gadX

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Accession	ARO:3000508
CARD Short Name	gadX
Definition	GadX is an AraC-family regulator that promotes mdtEF expression to confer multidrug resistance.
AMR Gene Family	resistance-nodulation-cell division (RND) antibiotic efflux pump
Drug Class	penicillin beta-lactam, fluoroquinolone antibiotic, macrolide antibiotic
Resistance Mechanism	antibiotic efflux
Efflux Component	efflux pump complex or subunit conferring antibiotic resistance
Efflux Regulator	protein(s) and two-component regulatory system modulating antibiotic efflux
Resistomes with Perfect Matches	Escherichia coli^g+wgs+gi, Shigella boydii^g+wgs, Shigella dysenteriae^wgs, Shigella flexneri^g+wgs, Shigella sonnei^wgs
Resistomes with Sequence Variants	Enterobacter hormaechei^wgs, Escherichia coli^g+wgs+gi, Shigella boydii^g+wgs, Shigella dysenteriae^g+wgs, Shigella flexneri^g+wgs, Shigella sonnei^g+wgs
Classification	18 ontology terms \| Show + process or component of antibiotic biology or chemistry + antibiotic molecule + beta-lactam antibiotic + mechanism of antibiotic resistance + penicillin beta-lactam [Drug Class] + determinant of antibiotic resistance + antibiotic efflux [Resistance Mechanism] + beta-lactamase resistant penicillin + efflux pump complex or subunit conferring antibiotic resistance [Efflux Component] + fluoroquinolone antibiotic [Drug Class] + macrolide antibiotic [Drug Class] + norfloxacin [Antibiotic] + resistance-nodulation-cell division (RND) antibiotic efflux pump [AMR Gene Family] + oxacillin [Antibiotic] + cloxacillin [Antibiotic] + erythromycin [Antibiotic] + MdtEF-TolC + protein(s) and two-component regulatory system modulating antibiotic efflux [Efflux Regulator]
Parent Term(s)	3 ontology terms \| Show + protein(s) and two-component regulatory system modulating antibiotic efflux [Efflux Regulator] + regulates MdtEF-TolC + regulates gadW
Publications	Nishino K, et al. 2008. J Infect Chemother 14(1): 23-29. The AraC-family regulator GadX enhances multidrug resistance in Escherichia coli by activating expression of mdtEF multidrug efflux genes. (PMID 18297445)

Resistomes

Prevalence of gadX among the sequenced genomes, plasmids, and whole-genome shotgun assemblies available at NCBI or IslandViewer for 414 important pathogens (see methodological details and complete list of analyzed pathogens). Values reflect percentage of genomes, plasmids, genome islands, or whole-genome shotgun assemblies that have at least one hit to the AMR detection model. Default view includes percentages calculated based on Perfect plus Strict RGI hits. Select the checkbox to view percentages based on only Perfect matches to AMR reference sequences curated in CARD (note: this excludes resistance via mutation as references in protein variant models are often wild-type, sensitive sequences).

Prevalence: protein homolog model (view sequences)

Species	NCBI Chromosome	NCBI Plasmid	NCBI WGS	NCBI GI	GRDI-AMR2
Enterobacter hormaechei	0%	0%	0.04%	0%	0%
Enterobacter hormaechei	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
Escherichia coli	65.98%	0%	97.01%	0.13%	97.43%
Escherichia coli	18.37%	0%	19.61%	0.13%	26.46%
Shigella boydii	13.33%	0%	11.11%	0%	0%
Shigella boydii	100%	0%	94.44%	0%	0%
Shigella dysenteriae	85.71%	0%	96.67%	0%	0%
Shigella dysenteriae	0%	0%	6.67%	0%	0%
Shigella flexneri	20%	0%	0.47%	0%	0%
Shigella flexneri	97%	0%	98.76%	0%	0%
Shigella sonnei	0%	0%	1.1%	0%	0%
Shigella sonnei	100%	0%	99.05%	0%	0%

Show Perfect Only

Detection Models

protein homolog model

Model Type: protein homolog model

Model Definition: Protein Homolog Models (PHM) detect protein sequences based on their similarity to a curated reference sequence, using curated BLASTP bitscore cut-offs. Protein Homolog Models apply to all genes that confer resistance through their presence in an organism, such as the presence of a beta-lactamase gene on a plasmid. PHMs include a reference sequence and a bitscore cut-off for detection using BLASTP. A Perfect RGI match is 100% identical to the reference protein sequence along its entire length, a Strict RGI match is not identical but the bit-score of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bit-score cutoff, Loose RGI matches have a bit-score less than the curated BLASTP bit-score cut-off.

Bit-score Cut-off (blastP): 450

Protein
DNA

>gb|BAE77778.1|+|gadX [Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. W3110]
MQSLHGNCLIAYARHKYILTMVNGEYRYFNGGDLVFADASQIRVDKCVENFVFVSRDTLSLFLPMLKEEALNLHAHKKVSSLLVHHCSRD
IPVFQEVAQLSQNKNLRYAEMLRKRALIFALLSVFLEDEHFIPLLLNVLQPNMRTRVCTVINNNIAHEWTLARIASELLMSPSLLKKKLR
EEETSYSQLLTECRMQRALQLIVIHGFSIKRVAVSCGYHSVSYFIYVFRNYYGMTPTEYQERSAQRLSNRDSAASIVAQGNFYGTDRSAE
GIRL

>gb|AP009048.1|+|3974605-3975429|gadX [Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. W3110]
ATGCAATCACTACATGGGAATTGTCTAATTGCGTATGCAAGACATAAATATATTCTCACCATGGTTAATGGTGAATATCGCTATTTTAAT
GGCGGTGACCTGGTTTTTGCGGATGCAAGCCAAATTCGAGTAGATAAGTGTGTTGAAAATTTTGTATTCGTGTCAAGGGACACGCTTTCA
TTATTTCTCCCGATGCTCAAGGAGGAGGCATTAAATCTTCATGCACATAAAAAAGTTTCTTCATTACTCGTTCATCACTGTAGTAGAGAT
ATTCCTGTTTTTCAGGAAGTTGCGCAACTATCGCAGAATAAGAATCTTCGCTATGCAGAAATGCTACGTAAAAGAGCATTAATCTTTGCG
TTGTTATCTGTTTTTCTTGAGGATGAGCACTTTATACCGCTGCTTCTGAACGTTTTACAACCGAACATGCGAACACGAGTTTGTACGGTT
ATCAATAATAATATCGCCCATGAGTGGACACTAGCCCGAATCGCCAGCGAGCTGTTGATGAGTCCAAGTCTGTTAAAGAAAAAATTGCGC
GAAGAAGAGACATCATATTCACAGTTGCTTACTGAGTGTAGAATGCAACGTGCTTTGCAACTTATTGTTATACATGGTTTTTCAATTAAG
CGAGTTGCAGTATCCTGTGGATATCACAGCGTGTCGTATTTCATTTACGTCTTTCGAAATTATTATGGGATGACGCCCACAGAGTATCAG
GAGCGATCGGCGCAGAGATTGTCGAACCGTGACTCGGCGGCAAGTATTGTTGCGCAAGGGAATTTTTACGGCACTGACCGTTCTGCGGAA
GGAATAAGATTATAG

Curator Acknowledgements

Curator	Description	Most Recent Edit

gadX

Prevalence: protein homolog model (view sequences)

Graph