| Accession | ARO:3000858 |
| CARD Short Name | armA |
| Definition | ArmA is a 16S rRNA methyltransferase that targets mature or nearly mature 30S subunits. It transfers a methyl group from S-adenosyl-L-methionine to N7-G1405 of the 16S rRNA, an aminoglycoside binding site. |
| AMR Gene Family | 16S rRNA methyltransferase (G1405) |
| Drug Class | aminoglycoside antibiotic |
| Resistance Mechanism | antibiotic target alteration |
| Resistomes with Perfect Matches | Acinetobacter baumanniig+p+wgs+gi, Acinetobacter nosocomialiswgs, Aeromonas caviaewgs, Aeromonas hydrophilap+wgs, Citrobacter freundiip+wgs, Citrobacter portucalensisp, Citrobacter werkmaniiwgs, Citrobacter youngaep+wgs, Enterobacter cloacaep+wgs, Enterobacter hormaecheip+wgs, Enterobacter kobeig+wgs, Enterobacter roggenkampiiwgs, Escherichia colig+p+wgs, Klebsiella aerogenesp+wgs, Klebsiella michiganensisp+wgs, Klebsiella pneumoniaeg+p+wgs+gi, Klebsiella quasipneumoniaep+wgs, Leclercia adecarboxylatag+gi, Morganella morganiiwgs, Proteus mirabilisg+p+wgs, Proteus vulgarisp, Providencia rettgerig+p+wgs+gi, Providencia stuartiip+wgs, Pseudomonas aeruginosap+wgs, Raoultella planticolawgs, Salmonella entericag+p+wgs+gi, Serratia marcescenswgs, Vibrio choleraewgs |
| Resistomes with Sequence Variants | Acinetobacter baumanniig+p+wgs+gi, Acinetobacter nosocomialiswgs, Aeromonas caviaewgs, Aeromonas hydrophilap+wgs, Citrobacter freundiip+wgs, Citrobacter portucalensisp, Citrobacter werkmaniiwgs, Citrobacter youngaep+wgs, Enterobacter cloacaep+wgs, Enterobacter hormaecheip+wgs, Enterobacter kobeig+wgs, Enterobacter roggenkampiiwgs, Escherichia colig+p+wgs, Klebsiella aerogenesp+wgs, Klebsiella michiganensisp+wgs, Klebsiella pneumoniaeg+p+wgs+gi, Klebsiella quasipneumoniaep+wgs, Leclercia adecarboxylatag+gi, Morganella morganiiwgs, Proteus mirabilisg+p+wgs, Proteus vulgarisp, Providencia rettgerig+p+wgs+gi, Providencia stuartiip+wgs, Pseudomonas aeruginosap+wgs, Raoultella planticolawgs, Salmonella entericag+p+wgs+gi, Serratia marcescenswgs, Vibrio choleraewgs |
| Classification | 12 ontology terms | Show + process or component of antibiotic biology or chemistry + mechanism of antibiotic resistance + determinant of antibiotic resistance + antibiotic target alteration [Resistance Mechanism] + antibiotic target modifying enzyme + ribosomal alteration conferring antibiotic resistance + antibiotic molecule + antibiotic mixture + rRNA methyltransferase conferring antibiotic resistance + aminoglycoside antibiotic [Drug Class] + gentamicin [Antibiotic] + 16S ribosomal RNA methyltransferase |
| Parent Term(s) | 12 ontology terms | Show + confers_resistance_to_antibiotic dibekacin [Antibiotic] + confers_resistance_to_antibiotic amikacin [Antibiotic] + confers_resistance_to_antibiotic gentamicin C [Antibiotic] + confers_resistance_to_antibiotic sisomicin [Antibiotic] + confers_resistance_to_antibiotic netilmicin [Antibiotic] + confers_resistance_to_antibiotic kanamycin A [Antibiotic] + confers_resistance_to_antibiotic tobramycin [Antibiotic] + confers_resistance_to_antibiotic isepamicin [Antibiotic] + confers_resistance_to_antibiotic G418 [Antibiotic] + confers_resistance_to_antibiotic arbekacin [Antibiotic] + confers_resistance_to_antibiotic gentamicin B [Antibiotic] + 16S rRNA methyltransferase (G1405) [AMR Gene Family] |
| Publications | Schmitt E, et al. 2009. J Mol Biol 388(3): 570-582. Structural bases for 16 S rRNA methylation catalyzed by ArmA and RmtB methyltransferases. (PMID 19303884) Zarubica T, et al. 2011. RNA 17(2): 346-355. The aminoglycoside resistance methyltransferases from the ArmA/Rmt family operate late in the 30S ribosomal biogenesis pathway. (PMID 21177880) Gurung M, et al. 2010. Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. 68(4):468-70 Emergence of 16S rRNA methylase gene armA and cocarriage of bla(IMP-1) in Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from South Korea. (PMID 20926221) Shrestha S, et al. 2016. J Nepal Health Res Counc 14(33):72-76 Emergence of Aminoglycoside Resistance Due to armA methylase in Multi-drug Resistant Acinetobacter Baumannii Isolates in a University Hospital in Nepal. (PMID 27885285) |
Prevalence of armA among the sequenced genomes, plasmids, and whole-genome shotgun assemblies available at NCBI or IslandViewer for 413 important pathogens (see methodological details and complete list of analyzed pathogens). Values reflect percentage of genomes, plasmids, genome islands, or whole-genome shotgun assemblies that have at least one hit to the AMR detection model. Default view includes percentages calculated based on Perfect plus Strict RGI hits. Select the checkbox to view percentages based on only Perfect matches to AMR reference sequences curated in CARD (note: this excludes resistance via mutation as references in protein variant models are often wild-type, sensitive sequences).
