chemother 14(1): 23-29. The AraC-family regulator GadX enhances multidrug resistance in Escherichia coli by activating expression of mdtEF multidrug efflux genes. (PMID 18297445) |
Prevalence of gadX among the sequenced genomes, plasmids, and whole-genome shotgun assemblies available at NCBI or IslandViewer for 413 important pathogens (see methodological details and complete list of analyzed pathogens). Values reflect percentage of genomes, plasmids, genome islands, or whole-genome shotgun assemblies that have at least one hit to the AMR detection model. Default view includes percentages calculated based on Perfect plus Strict RGI hits. Select the checkbox to view percentages based on only Perfect matches to AMR reference sequences curated in CARD (note: this excludes resistance via mutation as references in protein variant models are often wild-type, sensitive sequences).
| Species | NCBI Chromosome | NCBI Plasmid | NCBI WGS | NCBI GI |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Enterobacter hormaechei | 0% | 0% | 0.04% | 0% |
| Escherichia coli | 65.98% | 0% | 60.53% | 0.13% |
| Shigella boydii | 100% | 0% | 93.33% | 0% |
| Shigella dysenteriae | 85.71% | 0% | 96.67% | 0% |
| Shigella flexneri | 97% | 0% | 81.37% | 0% |
| Shigella sonnei | 100% | 0% | 95.25% | 0% |
Model Type: protein homolog model
Model Definition: Protein Homolog Models (PHM) detect protein sequences based on their similarity to a curated reference sequence, using curated BLASTP bitscore cut-offs. Protein Homolog Models apply to all genes that confer resistance through their presence in an organism, such as the presence of a beta-lactamase gene on a plasmid. PHMs include a reference sequence and a bitscore cut-off for detection using BLASTP. A Perfect RGI match is 100% identical to the reference protein sequence along its entire length, a Strict RGI match is not identical but the bit-score of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bit-score cutoff, Loose RGI matches have a bit-score less than the curated BLASTP bit-score cut-off.
Bit-score Cut-off (blastP): 450