| Species | NCBI Chromosome | NCBI Plasmid | NCBI WGS | NCBI GI |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Acinetobacter baumannii | 35.93% | 1.35% | 24.91% | 15.72% |
| Acinetobacter nosocomialis | 0% | 0% | 0.57% | 0% |
| Aeromonas caviae | 0% | 0% | 0.54% | 0% |
| Aeromonas hydrophila | 0% | 2.6% | 0.81% | 0% |
| Citrobacter freundii | 0% | 0.31% | 1.55% | 0% |
| Citrobacter portucalensis | 0% | 2.94% | 0% | 0% |
| Citrobacter werkmanii | 0% | 0% | 12.82% | 0% |
| Citrobacter youngae | 0% | 9.09% | 6.25% | 0% |
| Enterobacter cloacae | 0% | 0.56% | 0.96% | 0% |
| Enterobacter hormaechei | 0% | 0.51% | 1.51% | 0% |
| Enterobacter kobei | 4.55% | 0% | 4.37% | 0% |
| Enterobacter roggenkampii | 0% | 0% | 1.8% | 0% |
| Escherichia coli | 0.12% | 0.07% | 0.26% | 0% |
| Klebsiella aerogenes | 0% | 1.09% | 0.28% | 0% |
| Klebsiella michiganensis | 0% | 0.57% | 0.53% | 0% |
| Klebsiella pneumoniae | 1.24% | 1.55% | 3.08% | 3.81% |
| Klebsiella quasipneumoniae | 0% | 0.64% | 6.32% | 0% |
| Leclercia adecarboxylata | 7.14% | 0% | 0% | 50% |
| Morganella morganii | 0% | 0% | 1.23% | 0% |
| Proteus mirabilis | 1.83% | 2.5% | 1.32% | 0% |
| Proteus vulgaris | 0% | 11.11% | 0% | 0% |
| Providencia rettgeri | 5.88% | 2.7% | 1.27% | 50% |
| Providencia stuartii | 0% | 2.27% | 2.27% | 0% |
| Pseudomonas aeruginosa | 0% | 0.29% | 0.2% | 0% |
| Raoultella planticola | 0% | 0% | 2.56% | 0% |
| Salmonella enterica | 0.5% | 0.6% | 0.42% | 0.99% |
| Serratia marcescens | 0% | 0% | 0.13% | 0% |
| Vibrio cholerae | 0% | 0% | 0.19% | 0% |
Model Type: protein homolog model
Model Definition: Protein Homolog Models (PHM) detect protein sequences based on their similarity to a curated reference sequence, using curated BLASTP bitscore cut-offs. Protein Homolog Models apply to all genes that confer resistance through their presence in an organism, such as the presence of a beta-lactamase gene on a plasmid. PHMs include a reference sequence and a bitscore cut-off for detection using BLASTP. A Perfect RGI match is 100% identical to the reference protein sequence along its entire length, a Strict RGI match is not identical but the bit-score of the matched sequence is greater than the curated BLASTP bit-score cutoff, Loose RGI matches have a bit-score less than the curated BLASTP bit-score cut-off.
Bit-score Cut-off (blastP): 450
